Digital Commons Network^™

Workers Killed While Working With Forklifts, Kentucky Injury Prevention And Research Center

Kentucky Haz Alerts--Other

To prevent forklift injuries:

• Do not operate a forklift without being certified and trained.
• Forklift operators should wear their safety belts.
• Do not jump from an overturning forklift. Keep your body inside the forklift frame. Ride it out and lean in the opposite direction of the overturn.
• Do not place yourself between two forklifts.
• Do not handle loads that are heavier than the load capacity of the forklift.
• Make sure that the travel path of the forklift is clear from the floor to the height of the load being moved.
• Do not step on elevated loads.
• It is a violation …

Correlates Of Physical Activity In Black, Hispanic, And White Middle School Girls, Evelyn B. Kelly, Deborah Parra-Medina, Karin A. Pfeiffer, Marsha Dowda, Terry L. Conway, Larry S. Webber, Jared B. Jobe, Scott Going, Russell R. Pate

Faculty Publications

Background: A need exists to better understand multilevel influences on physical activity among diverse samples of girls. This study examined correlates of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) among adolescent girls from different racial/ethnic backgrounds. Methods: 1,180 6th grade girls (24.5% black, 15.7% Hispanic, and 59.8% white) completed a supervised self-administered questionnaire that measured hypothesized correlates of PA. MVPA data were collected for 6 days using the ActiGraph accelerometer. Hierarchical regression analysis was used to examine correlates of PA in each racial/ethnic group. Results: Hispanic girls (n=185) engaged in 21.7 minutes of MVPA per day, black girls (n=289) engaged in 19.5 minutes …

Residential Tree Trimmers Killed While Working, Kentucky Injury Prevention And Research Center

Kentucky Haz Alerts--Falls

To prevent tree trimmer injuries:

• Tree trimming or cutting should not be performed without appropriate safety training.
• Appropriate personal protective equipment should be worn at all times while removing trees.
• All trees and limbs should be inspected for structural weakness before work commences.
• Safe work procedures should be used for climbing, felling, topping, and pruning trees.
• A jobsite hazard assessment should be performed to identify hazards so that hazards can be controlled for.

Pregnancy Outcome In Women With Antiphospholipid Syndrome On Low-Dose Aspirin And Heparin: A Retrospective Study., T. Naru, Rozilla Sadia Khan, R. Ali

Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology

This retrospective review of hospital records analysed pregnancy outcome with 2 different treatments for women with recurrent miscarriage diagnosed with antiphospholipid syndrome in the index pregnancy. Of 64 women, 29 had received aspirin and 35 aspirin plus heparin. Pregnancy-induced hypertension, prematurity, intrauterine growth restriction and neonatal death were considered as maternal and fetal complications. There were no significant differences in antenatal and maternal complications between the groups. However, there were significant differences in mean anticardiolipin IgG antibody levels. Aspirin alone or in combination with parin was equally efficacious in women with antiphospholipid syndrome and recurrent miscarriage.

The President's Emergency Plan For Aids Relief (Pepfar): A Social Work Ethical Analysis And Recommendations, Robert J. Barney, Stephan L. Buckingham, Judith M. Friedrich, Lisa M. Johnson, Michael A. Robinson, Bibhuti K. Sar

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

The President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief (PEPFAR) is the most recent international social program instituted by the U.S. Government to combat HIV/AIDS. Since its inception in 2003, this foreign policy initiative has dedicated $63 billion for HIV/AIDS prevention and treatment in foreign countries. Despite PEPFAR's many accomplishments, it continues to promote controversial prevention strategies. This paper analyzes these prevention strategies, utilizing social work values as described in the NASW Code of Ethics. Policy, practice, and research implications are discussed.

Emerging Issues In Adolescent Healthcare : An Urgent Call For Action, Waris Qidwai Dr, Tabinda Ashfaq Ashfaq

Department of Family Medicine

No abstract provided.

The Influence Of Cultural Orientation, Alcohol Expectancies, And Self-Efficacy On Adolescent Drinking Behavior In China, Duane F. Shell, Ian M. Newman, Xiaoyi Fang

Department of Educational Psychology: Faculty Publications

Objective: We hypothesized that the drinking behavior of adolescents in China is influenced by expectancies and self-efficacy and that adolescents’ cultural orientation towards western versus traditional Chinese values influences expectancies, self-efficacy and drinking behavior, with western values leading to more dysfunctional patterns of beliefs and drinking, and that these beliefs are influenced by students’ gender and school environment. Methods: A total of 1020 high school students from Beijing completed the Chinese Adolescent Alcohol Expectancy, the Chinese Cultural Orientation and the Chinese Self-regulation Self-efficacy questionnaires. Results: Results generally confirmed our hypotheses. Higher negative expectancies and higher self-efficacy reduced …

Maternal And Neonatal Outcomes By Labor Onset Type And Gestational Age, Jennifer L Bailit, Kimberly D Gregory, Uma M Reddy, Victor H Gonzalez-Quintero, Judith U Hibbard, Mildred M Ramirez, D Ware Branch, Ronald Burkman, Shoshana Haberman, Christos G Hatjis, Matthew K Hoffman, Michelle Kominiarek, Helain J Landy, Lee A Learman, James Troendle, Paul Van Veldhuisen, Isabelle Wilkins, Liping Sun, Jun Zhang

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

OBJECTIVE: We sought to determine maternal and neonatal outcomes by labor onset type and gestational age.

STUDY DESIGN: We used electronic medical records data from 10 US institutions in the Consortium on Safe Labor on 115,528 deliveries from 2002 through 2008. Deliveries were divided by labor onset type (spontaneous, elective induction, indicated induction, unlabored cesarean). Neonatal and maternal outcomes were calculated by labor onset type and gestational age.

RESULTS: Neonatal intensive care unit admissions and sepsis improved with each week of gestational age until 39 weeks (P < .001). After adjusting for complications, elective induction of labor was associated with a lower risk of ventilator use (odds ratio [OR], 0.38; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.28-0.53), sepsis (OR, 0.36; 95% CI, 0.26-0.49), and neonatal intensive care unit admissions (OR, 0.52; 95% CI, 0.48-0.57) compared to spontaneous labor. The relative risk of hysterectomy at term was 3.21 (95% CI, 1.08-9.54) with elective induction, 1.16 (95% CI, 0.24-5.58) with indicated induction, and 6.57 (95% CI, 1.78-24.30) with cesarean without labor compared to spontaneous labor.

CONCLUSION: Some neonatal outcomes improved until 39 weeks. Babies born with elective induction …

Faktor Dominan Yang Mempengaruhi Kejadian Malaria Di Perdesaan, Dewi Susanna, Tris Eryando

Kesmas

KLB malaria selama periode 1998-2003 telah menyerang 15 propinsi yang meliputi 84 desa endemis dengan jumlah penderita 27.000 dengan kematian 368. Hewan besar seperti sapi, kerbau dan kuda adalah merupakan cattle barrier malaria. Hewan tersebut perlu diteliti agar dapat diketahui jenis hewan dan tempat hidup hewan (kandang) terhadap kejadian malaria. Tujuan umum penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui faktor dominan yang mempengaruhi kejadian malaria di pedesaan. Jenis penelitian adalah non-intervensi, merupakan analisis lanjut data sekunder yaitu “Riset Kesehatan Dasar 2007”. Subyek yang dianalisis sebanyak 618.593 yang bertempat tinggal di perdesaan. Analisis dilakukan dengan metoda multivariat menggunakan regresi logistik. Ternak dibagi menjadi …

Perencanaan Penanggulangan Keadaan Darurat Transportasi Darat Bahan Kimia Butadien Rute Bojonegara - Cengkareng Pada Pt X Indonesia, Nelvy Roza, Fatma Lestari

Kesmas

PT X Indonesia mentransport butadien dari terminal penimbunan di Bojonegara ke pengolahan di Cengkareng. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengidentifikasi potensi bahaya, memprediksi risiko, dan mengevaluasi prosedur penanggulangan keadaan darurat. Sampel diambil di salah satu rute perjalanan Bojonegara - Cengkareng. Data diperoleh dari observasi, wawancara, catatan, pelaporan dan prosedur penanggulangan keadaan darurat. Rencana penanggulangan keadaan darurat dianalisis secara kualitatif dengan membandingkan PT X Indonesia dengan standar Manitoba Industrial Accidents Council dan Advisory Committee on the Transport of Dangerous Goods - Prosedur penanggulangan keadaan darurat meliputi kebijakan perusahaan, analisa risiko, organisasi, sarana dan prasarana, tindakan penanggulangan serta pelatihan dan simulasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan …

Identifikasi Penyebab Diare Di Kabupaten Karangasem, Bali, I N. Sujaya, N.P. Desy Aryantini, N.W. Nursini, S.G. Purnama, N.M.U. Dwipayanti, I G. Artawan, I M. Sutarga

Kesmas

Pada Februari hingga Maret 2008 terjadi kejadian luar biasa muntah berak (diare) di Kabupaten Karangasem Bali. Tercatat sekitar 600 orang mengalami muntaber dan 5 orang meninggal dunia. Ini merupakan kejadian KLB muntaber pertama kali di Bali serta belum diketahui patogen penyebab diare tersebut. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengidentifikasi penyebab diare di Karangasem serta kemungkinan rantai penularannya. Penelusuran penyebab KLB dilakukan dengan menganalisis sampel air yang diambil dari sumber air umum, cubang/sumur penduduk, bahan makanan, serta rectal swab penderita dengan kombinasi teknik pemupukan kuman dan PCR spesifik dengan target gen pembentuk toksin pada Escherichia coli. Dengan melakukan kultur pada sampel makanan …

Analysis Of Primary Risk Factors For Oral Cancer From Us States With Increasing Rates, Anthony Bunnell, Nathan Pettit, Nicole Reddout, Kanika Sharma, Susan O'Malley, Michelle Chino, Karl Kingsley

School of Public Health Faculty Research

Objectives

To examine the primary risk factor for oral cancer in the US, smoking and tobacco use, among the specific US states that experienced short-term increases in oral cancer incidence and mortality.

Methods

Population-based data on oral cancer morbidity and mortality in the US were obtained from the National Cancer Institute's (NCI) Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database for analysis of recent trends. Data were also obtained from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) to measure current and former trends of tobacco usage. To comprehensive measures of previous state tobacco use …

Prescriptions For Excellence In Health Care Winter 2009 Download Pdf Of Full Issue

Prescriptions for Excellence in Health Care Newsletter Supplement

No abstract provided.

Arborist Dies After Fall From Tree, Kentucky Injury Prevention And Research Center

Fatality Case Reports--Falls

A 30-year old arborist was hired by a private resident to remove trees from a yard. At approximately 5:00 PM, the arborist, along with a ground person, arrived at the residence. The arborist donned climbing spurs, and a tree climbing saddle then spoke briefly with the homeowner. With the climbing line and spurs, the arborist climbed the first tree. After trimming limbs from the tree trunk, the arborist began cutting the tree trunk one section at a time. There was a power line near the trees. The arborist was working at the fork of the tree and had cut a …

The Medical Education Of Physicians, Jonathan Saxton

National Health Policy Forum

This background paper provides a descriptive overview of the process of education, licensing, certification, and continuing education involved in becoming and continuing to practice as a physician.

Team Semi Driver Dies After Rig Is Struck By Impaired Driver, Kentucky Injury Prevention And Research Center

Fatality Case Reports--Motor Vehicle

During the early hours one fall morning, a husband and wife driving team were traveling west on a divided interstate highway. A concrete barrier separated the four east bound lanes from the four west bound lanes. The wife was driving while the husband was asleep in the sleeper berth. Driving conditions were dark and the pavement dry. They were traveling in the second lane from the median and there was a passenger car to the right of the semi in the third lane from the median traveling next to the front wheel well and bumper. The passenger car driver veered …

The Economic Stimulus: Gauging The Early Effects Of Arra Funding On Health Centers And Medically Underserved Populations And Communities, Peter Shin, Brian K. Bruen, Emily Jones, Leighton C. Ku, Sara J. Rosenbaum

Geiger Gibson/RCHN Community Health Foundation Research Collaborative

During times of economic crisis, community health centers and other health care safety net providers become even more vital to the communities they serve. The current downturn, with its high levels of unemployment and enormous impact on family incomes, carries major implications for health insurance coverage. The American Recovery and Reinvestment Act (ARRA), signed into law on February 17, 2009, provided slightly more than two billion dollars to community health centers for capital improvements, expansion (or retention) of personnel and services, and adoption of health information technology. All of these uses not only support health centers' mission to serve populations …

Smart Density: A More Accurate Method Of Measuring Rural Residential Density For Health-Related Research, Peter M. Owens, Linda Titus-Ernstoff, Lucinda Gibson, Michael L. Beach, Sandy Beauregard, Madeline A. Dalton

Dartmouth Scholarship

Studies involving the built environment have typically relied on US Census data to measure residential density. However, census geographic units are often unsuited to health-related research, especially in rural areas where development is clustered and discontinuous. We evaluated the accuracy of both standard census methods and alternative GIS-based methods to measure rural density.

Findings From The Nevada Business Summit On Early Childhood Investment, Nevada Institute For Children’S Research And Policy, The United Way Of Southern Nevada, The Nevada Head Start State Collaboration, Early Childhood Comprehensive Systems Office, The Agassi Foundation, The Children’S Cabinet, Denise Tanata Ashby, Amanda Haboush

Nevada Institute for Children's Research and Policy Reports

On February 10, 2010, a partnership of the United Way of Southern Nevada, the UNLV Nevada Institute for Children’s Research and Policy, the Agassi Foundation for Education and the State of Nevada Head Start State Collaboration Office, with support from The Lincy Foundation, hosted the Nevada Business Summit on Early Childhood Investment. The summit met to discuss effective ways to invest in early childhood education and health, in hopes of creating solutions that would provide long term human capital development through early intervention. The summit tied issues of employment opportunities, job readiness and economic trends with the need to invest …

Traveling Exhibit: The Lives They Left Behind: Suitcases From A State Hospital Attic, Laura J. Hall

Posters and Presentations

The Lives They Left Behind: Suitcases from a State Hospital Attic was a traveling exhibit that explored the stories of patients from the Willard Psychiatric Center in New York, whose personal belongings were discovered after the institution closed in 1995. The exhibit highlighted the intersection of mental health, poverty, and systemic failures in care. Through a series of public events including panel discussions on homelessness, health equity, and mental health policy, the exhibit aimed to raise awareness and promote dialogue on mental health issues. Curated locally by Laura J. Hall and funded by the New Mexico Humanities Council, it was …

Using A Participatory Research Process To Address Disproportionate Hispanic Cancer Burden, Pamela C. Hull, Juan R. Canedo, Michelle C. Reece, Irma Lira, Francisco Reyes, Erandi Garcia, Paul Juarez, Elizabeth Williams, Baqar A. Husaini

Public Health, Health Administration, and Health Sciences Faculty Research

Community-based participatory research (CBPR) offers great potential for increasing the impact of research on reducing cancer health disparities. This article reports how the Community Outreach Core (COC) of the Meharry–Vanderbilt–Tennessee State University (TSU) Cancer Partnership has collaborated with community partners to develop and implement CBPR. The COC, Progreso Community Center, and Nashville Latino Health Coalition jointly developed and conducted the 2007 Hispanic Health in Nashville Survey as a participatory needs assessment to guide planning for subsequent CBPR projects and community health initiatives. Trained community and student interviewers surveyed 500 Hispanic adults in the Nashville area, using a convenience sampling method. …

Annual Report To The Nation On The Status Of Cancer, 1975-2006, Featuring Colorectal Cancer Trends And Impact Of Interventions (Risk Factors, Screening, And Treatment) To Reduce Future Rates, Brenda K. Edwards, Elizabeth Ward, Betsy A. Kohler, Christie Eheman, Ann G. Zauber, Robert N. Anderson, Ahmedin Jemal, Maria J. Schymura, Iris Lansdorp-Vogelaar, Laura C. Seeff, Marjolein Van Ballegooijen, S. Luuk Goede, Lynn A. G. Ries

United States Public Health Resources

BACKGROUND. The American Cancer Society, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), the National Cancer Institute (NCI), and the North American Association of Central Cancer Registries (NAACCR) collaborate annually to provide updated information regarding cancer occurrence and trends in the United States. This year’s report includes trends in colorectal cancer (CRC) incidence and death rates and highlights the use of microsimulation modeling as a tool for interpreting past trends and projecting future trends to assist in cancer control planning and policy decisions.

METHODS. Information regarding invasive cancers was obtained from the NCI, CDC, and NAACCR; and information …

An Integrated Intervention To Reduce Intimate Partner Violence In Pregnancy: A Randomized Trial, Michele Kiely, Ayman El-Mohandes, M. Nabil El-Khorazaty, Marie G. Gantz

Publications and Research

OBJECTIVE: We estimated the efficacy of a psycho-behavioral intervention in reducing intimate partner violence (IPV) recurrence during pregnancy and postpartum, and in improving birth outcomes in African-American women

METHODS: We conducted a randomized controlled trial in which 1,044 women were recruited. Individually-tailored counseling sessions were adapted from evidence-based interventions for IPV and other risks. Logistic regression was used to model IPV victimization recurrence, to predict minor, severe, physical and sexual IPV.

RESULTS: Women randomized to the intervention were less likely to have recurrent episodes of IPV victimization (OR=0.48, 95%CI=0.29-0.80). Women with minor IPV were significantly less likely to experience further …

Factor Vii Deficiency And Pregnancy: A Case Report And Review Of Literature, Syed Mohammad Asad Zaidi, Rahat Qureshi, Salman Naseem Adil

Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology

Factor VII deficiency is one of the 'rare inherited disorders of coagulation.' Few cases of Factor VII deficiency have been reported during pregnancy, a state which could potentially cause fatal haemorrhage. Here we report a case of a pregnant lady with a history of heavy menorrhagia and multiple first pregnancy failures. Delivery was carried out via Caesarean section due to non-reassuring foetal heart monitoring. Patient was treated with Fresh Frozen Plasma (FFPs) and Factor VII concentrates, however, the patient developed bleeding postoperatively. Literature indicates that whilst Factor VII levels rise during pregnancy in normal women, no increase is seen in …

Cytotoxicity Of Bacterial-Derived Toxins To Immortal Lung Epithelial And Macrophage Cells, Dianne E. Peterson, Jayne M. Collier, Matthew E. Katterman, Rachel A. Turner, Mark R. Riley

Department of Agricultural and Biological Systems Engineering: Faculty Publications

Health risks associated with inhalation and deposition of biological materials have been a topic of great concern due to highly publicized cases of inhalation anthrax, of new regulations on the release of particulate matter, and to increased concerns on the hazards of indoor air pollution. Here, we present an evaluation of the sensitivity of two immortal cell lines (A549, human lung carcinoma epithelia) and NR8383 (rat alveolar macrophages) to a variety of bacterial-derived inhalation hazards and simulants including etoposide, gliotoxin, streptolysin O, and warfarin. The cell response is evaluated through quantification of changes in mitochondrial succinate dehydrogenase activity, release of …

Risky Business: Effectiveness Of State Market-Based Health Programs, Christopher Stream, Nathan Myers

Public Policy and Leadership Faculty Research

Since the 1990s, state governments have been leaders of health care reform. Today, approximately 47 million people are without health insurance. As health care costs and uninsurance levels continue to rise, states are pursuing a variety of government- and market-based strategies to address this growing social problem. Health care research has indicated that state-based programs have proven to be successful in extending access to coverage. However, the question remains as to whether the market-based programs have had a positive impact on state health care. Advocates for market-based state health programs argue that the reforms benefit the greater good because they …

Report: Fostering A Movement Towards Evidence-Based Screening, Assessment, And Treatment, Institute For Public Health And Justice, Evidence-Based Treatment And Services, Evidence Based Practices Dissemination Strategies

Policy & Position Papers

No abstract provided.

Louisiana Evidence Based Practice Selection Assessment Guide, Institute For Public Health And Justice, Evidence-Based Treatment And Services, Evidence Based Practices Dissemination Strategies

Policy & Position Papers

No abstract provided.

Stakeholder Education And Awareness Regarding Evidence-Based Practices In Juvenile Justice, Institute For Public Health And Justice, Evidence-Based Treatment And Services, Stakeholder Education And Awareness

Policy & Position Papers

No abstract provided.

Evidence Of Better Practice In Louisiana’S Juvenile Justice System, Institute For Public Health And Justice, Evidence-Based Treatment And Services, Stakeholder Education And Awareness

Policy & Position Papers

No abstract provided.