Digital Commons Network^™

The Impact Of Education On Health Care Quality: The 18th Annual Dr. Raymond C. Grandon Lecture

Population Health Matters (Formerly Health Policy Newsletter)

No abstract provided.

Master Of Science In Healthcare Quality And Safety (Ms-Hqs), Susan Desharnais Phd, Mph

Population Health Matters (Formerly Health Policy Newsletter)

No abstract provided.

The University Clinical Skills And Simulation Center: A Jefferson Gem Part Ii

Population Health Matters (Formerly Health Policy Newsletter)

No abstract provided.

Jefferson Students' Improving Knowledge Of Issues In Health Policy, Daniel Z. Louis Ms

Population Health Matters (Formerly Health Policy Newsletter)

No abstract provided.

2009 Annual Quality/Risk Management Retreat

Population Health Matters (Formerly Health Policy Newsletter)

No abstract provided.

Stimulus Money And Health Care Research And Investment, Eric Jutkowitz

Population Health Matters (Formerly Health Policy Newsletter)

No abstract provided.

Losing My Dad, David B. Nash Md, Mba

Population Health Matters (Formerly Health Policy Newsletter)

No abstract provided.

Knowledge, Attitudes And Practices Around Health Research: The Perspective Of Physicians-In-Training In Pakistan, Hassan Khan, Sadaf Khan, Arshad Iqbal

Department of Surgery Docs

Background:Health research training is an essential component of medical education and a vital exercise to help develop physician research skills. This study was carried out to assess the level of knowledge, attitudes and practices towards research amongst a group of Post Graduate Medical Trainees (PGMTs') at Aga Khan University (AKU), Pakistan.

Methods:

A cross sectional health research survey was carried out on all PGMTs' at AKU Pakistan. AKU is a tertiary care health facility which offers residency in 28 specialties and fellowship in 16 programs. Knowledge, attitudes and practices related to health research were assessed using a pretested, structured …

National Health Reform: How Will Medically Underserved Communities Fare?, Sara J. Rosenbaum, Emily Jones, Peter Shin, Leighton C. Ku

Geiger Gibson/RCHN Community Health Foundation Research Collaborative

This brief examines the factors underlying medical underservice. It finds that the number of Americans living in communities at risk for medical underservice is more than double the number of persons who are uninsured. The report notes that even with health insurance reform, these communities and providers that serve them will continue to be affected by elevated numbers of low income uninsured persons, as well as persons who may be seriously under-insured because of poorer health status and lower family income.

Describing health insurance expansion as the single most important strategy to alleviate medical underservice, the Brief also identifies a …

A Functional Difficulty And Functional Pain Instrument For Hip And Knee Osteoarthritis, Alan M. Jette, Christine M. Mcdonough, Pengsheng Ni, Stephen M. Haley

Dartmouth Scholarship

The objectives of this study were to develop a functional outcome instrument for hip and knee osteoarthritis research (OA-FUNCTION-CAT) using item response theory (IRT) and computer adaptive test (CAT) methods and to assess its psychometric performance compared to the current standard in the field.

Boosting Health Information Technology In Medicaid: The Potential Effect Of The American Recovery And Reinvestment Act, Brad Finnegan, Leighton C. Ku, Peter Shin, Sara J. Rosenbaum

Geiger Gibson/RCHN Community Health Foundation Research Collaborative

The American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009 (ARRA) will invest approximately $49 billion to expedite health information technology (HIT) adoption through Medicare and Medicaid. Our analysis of 2006 NAMCS data found that approximately 15 percent of the practicing office-based physicians in the country would qualify for up to $63,750 over six years in Medicaid financial incentives for HIT adoption. Included within the 45,000 eligible physicians are about 99 percent of all community health center physicians. If all qualifying physicians apply for the Medicaid incentives and receive the maximum level of payments, the federal government would invest more than $2.8 …

Public Health Genomics: The Essentials. By Claudia N. Mikail, Rosemary M. Caron

Health Management & Policy

The sequencing of the human genome in 2001 provided researchers, clinicians, policymakers, ethicists, and public health practitioners with a myriad of information to potentially improve disease outcomes on an individual and population basis. Genomics is a burgeoning field of study that examines the interactions among the genetic material in the human body, including interactions with environmental and behavioral factors. The role of public health in this new field of study is complementary, since population trends, health disparities, and the social determinants of health contribute to our understanding of the underlying causes of disease provided by genomic research. Thus, the new …

Maine Barriers To Integration Study: The View From Maine On The Barriers To Integrated Care And Recommendations For Moving Forward, John A. Gale Ms, David Lambert Phd

Mental Health / Substance Use Disorders

Following up on the Environmental Scan report (http://muskie.usm.maine.edu/Publications/rural/Barriers-to-Integration-Environmental-Scan.pdf), the authors interviewed representatives from Maine’s business community, payers, purchasers, professional associations, state legislators, advocacy organizations, state government, and provider organizations. The interviews provided a context to understand the barriers to integration in Maine and develop recommendations to overcome them. Our Final Report presents key findings from the study, recommendations for addressing barriers, and next steps for moving forward. This study recognizes the need for integration of behavioral and physical health services in all settings. Although most discussions of integration focus on the development of behavioral health services in primary care settings, …

Health Insurance Profile Indicates Need To Expand Coverage In Rural Areas, Jennifer D. Lenardson Mhs, Erika C. Ziller Phd, Andrew F. Coburn Phd, Nathaniel J. Anderson Ms, Mph

Access / Insurance

Key Findings: A greater percentage of rural residents than urban residents are uninsured, especially those living in remote areas Among adults over age 50, uninsured rates are highest in the most remote rural places Compared to urban adults, rural adults are less likely to be in employment situations where private coverage is offered.

Prevalence Of Rural Intimate Partner Violence In 16 Us States, 2005, Matthew J. Breiding, Jessica S. Ziembroski, Michele C. Black

United States Public Health Resources

Context: Intimate partner violence (IPV) is a public health problem that affects people across the entire social spectrum. However, no previous population-based public health studies have examined the prevalence of IPV in rural areas of the United States. Research on IPV in rural areas is especially important given that there are relatively fewer resources available in rural areas for the prevention of IPV.

Methods: In 2005, over 25,000 rural residents in 16 states completed the first-ever IPV module within the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS). The BRFSS is a Centers for Disease Control and Prevention-sponsored annual random-digit-dialed …

Complexity, Cofactors, And The Failure Of Aids Policy In Africa, Eileen Stillwaggon

Economics Faculty Publications

Global AIDS policy still treats HIV as an exceptional case, abstracting from the context in which infection occurs. Policy is based on a simplistic theory of HIV causation, and evaluated using outdated tools of health economics. Recent calls for a health systems strategy – preventing and treating HIV within a programme of comprehensive health care – have not yet influenced the silo approach of AIDS policy.

Evidence continues to accumulate, showing that multiple factors, such as malnutrition, malaria and helminthes, increase the risk of sexual and vertical transmission of HIV. Moreover, complementary interventions that reduce viral load, improve immune response, …

Prescriptions For Excellence In Health Care Summer 2009 Download Full Pdf Issue 5

Prescriptions for Excellence in Health Care Newsletter Supplement

No abstract provided.

Carbohydrate Intake And Overweight And Obesity Among Healthy Adults, Anwar T. Merchant, Hassanali Vatanparast, Shahzaib Barlas, Mahshid Dehghan, Syed Mahboob Ali Shah, Lawrence De Koning, Susan E. Steck

Faculty Publications

Background - Little is known about the dietary habits of people with optimal body weight in communities with high overweight and obesity prevalence.

Objective - To evaluate carbohydrate intake in relation to overweight and obesity in healthy, free-living adults

Design - We used a cross-sectional analysis

Subjects/setting - The Canadian Community Health Survey Cycle 2.2 is a cross-sectional survey of Canadians conducted in 2004-2005. There were 4,451 participants aged 18 years and older with anthropometric and dietary data and no comorbid conditions in this analysis.

Main outcome measures - Outcome variables were body mass index (BMI; calculated as kg/m^{2 …}

Reasons Why Women Do Not Initiate Breastfeeding: A Southeastern State Study, Chinelo A. Ogbuanu, Janice C. Probst, Sarah B. Laditka, Jihong Liu, Jongdeuk Baek, Saundra Glover

Faculty Publications

Purpose - Despite the increase in breastfeeding initiation and duration in the United States, only five states have met the three Healthy People 2010 breastfeeding objectives. Our objectives are to study women's self-reported reasons for not initiating breastfeeding and to determine whether these reasons vary by race/ethnicity, and other maternal and hospital support characteristics.

Methods - Data are from the 2000-2003 Arkansas Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System, restricting the sample to women who did not initiate breastfeeding (unweighted n = 2,917). Reasons for not initiating breastfeeding are characterized as individual reasons, household responsibilities, and circumstances. Analyses include the χ^{2 …}

Impact Of Allhat Publication On Antihypertensive Prescribing Patterns In Regione Emilia-Romagna, Italy, Vittorio Maio, Pharmd, Ms, Msph, Joshua J. Gagne, Pharmd, Ms

College of Population Health Faculty Papers

Background and objective: Studies from the US and Canada observed changes in antihypertensive prescribing patterns in accordance with Antihypertensive and Lipid-Lowering Treatment to Prevent Heart Attack Trial (ALLHAT) study findings immediately after the study's publication, but little is known about the impact of ALLHAT in Italy. The objective of this study was to examine antihypertensive prescribing patterns in Regione Emilia-Romagna (RER), Italy, following the publication of the ALLHAT main results.

Methods: We conducted a time series analysis using automated pharmacy data of approximately 4 million RER residents between 1 January 2000 and 31 December 2003. We computed monthly relative percentages …

Pengaruh Penyuluhan Demam Berdarah Terhadap Perilaku Ibu Rumah Tangga, Resmiati Resmiati, Yatnita Parama Cita, Arif Susila

Kesmas

Pada periode tahun 1989-1995, insiden demam berdarah di Indonesia berada pada kisaran 6-15 per 100.000 penduduk. Pada tahun 1998, dengan angka insidens demam berdarah meningkat tajam menjadi 35,19 per 100.000 penduduk dengan angka kematian (CFR) 2 %. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui pengaruh penyuluhan terhadap perilaku. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di RW 12, Pondok Kelapa, Kecamatan Duren Sawit, Jakarta Timur, terhadap 227 respondent. Penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan penelitian kuasi eksperimen pra-pasca tes dalam satu kelompok (One group pra test and post test design). Pengetahuan dan sikap diukur dengan lembar kuesioner serta tindakan diukur dengan lembar observasi yang sebelumnya telah dilakukan uji coba. …

Perilaku Hidup Bersih Sehat Dengan Pendekatan Partisipatif, Tri Krianto

Kesmas

Murid sekolah dasar adalah sasaran strategis upaya promosi kesehatan, karena mereka berjumlah besar serta berada pada tahap awal perkembangan kepribadian. Mereka seharusnya berperilaku sehat, tetapi di Cisalak memperlihatkan keadaan yang sebaliknya. Studi intervensi yang dilakukan terhadap anak-anak sekolah dasar menunjukkan bahwa observasi sebelum intervensi memperlihatkan bahwa tingkat pengetahuan dan praktik mereka adalah rendah. Namun, pada akhir studi, skor pengetahuan dan praktek mereka terlihat lebih tinggi daripada sebelumnya. Uji non parametric seperti Wilcoxon sampel berpasangan dan korelasi Spearman digunakan dalam analisis. Studi ini menyimpulkan : a) intervensi promosi kesehatan yang dilakukan pada anak sekolah dasar terbukti dapat meningkatkan perilaku murid pada …

Situasi Malaria Di Kabupaten Lebak, Fauzul Hayat, Nia Kurniatillah

Kesmas

Pada periode 2002-2006, di Kabupaten Lebak, API tergolong Middle Case Incidence (MCI), dengan nilai rata-rata (2.87%) dan berada pada kisaran 2.04-4.51%. Dari 35 wilayah kerja puskesmas terdapat enam wilayah endemis yang meliputi puskesmas Malimping, Binuangeun, Bayah, Cihara, Panggarangan dan Cilograng. Ada wilayah kerja puskesmas yang dilaporkan dengan klasifikasi MCI. Penderita positif malaria cenderung meningkat secara fluktuatif dengan puncak yang tidak jelas, kasus positif malaria tertingi ditemukan pada bulan Februari, Maret, Mei, Juli dan Desember. Tingkat infeksi malaria yang tinggi pada kelompok populasi ditentukan berdasarkan proporsi sediaan darah positif malaria dari sediaan darah yang diperiksa dengan angka SPR 006 rata-rata 12.64%, …

Praktek Ibu Dalam Perawatan Neonatus Di Kabupaten Garut, Jawa Barat, Aji Haryanto, Ella Nurlaella Hadi

Kesmas

Angka kematian bayi (AKB) di Kabupaten Garut pada tahun 2005 (54,8 per 1000 kelahiran hidup) merupakan yang tertinggi di provinsi Jawa Barat, akibat kematian neonatus dalam tiga tahun terakhir terus meningkat. Studi yang bertujuan mengetahui determinan praktek ibu dalam perawatan neonatus, dilakukan dengan analisis lanjut data Survei Dasar Kesehatan Neonatus Esensial di Kabupaten Garut tahun 2007. Analisis dilakukan dengan menggunakan metoda regresi logistik ganda. Hasil studi menunjukkan, dari 577 ibu bayi 1-11 bulan yang menjadi sampel penelitian, sekitar 51,5% ibu melakukan praktek perawatan neonatus kurang baik. Faktor yang paling dominan berhubungan dengan praktek perawatan neonatus adalah pengetahuan ibu setelah dikontrol …

Download The Full Pdf Of The Issue- Health Policy Newsletter, Vol. 22, Issue 1, March 2009

Population Health Matters (Formerly Health Policy Newsletter)

No abstract provided.

A Spatio-Temporal Approach For Estimating Chronic Effects Of Air Pollution, Sonja Greven, Francesca Dominici, Scott L. Zeger

Johns Hopkins University, Dept. of Biostatistics Working Papers

Estimating the health risks associated with air pollution exposure is of great importance in public health. In air pollution epidemiology, two study designs have been used mainly. Time series studies estimate acute risk associated with short-term exposure. They compare day-to-day variation of pollution concentrations and mortality rates, and have been criticized for potential confounding by time-varying covariates. Cohort studies estimate chronic effects associated with long-term exposure. They compare long-term average pollution concentrations and time-to-death across cities, and have been criticized for potential confounding by individual risk factors or city-level characteristics.

We propose a new study design and a statistical model, …

Spatial Cluster Detection For Repeatedly Measured Outcomes While Accounting For Residential History, Andrea J. Cook, Diane Gold, Yi Li

Harvard University Biostatistics Working Paper Series

No abstract provided.

Spatial Cluster Detection For Weighted Outcomes Using Cumulative Geographic Residuals, Andrea J. Cook, Yi Li, David Arterburn, Ram C. Tiwari

Harvard University Biostatistics Working Paper Series

No abstract provided.

Opportunities For Comparative Research In Public Health Pbrns : A Baseline Analysis Of Local Practice Settings, Glen P. Mays, Sharla A. Smith, Elaine B. Wootten, Sylvia J. Porchia

Health Management and Policy Presentations

This analysis describes the organizational and operational characteristics of local public health agencies participating in an initial cohort of five (5) public health PBRNs in the U.S. We examine variation in practice settings within and between PBRNs; compare practice settings to state and national norms; and identify opportunities for comparative research that can be conducted through PBRNs.

War And Hiv In Latin America, Shawn Smallman

International & Global Studies Faculty Publications and Presentations

Conflict has shaped the HIV pandemic from its inception, from the spread of HIV-1 in Central Africa, to the diffusion of HIV-2 from Portuguese Africa to the globe. At the same time, the relationship between HIV and conflict has been non-linear and poorly understood. Nancy Mock and her colleagues have been almost the only scholars to propose a model to understand this relationship. Their work suggests that several key variables (such as the time scale of the conflict, the characteristics of the parties involved, and the geographic scale of the fighting) explain wide variations in how warfare appears to have …