Digital Commons Network^™

Review Of Crime And Punishment In American History. Lawrence M. Friedman. Reviewed By James Midgley, Louisiana State University, James Midgley

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

Lawrence M. Friedman. Crime and Punishment in American History. New York: Basic Books, 1993. $30 hardcover.

Review Of New Foundations For Scientific Social And Behavioral Research: The Heuristic Paradigm. Katherine Tyson. Reviewed By Gary Mathews, Western Michigan University., Gary Mathews

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

Katherine Tyson. New Foundations for Scientific Social and Behavioral Research: The Heuristic Paradigm. Boston: Allyn and Bacon, 1995. Hardcover. $48.00.

Theories Of Deviance. Stuart H. Traub And Craig B. Little.

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

Stuart H. Traub and Craig B. Little (Eds.). Theories of Deviance (Fourth edition). Itasca, IL: F. E. Peacock, 1994. $30.00 papercover.

Wheeling And Dealing: An Ethnography Of An Upper-Level Drug Dealing And Smuggling Community. Patricia A. Adler.

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

Patricia A. Adler. Wheeling and Dealing: An Ethnography of an Upper-level Drug Dealing and Smuggling Community. New York: Columbia University Press, 1993. $45.00 hardcover; $14.00 papercover.

Women, Violence And Crime Prevention. Jalna Hanmer And Sheila Saunders.

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

Jalna Hanmer and Sheila Saunders. Women, Violence and Crime Prevention. Aldershot, England: Avebury, 1993. $59.95. (Distributed in the United States by Ashgate Publishing Co., Old Post Road, Brookfield, VT 05036)

Confronting Drug Policy: Illicit Drugs In A Free Society. Ronald Bayer And Gerald M. Oppenheimer.

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

Ronald Bayer and Gerald M. Oppenheimer (Eds.). Confronting Drug Policy: Illicit Drugs in a Free Society. New York: Cambridge University Press, 1993. $59.95 hardcover; $19.95 papercover.

Contructionist Controversies. Gale Miller And James A. Holstein.

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

Gale Miller and James A. Holstein (Eds.). Constructionist Controversies. Hawthorne, NY: Aldine de Gruyter, 1993. $22.95 papercover. James A. Holstein and Gale Miller (Eds.). Reconsidering Social Constructionism. Hawthorne, NY: Aldine de gruyter, 1993. $74.95 hardcover.

Correlates And Consequences Of Early Initiation Of Sexual Intercourse, Ann L. Coker, Donna L. Richter, Robert F. Valois, Robert E. Mckeown, Carol Z. Garrison, Murray L. Vincent

CRVAW Faculty Journal Articles

This cross-sectional analysis of the 1991 CDC Youth Risk Behavior Survey explored factors associated with an early age at first sexual intercourse. Almost 18% of White males, 49% of Black males, 5% of White females and 12% of Black females were sexually active before age 13. Carrying a weapon to school, fighting, and early (< age 13) experimentation with cigarettes and alcohol were associated with early initiation of sexual activity for all four race and gender groupings. Those initiating sexual activity early had greater numbers of partners but were 50% less likely to use condoms regularly and were two-seven times more likely to have been pregnant or caused a pregnancy. Females who initiated sexual activity early were more likely to have had a sexually transmitted disease (STD). Interventions to postpone sexual activity need to be tailored to the ethnic and gender differences observed in these analyses. Interventions must begin before age 13 and should be comprehensive school-based efforts.

Getting In While The Going's Tough: Entry In Thewisconsin Farm Sector, Douglas B. Jackson-Smith

Sociology, Social Work and Anthropology Faculty Publications

In recent years, there has been growing public attention to an apparent decline in the rate at which young people have been entering the Wisconsin farm sector. Interest in farm entry arises from a public policy concern that if too few young people enter farming in the coming decade, the viability of the Wisconsin farm sector in general, and the dairy industry in particular, could be threatened. A number of public and private initiatives to assist beginning farmers have been proposed, and a few programs including subsidized loans and planning for a computerized land-link system to match entering and exiting …

Beyond Coping: An Empowerment Perspective On Stressful Life Events, Lorraine M. Gutierrez

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

Research on stressful life events has demonstrated their negative effects on health and mental health. The possibility of empowerment, how individuals can take action to change their situations, has been largely overlooked by this research. Empowerment theory and research suggest that the outcome of stressful life events can be less debilitating when individuals are encouraged to identify with similar others, to develop specific skills, to perceive the societal or institutional components of their problems, and to engage in change on a collective level. This article develops this perspective by proposing how an empowerment perspective can enhance our understanding of the …

The Greatest Of Evils: Urban Poverty And The American Underclass. Joel A. Devine And James D. Wright.

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

Joel A. Devine and James D. Wright. The Greatest of Evils: Urban Poverty and the American Underclass. Hawthorn, NY: Aldine de Gruyter, 1993. $34.95 hardcover; $17.95 papercover.

Designing Community Social Services, John O'Looney

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

The literature is reviewed on the qualities of integrated and non-integrated organizational systems. Social service delivery has changed in recent decades such that organizational strategies and structures that may have once been successful no longer appear to be so. As tasks have changed, so too have the technologies that might assist in the more effective delivery of social services. A discussion of how organizational strategies might be designed, so as to link emerging tasks requirements with the ability to effectively use existing and potential technologies, concludes the paper.

Review Of Diverging Pathways: Social Structure And Career Deflections. Alan C. Kerkckhoff. Reviewed By Karl L. Alexander, Johns Hopkins University., Karl L. Alexander

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

Alan C. Kerckhoff. Diverging Pathways: Social Structure and Career Deflections. Cambridge University Press, 1993. $49.95 hardcover.

Editorial And Remarks, Gary Matthews, Charles Guzzeta

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

No abstract provided.

Journal Of Sociology & Social Welfare Vol. 21, No. 3 (September 1994)

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

TABLE OF CONTENTS

• EDITORIAL AND REMARKS
• TWENTIETH ANNIVERSARY INVITED PAPER:... AND WE KEEP ON BUILDING PRISONS: RACISM, POVERTY, AND CHALLENGES TO THE WELFARE STATE - Paula L. Dressel
• RACIAL DIFFERENCES IN TIMING AND FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH RETIREMENT - Namkee G. Choi
• THE ELUSIVE BOUNDARIES OF SOCIAL WORK - Arnon A. Bar-On
• PUBLIC CHILD WELFARE PROFESSIONALS: THOSE WHO STAY - Rhonda Reagh
• ECONOMIC STRAIN, FAMILY STRUCTURE AND PROBLEMS WITH CHILDREN AMONG DISPLACED WORKERS - Carolyn C. Perrucci
• HOW QUALIFIED ARE SOCIAL WORK EDUCATORS? - Carol T. Tully
• DESIGNING COMMUNITY SOCIAL SERVICES - John O'Looney
• COMMODIFICATION, THE WELFARE STATE AND THE ISRAELI …

Public Child Welfare Professionals - Those Who Stay, Rhonda Reagh

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

Public child welfare workers-especially those working in the "trenches" -are the life blood of child protection. Yet, the ever present challenge is keeping committed and talented professionals in the field. This article is based on a 1990 study which examined the phenomena of staying in the field through the eyes of the professionals who have done so. The study investigated the life histories and work experiences of 18 selected child welfare workers in a mid-western state through data gathered from in-depth written and oral life histories. Findings provide insight into the world of the child welfare worker.

Economic Strain, Family Structure And Problems With Children Among Displaced Workers, Carolyn C. Perrucci

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

For a small sample of Indiana families that had recently experienced unemployment due to a plant closing, perceived economic strain was related to a larger number of academic and interpersonal problems for their oldest child at home, average age thirteen. The relationship between parental economic strain and children's difficulties lessened with the introduction into the analysis of selected parental psychological resources and coping strategies. Family structure was also related to children's problems, despite parental resources and coping strategies.

The Effect Of Corporatism On Contemporary Public Attitudes To Welfare, Michael Wearing

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

This article examines evidence for the possible link between public support for increased spending on government welfare programs and the strength of government welfare intervention in six OECD countries; Austria, Germany, Britain, the USA, Australia and Italy. Data is used from a 1985 international survey to question the congruence between the public's support for state welfare and the degree of corporatism as an indicator of state intervention in these countries. The concept of corporatism is limited to an analytic device that indicates the form of state intervention and policy making in particular historical periods and within sectors of state activity. …

Review Of Inequalities In Labor Market Areas. Joachim Singlemann And Forrest A. Deseran (Eds.). Reviewed By Wayne J. Villemez, University Of Connecticut., Wayne J. Villemez

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

Joachim Singleman and Forrest A. Deseran (Eds.) Inequalities in Labor Market Areas. Boulder, CO: Westview Press, 1993. $44.00 papercover.

Creating Social Democracy: A Century Of The Social Democratic Labor Party In Sweden. Klaus Misgeld, Karl Molin, And Klas Amark.

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

Klaus Misgeld, Karl Molin and Klas Amark (Eds.). Creating Social Democracy: A Century of the Social Democratic Labor Party in Sweden. University Park, PA: Penn State Press, 1993. $65.00 hardcover, $16.95 papercover.

Markets And Managers: New Issues In The Livery Of Welfare. Peter Taylor-Gooby And Robyn Lawson.

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

Peter Taylor-Gooby and Robyn Lawson (Eds.). Markets and Managers: New Issues in the Delivery of Welfare. Buckingham, England: Open University Press, 1993. $27.50 papercover. (Distributed in the United States by Taylor and Francis, 1900 Frost Road, Bristol, PA 19007)

Review: 'High Risk And High Stakes: Health Professionals, Politics And Policy', Patrick G. Donnelly

Sociology, Anthropology, and Social Work Faculty Publications

Many studies of the law and policy creation process examine the efforts of particular interest groups and coalitions to influence the views and votes of legislators. Wysong focuses on the role of professional associations, specifically associations of health care professionals, in the legislative debate over the High Risk Occupational Disease Notification and Prevention Act, an example of what is most commonly known as "right-to-know" legislation.

The ethical codes and service-oriented goals of professions suggest that associations of professionals might act differently than interest groups. Wysong shows that the core groups in debates over health and safety legislation recognize that their …

... And We Keep On Building Prisons: Racism, Poverty, And Challenges To The Welfare State, Paula L. Dressel

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

Prison-building is argued to be an intervention of last resort when a nation loses faith in the social welfare enterprise. Recent proposals for more punitive regulations for means-tested benefits, along with the recent dramatic growth in the construction of prisons and in the size of the inmate population, indicate that we are moving as a society toward heightened levels of scapegoating and victim-blaming as a response to troubles generated by significant structural shifts in the economy. This paper analyzes the connections between poverty, punishment, and prisons, with particular emphasis on the scapegoating of people of color. The role of racism …

Racial Differences In Timing And Factors Associated With Retirement, Namkee G. Choi

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

Utilizing data from the 1968-1987 interview waves of the Panel Studies of Income Dynamics, this paper analyzes the racial differences in timing and factors associated with the retirement of a sample of 408 male workers. The analysis of the timing of retirement shows that black males past age 60 have a lower retirement rate than white males. Multivariate logit analysis also indicates that disability is a reason for retirement of both black and white males. In addition, white males who desire for leisure and black males with lower economic status are found to be more likely to retire.

Review Of Marx Versus Markets. Stanley Moore. Reviewed By Cecil L. Eubanks, Louisiana State University., Cecil L. Eubanks

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

Stanley Moore. Marx versus Markets. University Park, PA: Penn State Press, 1993. $22.50 hardcover.

The Elusive Boundaries Of Social Work, Arnon A. Bar-On

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

Repeated attempts to conceptualize social work have assumed that social work should and can have a precisely defined domain. One suggestion is to equate social work with personal social services. This article suggests that the uniqueness of social work lies in the very absence of defined boundaries. Implications for social work practice are identified, in particular social work's heavy dependence on resource controllers, and the consequent need of social work education to shift its traditional focus from client-centered interventions to managing non-client interactions.

Survey Of Social Work Educators: Qualifications And Compliance Criteria, Carol T. Tully

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

In its Criteria for Accreditation (1987), the College Commission of the Southern Association of Colleges and Schools (SACS) implemented faculty qualifications standards that were strictly defined. Compliance with these standards in undergraduate and graduate schools of social work was the focus of this study. Data were gathered on 137 social work programs and include faculty qualifications information on 874 social work educators teaching in private and public institutions of higher education in the southern region. The findings indicate that baccalaureate programs in social work were more likely to be in compliance with SACS criteria than graduate schools. Strict compliance rates …

Commodification, The Welfare State And Israeli Kibbutz, John Gal

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

The notion of commodification refers to the degree to which the individual is dependent upon the market for the satisfaction of his economic and social needs. The welfare state has been described as having a decommodifying influence in that it provides the individual with the means to maintain a reasonable standard of living while not working. An examination of the Israeli Kibbutz is undertaken in order to understand the workings of an extreme case of decommodification. In Kibbutzim, there exists a very highly developed system of welfare services that arc determined by individual needs and not by individual earning power. …

From Entitlement To Contract: Reshaping The Welfare State In Australia, Richard Weatherley

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

Australia has sought to contain social welfare expenditures through more stringent targeting of benefits, increased scrutiny of applicants, and by requiring more vigorous job search and training activities. The changes implemented since the Labor Party assumed office in 1983 represent the most sweeping restructuring of the Australian welfare state in 50 years. They mark a shift from an individualistic, rights-based view of welfare state entitlements to one stressing reciprocal obligations. This article examines the origin and implications of this reshaping of Australia's welfare state programs. It considers the dilemmas of enforcing workrelated obligations and other compliance measures in an era …

Review Of The Economics Of The Welfare State. Nicholas Barr And The Welfare State. Assar Lundbeck. Reviewed By Henry J. D'Souza, University Of Nebraska At Omaha., Henry J. D'Souza

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

Nicholas Barr. The Economics of the Welfare State. Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press, 1993. $59.50 Hardcover, $18.95 papercover.