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The Causes Of Turnover Among Social Workers, F.M. Loewenberg

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

There is general agreement that social worker turnover is not desirable. Yet social work administrators who want to institute changes which might reduce the rate of turnover have little accurate information about the causes of worker mobility -- and without such information, any change activity must be based on a trial-and-error approach. In this study general propositions and hypotheses about social work turnover have been deduced from what is known about worker mobility generally and have been assessed in the light of the available literature on social worker mobility.

Journal Of Sociology & Social Welfare Vol. 6, No. 5 (September 1979)

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

TABLE OF CONTENTS

• Work Place Collectives: A Strategy Towards Decentralized Democratic Socialism - DAVID G. GIL
• Behavior Modification in the Classroom: Education or Social Control? - IRWIN EPSTEIN, CHRISTINE HENCH
• Applied Sociology and Social Work Manpower and Theoretical Issues - CARLTON E. MUNSON
• The Causes of Turnover Among Social Workers - F.M. LOEWENBERG
• The Social Construction of Ages and the Ideology of Stages - VICTORIA FRIES RADER
• Baseline Evaluation: Evaluating Consistency Between Federal Standards and Local Provisions - JAMES R. SEABERG, DAVID F. GILLESPIE
• The Economic Status of the Elderly: Is the Problem Low Income? - JOHN B. WILLIAMSON
• Lessons …

Heroin--Myths And Knowledge: Impact On Public Policy, Robert Salmon

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

Public Policy in the United States towards the heroin user and addict has been punitive as well as unsuccessful in deterring drug use or in treatment of the addict. Bias, myths, and prejudices have influenced our policy stance and have made heroin addiction a more serious problem than it otherwise would have been. This is explicated in the article, and contrasted with the British system which in attitude and practice tends to view the addict as ill rather than evil.

Applied Sociology And Social Work: Manpower And Theoretical Issues, Carlton E. Munson

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

Applied sociology and social work are compared and contrasted historically. Significant literature is reviewed that illustrates chronologically past cooperative efforts. Academic and practice integration of the two disciplines are identified in their modern context as well as trends are identified. Manpower issues that parallel and separate the two disciplines are explored. It is argued that current changes in funding of educational programs could have much impact on both disciplines and determine future differentiation.

The Social Construction Of Ages And The Ideology Of Stages, Victoria Fries Rader

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

It is the thesis of this paper that the images and beliefs about any age group in a society indicate the kind of social order prevailing in a particular time and place. This paper critically analyses the developmental life cycle model from a sociology of knowledge perspective. It is argued that life's major activities and individuals' basic needs have increasingly become compartmentalized according to chronological age in modern Western society. This separation of basic activities and needs into specialized age roles is explained and legitimated by a popular belief in a model of inherent progressive life "stages", a model largely …

An Evaluative Study Of The Good Samaritan Pain Evaluation Clinic, Frederic G. Wessinger Jr.

Dissertations and Theses

The purpose of this study is to ascertain whether or not the Good Samaritan Pain Evaluation Clinic can be considered a success.

The Social Construction Of Professional Knowledge: Social Work Ideology, 1956-1973, Danny L. Jorgensen

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

This paper reports on patterns and trends of ideological advocacy in social work. Findings from a content analysis of Social Work indicate that conceptions of this service profession have changed over a recent eighteen year period. Changes in professional meanings are analyzed in terms of authors' educational status, employment setting, and the problematic topics they discussed. This analysis supports a process model of reality construction in professional arenas and provides implications for the self-conscious management of professional imagery.

Journal Of Sociology & Social Welfare Vol. 6, No. 4 (June 1979)

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

Table of Contents

• The Social Construction of Professional Knowledge: Social Work Ideology, 1956-1973 - DANNY L. JORGENSEN - pp 434
• A Study of Strategies Used In The Pursuit of Legal Regulation of Social Work - JOHN T. GANDY, FRANK B. RAYMOND - pp 464
• Exploring The Validity of Multi Causal Models In
• Problem Analysis: The Case of Child Abuse - NOLAN RINDFIEISCH - pp 477
• Racial Segregation: The Impact of Monthly Contract Rent and Family Income - GEORGE E. 0’C0NNELL - pp 494
• Do Agency Admínistrative Changes Affect The Effectíveness and Efficiency of DHR Employees? - RICHARD M. GRINNELL, JR., …

Lay Counseling: The Basis Of Prevention In Mental Health, James R. Seaberg

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

The purpose of this paper is to increase the recognition of lay counseling as a basis of mental health prevention and to present a summary of the state of knowledge about it. Lay counseling is cast as one of several components of mental health prevention and treatment, a definition is offered which distinguishes it from paraprofessional and selp-help services, knowledge about it both direct and tangential is summarized, and future research and policy implications are discussed.

Consciousness Raising, Values, And Practice Behavior, Joseph R. Steiner

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

This paper advocates for more conscious awareness of values, and their logical link, along with knowledge, to practice. A logical network is developed which reveals the association between values, knowledge, and practice behaviors. Excnples from social work literature are used to illustrate the breakdown in the logical development of practice which occurs when values are suppressed or are only dealt with subjectively. Examples are also given based upon a planning group in which values were defined and used with community data to logically deduce 'what ought to be done." A plan for self study is also developed.

A Study Of Strategies Used In The Pursuit Of Legal Regulation Of Social Work, John T. Gandy, Frank B. Raymond

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

The debate regarding legal regulation in social work has continued for a number of years. The issues are varied, including the desirability of licensing, the lack of progress in the achievement of regulation, and the discrepancy as to the form of such regulation.

The authors examined a topic area which they believe might be basic to the profession's problems with legal regulation, that being the procedure and process utilized by states in achieving such regulation. The primary purpose of the empirical research concerned the identification and description of strategies used by state chapters of the National Association of Social Workers …

Exploring The Validity Of Multi Causal Models In Problem Analysis: The Case Of Child Abuse, Nolan Rindfleisch

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

The purpose of the study reported here was to assess the validity of a multi-causal view of child abuse as it is manifested in children's institutions. The analytical model utilized underlines the powerful role that norms play in creating differential predispositions to violence, that pressures and structural position play in creating differential chances of violence among people with different predispositions and that a sense of injustice plays as a dynamic through which violence is generated.

This ex post facto study utilized role playing techniques to examine voluntary harm doing in a purposive sample of 100 direct caregivers in 42 living …

Group Parent Training In Oregon, John Peter Kuzma

Dissertations and Theses

Research examining the actual practice and methods of group parent trainers has not kept pace with the great amount of literature on "how-to-parent" theory. In this study, 23 group parent trainees throughout the Willamette Valley in Oregon were interviewed to determine the characteristics of their groups in terms of numbers of parents in each group, length of groups, fees charged, teaching methods used, parenting approaches taught. Their general concerns and opinions about the parent training field were also elicited.

The support aspects of the parent groups were recognized as integral to parent training's effectiveness. The organizational structure of the groups …

The Interruption Of The Developmental Tasks Through Pregnancy In The Female Adolescent, Suzanne Epstein, Kathleen Perkins

Dissertations and Theses

There is much information about the incidence of adolescent pregnancy yet little attention has been directed to how this process will interrupt the working towards or completion of the developmental tasks of adolescence. It is our belief that completion of these tasks is crucial in relation to moving into the next stage, adulthood.

Public interest and concern for the contemporary needs of pregnant adolescents and school age parents as a special group is still fairly novel. Survey findings revealed that adolescent parents still have great need for infant day care services, direct financial assistance, housing arrangements, education, and parenting education. …

Requisites For The Establishment, Implementation, And Evaluation Of Social Work Treatment Programs For Anti-Social Children, John S. Wodarski

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

Requisites for the establishment, implementation and evaluation of social work treatment programs for anti-social children are reviewed. Specific items discussed are: how does one ascertain the level at which change efforts should be directed, i.e., individual, group, organizational, or societal; what is the appropriate context for behavioral change; who should act as the change agent; what characteristics should the worker possess; what are the rationale for service provided; how long should the treatment continue; how does one prepare for the termination of treatment and maintenance of behavior; what organizational factors of treatment contexts are pertinent to the constructive delivery of …

Implications Of Racism For Social Work Practice, Seymour Mirelowitz

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

This paper examines school and practice issues in social work in relationship to the concepts of ethnicity, minority groups, racism, and institutional racism. Operational definitions to establish conceptual clarity are also developed. The statistical aspects of progression vis-a-vis cultural diversity in social work institutions, enrollment in schools of social work, and representation on the faculty of schools of social work are studied. Social policy and the implementation of change in social work practice and education are then dealt with in relation to the current reality of the profession and the society in which it functions.

Three Mile Island - A Personal Report, James R. Hudson

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

March 29, 1979 was the first day of the spring term at The Pennsylvania State University--Capitol Campus. I had joined a car pool and as we drove from Lancaster to Middletown the conversation centered on the news from Three Mile Island. We were clearly unaware of the severity of the problem, but two of the riders were active in anti-nuclear energy organizations. They were grim and intense. Their central concern at the moment was how to mobilize the campus in some way to respond to the potential hazard. There was a certain deja vu in the themes of the conversation. …

Professionalism And The Control Of Knowledge, John M. Booker, Allen W. Imershein

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

Madness becomes mental illness through the joint project of psychiatry and the community of consensus lent to it. The psychiatrist, like the shaman (to paraphrase Leve'-Strauss), acts through the cultural plasma of his times. And the psychiatrist provides a definition for events, making mental illness of madness, while occupying a unique position within the scheme of society.

Psychiatry has been attacked from many directions in recent years. Despite these varied challenges, however, its power appears to have abated little if at all. How can we account for this fact? On the surface one might assume that the scientific basis or …

The Social Policy Of Denial: Unemployment In Israel, Harris Chaiklin

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

When reality does not match the dream nations tend to suffer. In Israel unemployment compromises social democratic ideals. The country oscillates between bombast and despair. Official data is not trusted. Those who leave Russia on Israeli visas and do not come are "dropouts." Those who leave Israel for other countries are "yordim." Those who go to work every day when there is nothing to do are draining the nation with "hidden unemployment." These are terms of derision. Some of the difficulty with unemployment data and understanding Israeli response to the problem may be for security reasons. Israelis have lived in …

Loneliness And Deprivation: The Case Of Roman Catholic Priests, John F. Schnabel, John P. Koval

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

Using Roman Catholic Priests as a test in order to control for deprivation in relationships of intimacy while maximizing the need for social network relationships, an examination was made of their differential experience of loneliness.

The evidence suggested repeatedly that priests were more likely to experience loneliness as a serious problem when they perceived that the social network which they regarded as most significant in their lives (the Church) placed some kind of structural limitation on the extent of their involvement in it. Factors, for example, which help determine the individual priest's place in the structure of the Church are: …

Integrating Child Care Services: Overcoming Structural Obstacles To Collaboration Of Institutional And Community Agency Staffs, Arthur K. Berliner

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

Social Work practice settings are so diversified that different perspectives inevitably develop among practitioners. These may undermine collaborative efforts between agencies. Child care services afford an example of a field requiring diversified agency settings and therefore vulnerable to development of contrasting perspectives. Some of the sources of an "institutional perspective" and of a "community perspective" are identified, as well as problems originating in lack of a shared perspective. Proposals for overcoming these problems and promoting integration of services comprises the final section of the paper.

Journal Of Sociology & Social Welfare Vol. 6, No. 3 (May 1979)

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

Table of Contents

• Three Mile Island - A Personal Report - JAMES R. HUDSON - pp. 288
• Implications of Racism for Social Work Practice - SEYMOUR MIRELOWITZ - pp. 297
• Psychiatry and Society: Professionalism and the Control of Knowledge - JOHN M. BOOKER, ALLEN W. IMERSHEIN - pp. 313
• The Social Policy of Denial: Unemployment in Israel - HARRIS CHAIKLIN - pp. 326
• Requisites for the Establishment, Implementation and Evaluation of Social Work Treatment Programs for Anti-Social Children - JOHN S. WODARSKI - pp. 339
• Public Monitoring of Contracts with Nonprofit Organizations: Organizational Mission in Two Sectors - BRUCE S. …

Journal Of Sociology & Social Welfare Vol. 6, No. 2 (March 1979)

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

Table of Contents

• THE PRINCIPLES OF GENERAL SYSTEMS THEORY APPLIED TO THE MEDICAL MODEL. WHO BENEFITS? - James T. Decker, John R. Redhorse
• HOMOSEXUALITY: A SOCIAL WORKER'S IMBROGLIO - Carol Tully, Joyce C. Aibro
• SOCIAL POLICX AND SOCIAL WELFARE ADMINISTRATION - Bernard Neugeboren
• PROBLEMS AND ISSUES IN COMMUNITY-BASED RESIDENTIAL SERVICES AS ALTERNATIVES TO INSTITUTIONALIZATION - Anthony N. Maluccio
• ORGANIZATIONAL CONSIDERATIONS IN THE APPLICATION OF BUDGETING AND COST EFFECTIVENESS SYSTEMS TO SOCIAL WELFARE ORGANIZATIONS - Charles Cowger
• SOCIAL WORK AND CRIMINAL JUSTICE STUDENT SUPPORT OF CIVIL LIBERTIES - David A. Fabianic
• BLACKS AND CAPITAL PUNISHMENT: AN ASSESSMENT OF LATENT DISCRIMINATORY JUSTICE …

Social Polics And Social Welfare Administration, Bernard Neugeboren

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

Effective administration of social welfare programs requires the integration of knowledge of social policy with the understanding of the theory and practice of management and administrative decision making. This integration of substantive knowledge of social policy with administrative practice is needed to avoid overemphasis on means to the detriment of the goals of social programs. This paper discusses a policy analysis framework in relationship to a model of decisionmaking which includes rational and non-rational elements. Principles of policy formulation (major system change) is applied to specific issues in social welfare, i.e. should social services be directed at changing the individual …

Problems And Issues In Community-Based Residential Services As Alternatives To Institutionalization, Anthony N. Maluccio

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

In recent years there has been increasing interest in community based residential services (e.g. foster homes and group homes) as alternatives to institutionalization of people in problem areas such as mental health, mental retardation, child welfare, and aging.

A selective review of the literature was undertaken to identify key issues, problems and concepts in the use and development of community-based services. This article presents selected findings and conclusions regarding conceptualization of services, issues in service delivery, and evaluation of effectiveness. In addition, it proposes a conceptual framework useful in examining the continuum of emerging services.

Blacks And Capital Punishment: An Assessment Of Latent Discriminatory Justice In The United States, Laurence French

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

A major consideration in interethnic relations is the control factor and how this is maintained in minority/ majority situations especially those occurring within heterogeneous societies. Granted numerous subtle control processes operate at both the primary and secondary levels of interethnic interaction but a critical measure of the effectiveness of minority subjugation is reflected in judicial discrimination. This formal legal control apparatus has a legal mandate to deny social members their freedom, to punish and even to execute them. In the United States the criminal justice system's avowed mandate is to provide 'equal justice' for all citizens without discrimination due to …

The Principles Of General Systems Theory Applied To The Medical Model: Who Benefits?, James T. Decker, John R. Redhorse

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

The term "Medical Model", though frequently used by professionals, theoreticians and laymen in referring to certain aspects of the medical profession, or of the entire medical system, is rarely used with any degree of precision. The term, indeed, has been used as a shorthand expression, leaving it unnecessary to explicate descriptively the interrelated components of the medical arena. The theories, conceptual constructs, practice, and operating ideologies of the Medical Model, and their association with bi-cultural, economic, political and other concepts are left unspoken. These elements are simply assumed to be implicit in the use of the term. It is our …

The Educational Needs Of Social Work Faculty In Medical Schools, Richard M. Grinnell Jr., Nancy S. Kyte

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

Despite a long-standing association and promise for a closer alliance in the future, considerable ambiguity surrounds the current participation of social workers in medical education. A nationwide study was conducted to obtain a comprehensive, up-todate profile of social work faculty employed by medical schools-- their total number, demographic characteristics, department affiliations, primary specialties, methods and content areas of academic instruction, etc. An accompanying study focused on the opinions of medical school Deans concerning the present and future status of social work faculty in medical education. Attention has been given to social work education in relation to health care practice. Another …

Organizational Considerations In The Application Of Budgeting And Cost Effectiveness Systems To Social Welfare Organizations, Charles Cowger

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

Social welfare organizations have distinctive organizational characteristics which hinder their adaptability to budget and cost effectiveness systems. This paper identifies those characteristics and discusses their significance.

A Proposed Treatment Approach And Environment For The Female Alcoholic, Stuart Wallace

Theses

This thesis by Stuart Wallace presents a comprehensive proposal for a treatment approach and residential environment specifically tailored for female alcoholics, with a unique emphasis on accommodating women who are also mothers with young children. Drawing on the author’s clinical experience and a thorough review of the literature, the work addresses the lack of structured, gender-sensitive treatment programs and proposes a model that integrates both behavioral and humanistic therapeutic modalities.

The document explores the distinct characteristics and treatment needs of female alcoholics, noting their underrepresentation in traditional recovery facilities and the compounded challenges they face, such as co-occurring mental health …