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Economic Motivators For Shoplifting, Joann Ray, Katherine Hooper Briar

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

Shoplifting has been attributed to many psychological and physiological factors, especially when women are involved. This article examines the many factors that account for shoplifting behavior focusing on research findings which suggest economic and employment precipitants of the problem. Changes in policy and programmatic responses to shoplifters are suggested.

The Environmental, Economic, And Social Impacts Of Resort Development And Tourism On Native Hawaiians, Jon Matsuoka, Terry Kelly

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

Hawaii is currently undergoing major changes associated with land and industrial development. A shift in focus from agriculture to tourism has led to massive land development throughout the islands in order to accommodate this growing industry. The people affected most by these environmental changes are the indigenous people of Hawaii who exist in close harmony with the land and sea. As natural habitats are destroyed, fish and other food sources disappear. This has profound affects upon the behavior and practices of Hawaiian people who must look to other means for subsistence. Changes in the environment are inherently tied to changes …

Journal Of Sociology & Social Welfare Vol. 15, No. 4 (December 1988)

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

Table of Contents

• "NEW" DIRECTIONS IN THE WELFARE REFORM DEBATE: THE PROBLEMS OF FEDERALISM - W. Joseph Heffernan
• THE ENVIRONMENTAL, ECONOMIC, AND SOCIAL IMPACTS OF RESORT DEVELOPMENT AND TOURISM ON NATIVE HAWAIIANS - Jon Matsuoka and Terry Kelly
• A CROSS-CULTURAL ANALYSIS OF PSYCHIATRIC SYMPTOM EXPRESSION USING LANGNER'S TWENTY-TWO ITEM INDEX - Robert Nishimoto
• HEALTH AND SOCIAL SERVICE NEEDS IN A NORTHEASTERN METROPOLITAN AREA: ETHNIC GROUP DIFFERENCES - Paul D. Cleary and Harold Demone, Jr.
• THE RELATIONSHIP OF RACE, SOCIOECONOMIC STATUS AND MARITAL STATUS TO KIN NETWORKS - Ferol E. Mennen
• NEIL BROCK, SOCIAL WORKER: TWENTY-FIVE YEARS LATER - Janice Andrews …

The Frustrations Of Family Violence Social Work: An Historical Critique, Linda Gordon

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

Contrary to the view that social work has been characterized by substantial shifts in treatment methods over the last hundred years, an historical study of case records from child protection agencies in Boston, 1880 to 1960, revealed very little improvement or change in the social-work response to family violence cases. The continuity in socialwork response rested, at its best, on workers' common-sense apprehension of the complex (intrapsychic, relational, and environmental) causes of family violence, and, at worst, on several constricting ideologies about proper family life: gender assumptions that made women's domesticity and mothering essential; and a public/private dichotomy which assumed …

Peace, Or The Problem-Free Interval, Roger A. Lohmann

Faculty & Staff Scholarship

This paper argues for wider recognition of general program indicators as evaluative criteria and sets forth four general dimensions of outcome measures that might serve as comparative evaluative indicators for a wide range of programs and services. Pragmatic problem-solving is outlined as a theoretical basis for an approach to such general indicators. The argument for general program indicators of problem presence, frequency, duration and severity is grounded in general problem-solving theory and is part of an evaluative study of a mental health crisis unit. Peace, defined as a problem-free interval, is offered as an example of a general program outcome …

Profits, Welfare, And Class Position: 1965-1984, Marcus D. Pohlmann

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

The study utilizes an extended version of a Charles V Hamilton paradigm in order to estimate yearly income transfers between classes in America's system of "welfare state capitalism." Analyzing the period from 1965 to 1984, what becomes most obvious is the substantial annual transfer from the middle/working class to the owning class. The transfer rose to more than $150 billion by 1984-a full 10% of middle/ working class income. Yet when looking at the implications, an interesting paradox emerges. Although the amount of transfer has increased some over the period, it has not grown nearly as fast as the after-tax …

Behavioral Impacts Of The Fear Of Aids: A Sociological Model, Raghu N. Singh, N. Prabha Unnithan, James D. Jones

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

The paper demonstrates the conceptual meaning and utility of a sociological model for identifying correlates of the fear of AIDS and its consequent changes on peoples' behaviors. A sociological notion of levels of analysis is employed for classifying correlates of AIDS' fears under structural and individual categories. A tentative list of these correlates and their projected relationship with peoples' fears is suggested to illustrate the model.

Strategic Planning In Human Service Agencies, Stephen A. Webster, Mary Wylie

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

Recent public policy initiatives including deinstitutionalization, deregulation, decentralization, and privatization have resulted in: (a) rapid growth in the number of private not-for-profit organizations; and, (b) competitive environments. These conditions have forced agencies to examine their planning processes to determine if agency goals are appropriate for meeting market demands. An exploratory study of 154 human service agencies examined if and how strategic planning was used to respond to these conditions. The Chief Executive Officers for those agencies reported that strategic planning was replacing incremental planning as a preferred planning model. However, the choice resulted because of pressure from outside influentials not …

Journal Of Sociology & Social Welfare Vol. 15, No. 3 (September 1988)

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

Table of Contents

• PROFITS, WELFARE, AND CLASS POSITION: 1965-1984 - Marcus D. Pohlmann
• BEHAVIORAL IMPACTS OF THE FEAR OF AIDS: A SOCIOLOGICAL MODEL - Raghu N. Singh, N. Prabha Unnithan, and James D. Jones
• STRATEGIC PLANNING IN HUMAN SERVICE AGENCIES - Stephen A. Webster and Mary Wylie
• CHALLENGING THE PROPOSED DEREGULATION OF P.L. 94-142: A CASE STUDY OF CITIZEN ADVOCACY - James G. McCullagh
• MENTAL HEALTH TREATMENT REFUSAL IN CORRECTIONAL INSTITUTIONS: A SOCIOLOGICAL AND LEGAL ANALYSIS - Rudolph Alexander, Jr.
• "OUR TOWN": A CASE STUDY OF IDEOLOGY AND THE PRIVATE WELFARE SECTOR - William M. Epstein
• RECISIONS, ORGANIZATIONAL CONDITIONS AND …

Challenging The Proposed Deregulation Of P.L. 94-142: A Case Study Of Citizen Advocacy, James G. Mccullagh

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

Public Law 94-142, The Education for All Handicapped Children Act of 1975, considered by many to be the most significant federal legislation for children in need of special education, was proposed for deregulation by the Reagan administration in 1982. This study examines actions taken by citizen advocates-consumer/advocacy/parent (CAP) organizations and groups, parents, and other advocates for exceptional children-who gave testimony in opposition to the proposed changes at public hearings held by the United States Department of Education in late 1982. The most controversial proposed rules were withdrawn on September 29, 1982, while the remaining proposed changes were not implemented. Citizen …

Mental Health Treatment Refusal In Correctional Institutions: A Sociological And Legal Analysis, Rudolph Alexander Jr.

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

Recently, the courts have recognized the right to a minimum level of mental health treatment for individuals confined in both mental and correctional institutions, utilizing a different rationale for each system. As mental health administrators in state mental hospitals accepted that they were responsible for providing an increased level of mental health services, they were disappointed that courts had subsequently ruled that individuals in state hospitals had a right to refuse treatment. The purpose of this paper is to elaborate, sociologically and legally, upon treatment refusal in the correctional system since most of the attention on treatment refusal has focused …

"Our Town": A Case Study Of Ideology And The Private Social Welfare Sector, William M. Epstein

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

This case study explores the relationship between ideology and the performance of the voluntary social welfare sector in Western New York. Data were collected from the directors of 22 of the largest and most important voluntary social welfare agencies relating to their own social attitudes and those of their boards. The common expression of similar agency attitudes toward a variety of social policies were in narrow conformity with the conservative values of the current national administration. The common core of conservative values, suggesting that the agencies perform an ideological role within the community in addition to their service role, may …

Recisions, Organizational Conditions And Job Satisfaction Among Black And White Human Service Workers: A Research Note, R. L. Mcneely

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

Despite the growing attention evident in the human services literature on the related topics of job satisfaction and burnout, virtually none of the empirical studies published to date have examined the possible influences of recent federal and state cutbacks in human service funding levels on the job satisfaction of human service workers. One outcome of these cutbacks has been the curtailment of services offered by county welfare departments, often achieved by reducing the number of public welfare workers through hiring freezes, attrition, layoffs, etc. The remaining public welfare workers often have then been placed in the unenviable position of trying …

Journal Of Sociology & Social Welfare Vol. 15, No. 2 (June 1988)

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

Table of Contents

• SYMPOSIUM ON THE WELFARE-WARFARE STATETEN YEARS LATER - Editorial - NORMAN N. GOROFF
• The Warfare-Welfare Tradeoff: Consequences of Continuing the Nudear Arms Race and Some Policy Alternatives - SAM MARULLO
• Social Democracy, War, and the Welfare State - PAUL ADAMS
• Making War Thinkable - SHIMON S. GOTTSCHALK
• Social Work Concerns Related to Peace and People Oriented Development in the International Context - DANIEL S. SANDERS
• Beyond War: Empowerment for Senior Citizens in a Nuclear Age - SUSAN RICE
• Transcending Despair: A Prelude to Action - NORMAN N. GOROFF
• ADDITIONAL PAPERS
• What Social Workers Do: Implications for the …

Making War Thinkable, Shimon S. Gottschalk

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

This paper identifies significant cognitive elements in Western thought which appear to undergird and lend an aura of legitimacy and credence to discussions of defense, armaments, and the preparation of war.

Social Work Concerns Related To Peace And People Oriented Development In The International Context, Daniel S. Sanders

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

It is the thesis of this paper that the social work profession along with other human service professions has the potential of making a vital contribution in promoting peace and people oriented development and that the ultimate test of the profession's contribution to individuals, families, and communities in varying contexts is the ensuring of human survival and the enhancing of the quality of life for all people.

Social Democracy, War, And The Welfare State, Paul Adams

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

Many writers have discerned links between the welfare state and social democracy. A few have examined the connections between the welfare state and war. The links connecting war, social democracy, and the welfare state are here examined, and it is argued that all three can be fruitfully understood as aspects of a tendency to state capitalism which prevailed in the first half of the twentieth century but which has increasingly been offset by a countervailing tendency to internationalization. The welfare state and social democracy, as national-state centered phenomena resting on the capacity of individual states to manage their own segments …

Deprofessionalization, Proletarianization, And Social Welfare Work, Paula Dressel, Michelle Waters, Mike Sweat, Obie Clayton Jr., Amy Chandler-Clayton

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

In this paper we explore the personnel transformations which have occurred in social welfare work. Specifically, we examine the tensions between the dynamics of professionalization and deprofessionalization and how these trends have impacted upon those who work in the social welfare enterprise. Another concern of the paper is the effect of the proletarianization of social welfare work in the face of increasing efforts of some to create professional standards and to solidify the position of professionals in agencies. These struggles are examined in terms of their ability to affect the likelihood of both worker unionization and worker-client political coalitions.

An Ecological Approach For Social Work Practice, John T. Pardeck

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

The ecological approach offers a comprehensive theoretical base that social practitioners can draw upon for effective social treatment. The critical concepts of the ecological approach are presented. It is suggested that the ecological perspective can be a useful treatment strategy for improving the social functioning of the client system.

What Social Workers Do: Implications For The Reclassification Debate, Charles Green

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

The reclassification trend is one of the most formidable issues facing American social work today. Social work's vulnerability stemming from a general ambiquity about its distinct role and boundaries, competition from emerging helping occupations, and its debated professionalism is a major contributing factor. Often ignored in recent efforts to address reclassification is empirical evidence of social work's distinct performance in the human services versus other occupational groups. In this article comparative research findings supporting social work's unique performance are presented and their relevance for reclassification discussed.

Introduction And Dedication, Norman Goroff

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

In 1977 the Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare published a Special Issue edited by the late Larry Northwood on The Welfare-Warfare State. This was one of the first journal publications by social workers and sociologists on this vital issue. Larry was one of the original members of the National Association of Social Workers' Peace Committee and did much to stimulate the analysis of the relationship between a warfare and a welfare state.

The Warfare-Welfare Tradeoff: Consequences Of Continuing The Nudear Arms Race And Some Policy Alternatives, Sam Marullo

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

This paper provides a survey of the positive functions of the nuclear arms race for segments of society and society as a whole. The analysis of the positive functions does not serve as a justification for the status quo, but is undertaken to point out the numerous constraints mitigating against change. Massive social forces operate in such a manner as to continue and expand the arms race, indicating large scale social changes are required to stop it. A series of policy alternatives are enumerated as functional alternatives which would have fewer negative consequences while preserving our national security.

Beyond War: Empowerment For Senior Citizens In A Nuclear Age, Susan Rice

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

An educationally focused non-partisan grass roots peace movement is described, as are the empowering effects of being involved in such a group. Beginning attempts to utilize this approach with senior citizens are explored, and further experimentation is encouraged.

Transcending Despair: A Prelude To Action, Norman N. Goroff

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

The central thesis of this essay is that in order to feel empowered to work for the elimination of nuclear weapons, persons need to face and transcend their despair when they contemplate the nuclear destruction of the planet. The repression of fear of nuclear disaster results in a sense of powerlessness to do anything about the inevitable destruction and consequently nothing is done, thereby allowing the "Lovers of Death" (Fromm, 1964) to build bigger and better ways to destroy the planet.

Book Reviews, Isidor Walliman, Elizabeth D. Huttman, Shimon S. Gottschalk, Robert Sheak, Christina R. Curtiss

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

BOOK REVIEWS

• The Swiss Way of Welfare: Lessons for the Western World. Ralph Segalman. New York: Praeger, 1986, 205 pp., $39.95. - Reviewed by Isidor Walliman
• Vieillesses: Situations, Itineraires et Modes de Vie des Personnes Agees Aujourd'Hui. Christian Lalive d'Epiany (Ed.). Saint Saphorin, Switzerland: Edition Georgi, 1983. - Reviewed by Elizabeth D. Huttman with the assistance of Anna Marie Rampmaier and W and N. Weber.
• Wohlfahrtsstaat Schweiz (The Swiss Welfare State). Antonin Wagner. Bern: Paul Haupt, 1985, 248 pp., S.E 32. - Reviewed by Shimon S. Gottschalk
• The Mean Season: The Attack on the Welfare State. Fred Block, Richard A. …

Factors Involved In Battered Women's Decision To Leave Their Abusive Partners: Shelter Research In The Southeast, Mary Ellen Miles

Sociology & Criminal Justice Theses & Dissertations

This paper is an examination of some of the factors involved in battered women's decision to leave their partners. A review of past literature on battering, suggests factors that account for the women's decision: 1. the more financially dependent (whether actual or perceived) the battered woman is on the batterer, the more likely the woman will stay in the violent relationship regardless of the shelter services offered; 2. women with a teenage child or children will be more likely to leave the violent relationship than women without teenage children; 3 . women who were abused as children will be more …

The Social Class And Mental Illness Correlation: Implications Of The Research For Policy And Practice, Christopher G. Hudson

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

Ongoing efforts to unravel the causal issues involved in the correlation between socioeconomic status and mental illness suggest that the hypothesis of a recursive or interactive relationship may be the most tenable, at least with the psychoses. Implications of this research are explored, with particular attention paid to the mental health costs of economic policies, the principles with which states allocate mental health resources, and the use of this knowledge-base in service planning.

A Commentary On The Social Class And Mental Illness Correlation: Implications Of The Research For Policy And Practice, Julius A. Roth

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

This paper represents an extraordinary review of literature on the association between SES and mental illness. I think most social scientists would find it impressive. It also conveys some cogent reasoning about the relevance of these findings for social policy. I think most social workers would find it impressive.

An Analysis Of The General Well-Being Of Blacks And Whites: Results Of A National Study, Sonjia Parker Redmond

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

The importance of race as a factor in mental health status has been a topic of controversy. This study examines racial variances in the relationship between selected socio-demographic variables and general well-being. The study also examines the appropriateness of an additive versus an interactive statistical model for this investigation.

Unlike other recent community based mental health studies, this study revealed significant differences between the general well-being of Blacks and Whites. Blacks continued to exhibit significantly lower levels of well-being even after adjustments were made for income, education, marital status, sex, age and place of residence. Statistical interaction was found between …

The Relationship Between Social Work And Labor Unions: A History Of Strife And Cooperation, Shulamith Lala Ashenberg Straussner, Norma Kolko Phillips

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

The historical relationship between social work and organized labor has been an ambivalent one, with fluctuations paralleling historical changes in social and political values. This paper examines the changing nature of the relationship, with emphasis on the period from the 1870s to the 1940s. While today's relationship is a mutually beneficial one, the fragile nature of the link between organized labor and the social work community cannot be ignored, particularly in light of the increasing involvement between social work and private industry