Digital Commons Network^™

Neck Loading In High Performance Combat Pilots During Aerial Combat Manoeuvres And Specific Neck Strengthening Exercises, Kevin J. Netto

Theses: Doctorates and Masters

Background: Neck pain and injury is a common occurrence in high performance combat pilots (HPCP) around the world. The cause of this has been attributed to exposure to the unavoidable high mechanical loading related to the neck being positioned in non-neutral head postures whilst being exposed to moderate to high +Gz levels. Specific neck conditioning exercises have been proposed as being a possible method to decrease the incidence of neck pain and injury in this population. However, there has been sparsely published research examining the suitability of selected exercises for HPCP who participate in regular aerial combat manoeuvres (ACM).

Controlling And Constraining The Participation Of The Hepatitis C-Affected Community In Australia: A Critical Discourse Analysis Of The First National Hepatitis C Strategy And Selected News Media Texts, Judith D. Pugh

Theses: Doctorates and Masters

The construction of texts that place hepatitis C-positive persons at social risk (Candlin, 1989, p. ix), informs this study of the ways in which public health policy makers and journalists in Australia communicate about hepatitis C. The institutions of public health and the news media form part of the cultural context within which persons construct their illness narratives. The privileged perspectives and framing of public health policy and news media discourses; the discursive practices associated with the institutions of public health and the media around hepatitis C and hepatitis C-positive persons, the “objects” of knowledge (Foucault, 1969/2002, p. 81); and …

Correlation Between Acculturation And Health Promotion Behavior Among Hispanics/Latinos In Black Hawk County, Iowa, Ki-Hyung Park

Dissertations and Theses @ UNI

The elimination of the health disparities between different segments of population such as ethnic or racial minority groups in the United States is one of the principal goals of Healthy People 2010. Since 2002, the Hispanic/Latino population has been the largest minority group in the United States, and currently Hispanic/Latinos are the largest minority group in Iowa. The study assesses the relationships among health status, health promoting behavior, and acculturation of Hispanic/Latino immigrants in Black Hawk County, Iowa. A community sample of 54 adults completed a face-to-face structured interview. The instrumentation included the Acculturation Rating Scale for Mexican Americans-II (ARSMA-II), …

Redesigning Practice To Improve Care Delivery (Boston), Laura A. Dummit, Lisa Sprague

National Health Policy Forum

This site visit focused on how the practice of medicine is changing or can be changed to improve care delivery across the spectrum of patient populations. Regarded as a “medical Mecca,” Boston is home to the academic health centers and teaching hospitals where many of the nation’s physicians are trained. As a center of innovation, Boston prides itself on its high bar with respect to standards of care. Panels addressed the used of clinical information technology (IT) in the physician’s office, in the hospital, and community-wide. Participants observed how IT is being used to further the mission of community health …

History-Adjusted Marginal Structural Models To Estimate Time-Varying Effect Modification , Maya L. Petersen, Steven G. Deeks, Jeffrey N. Martin, Mark J. Van Der Laan

U.C. Berkeley Division of Biostatistics Working Paper Series

Much of epidemiology and clinical medicine is focused on the estimation of treatments or interventions administered over time. In such settings of longitudinal treatment, time-dependent confounding is often an important source of bias. Marginal structural models are a powerful tool for estimating the causal effect of a treatment using observational data, particularly when time-dependent confounding is present. Recent statistical work presented a generalization of marginal structural models, called history-adjusted marginal structural models. Unlike standard marginal structural models, history-adjusted marginal structural models can be used to estimate modification of treatment effects by time-varying covariates. Estimation of time-dependent causal effect modification is …

Spatial Autocorrelation Of Deer-Vehicle Accidents In Vigo County, J. Scott Horn

All-Inclusive List of Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Deer-vehicle accidents (DV As) are a problem in many areas. They cause millions of dollars in property damage, personal injury, and loss of life each year. This thesis examines whether DVAs in Vigo County, Indiana during the year 2000 were spatially autocorrelated; and whether DV As selected by deer habitat were spatially autocorrelated. Specifically using Moran's I to test for spatial autocorrelation this study determined if and to what degree spatial autocorrelation existed among these DVAs. A Moran's I value of .0023 shows that the accidents occurred randomly. These DV A data were then used to plot a map which …

Chaotic Desynchronization Of Multistrain Diseases, Ira Schwartz, Leah Shaw, Derek Cummings, Lora Billings, Marie Mccrary, Donald Burke

Department of Mathematics Faculty Scholarship and Creative Works

Multistrain diseases are diseases that consist of several strains, or serotypes. The serotypes may interact by antibody-dependent enhancement rADE, in which infection with a single serotype is asymptomatic, but infection with a second serotype leads to serious illness accompanied by greater infectivity. It has been observed from serotype data of dengue hemorrhagic fever that outbreaks of the four serotypes occur asynchronously. Both autonomous and seasonally driven outbreaks were studied in a model containing ADE. For sufficiently small ADE, the number of infectives of each serotype synchronizes, with outbreaks occurring in phase. When the ADE increases past a threshold, the system …

Modélisation De L'Exposition Au Monoxyde De Carbone, Andrea Scarino, Robert Tardif

Rapports de recherche scientifique

No abstract provided.

“A Black Spot”: Florida’S Crusade Against Venereal Disease, Prostitution, And Female Sexuality During World War Ii

Florida Public Health Review

No abstract provided.

Additive Hazards Models With Latent Treatment Effectiveness Lag Time, Ying Qing Chen, Charles A. Rohde, Mei-Cheng Wang

Johns Hopkins University, Dept. of Biostatistics Working Papers

In many clinical trials to evaluate treatment efficacy, it is believed that there may exist latent treatment effectiveness lag times after which medical procedure or chemical compound would be in full effect. In this article, semiparametric regression models are proposed and studied to estimate the treatment effect accounting for such latent lag times. The new models take advantage of the invariance property of the additive hazards model in marginalizing over random effects, so parameters in the models are easy to be estimated and interpreted, while the flexibility without specifying baseline hazard function is kept. Monte Carlo simulation studies demonstrate the …

Evaluation Of African-American And White Racial Classification In A Surveillance, Epidemiology, And End Results Cancer Registry, Diva A. Patel, Alicia Knowles, Ann G. Schwartz, Kendra Schwartz

FMPHS Faculty Publications

Objectives: This study evaluated the validity of registry-reported race for individuals who participated in research studies conducted since 1980 through the Metropolitan Detroit Cancer Surveillance System (MDCSS), a Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) Program registry.

Methods: 5329 individuals who self-identified as African American or White and were classified in the MDCSS registry as African American or White were included. Self-identified and registry-reported race were compared, and associations between demographics and racial misclassification were examined.

Results: Most self-identified African Americans and Whites were correctly classified (sensitivity= 98.5%, specificity=99.7%). Males were two times more likely to be misclassified than females [odds …

Annual Summer Seminar: The Global Response To Terror

Population Health Matters (Formerly Health Policy Newsletter)

No abstract available.

Estimation Of Direct Causal Effects, Maya L. Petersen, Mark J. Van Der Laan

U.C. Berkeley Division of Biostatistics Working Paper Series

Many common problems in epidemiologic and clinical research involve estimating the effect of an exposure on an outcome while blocking the exposure's effect on an intermediate variable. Effects of this kind are termed direct effects. Estimation of direct effects arises frequently in research aimed at understanding mechanistic pathways by which an exposure acts to cause or prevent disease, as well as in many other settings. Although multivariable regression is commonly used to estimate direct effects, this approach requires assumptions beyond those required for the estimation of total causal effects. In addition, multivariable regression estimates a particular type of direct effect, …

Thomas Jefferson University, College Of Graduate Studies To Offer A Master Of Science In Public Health, Max Koppel, Jennifer H. Lofland

Population Health Matters (Formerly Health Policy Newsletter)

No abstract available.

One Pill, Many Prices: Variation In Prescription Drug Prices In Selected Government Programs, Dawn Gencarelli

National Health Policy Forum

This paper updates a June 2002 National Health Policy Forum Issue Brief, "Average Wholesale Price for Prescription Drugs: Is There a More Appropriate Pricing Mechanism?" Since the release of that paper, Congress enacted the Medicare Prescription Drug, Improvement, and Modernization Act (MMA) of 2003, which created a new, comprehensive outpatient prescription drug benefit and reduced Medicare’s reliance on the average wholesale price (AWP) in paying for prescription drugs. This paper discusses the continued use of AWP as well as other pricing benchmarks that pertain to prescription drugs. It explains the relevance of these pricing mechanisms to different government programs and …

Clinical Preventive Services: When Is The Juice Worth The Squeeze?, Eileen Salinsky

National Health Policy Forum

This paper provides an overview of clinical preventive services, including a definition of such services and the role of the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force in recommending which services should be routinely offered to patients. It also describes efforts to analyze the cost effectiveness of clinical preventive services and reviews the insurance coverage policies of private and public payers. Barriers to increased uptake of appropriate services are discussed and policy relevant issues are summarized.

Dynamic Effects Of Antibody-Dependent Enhancement On The Fitness Of Viruses, Derek Cummings, Ira Schwartz, Lora Billings, Leah Shaw, Donald Burke

Department of Mathematics Faculty Scholarship and Creative Works

Antibody-dependent enhancement (ADE), a phenomenon in which viral replication is increased rather than decreased by immune sera, has been observed in vitro for a large number of viruses of public health importance, including flaviviruses, coronaviruses, and retroviruses. The most striking in vivo example of ADE in humans is dengue hemorrhagic fever, a disease in which ADE is thought to increase the severity of clinical manifestations of dengue virus infection by increasing virus replication. We examine the epidemiological impact of ADE on the prevalence and persistence of viral serotypes. Using a dynamical system model of n cocirculating dengue serotypes, we find …

Lankenau Medical Research Center, Vincent J. Cristofalo

Population Health Matters (Formerly Health Policy Newsletter)

No abstract available.

Keeping Track Of Care: Quality And Technology At Lifebridge Health System (Baltimore), Judith Moore

National Health Policy Forum

This one-day site visit focused on quality and technology in acute, post-acute and long-term care at Sinai Hospital and Levindale Hebrew Geriatric Center and Hospital, both components of LifeBridge Health System in Baltimore. Participants traced the treatment paths of hypothetical cardiac and cancer patients through the hospital and explored the range of home- and community-based as well as institutional care available through the geriatric center. The role of clinical information technology was highlighted in both settings.

Effects Of Resistance Training Volume And Variety On Dietary Intake And Mood State In Untrained Subject, Suzette K. Smith

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

Background: While there is research on the effects of aerobic training on various aspects of mood state and nutrient intake, little is known of the effect of resistance training on these variables.

Purpose: To examine the effects of resistance training (RT) volume and variety on total energy (kcal) and macronutrient intake, and mood states in a healthy, untrained population.

Method:The investigation was part of a prospective experimental study examining the effects of three RT protocols on body composition and strength. An initial 102, healthy, untrained male and female participants, ages 20-40, were recruited, and randomized into one of three …

Cardiorespiratory Fitness Is Inversely Associated With The Incidence Of Metabolic Syndrome: A Prospective Study Of Men And Women, Michael J. Lamonte, Carolyn E. Barlow, Radim Jurca, James B. Kampert, Timothy S. Church, Steven N. Blair

Faculty Publications

Background - Few studies have reported the relationship between cardiorespiratory fitness and metabolic syndrome incidence, particularly in women.

Methods and Results - We prospectively studied 9007 men (mean±SD, age, 44±9 years; body mass index, 25±3 kg/m²) and 1491 women (age, 44±9 years; body mass index, 22±2 kg/m²) who were free of metabolic syndrome and for whom measures of waist girth, resting blood pressure, fasting lipids, and glucose were taken during baseline and follow-up examinations. Baseline cardiorespiratory fitness was quantified as duration of a maximal treadmill test. Metabolic syndrome was defined with NCEP ATP-III criteria. During a …

Download The Pdf Of The Full Issue

Population Health Matters (Formerly Health Policy Newsletter)

No abstract provided.

Jefferson Graduate Certificate Programs For Career Advancement, Georganne K. Buescher

Population Health Matters (Formerly Health Policy Newsletter)

No abstract available.

The Jefferson Familial Colorectal Cancer Registry, Deborah G. Rose, Bruce Boman

Population Health Matters (Formerly Health Policy Newsletter)

No abstract available.

Bacteriophage-Based Tests For The Detection Of Mycobacterium Tuberculosis In Clinical Specimens: A Systematic Review And Meta-Analysis, Shriprakash Kalantri, Madhukar Pai, Lisa Pascopella, Lee Riley, Arthur Reingold

Public and Community Health Sciences Faculty Publications

Background: Sputum microscopy, the most important conventional test for tuberculosis, is specific in settings with high burden of tuberculosis and low prevalence of non tuberculous mycobacteria. However, the test lacks sensitivity. Although bacteriophage-based tests for tuberculosis have shown promising results, their overall accuracy has not been systematically evaluated.

Methods: We did a systematic review and meta-analysis of published studies to evaluate the accuracy of phage-based tests for the direct detection of M. tuberculosis in clinical specimens. To identify studies, we searched Medline, EMBASE, Web of science and BIOSIS, and contacted authors, experts and test manufacturers. Thirteen studies, all based on …

University Of South Florida College Of Public Health: Reflections On Doctoral Education 1987 - 2005

Florida Public Health Review

No abstract provided.

Summer Research Programs Spark Students' Biomedical Interests, Jerold A. Glick, Kenneth P. Chepenik

Population Health Matters (Formerly Health Policy Newsletter)

No abstract available.

Bridging The Gaps: Lessons From A Collaborative Community Service Program, Claudia H. Siegel

Population Health Matters (Formerly Health Policy Newsletter)

No abstract available.

Orchestrating The Future Of Clinical Care, Brian G. Harrison, Robert L. Barchi

Thomas Jefferson University Administrative Documents and Reports

2005 Annual report of Thomas Jefferson University.

Jefferson Medical College Annual Report, 2005, Thomas J. Nasca

Jefferson Medical College Administrative Documents and Reports

No abstract provided.