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Tanf Policy Implementation: The Invisible Barrier, Roberta Rehner Iversen

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

Barriers to participation in welfare-to-work programs are generally described in terms of human and social capital. Findings from case examination of four Philadelphia-areaw elfare-to-work programs under TANF suggest that theory about policy implementation is more applicable. Faulty policy logic, organizational and personnel incompetence, and inadequate coordination between and within funding, referral, program, and employer organizations regularly resulted in delayed program start-ups and strained program operations. Generally invisible and absent from research attention, these implementation delays and strains impeded program staff efforts and harmed TANF recipients. States' 24-month time limit policies are a critical target for advocacy efforts.

Exploitation-The Invisible Hand Guided By A Blind Eye: Confronting A Flaw In Economic Theory, Phillip Dybicz

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

Economics is alone among the social science disciplines in failing to have a sound theory to explain behaviors when people do not act according to their self-interest, that is, with compassion. This has resulted in a fundamental flaw in economic thought. As economies have grown in scale and complexity, there has been a corresponding distancing between consumers and producers. This flaw has revealed itself through a lack of economic structures which bridge this distance, restore a level of intimacy within the economic interaction, and hence facilitate the expression of compassion.

Do Inner-City, African-American Males Exhibit "Bad Attitudes" Toward Work?, Jill Littrell, Elizabeth Beck

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

Many potential employers of inner-city African-American men believe that African-American men have poor work attitudes. The investigations reported here attempted to evaluate the veridicality of this assumption. The responses of African-American men who utilize a soup-kitchen were compared with college men on a variety of attitude measures, as well as on their reactions to a scenario about a man who worked for an unfair boss and quit in response. Generally, little support for the view that innercity, African-Americans men have a predilection to presume prejudice or unfairness, or to render a favorable evaluation of quitting under unfair conditions, was found.

Racial And Gender Variations In The Process Shaping Earnings' Potential: The Consequences Of Poverty In Early Adulthood, C. Andri Mizell

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

This research investigates the effects of poverty in early adulthood on future earnings. While social scientists are beginning to amass a considerable literature on the effects of poverty on outcomes for children, few have investigated the damage that impoverishment may do in early adulthood when individuals are in the midst of completing education and planning careers. The findings in this study indicate that poverty does dampen earnings' potential. However, individual characteristics (e.g., aspirations, esteem and ability) and structural location (e.g., educational attainment, occupational status and job tenure) may assuage the otherwise negative effects of poverty. Other findings reveal that the …

The Impact Of Education And Family Attributes On Attitudes And Responses To Unemployment Among Men And Women, Liat Kulik

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

The study deals with differences between jobless Israeli women (n = 361) and men (n = 253) in relation to the following aspects of unemployment: Reasons for rejecting potential jobs, job search intensity, and responses to unemployment. The women mentioned more reasons for rejecting potential jobs, and their health-related responses to unemployment were more extreme than those of the men. However, the men tended to seekemployment more intensively than did the women.

Married respondents of both sexes showed the greatest tendency to reject potential employment due to conflict with family responsibilities. Married women were also more likely than their male …

Journal Of Sociology & Social Welfare Vol. 27, No. 2 (June 2000)

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

TABLE OF CONTENTS

• DO INNER-CITY, AFRICAN-AMERICAN MALES EXHIBIT "BAD ATTITUDES" TOWARD WORK? - Jill Littrell & Elizabeth Beck
• EXPLOITATION-THE INVISIBLE HAND GUIDED BY A BLIND EYE: CONFRONTING A FLAW IN ECONOMIC THEORY - Phillip Dybicz
• WORK AND ECONOMIC OUTCOMES AFTER WELFARE - Thomas P. Vartanian & Justine M. McNamara
• THE SPATIAL SHIFT IN THE GROWTH OF POVERTY AMONG FAMILIES HEADED BY EMPLOYED FEMALES, 1979-89 - W. Richard Goe & Anisa Rhea
• CONFLICTING BUREAUCRACIES, CONFLICTED WORK: DILEMMAS IN CASE MANAGEMENT FOR HOMELESS PEOPLE WITH MENTAL ILLNESS - Linda E. Francis
• RACIAL AND GENDER VARIATIONS IN THE PROCESS SHAPING EARNINGS' POTENTIAL: THE …

Conflicting Bureaucracies, Conflicted Work: Dilemmas In Case Management For Homeless People With Mental Illness, Linda E. Francis

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

This ethnographic study finds a case management agency torn between the rules of two conflicting bureaucracies. Funded by a federal grant, the agency is administered by the county, and the regulations of the two systems turn out to be incompatible. This conflict creates dilemmas in providing services to clients: meeting eligibility criteria for services from the federal grant meant the clients did not meet the eligibility criteria for many County services. Agency staff reacted to this dilemma by bending rules, finding loopholes, and investing extra time and emotional labor in each client. The role-conflict engendered by bureaucratic disjunction creates frustration, …

Social Workers And Battered Women: A Study Of Professional Beliefs, Timothy Moe

Theses and Graduate Projects

This quantitative study explored the beliefs of child protection social workers in regard to battered women and domestic violence. A self-administered, mailed survey was used to gather information on some of the key beliefs that have been identified in the literature. In general, prior studies show that social workers stereotype battered women and respond to their needs in a manner that is insensitive or inappropriate.

Surveys were mailed to all 68 child protection workers in the North Central Region of Wisconsin. The region is composed of 15 counties; each county employs social workers who perform child protection duties. Forty-six surveys …

Prevalence Of Physical And Psychological Abuse In Adolescent Dating Relationships In A Suburban High School, Stacy L. Johnson

Theses and Graduate Projects

The purpose of this study is to measure the prevalence of violence in dating relationships in a suburban high school. Although dating violence is commonly considered male to female aggression, the research reviewed in this study indicates that girls are perpetrators more often than boys are. The Revised Conflict Tactics Scale was administered to tenth and twelfth grade students at a suburban high school. There were 126 surveys distributed and 12 were returned. The findings show that 84% of the students admitted to at least one violent incident with their dating partner in the past year. The results of this …

A Historical Comparison Of Treatment Between Male And Female Sex Offenders In The Correctional System, Weida Y. Allen

Theses and Graduate Projects

The purpose of the historical research study is to explore the correctional system's rehabilitation and treatment perspective for both male and female sex offenders. Treatment has been deemed essential for all offenders; while it might not mean a cure, it does give offenders some tools to prevent further offenses.

Literature emphasizes the importance of treatment and rehabilitation for the sex offender. Historically, the female offender has been ignored in the area of treatment and rehabilitation. Sexual offenses are generally perceived as a male phenomenon.

This tidy will give an in-depth view of treatment process and the research on the effectiveness …

Home Of The Shepherd: A Study Of Past Program Participants' Experience Of Organizational Values, Cynthia J. Foster

Theses and Graduate Projects

This study examined value congruency within an organization as experienced by clients as a measure of organizational effectiveness. Twenty-six females, all of whom were past program participants, were involved in the study. Study participants completed a self-administered questionnaire devised to elicit perceptions of their experience of the organization's values. Study participants had departed from the organization at least six months or longer prior to the study. Findings suggest that the values of the organization were evident in the services clients received. The clients' experience of the organizational values also had a positive effect on the clients' ability to accomplish their …

The Experience Of Recovery From The Perspective Of Chemically Dependent Women: A Qualitative Study, Heidi Kammer Jensen

Theses and Graduate Projects

Research on the experience of chemically dependent women has evolved over the past two decades. This qualitative study contributes to the increasing research on women's issues by exploring the experience and meaning of recovery for women. An interview guide was used to conduct in-depth interviews with six women about their meanings of recovery and motivation for seeking and maintaining recovery Content analysis was used to find common themes of the recovering experience. Results of the study concluded that recovery for a women is not only sobriety, but also includes change and self-discovery. Findings displayed themes of insight and pain as …

A Study Of Perceived Barriers Of Minnesota Family Investment Program Participants In Moving From Welfare To Work: An Analysis Of Three Perspectives, Patrick J. Pischke

Theses and Graduate Projects

The past decade of welfare reform emphasized moving welfare recipients from public assistance towards economic self-sufficiency through employment. This exploratory quantitative study compared perceived barriers,welfare recipients face when seeking employment through the perspectives of the welfare participants (n=265), county financial supervisors (n=74), and employment service supervisors (n=56). The study used secondary data from three rural studies conducted by the Minnesota Department of Human Services. A comparative analysis was completed using a triangulation method of the most perceived barriers to employment. A theoretical analysis which utilized the general systems theory and eco-systems perspective was also completed. The findings revealed that the …

Restorative Services: Inventory Of Minnesota's Restorative Services And An Examination Of Integration Of Restorative Philosophy In Service Providers' Policies And Procedures, Deanna L. Mundt Steckman

Theses and Graduate Projects

Restorative services are offered in various settings where harm has occurred and, it has been unclear what is available in Minnesota. Minnesota, as a national leader in restorative justice, has been unable to compile a comprehensive list of restorative service providers until now. An open- and closed-ended questionnaire was sent to potential Minnesota restorative service providers. The intent was to determine what types of restorative services and models are practiced by what types of agencies, where services are provided, and to examine to what extent restorative philosophy values are integrated into agency policies. Various univariate and bivariate analysis were utilized. …

Policy Analysis Of Minnesota's Department Of Children, Families, And Learning Violence Prevention Plan, Todd S. Harvey

Theses and Graduate Projects

School violence has received major publicity in recent years due to several violent and premeditated school shootings that received national attention. Gallup polls have indicated over the past three years that school violence is the top concern of parents, resulting in increased public pressure upon school administrators and legislators to develop effective school violence prevention policy. This study examined the Minnesota Department of Children Families and Learning (CFL) official violence prevention plan entitled Unlearning Violence. The analysis compared Minnesota's plan with elements identified in the literature as critical and necessary to prevent violence. The results of the analysis found that …

The Role Of The School Social Worker With English Language Learner Students In Suburban Elementary Schools, Pamela Sue Storry

Theses and Graduate Projects

This descriptive study explores the role of the school social worker with English Language Learner (ELL) students in suburban elementary schools. It has become increasingly more common for classrooms to have students who do not speak English and spend part of their school day in an English Language Learner class. The purpose of the study is to provide information and awareness of immigrant issues to school districts, social workers and teachers. Three school districts with similar demographics, northwest suburbs of a metropolitan area, participated in the study. A survey that included both quantitative and qualitative questions, focused on the role …

Environmental Factors That Affect Juvenile Delinquency, Helen Marie Lewis

Theses and Graduate Projects

This qualitative study explored the environmental factors that affect juvenile delinquency. One of the most important family life factor that places children at risk for delinquency is inadequate supervision. Findings suggest that there is a strong commonality between truancy and corrections. Five Juvenile Probation Officers and five Children and Family Social Workers were interviewed using open-ended questions. The interviews focused on the services provided to the adolescents and their families by each professional. Results indicate the importance of prevention and intervention at the micro and macro level. Implications for social work practice is also discussed.

Rural Pregnant And/Or Parenting Teenagers And Their Informal Support Systems, Rhonda Burns

Theses and Graduate Projects

Pregnant and/or parenting teenagers are influenced by education level, socioeconomic status and social support systems. Numerous studies of urban pregnant and/or parenting teenagers have examined the formal support systems and their efficacy. Few researchers have examined rural pregnant and/or parenting teenagers and their informal support systems. This quantitative study surveyed 37 pregnant and/or parenting teenagers receiving case management services through Kandiyohi County Family Services, resulting in 7 respondents. The research questions included:

1. What are the perceptions and of rural Kandiyohi County pregnant and/or parenting teenagers regarding their informal support systems?
2. What are their interpretations of the support being offered?
3. Do …

Parent/Caregiver Satisfaction With A Youth Diabetes Climc In A Rural Setting, Donald E. Holland

Theses and Graduate Projects

Studies have shown that a valuable source of information for people who have diabetes and who live in an urban area can be a multi-disciplinary diabetes clinic. This study examined the perceived benefit of such a clinic for the parents/caregivers of children diagnosed with Type-1 diabetes. Using a questionnaire, 112 parents/caregivers of children with diabetes were surveyed; 51 returned the surveys within the time alloffed, and these were used in the analysis. These children and the parents/caregivers were served by a multi-disciplinary diabetes clinic located in the rural Minnesota town of Willmar. Their rcsponses were recorded and analyzed, and showed …

An Evaluation Of The "Freshman Academy's" Programs Effectiveness To Provide A Smaller Community Environment, Dru Kneeland

Theses and Graduate Projects

Large schools of 1000 + students have become very prevalent. Studies have shown, however, that small size and tight-knit structured learning communities allow the school to give increased amounts of attention to students (Cotton, 1996). In larges chools, a sense of anonymity prevails causing students to feel disconnected and without roots, sometimes leading to frustration, anger and rage. As the last few years have shown, the results are violence, anti-social behavior and other serious violations of community rules. Research has shown that small schools have a better chance of meeting the needs of these disenfranchised adolescents by giving them roots …

Is Mother Loss Curriculum Effective In Promoting A Healthy Grieving Process?, Patricia A. Hill

Theses and Graduate Projects

The death of a mother for a daughter carries certain effects that are different than those experienced with the death of a father or another loved one. This practice evaluation was initiated to study the effectiveness of the curriculum in promoting a healthy grieving process. Current literature is minimal in regards to the impact of mother loss on adult daughters as well as methods in which to assist adult daughters through the grief process. The research design and method included a grief/depression self test which was administered as a pre/post-test and eight weekly evaluations. Both were quantitative although the evaluations …

A Hermeneutic Experience Of Social Workers With Dying Prisoners, Ted R. Page

Theses and Graduate Projects

This hermeneutic qualitative study sought to discover the effectiveness of social work practice with dying male prisoners. An in depth interview was conducted of two male social workers who have worked with dying male prisoners. Hermeneutics is an interpretative approach to understanding the world around us through the narratives of the participant, in this study the social worker's narrative. This study attempted to catch a glimpse into the world of social workers as they practice their craft with dying prisoners. One social worker went into the prison to serve the dying prisoner, the other social worker helped early released dying …

A Descriptive Study Of Accessibility To Mobile Crisis Services, Joni M. Heine

Theses and Graduate Projects

Mobile crisis services are seen as a secondary modality in provision of health care services. Past research indicated a lack of integration into the health care system and funding as obstructions. Accessing these services is limited to law enforcement, jails, emergency rooms, crisis line phone contacts, and providers. This research explored a mobile crisis service from greater Minnesota as a primary modality in health care services by examining who was accessing the service, voluntary or non-voluntary individuals in relation to hospitalization, and follow up and does this relationship vary by gender, utilizing the chi-square statistical test. Hospitalization and follow up …

Political Involvement And Noninvolvement Of Social Work Practitioners, Thomas A. Skarohlid

Theses and Graduate Projects

This exploratory study interviewed 8 social work practitioners from a nonprobability convenience sample in the public and private sector, using a one-to-one semi-structured interview guide. Content analysis of interview transcripts identified major themes in the perceptions of social workers involvement or noninvolvement in political activity. Findings suggest that social work practitioners are involved in advocacy activity at both the micro and macro levels. There were differences in personal resources and interests of social work practitioners, that influenced political involvement or noninvolvement in both the public and private sector. The expansion of advocacy beyond casework to the broader aspects of macro …

Methamphetamine Treatment: A Hermeneutic Study, Sandra S. Hamann

Theses and Graduate Projects

This hermeneutic study examines and compares the life experiences of three methamphetamine users who have been in chemical dependency treatment for their methamphetamine use. Findings of this researcher indicate that cognitive behavioral practice models have the best results when working with chemical users. There are few chemical dependency treatment programs which address methamphetamine users as needing different treatment approaches than other chemical users. Research indicates that those chemical dependency programs that address the multiple needs of the methamphetamine users and not just their drug use have the best results with helping them maintain long-term recovery from their chemical use. The …

From A Father's Point Of View: A Hermeneutic Study Of Non-Custodial Fathers And The Contributions That They Make To Their Children's Lives, Susan Pohl

Theses and Graduate Projects

This research is a hermeneutic study of three non-custodial fathers and contributions that they make to their children's lives. The literature review explores how children benefit from the presence of their fathers in their lives. The hermeneutic design was used asking the question, "What do you believe are the contributions that you make to your child's life?" The findings reveal that the fathers believe that they are contributing to their children's cognitive development, the development of humor, educational support, social emotional development, and identity. Implications for social work practice and programming are discussed.

Forgiveness And The Post-Abortive Woman: Achieving Self-Forgiveness, Amy M. Peck

Masters Theses

Concepts of forgiveness explore the sum of the parts of any individual within any context or belief system an individual is a part of. The sum of these parts involve forgiveness within the context of an entire person, empathy being at the heart of forgiveness, forgiveness as a relationship and forgiveness being that of a personal commitment. Forgiveness is an art within the process toward emotional maturity and is a part of any aspect of the human experience toward achieving self-acceptance. Applications of forgiveness are therapeutic and can be a way in which personal healing can take place. In addition, …

An Evaluation Of Transitional Services - A Program For Youth With Aggressive Episodes, Lyla Peterson

Theses and Graduate Projects

Youth who display aggressive tendencies has been a domain of

increasing interest in the arena of social work. This

qualitative program evaluation examined if Transitional

Services was viewed as helpful in reducing the clients'

aggressive episodes while participating in the program, This

study also investigated Anoka County's Transitional Services and

its mission to promote a smoother transition from a restrictive

out-of-home placement back into the clients home environment.

Five social workers completed a qualitative questionnaire that

focused on the program's services for its assistance in

lessening youth aggression, and factors pertaining to family

reunification. The outcomes are based on common …

Fathers' Lived Experiences Of Perinatal Loss: A Hermeneutic Study, Leann R. Nelson

Theses and Graduate Projects

Despite a growing body of perinatal loss research since 1970, the lived experiences of fathers bereaved by perinatal death are virtually unexamined. This interpretive study presents shared meanings and common themes uncovered, using hermeneutic research methodology, in the transcribed texts of in-depth interviews with three bereaved fathers. The fathers' narratives revealed how they lived with two abiding philosophical questions--"Why us?" and "What if?"--during and for a long time after the actual loss experience. Fathers' cultural understanding of life and death as a natural progression was undermined by their loss experience, leaving them with an understanding of the tentativeness of life …

Substance Dependent Women And Family Support, Christina Marie Decker

Theses and Graduate Projects

This hermeneutic study was undertaken to discover the lived experience of two substance dependent women with family support. This study attempted to capture the experience of two women and show how this experience affected their recoveries. The use of the hermeneutic research method allowed the researcher to engage in a process with the participants, both shaping and being shaped by the experience. The women's experiences were interpreted around the theme of connection. This involved a fluid process by which the women disconnected from original family, connected with other supports and then reconnected with original family in their new role as …