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El-Munṭar El-Abyad: A Middle Bronze Age Iib Village And A Persian- And Roman-Period Cemetery Near Bet She’An (With A Contribution By Samuel R. Wolff) (Pp. 1–112), Walid Atrash, Amir Golani Jan 2025

El-Munṭar El-Abyad: A Middle Bronze Age Iib Village And A Persian- And Roman-Period Cemetery Near Bet She’An (With A Contribution By Samuel R. Wolff) (Pp. 1–112), Walid Atrash, Amir Golani

'Atiqot

Excavations at el-Munṭar el-Abyad uncovered several buildings of a one-period settlement dating to Middle Bronze Age IIB (mid-seventeenth century BCE), a burial ground dating to the Persian period (fifth century BCE) and several stone sarcophagi from the Roman period (third century CE). The rural character of the MB IIB site is attested by the architectural finds, the ṭabuns, the infant burials below the floors, and the ceramic and ground stone assemblages, as well as by the lack of luxury or prestige items. The MB II rural occupation, located in the immediate region of Tel Bet She’an, seems to have been …


The Shells From The Chalcolithic Cemetery At Palmaḥim (North) (Pp. 103–104), Inbar Ktalav Jan 2025

The Shells From The Chalcolithic Cemetery At Palmaḥim (North) (Pp. 103–104), Inbar Ktalav

'Atiqot

Only four shells were retrieved from the Chalcolithic cemetery north of Kibbutz Palmaḥim. All of them, three gastropods and one bivalve, originated in the Mediterranean Sea. This short report attempts to place them in their context and analyze their significance to the Chalcolithic people.


The Human Remains From The Chalcolithic Cemetery At Palmaḥim (North) (Pp. 95–96), Yossi Nagar Jan 2025

The Human Remains From The Chalcolithic Cemetery At Palmaḥim (North) (Pp. 95–96), Yossi Nagar

'Atiqot

A few of the burial jars, kurkar ossuaries and chain-type burial cells in the Chalcolithic cemetery at Palmaḥim (North) included fragmentary human skeletal remains. The bones represent at least 14 individuals, none of which are children, as is characteristic of Chalcolithic cemetery populations.


The Chalcolithic Cemetery At Palmaḥim (North): New Evidence Of Burial Patterns From The Central Coastal Plain (Pp. 1–94), Amir Gorzalczany Jan 2025

The Chalcolithic Cemetery At Palmaḥim (North): New Evidence Of Burial Patterns From The Central Coastal Plain (Pp. 1–94), Amir Gorzalczany

'Atiqot

Palmaḥim (North) is a large Chalcolithic burial and cult site of a type previously unknown in the central coastal plain of Israel. The well-planned cemetery comprises circular or rectangular single-chamber burial structures, built upon or hewn into the kurkar bedrock. Within the burial structures, secondary interments were made in a variety of receptacles, including small cists, chain-burial cells, stone and clay ossuaries, and burial jars. Most of the tombs had rectangular, trapezoidal or ovoid orthostats attached to one of their sides within a recess. The pottery assemblage is small, consisting mainly of simple types very common in the Ghassulian Chalcolithic …


The Chalcolithic And Early Bronze Age Ib Site Of Beqo‘A (Pp. 9–54), Amir Golani, Benyamin Storchan, Anna Eirikh-Rose Jan 2025

The Chalcolithic And Early Bronze Age Ib Site Of Beqo‘A (Pp. 9–54), Amir Golani, Benyamin Storchan, Anna Eirikh-Rose

'Atiqot

Rescue excavations carried out near Moshav Beqo‘a revealed a proto-historic site with remains from two major occupation periods: the Chalcolithic and Early Bronze Age. Stratum III dates from the Ghassulian phase of the Chalcolithic period, and the two subsequent Strata II–I date from late EB I. The primary feature exposed in Stratum II is a building with rounded corners and an adjacent circular structure, perhaps a granary.


An Excavation Near A Pre-Pottery Neolithic A Flint Quarry Onkaizer Hill, Modi‘In (Pp. 1–8), Polina Spivak Jan 2025

An Excavation Near A Pre-Pottery Neolithic A Flint Quarry Onkaizer Hill, Modi‘In (Pp. 1–8), Polina Spivak

'Atiqot

A trial excavation conducted on the eastern slope of Kaizer Hill, Modi‘in, uncovered anthropogenic bedrock markings, possibly related to flint quarrying activity, and a Pre-Pottery Neolithic A (PPNA) flint industry. Four natural rock steps of limestone bedrock were exposed, and flint items were systematically collected. On the surface and edges of the rock steps, dense concentrations of bedrock cupmarks were documented, probably the result of the extraction of flint nodules.


The Archaeozoology Of Bronze Age Offerings From Burial Cave 900 In Naḥal Refa’Im, Jerusalem (Pp. 75–100), Liora Kolska Horwitz Jan 2025

The Archaeozoology Of Bronze Age Offerings From Burial Cave 900 In Naḥal Refa’Im, Jerusalem (Pp. 75–100), Liora Kolska Horwitz

'Atiqot

The animal remains recovered during the salvage excavations in Cave 900 were interspersed among human skeletal remains, ceramics, weapons and ornaments. It is apparent that the faunal remains represent exclusively domestic sheep (Ovis aries) and goat (Capra hircus) that were slaughtered as part of Bronze Age mortuary rituals. This assemblage provides additional evidence for the widespread nature of the funeral feast in both the Intermediate Bronze Age and Middle Bronze Age IIB.


The Anthropological Remains From Burial Cave 900 In Naḥal Refa’Im, Jerusalem (Pp. 73–74), Yossi Nagar Jan 2025

The Anthropological Remains From Burial Cave 900 In Naḥal Refa’Im, Jerusalem (Pp. 73–74), Yossi Nagar

'Atiqot

Human skeletal remains dating to the Intermediate Bronze Age and Middle Bronze Age II were exposed in Burial Cave 900. The MB II burials were found in two superposed levels. Despite the fragmentary nature of the bones, children and adults of both sexes were identified.


Intermediate And Middle Bronze Age Burial Cave 900 In Naḥal Refa’Im, Jerusalem (Pp. 17–32), Shlomit Weksler-Bdolah Jan 2025

Intermediate And Middle Bronze Age Burial Cave 900 In Naḥal Refa’Im, Jerusalem (Pp. 17–32), Shlomit Weksler-Bdolah

'Atiqot

Burial Cave 900 in Naḥal Refa’im, Jerusalem, exposed two main burial phases: the early phase dated to the Intermediate Bronze Age and the later, to Middle Bronze Age II. The finds from the Intermediate Bronze Age layer included the bones of a single individual and several pottery vessels. Above this layer were two MB II burial levels: the early level included the remains of 12 individuals, attesting to a multiple burial, and the later level comprised seven burial groups, each representing the secondary burial of one individual and his personal items, as well as animal bones.


Front Matter, Editorial Board Jan 2025

Front Matter, Editorial Board

'Atiqot

No abstract provided.


A Chalcolithic Settlement At Tel Shevaʻ (Hebrew, Pp. 43*–69*; English Summary, P. 106), Yael Abadi-Reiss Jan 2025

A Chalcolithic Settlement At Tel Shevaʻ (Hebrew, Pp. 43*–69*; English Summary, P. 106), Yael Abadi-Reiss

'Atiqot

Salvage excavations at Tel Shevaʻ uncovered the remains of a Chalcolithic-period settlement. The architectural remains consisted mainly of pits of different sizes and types, which were dug into the loess soil; they served as refuse pits in their final stage of use. The fill within the pits comprised soil and ash accumulations, mixed with potsherds, flints and animal bones, reflecting a broad range of domestic activities that had once been carried out on surface level. The site appears to have been the largest of the Ghassulian-culture sites in the Be’er Shevaʻ Valley.


Local Glass Production In The Late Roman–Early Byzantine Periods In Light Of The Glass Finds From Khirbat El-Ni‘Ana (Pp. 73–154), Yael Gorin-Rosen, Natalya Katsnelson Jan 2025

Local Glass Production In The Late Roman–Early Byzantine Periods In Light Of The Glass Finds From Khirbat El-Ni‘Ana (Pp. 73–154), Yael Gorin-Rosen, Natalya Katsnelson

'Atiqot

Excavations at Khirbat el-Ni‘ana uncovered large quantities of glass vessels in a fairly good state of preservation and remains of production debris. The number of vessels, the various shapes and the quality of their fabric suggest that they are the products of a local workshop. Some of the vessel types were widespread throughout the Mediterranean Basin during the fourth–fifth centuries CE and were produced in many local workshops; thus, they are considered a widespread trend. Other vessel types appear mostly in sites in Israel and are less frequent in neighboring countries. They are absent from European assemblages.


Intellectual Virtues For Research - Integrating Faith And Scholarship, William Coberly Jan 2025

Intellectual Virtues For Research - Integrating Faith And Scholarship, William Coberly

Faculty Publications and Presentations

No abstract provided.


A Mamluk-Period Settlement And Cemetery At Ge’Alya, Near Yavne (Pp. 69–110), Amir Gorzalczany Jan 2025

A Mamluk-Period Settlement And Cemetery At Ge’Alya, Near Yavne (Pp. 69–110), Amir Gorzalczany

'Atiqot

Excavations east of Moshav Ge’alya uncovered a cemetery and a habitation site dating to the Mamluk period. Within the cemetery, four types of burial tombs, oriented in a general west–east axis with the deceased facing Mecca, were found. These were individual cist burials, which were covered with ceramic vessels that were used in place of covering slabs. The covering vessels belong to three well-known, Mamluk-period ceramic types (mid-thirteenth–early sixteenth centuries CE): bag-shaped jars, water lifting devices (antiliya) and beehive containers. Other finds include meager glass finds, coins, iron horseshoes, square-sectioned iron nails, a bronze arrowhead, jewelry, spatulas, a buckle and …


An Intermediate Bronze Age Cemetery At Qanat El-Ja‘’Ar, Near ‘En Ha-Naziv (Hebrew, Pp. 57*–86*; English Summary, P. 108), Zach Horowitz Jan 2025

An Intermediate Bronze Age Cemetery At Qanat El-Ja‘’Ar, Near ‘En Ha-Naziv (Hebrew, Pp. 57*–86*; English Summary, P. 108), Zach Horowitz

'Atiqot

Excavations at Qanat el-Ja‘’ar revealed four rock-hewn caves dating to the Intermediate Bronze Age. The tombs had a vertical shaft, circular or square, at the bottom of which was a rectangular or trapezoidal passage that led to a burial chamber. A stone blocked the opening between the passage and the tomb chamber. The accompanying burial goods included large quantities of pottery vessels, including unique forms, such as three-nozzled lamps. Most of the pottery vessels were decorated with red paint and applied plastic decoration. Burial goods also included a stone pebble anthropomorphic figurine of a woman, a stone bead and metal …


Anthropological Remains From The Cemetery At Qanat El-Ja‘’Ar (Hebrew, Pp. 87*–89*; English Summary, P. 109), Yossi Nagar Jan 2025

Anthropological Remains From The Cemetery At Qanat El-Ja‘’Ar (Hebrew, Pp. 87*–89*; English Summary, P. 109), Yossi Nagar

'Atiqot

Human skeletal remains were found in three burial caves dated to the Intermediate Bronze Age. It was possible to determine the practice of primary burial in a flexed posture and diverse orientation. The skeletal remains represent at least 14 individuals, one of them an infant. It is noteworthy that the burial of several individuals is uncommon during the Intermediate Bronze Age, during which singular burials were the norm.


Remains Of The Wadi Rabah Culture And The Early Bronze Age Ia–B At ‘En Esur (‘Ein Assawir), Area I (With A Contribution By Yossi Nagar) (Hebrew, Pp. 1*–21*; English Summary, P. 103), Eli Yannai Jan 2025

Remains Of The Wadi Rabah Culture And The Early Bronze Age Ia–B At ‘En Esur (‘Ein Assawir), Area I (With A Contribution By Yossi Nagar) (Hebrew, Pp. 1*–21*; English Summary, P. 103), Eli Yannai

'Atiqot

Four squares (B–C/3–4) were opened in a salvage excavation at ‘En Esur Area I, exposing eight settlement strata. Stratum VIII, dating to the fifth millennium BCE (Wadi Rabah culture) yielded a few fragments of bow-rim jars, grooved potsherds, sherds with rope and painted decorations and a single fragment of a DFBW vessel. Two strata (VII–VI) date from Early Bronze Age IA; the finds include the stone foundation of a rounded building and an early type of gray bowl. Strata V–II, dating to Early Bronze Age IB, include stone foundations of round dwellings. A decorated jar containing an infant burial was …


A Burial Cave From The Second–First Centuries Bce Near ‘En Gedi (With A Contribution By Yossi Nagar)(Hebrew, Pp. 65*–78*; English Summary, Pp. 126–127), Amir Ganor, Sa'ar Ganor Jan 2025

A Burial Cave From The Second–First Centuries Bce Near ‘En Gedi (With A Contribution By Yossi Nagar)(Hebrew, Pp. 65*–78*; English Summary, Pp. 126–127), Amir Ganor, Sa'ar Ganor

'Atiqot

The cave was hewn in a cliff; it has a roughly square plan. A corridor leads to three hewn steps with a standing pit at the bottom. Wide benches, on three sides of the standing pit, were used to place the deceased and their funerary offerings. An ossuary with a lid and four legs, was found, decorated with incised motifs. The cave yielded skeletal remains belonging to 13 individuals and pottery dated to the second–first centuries BCE. A few bronze artifacts were also recovered: a ladle, small bottles, kohl sticks and amulets. The cave appears to have been a family …


The Agricultural Landscape Of The ‘Zippor Compound’ In Modi‘In (Hebrew, Pp. 25*–60*; English Summary, Pp. 123–124), Uzi Ad Jan 2025

The Agricultural Landscape Of The ‘Zippor Compound’ In Modi‘In (Hebrew, Pp. 25*–60*; English Summary, Pp. 123–124), Uzi Ad

'Atiqot

Three excavation areas were opened, exposing terraces, enclosure walls, dams, stone-clearance heaps, cairns, watchman’s booths, roads, winepresses, fence walls, caves or rock shelters, limekilns, cup marks and cisterns. The excavation recovered very little pottery. The site probably began to be intensively farmed in the Iron Age and Persian period. It reached its peak in the Late Hellenistic–Early Roman periods, when almost all the features in the compound were in use. A limited activity in the compound took place during the Byzantine period, continuing into the Early Islamic period.


Human Skeletal Remains From A Cistern At Tel Hadid (El-Haditha) (Hebrew, P. 23*–24*; English Summary, P. 122), Yossi Nagar Jan 2025

Human Skeletal Remains From A Cistern At Tel Hadid (El-Haditha) (Hebrew, P. 23*–24*; English Summary, P. 122), Yossi Nagar

'Atiqot

Human skeletal remains were found in a Byzantine water cistern at Tel Hadid. The scattered bones were mixed with grave goods dated to the Late Bronze Age, probably the result of the clearance of adjacent graves. The bones were in a very poor state of preservation, and included mostly teeth. The bones from Tel Hadid represent at least 20 individuals, including infants, children, sub-adults and adults, typical of a regular historic cemetery population.


A Late Bronze Age Pottery Assemblage From Tel Hadid (El-Haditha) (Hebrew, Pp. 13*–22*; English Summary, P. 121), Alla Nagorsky, Eli Yannai Israel Antiquities Authority Jan 2025

A Late Bronze Age Pottery Assemblage From Tel Hadid (El-Haditha) (Hebrew, Pp. 13*–22*; English Summary, P. 121), Alla Nagorsky, Eli Yannai Israel Antiquities Authority

'Atiqot

A salvage excavation on the southwestern face of Tel Hadid reached the bottom of a water cistern. The cistern’s ceiling probably collapsed in antiquity, sealing its contents. The fill contained a large quantity of human skeletal remains and pottery from the end of the Late Bronze Age (thirteenth–twelfth centuries BCE), suggesting that the assemblage originated in an adjacent cave.


A Burial Cave From The Intermediate Bronze Age And The Middle Bronze Age West Of Tel Hazor (Hebrew, Pp. 1*–11*; English Summary, Pp. 119–120), Nimrod Getzov Jan 2025

A Burial Cave From The Intermediate Bronze Age And The Middle Bronze Age West Of Tel Hazor (Hebrew, Pp. 1*–11*; English Summary, Pp. 119–120), Nimrod Getzov

'Atiqot

The burial cave was hewn into the side of a chalk spur southwest of the large rampart in the Lower City of Hazor. The entry to the cave was via a square shaft, at the bottom of which was an opening that led into a rectangular chamber, followed by another, elliptically-shaped chamber with a central stone platform. The two chambers yielded skeletal remains of at least seven children and adults, as well as potsherds and limestone beads from the Intermediate Bronze Age, and an intact jar and a jug from early in the Middle Bronze Age. It seems that the …


The Skeletal Remains From Khirbat Umm Leisun, Jerusalem (Pp. 205–208), Yossi Nagar Jan 2025

The Skeletal Remains From Khirbat Umm Leisun, Jerusalem (Pp. 205–208), Yossi Nagar

'Atiqot

No abstract provided.


Bishop Iohane From Khirbat Umm Leisun And The Caucasian Albanian Church (Pp. 195–197), Yana Tchekhanovets Jan 2025

Bishop Iohane From Khirbat Umm Leisun And The Caucasian Albanian Church (Pp. 195–197), Yana Tchekhanovets

'Atiqot

No abstract provided.


A Georgian Monastery From The Byzantine Period At Khirbat Umm Leisun, Jerusalem (With A Contribution By Jon Seligman And Iulon Gagoshidze) (Pp. 145–179), Jon Seligman Jan 2025

A Georgian Monastery From The Byzantine Period At Khirbat Umm Leisun, Jerusalem (With A Contribution By Jon Seligman And Iulon Gagoshidze) (Pp. 145–179), Jon Seligman

'Atiqot

No abstract provided.


Roman Burial Caves At I‘Billin (With A Contribution By Irina Segal) (Pp. 93–123), Nurit Feig, Shulamit Hadad Jan 2025

Roman Burial Caves At I‘Billin (With A Contribution By Irina Segal) (Pp. 93–123), Nurit Feig, Shulamit Hadad

'Atiqot

No abstract provided.


Deeper Magic: Theology Of The Body In C. S. Lewis And John Paul Ii, George French Jan 2025

Deeper Magic: Theology Of The Body In C. S. Lewis And John Paul Ii, George French

Sehnsucht: The C. S. Lewis Journal

C. S. Lewis tells us that science and magic are “twins.” “They were born,” he says “of the same impulse”3 of man to master the natural world. We think of them very differently because science has succeeded where magic has failed, but that should not make us blind to their “strong family likeness.”4 Science and magic are intertwined for much of their history, and it is in the Enlightenment that the two begin to separate. While magic died and science survived, Lewis thinks that modern applied science still retains much of the “family likeness.” Unfortunately, not all of the family …


C. S. Lewis’S Most Important Message: The Abolition Of Man As Lewis’S Self-Conscious Struggle For The Value Of Human Persons, Dwain Tissell Jan 2025

C. S. Lewis’S Most Important Message: The Abolition Of Man As Lewis’S Self-Conscious Struggle For The Value Of Human Persons, Dwain Tissell

Sehnsucht: The C. S. Lewis Journal

Over the roughly sixty years since C. S. Lewis’s death, many have asked, what was the message he most wanted to convey? A decade before Lewis’s passing, Dr. James Houston asked him that very question. Lewis answered that he was fighting “reductionism.” More specifically, Houston heard C. S. Lewis to be most concerned about reduction of the value of the human person. At the time of this writing, Houston is 101 years of age, and he has kept a low profile all these years about his relationship with C. S. Lewis. From 1947 until 1954, he and Lewis were more …


The Importance Of Recognizing Truth, Goodness, And Beauty: C. S. Lewis’S Antidote To The Poison Of Subjectivism, David H. Mcilroy Jan 2025

The Importance Of Recognizing Truth, Goodness, And Beauty: C. S. Lewis’S Antidote To The Poison Of Subjectivism, David H. Mcilroy

Sehnsucht: The C. S. Lewis Journal

T aken in isolation, The Abolition of Man is different from most of C. S. Lewis’s other works. It is not a work of fiction or a work of expressly Christian apologetics. It is, however, rightly recognized by Dyer and Watson as “the lynchpin for understanding of all of [Lewis’s] work.”1 The thesis set out in The Abolition of Man is foundational to C. S. Lewis’s worldview. Lewis explored its implications in the third novel in his scientific trilogy, That Hideous Strength, which Lewis expressly described as a story whose moral was “the serious “point” which I have tried to …


A Burial Cave Of The Late Chalcolithic And Early Bronze Age I At Midrakh ‘Oz, Western Jezreel Valley (Hebrew, Pp. 21*–46*, English Summary, Pp. 224–225), Nimrod Getzov, Yossi Nagar Israel Antiquities Authority, Anat Cohen-Weinberger Jan 2025

A Burial Cave Of The Late Chalcolithic And Early Bronze Age I At Midrakh ‘Oz, Western Jezreel Valley (Hebrew, Pp. 21*–46*, English Summary, Pp. 224–225), Nimrod Getzov, Yossi Nagar Israel Antiquities Authority, Anat Cohen-Weinberger

'Atiqot

Remains of a natural cave that was used for burial were exposed north of Moshav Midrakh ‘Oz. Four strata were identified: Strata IV and II contained finds from the Late Chalcolithic and Early Bronze I periods respectively; Strata I and III were sterile. The majority of the finds comprise pottery vessels from both occupation periods, as well as skeletal remains of approximately 50 individuals. Stratum IV contained ossuary fragments, V-shaped bowls, a flint blade and beads. The finds in Stratum II included pottery vessels, a clay disk, beads, sickle blades, a dagger and human bones. This is the first Chalcolithic …