Digital Commons Network^™

Nature Healing Mental Stress: What U.S. Healthcare Can Learn From Other Nations, Shannon Frank-Richter, Lindsay Gietzen

Pacific Journal of Health

The United States healthcare system lags many developed nations in healthcare access and practices, especially surrounding ecotherapy [1]. Ecotherapy is the practice of mindfulness in tandem with intentional immersion among natural spaces or with natural elements. Research from Asia, Europe and Canada indicate immense benefits from ecotherapy, or mindful nature immersion, as an effective treatment for burnout and stress. By adopting regular nature engagement, the U.S. could significantly improve mental health and reduce occupational stress. This literature review examines how nature immersion, especially with mindfulness, positively affects the brain and nervous system. Key components in nature are identified, such as …

Lung Tissue Multilayer Network Analysis Uncovers The Molecular Heterogeneity Of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease, Nuria Olvera, Jon Sánchez-Valle, Iker Núñez-Carpintero, Joselyn Rojas-Quintero, Guillaume Noell, Sandra Casas-Recasens, Alen Faiz, Philip Hansbro, Angela Guirao, Rosalba Lepore, Davide Cirillo, Alvar Agustí, Francesca Polverino, Alfonso Valencia, Rosa Faner

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Rationale: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a heterogeneous condition. Objectives: We hypothesized that the unbiased integration of different COPD lung omics using a novel multilayer approach might unravel mechanisms associated with clinical characteristics.

Methods: We profiled mRNA, microRNA and methylome in lung tissue samples from 135 former smokers with COPD. For each omic (layer), we built a patient network on the basis of molecular similarity. The three networks were used to build a multilayer network, and optimization of multiplex modularity was used to identify patient communities across the three distinct layers. Uncovered communities were related to clinical features.

Measurements …

Systematic Review Of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor-Related Gastrointestinal, Hepatobiliary, And Pancreatic Adverse Events, Malek Shatila, Hao Chi Zhang, Anusha Shirwaikar Thomas, Antonio Pizuorno Machado, Sidra Naz, Nitish Mittal, Christine Catinis, Krishnavathana Varatharajalu, Carolina Colli Cruz, Eric Lu, Deanna Wu, Julie R Brahmer, Franck Carbonnel, Stephen B Hanauer, Bret Lashner, Bryan Schneider, John A Thompson, Michel Obeid, David P Farris, Yinghong Wang

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Gastrointestinal immune-related adverse events (GI irAEs) are common manifestations of immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) toxicity. We present a comprehensive systematic review of the incidence, management, and clinical course of irAEs across the entire GI system, including the luminal GI tract, liver, and pancreas. MEDLINE, Embase, Web of Science Core Collection, and Cochrane Library were used to conduct this review. All studies pertaining to GI irAEs were included. Both abstracts and full manuscripts were eligible if they included human subjects and were written in the English language. Articles not available in English, animal studies, or research not specific to GI toxicity …

Effects Of Sex And Estrous Cycle On Extended-Access Oxycodone Self-Administration And Cue-Induced Drug Seeking Behavior, Bhumiben P Patel, Jessica A Loweth

Rowan-Virtua School of Osteopathic Medicine Departmental Research

INTRODUCTION: Increasing evidence indicates that sex is a factor that impacts the abuse liability and relapse vulnerability of prescription opioids like oxycodone. However, while women are more likely than men to be prescribed and to use these drugs, the impact of sex and ovarian hormones on prescription opioid use and relapse vulnerability remains unclear. Accurately assessing these measures is complicated by the fact that chronic opioid exposure can lower ovarian hormone levels and cause cycle irregularities.

METHODS: Adult male and female Sprague-Dawley rats self-administered oxycodone (0.1 mg/kg/infusion) under extended-access conditions (6 h/day, 10 days) followed by forced abstinence. Separate groups …

Convergence Of Alcohol Consumption And Dietary Quality In Us Adults Who Currently Drink Alcohol: An Analysis Of Two Core Risk Factors Of Liver Disease, Peng-Sheng Ting, Wei-Ting Lin, Suthat Liangpunsakul, Madeline Novack, Chiung-Kuei Huang, Hui-Yi Lin, Tung-Sung Tseng, Po-Hung Chen

School of Public Health Faculty Publications

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Alcohol consumption and poor dietary habits are on the rise in the United States, posing significant challenges to public health due to their contribution to chronic diseases such as liver failure. While associations between alcohol consumption patterns and diet quality have been explored, the relationship between specific alcoholic beverage types and diet quality remains underexamined. This study aims to compare diet quality among consumers of different alcoholic beverage types. METHODS: We conducted a cross-sectional analysis of 1917 current alcohol drinkers from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) who completed a 24 h dietary recall survey. Diet quality …

A Contemporary Review Of Robotic Resection For Hepatocellular Carcinoma, William A. Preston, Nina R. Spitofsky, Adam S. Bodzin

Department of Surgery Faculty Papers

Background: Robotic hepatectomy represents an appealing treatment modality for resectable hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). A contemporary review of robotic hepatectomy compared to laparo- scopic/open hepatectomy is necessary. Methods: We performed a literature review to identify studies between 2018–2024 comparing robotic to laparoscopic/open hepatectomy for HCC with measurable outcomes. Results: A total of 10 studies were identified, including 943 patients undergoing robotic hepatectomy compared to 1678 patients undergoing laparoscopic/open hepatectomy. Generally, while similar short/long-term survival was noted across all resection modalities, robotic hepatectomy was associated with longer operative time, shorter length of stay, and less post-operative compli- cations. An additional 4 studies …

Examining Ptsd Prevalence Among Underserved Populations In The Integrated Community Mental Health Setting 2019 To 2022, Siran Koroukian, Stephen Zyzanski, Kurt C. Stange

Faculty Scholarship

Background: The prevalence of Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) has been rising since the start of the COVID-19 pandemic, and affects females, sexual and gender minorities, and individuals with social risks at higher rates. Objective: This study examines if the prevalence of PTSD increased from 2019 to 2022 among patients who received care in a national network of safety-net, community-based health centers with integrated behavioral health programs that serve patients at high risk for PTSD. Methods: We analyzed electronic health record data from patients with 1 or more behavioral health visits during 2019 to 2022 using repeated cross-sectional data to …

Examining Adolescence And Agency In The Midst Of International Crisis: Pandemics, Pandemonium, And Zombie Young Adult Literature, T. Hunter Strickland

Dialogue: The Interdisciplinary Journal of Popular Culture and Pedagogy

The COVID-19 pandemic of 2020-22 brought an abundance of changes to secondary education as students transitioned across the country to virtual and hybrid learning contexts. Teachers flexed quickly and frequently to support the learning that students acquired in these new, digital spaces even as school, district, and state demands on teaching increased. The English/Language Arts classroom pivoted along with others as teachers sought out digital reading and writing resources for students to engage in. In the midst of a national crisis, a metaphorical monster that sought to destroy, much like Beowulf ’s dragon did, adolescent readers, despite the discourses of …

Study Of Different Treatment Strategies In Epidemic Models Using Nonlinear Model Predictive Control, Hector Puebla, Luis A. Ricardez-Sandoval, Priti Kumar Roy

Annual Symposium on Biomathematics and Ecology Education and Research

No abstract provided.

Network Analysis Of Progress In Mathematics Research, Anna Singley

Annual Symposium on Biomathematics and Ecology Education and Research

No abstract provided.

Addressing Practice Effects In Population-Based Studies Of Trends In Late-Life Dementia And Cognitive Impairment, Vicki A Freedman, Mengyao Hu

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

No abstract provided.

Estimating The Number Of Polygenic Diseases Among Six Mutually Exclusive Entities Of Non-Tumors And Cancer, C I Edvard Smith, Jan A Burger, Rula Zain

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

In the era of precision medicine with increasing amounts of sequenced cancer and non-cancer genomes of different ancestries, we here enumerate the resulting polygenic disease entities. Based on the cell number status, we first identified six fundamental types of polygenic illnesses, five of which are non-cancerous. Like complex, non-tumor disorders, neoplasms normally carry alterations in multiple genes, including in 'Drivers' and 'Passengers'. However, tumors also lack certain genetic alterations/epigenetic changes, recently named 'Goners', which are toxic for the neoplasm and potentially constitute therapeutic targets. Drivers are considered essential for malignant transformation, whereas environmental influences vary considerably among both types of …

Validation Of An Artificial Intelligence-Based Prognostic Biomarker In Patients With Oligometastatic Castration-Sensitive Prostate Cancer, Jarey H. Wang, Matthew P. Deek, Adrianna A. Mendes, Yang Song, Amol Shetty, Soha Bazyar, Kim Van Der Eecken, Emmalyn Chen, Timothy N. Showalter, Trevor J. Royce, Tamara Todorovic, Huei-Chung Huang, Scott A. Houck, Rikiya Yamashita, Ana P. Kiess, Daniel Y. Song, Tamara Lotan, Theodore Deweese, Luigi Marchionni, Lei Ren, Amit Sawant, Nicole L. Simone, Alejandro Berlin, Cem Onal, Andre Esteva, Felix Y. Feng, Phuoc T. Tran, Philip Sutera, Piet Ost

Department of Radiation Oncology Faculty Papers

BACKGROUND: There is a need for clinically actionable prognostic and predictive tools to guide the management of oligometastatic castration-sensitive prostate cancer (omCSPC).

METHODS: This is a multicenter retrospective study to assess the prognostic and predictive performance of a multimodal artificial intelligence biomarker (MMAI; the ArteraAI Prostate Test) in men with omCSPC (n = 222). The cohort also included 51 patients from the STOMP and ORIOLE phase 2 clinical trials which randomized patients to observation versus metastasis-directed therapy (MDT). MMAI scores were computed from digitized histopathology slides and clinical variables. Overall survival (OS) and time to castration-resistant prostate cancer (TTCRPC) were …

Evaluation Of Sirtuin 1 As A Predictor Of Cardiovascular Outcomes In Diabetic Patients With Limb-Threatening Ischemia, Federico Biscetti, Maria Margherita Rando, Maria Anna Nicolazzi, Enrica Rossini, Michele Santoro, Flavia Angelini, Roberto Iezzi, Luis H. Eraso, Paul J. Dimuzio, Dario Pitocco, Massimo Massetti, Antonio Gasbarrini, Andrea Flex

Department of Surgery Faculty Papers

Chronic limb-threatening ischemia (CLTI) significantly increases the risk of major adverse limb events (MALE) and major adverse cardiac events (MACE) after lower extremity revascularization (LER). This study aims to identify novel biomarkers that help to further reduce the risk of postoperative cardiovascular complications. In this prospective, nonrandomized, observational study, baseline serum levels of sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) were assessed in 147 diabetic patients scheduled for LER due to CLTI, and participants were followed for the occurrence of MALE and MACE over 12 months. Fifty-three patients experienced MALE, and 33 experienced MACE within the follow-up period. Lower baseline SIRT1 levels were significantly …

Kratom: A Narrative Review Of The Possible Clinical Uses And Dangers Of This Opioid-Like Plant, Amber N. Edinoff, Sarah E. Kaufman, Taylor C. Mahoney, William C. Upshaw, Jay Gong, Elyse M. Cornett, Kevin S. Murnane, Adam M. Kaye, Giustino Varrassi, Sahar Shekoohi, Alan D. Kaye

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

The term "kratom" refers to a plant species formally known as Mitragyna speciosa. Kratom is composed of over 40 alkaloids, a type of organic compound that contains nitrogen. These compounds work primarily via binding to opioid receptors expressed on neurons, where they stimulate signal transduction mechanisms involving the activation of G proteins. Kratom has been shown to cause both a stimulant-like effect and a sedative effect in humans. These studies have shown that use is highest among European-American, middle-class men living in suburban areas. Additionally, individuals who have a history of opioid misuse are also more likely to take kratom. …

Activation Of A Gpcr, Orl1 Receptor: A Novel Therapy To Prevent Heart Failure Progression, Saliha S Pathan, Aarthi Pugazenthi, Beverly R E A Dixon, Theodore G Wensel, Todd K Rosengart, Megumi Mathison

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

The number of ischemic heart failure (HF) patients is growing dramatically worldwide. However, there are at present no preventive treatments for HF. Our previous study showed that Gata4 overexpression improved cardiac function after myocardial infarction in rat hearts. We also found that Gata4 overexpression significantly increased the expression of a Pnoc gene, an endogenous ligand for the cell membrane receptor ORL1. We hypothesized that the activation of the ORL1 receptor would suppress HF in a rat ischemic heart model. Adult Sprague Dawley rats (8 weeks old, six males and six females) underwent left anterior descending coronary artery ligation. Three weeks …

Guidelines For The Prevention, Diagnosis, And Management Of Urinary Tract Infections In Pediatrics And Adults: A Wikiguidelines Group Consensus Statement, Zachary Nelson, Abdullah Tarik Aslan, Nathan P. Beahm, Michelle Blyth, Matthew Cappiello, Danielle Casaus, Fernando Dominguez, Susan Egbert, Alexandra Hanretty, Tina Khadem, Katie Olney, Ahmed Abdul-Azim, Gloria Aggrey, Daniel T. Anderson, Mariana Barosa, Michael Bosco, Elias B. Chahine, Souradeep Chowdhury, Alyssa Christensen, Daniela De Lima Corvino, Margaret Fitzpatrick, Molly Fleece, Brent Footer, Emily Fox, Bassam Ghanem, Fergus Hamilton, Justin Hayes, Boris Jegorovic, Philipp Jent, Et Al

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

IMPORTANCE: Traditional approaches to practice guidelines frequently result in dissociation between strength of recommendation and quality of evidence. OBJECTIVE: To create a clinical guideline for the diagnosis and management of urinary tract infections that addresses the gap between the evidence and recommendation strength. EVIDENCE REVIEW: This consensus statement and systematic review applied an approach previously established by the WikiGuidelines Group to construct collaborative clinical guidelines. In May 2023, new and existing members were solicited for questions on urinary tract infection prevention, diagnosis, and management. For each topic, literature searches were conducted up until early 2024 in any language. Evidence was …

Genetic Risk Factors Underlying White Matter Hyperintensities And Cortical Atrophy, Yash Patel, Jean Shin, Eeva Sliz, Ariana Tang, Aniket Mishra, Rui Xia, Edith Hofer, Hema Sekhar Reddy Rajula, Ruiqi Wang, Frauke Beyer, Katrin Horn, Max Riedl, Jing Yu, Henry Völzke, Robin Bülow, Uwe Völker, Stefan Frenzel, Katharina Wittfeld, Sandra Van Der Auwera, Thomas H Mosley, Vincent Bouteloup, Jean-Charles Lambert, Geneviève Chêne, Carole Dufouil, Christophe Tzourio, Jean-François Mangin, Rebecca F Gottesman, Myriam Fornage, Reinhold Schmidt, Qiong Yang, Veronica Witte, Markus Scholz, Markus Loeffler, Gennady V Roshchupkin, M Arfan Ikram, Hans J Grabe, Sudha Seshadri, Stephanie Debette, Tomas Paus, Zdenka Pausova

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

White matter hyperintensities index structural abnormalities in the cerebral white matter, including axonal damage. The latter may promote atrophy of the cerebral cortex, a key feature of dementia. Here, we report a study of 51,065 individuals from 10 cohorts demonstrating that higher white matter hyperintensity volume associates with lower cortical thickness. The meta-GWAS of white matter hyperintensities-associated cortical 'atrophy' identifies 20 genome-wide significant loci, and enrichment in genes specific to vascular cell types, astrocytes, and oligodendrocytes. White matter hyperintensities-associated cortical 'atrophy' showed positive genetic correlations with vascular-risk traits and plasma biomarkers of neurodegeneration, and negative genetic correlations with cognitive functioning. …

Understanding The Demographic And Health Factors Associated With The Incidence Of Stroke In Jamaica, Zandy Elliott

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Stroke, the leading cause of death and disability worldwide, is a significant public health issue in Jamaica, affecting individuals, families, and the healthcare system. This study identified demographic and health factors associated with stroke, enabling medical professionals to better understand high-risk factors and implement preventative care strategies in Jamaica—filling a significant gap in public health knowledge. The quantitative cross-sectional study examined Jamaican demographics, health, and stroke rates. Secondary data from the Office of the Consultant Neurologist (OCN) from 2000-2023 was integrated into the Social Ecological Model (SEM). The study included 291 stroke patients aged 18 and older, excluding those under …

Post-Artesunate Delayed Hemolysis In Pediatric Malaria Patients In The United States, Sesh A Sundararaman, Karen L Hanze Villavicencio, Brianne Roper, Ziyi Wang, Amy K F Davis, Jonathan A Mayhew, Michelle L Wang, Nina L Tang, Vijaya L Soma, Gail F Shust, Margaret E Feeney, Indi Trehan, Jill E Weatherhead, Chandy C John, Jeffrey S Gerber, Audrey R Odom John

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Post-artesunate delayed hemolysis (PADH) occurred in 6 of 24 children treated with artesunate for severe malaria in the United States; however, severe hemolysis requiring hospitalization or transfusion was rare. In children in the United States treated with artesunate, counseling, and symptom monitoring may be preferred to weekly laboratory surveillance for PADH.

Protein Consumption And Risk Of Cvd Among Us Adults: The Multi-Ethnic Study Of Atherosclerosis (Mesa), Ji Yun Tark, Ruosha Li, Bing Yu, Alexis C Wood, Nikhil S Padhye, Marcia C De Oliveira Otto

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

BACKGROUND: Although some randomized trials have reported beneficial effects of protein intake on cardiometabolic risk factors, evidence from prospective studies have not supported a strong link between protein intake and cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk. It is also unclear whether diversity in protein intake plays a role in CVD risk.

OBJECTIVE: We investigated prospective associations of (1) protein intake, overall and by food source and (2) diversity of protein sources with risk of CVD, coronary heart disease (CHD), and stroke.

METHODS: In a multi-ethnic cohort of 5879 U.S. adults (45-84 years), who were free of CVD at baseline, protein intake was …

Act With Cf: A Randomized Trial Of Acceptance And Commitment Therapy Vs Supportive Psychotherapy For Adults With Cystic Fibrosis, C. Virginia O'Hayer, Patrick J. Smith, Christopher F. Drescher, Heather Bruschwein, Chelsi N. Nurse, Hallie M. Kushner, Krista Ingle, Michael J. Stephen, Jeffrey B. Hoag

Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior Faculty Papers

PURPOSE: Psychological distress, including anxiety and depression, is common among adults with CF, associating with poor quality of life, lung function, and healthcare utilization. This 3-year, multi-site, telehealth-delivered randomized trial sought to determine whether Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT with CF) is superior to supportive psychotherapy (SP), in improving psychological functioning for adults with CF.

METHODS: One hundred twenty-four adults with CF and elevated anxiety and/or depressive symptoms were recruited coincident with the first COVID lockdown, from Thomas Jefferson University Hospitals, University of Virginia, Augusta University, Duke University Medical Center, and social media. Participants were randomized to 6 weeks of …

Dementia Risk Reduction In The African Context: Multi-National Implementation Of Multimodal Strategies To Promote Healthy Brain Aging In Africa (The Africa-Fingers Project), Chinedu Momoh, Rachel Maina, Lukoye Atwoli, Karen Blackmon, Edna Bosire, Gloria Chemutai, Linda Khakali, Sylvia Mbugua, Zul Merali, Olivera Nesic Taylor,, Anthony Ngugi, Cyprian Mostert, Eunice Muthoni, Roselyter Riang’A, Mansoor Saleh, Shahin Sayed, Jasmit Shah

Brain and Mind Institute

Dementia prevention in Africa is critically underexplored, despite the continent's high prevalence of modifiable risk factors. With a predominantly young and middle-aged population, Africa presents a prime opportunity to implement evidence-based strategies that could significantly reduce future dementia cases and mitigate its economic impact. The multinational Africa-FINGERS program offers an innovative solution, pioneering culturally sensitive, multidomain interventions tailored to the unique challenges of the region. Leveraging insights from landmark global studies such as Worldwide-FINGERS and Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative, the program employs a multideterminant precision prevention framework, grounded in community based systems dynamics. Africa-FINGERS further integrates cutting-edge state-of-the-art multimodal biomarker …

The Impact Of The Covid-19 Pandemic Among Latinos In Northwest Louisiana, Deborah G. Smith, Carolina O. Ochoa, Jillian L. Sandoz, Jennifer A. Deleon, Jason C. Hoosier, Corey D. Smith, Raimunda H.M. Macena

Journal of the Louisiana Public Health Association

No abstract provided.

Neighborhood Deprivation Negatively Affects Survival Odds Of Pediatric Oncology Patients Residing In Louisiana, Tayla D. Hunter, Gabrielle Sheets, Christian Nieves-Rivera, Sloane Clay, Jordan Doss, Michael Norman, James W. Kinchen, Zhide Fang, Pinki Prasad, Fern Tsien

Journal of the Louisiana Public Health Association

Background: Childhood cancer patients have experienced an increase in survivorship in the last twenty years due to improvements in treatment and supportive care. Increasing evidence shows that neighborhood socioeconomic status (nSES) significantly affects healthcare outcomes. However, limited information demonstrates the relationship between neighborhood and pediatric cancer survivorship. Methods: Participants include 308 survivors and deceased patients from Children’s Hospital of New Orleans. Area Deprivation Index (ADI) scores were obtained based on participant’s home address. Univariable logistic regression models were used to assess associations between neighborhood socioeconomic status and survival odds. Results: Living in parishes that are both rural and non-Acadian was …

Protein Biomarkers Of Ultra-Processed Food Consumption And Risk Of Coronary Heart Disease, Chronic Kidney Disease, And All-Cause Mortality, Shutong Du, Jingsha Chen, Hyunju Kim, Alice H Lichtenstein, Bing Yu, Lawrence J Appel, Josef Coresh, Casey M Rebholz

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Background: There is a need to understand the underlying biological mechanisms through which ultra-processed foods negatively affect health. Proteomics offers a valuable tool with which to examine different aspects of ultra-processed foods and their impact on health.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to identify protein biomarkers of usual ultra-processed food consumption and assess their relation to the incidence of coronary heart disease (CHD), chronic kidney disease (CKD), and all-cause mortality risk.

Methods: A total of 9361 participants from the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities visit 3 (1993-1995) were included. Dietary intake was assessed using a 66-item food-frequency questionnaire and …

Trends In The Use Of Biologic Disease-Modifying Antirheumatic Drugs In Patients With Rheumatoid Arthritis And Recently Diagnosed Colorectal, Lung, Or Prostate Cancer, Maria E Suarez-Almazor, Juan I Ruiz, Xiudong Lei, Chi-Fang Wu, Hui Zhao, Suja S Rajan, Sharon H Giordano

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

INTRODUCTION: Biologic disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (bDMARD) are often discontinued when a patient with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is diagnosed with cancer. Our aim was to determine trends in bDMARD utilization in patients with RA and recently diagnosed cancer.

METHOD: We examined two national claims databases to identify adults with RA and recently diagnosed colorectal, lung, or prostate cancer (Optum's de-identified Clinformatics® Data Mart Database 2008-2022, and Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Program (SEER) Medicare-linked 2008-2017). We determined time trends in bDMARD and tumor necrosis factor inhibitor (TNFi) prescriptions during the first 3 years after cancer with Cochram-Armitage tests and multivariable logistic …

History Of Incarceration And Dental Care Use Among Older Adults In The United States, Alexander Testa, Dylan B Jackson, Carmen Gutierrez, Chantal Fahmy, Vahed Maroufy, Rafael Samper-Ternent, Ana C Neumann

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

INTRODUCTION: Dental care is a critical component of healthy aging; however, emerging evidence suggests that having been previously incarcerated is a risk factor for not using dental care services. This study investigates the relationship between prior incarceration and dental care among older adults and assesses whether wealth and dental insurance explain this relationship.

METHODS: Data are from the Health and Retirement Study, a nationally representative sample of community-dwelling older adults in the United States, collected in 2012 and 2014. Multivariable logistic regression is used to assess the relationship between a history of incarceration and dental care. Mediation analyses were conducted …

Genomic Analysis Of Intracranial And Subcortical Brain Volumes Yields Polygenic Scores Accounting For Variation Across Ancestries, Luis M García-Marín, Adrian I Campos, Santiago Diaz-Torres, Jill A Rabinowitz, Zuriel Ceja, Brittany L Mitchell, Katrina L Grasby, Jackson G Thorp, Ingrid Agartz, Saud Alhusaini, David Ames, Philippe Amouyel, Ole A Andreassen, Konstantinos Arfanakis, Alejandro Arias-Vasquez, Nicola J Armstrong, Lavinia Athanasiu, Mark E Bastin, Alexa S Beiser, David A Bennett, Joshua C Bis, Marco P M Boks, Dorret I Boomsma, Henry Brodaty, Rachel M Brouwer, Jan K Buitelaar, Ralph Burkhardt, Wiepke Cahn, Vince D Calhoun, Owen T Carmichael, Mallar Chakravarty, Qiang Chen, Christopher R K Ching, Sven Cichon, Benedicto Crespo-Facorro, Fabrice Crivello, Anders M Dale, George Davey Smith, Eco J C De Geus, Philip L De Jager, Greig I De Zubicaray, Stéphanie Debette, Charles Decarli, Chantal Depondt, Sylvane Desrivières, Srdjan Djurovic, Stefan Ehrlich, Susanne Erk, Thomas Espeseth, Guillén Fernández, Irina Filippi, Simon E Fisher, Debra A Fleischman, Evan Fletcher, Myriam Fornage, Andreas J Forstner, Clyde Francks, Barbara Franke, Tian Ge, Aaron L Goldman, Hans J Grabe, Robert C Green, Oliver Grimm, Nynke A Groenewold, Oliver Gruber, Vilmundur Gudnason, Asta K Håberg, Unn K Haukvik, Andreas Heinz, Derrek P Hibar, Saima Hilal, Jayandra J Himali, Beng-Choon Ho, David F Hoehn, Pieter J Hoekstra, Edith Hofer, Wolfgang Hoffmann, Avram J Holmes, Georg Homuth, Norbert Hosten, M Kamran Ikram, Jonathan C Ipser, Clifford R Jack, Neda Jahanshad, Erik G Jönsson, Rene S Kahn, Ryota Kanai, Marieke Klein, Maria J Knol, Lenore J Launer, Stephen M Lawrie, Stephanie Le Hellard, Phil H Lee, Hervé Lemaître, Shuo Li, David C M Liewald, Honghuang Lin, W T Longstreth, Oscar L Lopez, Michelle Luciano, Pauline Maillard, Andre F Marquand, Nicholas G Martin, Jean-Luc Martinot, Karen A Mather, Venkata S Mattay, Katie L Mcmahon, Patrizia Mecocci, Ingrid Melle, Andreas Meyer-Lindenberg, Nazanin Mirza-Schreiber, Yuri Milaneschi, Thomas H Mosley, Thomas W Mühleisen, Bertram Müller-Myhsok, Susana Muñoz Maniega, Matthias Nauck, Kwangsik Nho, Wiro J Niessen, Markus M Nöthen, Paul A Nyquist, Jaap Oosterlaan, Massimo Pandolfo, Tomas Paus, Zdenka Pausova, Brenda W J H Penninx, G Bruce Pike, Bruce M Psaty, Benno Pütz, Simone Reppermund, Marcella D Rietschel, Shannon L Risacher, Nina Romanczuk-Seiferth, Rafael Romero-Garcia, Gennady V Roshchupkin, Jerome I Rotter, Perminder S Sachdev, Philipp G Sämann, Arvin Saremi, Muralidharan Sargurupremraj, Andrew J Saykin, Lianne Schmaal, Helena Schmidt, Reinhold Schmidt, Peter R Schofield, Markus Scholz, Gunter Schumann, Emanuel Schwarz, Li Shen, Jean Shin, Sanjay M Sisodiya, Albert V Smith, Jordan W Smoller, Hilkka S Soininen, Vidar M Steen, Dan J Stein, Jason L Stein, Sophia I Thomopoulos, Arthur W Toga, Diana Tordesillas-Gutiérrez, Julian N Trollor, Maria C Valdes-Hernandez, Dennis Van T Ent, Hans Van Bokhoven, Dennis Van Der Meer, Nic J A Van Der Wee, Javier Vázquez-Bourgon, Dick J Veltman, Meike W Vernooij, Arno Villringer, Louis N Vinke, Henry Völzke, Henrik Walter, Joanna M Wardlaw, Daniel R Weinberger, Michael W Weiner, Wei Wen, Lars T Westlye, Eric Westman, Tonya White, A Veronica Witte, Christiane Wolf, Jingyun Yang, Marcel P Zwiers, M Arfan Ikram, Sudha Seshadri, Paul M Thompson, Claudia L Satizabal, Sarah E Medland, Miguel E Rentería

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Subcortical brain structures are involved in developmental, psychiatric and neurological disorders. Here we performed genome-wide association studies meta-analyses of intracranial and nine subcortical brain volumes (brainstem, caudate nucleus, putamen, hippocampus, globus pallidus, thalamus, nucleus accumbens, amygdala and the ventral diencephalon) in 74,898 participants of European ancestry. We identified 254 independent loci associated with these brain volumes, explaining up to 35% of phenotypic variance. We observed gene expression in specific neural cell types across differentiation time points, including genes involved in intracellular signaling and brain aging-related processes. Polygenic scores for brain volumes showed predictive ability when applied to individuals of diverse …

Sex Differences In Hypertension And Its Management Throughout Life, Wan-Jin Yeo, Rahul Abraham, Aditya L Surapaneni, Pascal Schlosser, Shoshana H Ballew, Bige Ozkan, Carina M Flaherty, Bing Yu, Joseph V Bonventre, Chirag R Parikh, Paul L Kimmel, Ramachandran S Vasan, Josef Coresh, Morgan E Grams

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Background: The prevalence of hypertension and uncontrolled hypertension may differ by age and sex.

Methods: We included participants in the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities study at seven study visits over 33 years (visit 1: 15 636 participants; mean age, 54 years; 55% women), estimating sex differences in prevalence of hypertension (systolic blood pressure ≥130 mm Hg; diastolic blood pressure ≥80 mm Hg; or self-reported antihypertension medication use) and uncontrolled hypertension (systolic blood pressure ≥140 mm Hg or diastolic blood pressure ≥90 mm Hg) using unadjusted and comorbidity-adjusted models.

Results: The prevalence of hypertension increased with age from 40% (ages, 43-46 …