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Internet Addiction And Health Problems Through Smartphone Among International Students In A University In Bangkok Thailand : Online Questionnaire, Supattra Phromsiri

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

The increase in Internet use through smartphones, particularly among the generation Y group, has brought about several health challenges in today’s society. Few studies have investigated the issue of Internet addiction (IA) through the smartphone in Bangkok to date. This cross-sectional study aimed to assess IA level and to determine Internet-related health problems among international program students in a university in Bangkok. Further, this study sought to determine the association between level of smartphone IA and health problems. Data regarding the pattern of Internet use, IA level, and related health problems were collected via a self-administered online questionnaire. Validity and …

Factors Influencing The Utilization Of Intermittentpreventive Treatment For Malaria Control During Pregnancy Among Mothers Of Under One Children In Rural Lilongwe, Malawi, Taonga Mafuleka

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

Routine administration of Sulphadoxine Pyrimethamine (SP) to pregnant women for intermittent preventive treatment (IPTp) of malaria during pregnancy leads to improved maternal health and pregnancy outcomes. This study explores determinants for IPTp-SP utilization among mothers of under-one children in rural Lilongwe, Malawi. Using multi-stage sampling method, this cross sectional study recruited 355 mothers of children under the age of one year from six health facilities. Respondents were aged 18-49 years and were interviewed using an interviewer-administered questionnaire. Bivariate analysis using Chi-Square and multivariate analysis (binary logistic regression) were performed. Overall, 84.0% of the mothers attended at least three antenatal care …

Pesticides Exposure And Health Risk Assessment : A Case Studyof Health Effect On Male Ground-Nut Farmers’ Reproductive System In Kyauk-Kan Village Of Nyaung-U District, Mandalay Region, Myanmar, Thant Zaw Lwin

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

Exposure to pesticides affects many body organs including reproductive system. This is the first of its kind pioneering study in Myanmar and the main objective of the present study review was to explore knowledge and practice on safe use of pesticide among farmers and to find out the effects of pesticide on male reproductive system by using biomarkers (semen, serum hormone and blood cholinesterase level) among male farmers in Kyauk Kan village of Nyaung-U District, Mandalay Region, Myanmar and accompanied with nine specific objectives. There were 3 phases, the first phase was cross-sectional study named as observational study, identified the …

Barriers To Prompt And Effective Malaria Treatment Among Malaria Infected Patients In Palaw Township, Tanintharyi Region,Myanmar : Cross Sectional Study, Zar Zar Naing

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

Barriers to Prompt and Effective Malaria Treatment among Malaria Infected Patients in Palaw Township, Tanintharyi Region, Myanmar : Cross Sectional Study Background: In Greater Mekong Sub regions, Myanmar is the highest malaria burden country. At the Myanmar-Thailand border, Artemisinin resistance in Plasmodium falciparum has been present for several years . Prompt and effective malaria treatment is the corner stone to reduce malaria morbidity , mortality and drug resistance malaria. Although National Malaria Control Program leads to fill the gaps for prompt and effective treatment of malaria, gaps are still present related to sociodemographic characteristics and knowledge of malaria, treatment seeking …

Pharmacognostic Specification And Chrysin Content Of Oroxylum Indicum Seed, Kirana Praserdmek

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

Oroxylum indicum (L.) Kurz, belonging to Bignoniaceae family, is known in Thai common name as Phe-Kaa. In Thailand, it has been used in the treatment of a cough and as a purgative. However, the pharmacognostic specification of this crude drug and its chrysin content have never been established in Thailand. Consequently, this study aimed to exhibit the pharmacognostic specification, analyses of the content of chrysin and fixed oil chemical constituents of O. indicum seeds. O. indicum were collected from 15 different locations in Thailand. The results indicated that the contents of loss on drying, moisture, total ash, acid-insoluble ash, ethanol …

Macroscopic, Microscopic And Molecular Evaluations For The Identification Of Erythrina Species Distributed In Thailand, Kitipan Khaonim

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

Plants in the genus Erythrina belong to the family FABACEAE. There are six species distributed in Thailand (Erythrina fusca Lour., Erythrina stricta Roxb., Erythrina crista-galli L., Erythrina subumbrans (Hassk) Merr., Erythrina variegata L., and Erythrina indica Lam.). Due to the similarity of the morphological characters and synonym in a vernacular name, the identification of these species is ambiguous. Therefore, an accurate investigation of their identities is essential. This research aimed to distinguish six Erythrina spp. through the macroscopic, microscopic, and molecular genetic analyses. The anatomical characteristics of each species (cross section of midrib) and the constant values of leaves including …

Effectiveness Of Healing Touch Technique Among Autistic Patient : A Randomized Control Trial, Vanvisa Sresumatchai

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

This randomized control trial study aimed to compare of effectiveness of healing touch technique in changing of behavior problem of autism patient between intervention group and control group of autistic children in Nonthaburi Autistic Center, Nonthaburi province. Data was collected by using a self-administered questionnaire from parent of autistic among 64 sampled (59 Male, 5 female) age of samples ranged from 13-26 years were included in this study. Binary logistic regression, Generalized Linear Model, and Generalized Estimating Equations were applied for the analysis.For main symptom of autistic, most of them were repetitive behavior and fixated interests 78.5% and 75.0% respectively. …

Pharmacognostic Specification, Mangiferin Content, Biological Activities Of Aquilaria Crassna Leaves And Dna Barcodes Of Selected Plants In Genus Aquilaria, Woratouch Thitikornpong

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

Aquilaria crassna Pierre ex Lecomte (Thymelaeaceae) has been used as a medicinal plant in many aspects. Previous research has revealed that A. crassna leaves contain mangiferin as an active compound. Although the active component has been investigated, the pharmacognostic specification and quantification of mangiferin from A. crassna leaves have never been established. There still have little findings about biological activities of A. crassna leaves extract and its metabolite, mangiferin as well as the molecular evaluation of plant in genus Aquilaria. The study aimed to conduct and develop a pharmacognostic standard according to WHO guidance as well as the validated method …

Standardization Of Chromolaena Odorata, Kaempferia Parviflora And Zanthoxylum Piperitum, Yamon Pitakpawasutthi

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

Chromolaena odorata (L.) R.M. King & H. Rob. or Sabsue is a species in family Asteraceae. In Thailand, it is locally used to treat skin diseases, diabetes, as well as insect bites. Kaempferia parviflora Wall. ex Baker or Krachai Dum belongs to Zingiberaceae family. In herbal medicine, it is generally used to promote health, to cure gastrointestinal disorder and anti-inflammation. Zanthoxylum piperitum (L.) DC., belonging to the Rutaceae family, is known in Thai name as Prig Horm. All parts of Z. piperitum are used to treat abdominal pain, vomiting and diarrhea. Chlorogenic acid, 5,7-dimethoxyflavone and xanthoxylin are the active components …

Drinking Motives Underlying Internalizing And Externalizing Pathways To Alcohol Misuse In College Students, Jeanne Savage

Theses and Dissertations

Alcohol misuse, including heavy episodic use and negative consequences, is a major public health concern and a particular problem among college students. The etiology of alcohol misuse is not well resolved, with multiple and often contradictory factors implicated in its development. Genetic factors influence alcohol misuse but few specific genes have been identified. A potential reason for these challenges is that alcohol misuse is phenotypically and genetically heterogeneous; that is, there are multiple causal pathways underlying its development. Previous typologies have suggested that distinct internalizing and externalizing pathways are involved, with corresponding differences in profiles of personality, temperament, and comorbid …

Understanding Over-The-Counter Medication Use And Decision-Making Among Community-Dwelling Us Older Adults: A Mixed-Methods Approach, Yoshita Paliwal

Theses and Dissertations

Introduction

Older adults are regular consumers of over-the-counter (OTC) medications. OTC medications are generally considered safe, and convenient to use without requiring a prescription. However, the safety of an OTC medication and the final health outcome depends in part upon consumers’ perceptions, beliefs, and their decision-making about OTC medication use. The main objectives of this study were: 1) to examine the prevalence and characteristics of OTC medication use among community-dwelling US older adults (65 years and older), 2) to explore older adults’ knowledge, attitudes, beliefs and experiences about OTC medications, and 3) to elicit the OTC medication decision-making process in …

The Role Of Afrocentric Features In Mental Healthcare Utilization And Counselor Preferences In Black College Students, Randl B. Dent

Theses and Dissertations

Though mental health issues are prevalent in Black young adults, they underutilize mental healthcare services. This research examined the role of feature-based discrimination in mental healthcare (under)utilization. Study 1, a secondary analysis of the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health, provided no evidence supporting a link between skin tone and mental healthcare utilization, when controlling for depression diagnosis. However, when controlling for depression symptoms, there was a trend such that Black young adults with darker, as opposed to lighter, skin tone utilized healthcare less. Study 2, an experimental study with 33 Black college students, showed 73% of the …

Recovery From Design, Cassandra J. Ellison

Theses and Dissertations

Through research, inquiry, and an evaluation of Recovery By Design, a ‘design therapy’ program that serves people with mental illness, substance use disorders, and developmental disabilities, it is my assertion that the practice of design has therapeutic potential and can aid in the process of recovery. To the novice, the practices of conception, shaping form, and praxis have empowering benefit especially when guided by Conditional and Transformation Design methods together with an emphasis on materiality and vernacular form.

Socioecological Aspects Of Tobacco Use In College Populations, Michael D. Sawdey

Theses and Dissertations

Background: Although cigarette smoking is decreasing in the US and among college students, tobacco use remains a major public health problem. Specific socioecological gaps in the literature related to college tobacco use exist including: trends of tobacco use, combinations of polysubstance use, and availability of tobacco products around college campuses.

Objectives: The main goal of this research was the understand interrelationships that exist within a socioecological framework of college tobacco use. Specifically, this project aims to: 1) examine trends of tobacco and polytobacco use by gender and associations of polytobacco use and perceived peer tobacco use, 2) examine …

Sustainable Adapted Treatments For Eating Disorders: The Role Of Cultural Adaptation In Prevention, Sarah J. Javier

Theses and Dissertations

Despite demonstrating eating disorder rates equivalent to White women, African American and Asian American women are less likely to seek treatment and are more likely to terminate treatment prematurely. One of the most successful programs for eating disorder prevention has only focused on surface-level cultural adaptations. Prevention literature maintains that deep-structure cultural adaptation (e.g., integrating cultural values and beliefs) can enhance outcomes for ethnic minorities. This dissertation examined the feasibility of Sustainable Adapted Treatments for Eating Disorders (SATED), a pilot intervention that included a culturally- targeted pre-treatment to an eating disorder dissonance-based intervention. A sample of 72 women (ages 18-30) …

Marginal Structural Cox Model For Survival Data With Treatment-Confounder Feedback, Yanan Zhang

Theses and Dissertations

In an observational longitudinal study, there can be time-varying exposure/treatment and time-varying confounders. When the confounders affect the exposure and prior exposure also has an impact on levels of confounders, there is treatment confounder feedback. To admit estimation of unbiased causal effects, these conditions need to be hold, exchangeability, positivity, consistency. The traditional method of conditioning on potential confounders does not meet these 3 conditions. Therefore, parameter estimates from traditional Cox model are biased casual effect estimates when the treatment confounder feedback exists. The marginal structural Cox model can be used to address this issue. By calculating and including inverse …

Development Of An Estrogen-Related Dietary Pattern And Lifestyle Score To Examine Breast Cancer Risk In Postmenopausal Women, Mark Andrew Guinter

Theses and Dissertations

Introduction: Studies examining the association between individual dietary components and breast cancer have been inconclusive. The use of dietary patterns is a holistic approach which may yield stronger associations. We sought to develop a dietary pattern based on an estrogen metabolite (EM) profile hypothesized to increase breast cancer risk (high unconjugated estradiol and low ratio of 2- to 16-hydroxylated EMs (2/16 ratio)). This estrogen-related dietary pattern (ERDP) was examined for associations with postmenopausal breast cancer in two study populations and was incorporated into an estrogen-related lifestyle score (ERLS) with other modifiable risk factors for breast cancer.

Methods: EM …

Multilevel And Multisectoral Processes Of Implementing Nutritionsensitive Ideology And Programming In Ethiopia’S Development Landscape, Andrea Marie Warren

Theses and Dissertations

This research sought to understand the ways in which ideas and discourses in international development are adapted in a country context. Our particular focus was on how ideas at the international and national level become reality at the subnational and community levels. We primarily examined the sensitization of Ethiopia’s Productive Safety Net Program to nutrition across sectors and down levels of government as a way to understand how the global momentum around nutrition, particularly multisectoral or nutrition-sensitive initiatives, can be translated into action.

The first manuscript delves further into the operational realities of implementing multisectoral nutrition-sensitive programming among the neglected …

Effectiveness Of Community-Based Eibi Treatment: A Longitudinal Analysis Of Adaptive Behavior And Language Outcomes, John Kuntz

Theses and Dissertations

Autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) are a group of lifelong, neurodevelopmental disorders characterized by deficits in social interaction, communication, relationship development and by the presence of repetitive or stereotypical behaviors including restricted interests. Continued advances in understanding treatment outcomes and broadening access to effective treatment is critical to improving the quality of life of children with autism and their families and minimizing the cost associated with care. The overall aim of this study is to assess the effectiveness of a community-based implementation of an Early Intensive Behavioral Intervention (EIBI) treatment program through a large-sample, longitudinal secondary analysis of administrative data. Additionally, …

Inflammatory Potential Of Diet And Pancreatic Cancer Risk: Interaction And Mediation Analysis In Two Prospective Cohorts, Jiali Zheng

Theses and Dissertations

Background: Inflammation plays a pivotal role in pancreatic cancer etiology and can be modulated by diet. We aimed to examine the association between inflammatory potential of diet, assessed with the Dietary Inflammatory Index (DIITM), and pancreatic cancer risk in two prospective cohorts, the Prostate, Lung, Colorectal and Ovarian (PLCO) Cancer Screening Trial and the National Institutes of Health American Association of Retired Persons (NIH-AARP) Diet and Health Study. We explored effect modification by important inflammation-related lifestyle factors, and investigated whether type-2 diabetes mediated the association in a pooled analysis of both studies.

Methods: A total of 101,449 and …

Controlling Brochothrix Thermosphacta As A Spoilage Risk Using In Package Atmospheric Cold Plasma, Apurva Patange, Daniela Boehm, Carmen Bueno-Ferrer, Patrick J. Cullen, Paula Bourke

Articles

Brochothrix thermosphacta is a predominant spoilage microorganism in meat and its control in processing environments is important to maintain meat product quality. Atmospheric cold plasma is of interest for control of pathogenic and spoilage microorganisms in foods. This study ascertained the potential of dielectric barrier discharge atmospheric cold plasma (DBD-ACP) for control of B. thermosphacta in response to key parameters such as treatment time, voltage level, interactions with media composition and post treatment storage conditions. Challenge populations were evaluated as suspensions in PBS, as biofilms in meat model medium and surface attached on raw lamb chops under MAP.

ACP treatment …

Reducing The Rate Of Late Stage Breast Cancer Through Effective Health Communication: An Opinion Piece, Rachele Hendricks-Sturrup

Internet Journal of Allied Health Sciences and Practice

Purpose: Health and illness are traditionally characterized and treated differently across various ethnic groups, which encourages American health systems serving these diverse populations to explore culturally competent and safe ways to effectively reduce illness within such populations. Certain ethnic groups of women in the United States (US) bear greater risk of late stage breast cancer because of various circumstances, which include but are not limited to a lack of insurance or underinsurance and discomfort with and/or resentment toward the US healthcare system. The dominant culture and the social aspects of the modern American health system often and most favorably serve …

A Nested Environmental Approach To Typhoid Epidemiology In Central Division, Fiji, Aaron Jenkins

Theses: Doctorates and Masters

Many current disease threats involve interactions within and between nested subsystems of biological organisation. Typhoid fever is a serious disease threat in the South Pacific region, with Fiji reporting the highest annual number of cases, yet risk factors in this setting have been poorly studied. While localised behaviours have dominated perspectives on typhoid transmission, interactions between distal ecological conditions, conditions of the residential environment and localised behaviour deserve greater attention for their potential to influence transmission. This thesis demonstrates a nested approach to typhoid epidemiology using a fivefold methodology to explore how regional, river basin, residential, socio-cultural and behavioural subsystems …

Development Of A Confined Space Risk Analysis And Work Categoraziation Tool, Yuvin Chinniah, Ali Bahloul, Damien Burlet-Vienney, Brigitte Roberge

Rapports de recherche scientifique

Au Québec, le Règlement sur la santé et la sécurité du travail (RSST) définit un espace clos à l’article 1 (ce projet a été mené avec la définition d’un espace clos applicable en 2016. Cette définition a été modifiée le 25 juillet 2023). Le travail en espace clos est une problématique qui concerne à la fois les secteurs municipal, manufacturier, chimique, militaire, agricole, de la construction et du transport. Les espaces clos parmi les plus courants en industrie sont les réservoirs, les silos, les cuves, les puits d’accès, les fosses, les égouts, les …

Green Jobs In Quebec: Definition And Assessment Of Potential Chemical And Biological Risks To Workers' Health, Erwan Cheneval, Marc-Antoine Busque, Claude Ostiguy, Jacques Lavoie, Robert Bourbonnais, France Labrèche, Joseph Zayed

Rapports de recherche scientifique

Les emplois générés par les efforts d’écologisation de l’économie sont en pleine croissance. Ces emplois, couramment appelés « emplois verts », étaient estimés en 2010 à plus de 155 000 au Québec et à 682 000 au Canada. Ces chiffres dépendent bien entendu des définitions données aux termes « écologie » et « environnement », mais donnent une idée de l’importance de ce secteur en croissance. Plusieurs nouvelles technologies se développent et il est impératif d’en apprécier les risques potentiels pour la santé des travailleurs.

L’objectif de cette recherche est de tracer le portrait québécois des emplois verts et d’apprécier …

Prevention Of Ovarian And Endometrial Cancer By Combined Oral Contraceptives: A Demographics Study, Joanna S. Heywood

CMC Senior Theses

Endometrial cancer is the most common gynecologic cancer with 54,870 cases occurring in the United States in 2015 and causing 10,170 deaths, an 18.5% mortality rate (Elit and Reade, 2015). Ovarian cancer, while less common, is much more fatal. In 2015 in the United States, 21,290 cases occurred and resulted in 14,180 deaths, a 66.6% mortality rate. This mortality rate makes ovarian cancer the fifth most deadly cancer for women in the United States, which is largely explained by ineffective screening strategies and limited treatment possibilities (Cramer, 2012). Thus, developing effective prevention strategies is especially important to saving the lives …

Evaluation Of A Nutrition Education Program Targeting Home-Based Child Care Centers, Cassandra Nicole Urrutia

Open Access Theses & Dissertations

Background: The development of a highly obesogenic culture promoting sedentary behavior and the consumption of calorie-dense foods has led to increased levels of overweight and obesity globally. While children and adults are both at increased risk of developing obesity, the risk is even higher in minority and low socioeconomic populations. Changes in familial structure and an increase in mothers of younger children (below the age of 6) entering the workforce have created a new demand for child care services. Although some studies have researched the effectiveness of nutrition programs to increase healthy eating within the child care setting, few have …

Utilizing Historical Mosquito Surveillance Data To Investigate The Efficacy Of Municipal Fogging In Controlling Mosquito Population Density, Andrea Betina Carzoli

Open Access Theses & Dissertations

Background: Mosquito borne diseases are the cause of many different disease syndromes and deaths in animals, both wild and domesticated, and humans of all ages and ethnicities. Though El Paso, TX is located in an arid region, mosquito populations are still rapidly growing in urban and agricultural communities and so are the mosquito borne illnesses. The most common vectors associated with mosquito borne illnesses in El Paso County are Culex quinquefasciatus, Culex tarsalis, and Aedes aegypti. Vector management is often the primary option to prevent and control outbreaks of mosquito borne illnesses and very often utilize fogging as the primary …

Evaluating The Impact Of A High School Garden In El Paso, Texas For Fruit And Vegetable Intake Using A Valid Biomarker, Patrick Vaughn Hopkins

Open Access Theses & Dissertations

Background: School gardens are an educational tool used to increase children's exposure to, and intake of, fruits and vegetables (F/V). Diets rich in F/V reduce the risk of heart disease, stroke, some cancers, and type 2 diabetes, and can aid in weight management as a strategy to reduce obesity prevalence. Objective data of the impact of school gardens on F/V intake are lacking, as most studies have relied on dietary self-reporting to validate F/V intake. Self-reporting of dietary intake is inherently an unreliable method for assessing F/V intake. Carotenoids, a family of phytochemicals, are a reliable biomarker of dietary intake …

Characterization Of Hiv Diversity, Phylodynamics And Drug Resistance In Washington, Dc., Marcos Pérez-Losada, Amanda D Castel, Brittany Lewis, Michael Kharfen, Charles P Cartwright, Bruce Huang, Taylor Maxwell, Alan E Greenberg, Keith A Crandall

Epidemiology Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.