Digital Commons Network^™

The Role Of Nutrition In Promoting Gut Health And Treating Chronic Illness Through The Attenuation Of Inflammation, Allison Dalton

HCA Healthcare Journal of Medicine

Over the millennia, the human body and microorganisms such as bacteria, viruses, archaea, protozoa and parasites have coevolved together forming an intimate relationship. These microorganisms are found on the skin, in the mouth, genitourinary tract and most abundantly in the large intestine of the digestive tract. States of microbial dysbiosis contribute to chronic inflammation, which can lead to the pathogenesis and progression of numerous diseases. Micro- and macro-nutrients as well as dietary patterns like the Mediterranean diet can help improve health outcomes.

¡Sí, Yo Puedo Vivir Sano Con Diabetes! A Self-Management Randomized Controlled Pilot Trial For Low-Income Adults With Type 2 Diabetes In Mexico City, Robin Whittemore, Mireya Vilar-Compte, Selene De La Cerda, Roberta Delvy, Sangchoon Jeon, Soraya Burrola-Méndez, Mariana Pardo-Carrillo, Annel Lozano-Marrufo, Rafael Pérez-Escamilla

Department of Public Health Scholarship and Creative Works

Background: Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is a worldwide epidemic and a leading cause of death in Mexico, with a prevalence of 15.9%, and >70% of diagnosed adults have poor glycemic control [glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) >7.5%]. We developed a diabetes self-management education program contextualized to the study population, including dietary preferences, health literacy, and health system.

Objectives: We aimed to evaluate the efficacy of a self-management + text message program (¡Sí, Yo Puedo Vivir Sano con Diabetes!) on primary (HbA1c), and secondary behavioral (self-management), clinical, and psychosocial outcomes in adults with T2D in Mexico City.

Methods: Participants were recruited at public …

Birth Across Borders: Migueleña Maternal Experience In Palm Beach County, Florida, Inbal Mazar

Maya America: Journal of Essays, Commentary, and Analysis

Dangers for pregnant Maya women in San Miguel Acatán, a highland hamlet in Huehuetenango, Guatemala are exceptionally high. Those who migrate to Palm Beach County, Florida also face significant risks during pregnancy. However, conceptualizing migrants as vulnerable and non-agentive dismisses the opportunity to explore other dimensions of migrant women experiences. Interviews with Migueleña mothers and midwives and health professionals and advocates in both regions revealed resilience strategies Migueleña migrants create and employ as they navigate linguistically and culturally foreign medical systems. The support they provide each other results in more positive maternal experiences under arduous circumstances. Over time, Migueleñas are …

Patient Education In The Hospital-At-Home Care Context, Heli Vaartio-Rajalin, Linda Nyholm, Lisbeth Fagerström

Patient Experience Journal

The objective of this study is to describe adult patients’ and their family caregivers’ experiences of patient education in the hospital-at-home care context. Methods included a cross-sectional descriptive study including three hospital-at-home units in Finland. Adult, non-palliative patients (n = 27) and their family caregivers (n = 18) were interviewed pairwise by telephone, and the data analyzed with inductive thematic content analysis. COREQ guidelines were used to plan and guide the study design. Results concluded both patients and family caregivers seemed to have quite similar knowledge expectations, which only differs slightly from findings in other in- or outpatient contexts. In …

Paying It Forward: A Cancer Survivor And His Wife Share Their Reflections And Recommendations As A Patient And Caregiver, Justin Sandler

Patient Experience Journal

I grew up in the north suburbs of Chicago and had a relatively normal childhood but not necessarily an easy one. Shortly after graduating from Indiana University, I moved out west and have been working in the entertainment industry ever since. My life has been a beautiful and interesting adventure with twists and turns I could have never predicted.

In 2016 it seemed like everything was really coming together. I had been happily married to my wife and business partner Mary Lou Sandler since 2011, and we had been growing our photography/film production studio for as many years. I was …

La Multiplication Des Services De Livraison À Vélo Et Les Problèmes De Santé Et De Sécurité Des Cyclistes Commerciaux : Élaboration De Bonnes Pratiques, Ugo Lachapelle, David Carpentier Laberge, Marie-Soleil Cloutier

Rapports de recherche scientifique

Les emplois nécessitant l’usage d’un vélo se sont diversifiés au-delà de la simple messagerie de plis et colis pour devenir de plus en plus nombreux. Parmi ces types d’emploi, celui qui a connu le plus grand essor à Montréal, comme ailleurs, est la livraison par vélo de repas à domicile. D’autres services mobiles, les déménagements, la vente ambulante et les entreprises de logistique du dernier kilomètre utilisent également de plus en plus souvent le vélo comme moyen de transport. Pourtant, les risques encourus par les cyclistes commerciaux sont peu connus.

Les objectifs du projet étaient d’étudier la croissance de la …

Caffeine’S Physiological And Psychological Effects, Cameron Shadaia

Honors College Theses

In my university honors research paper, I will not only take a look at the physiological and psychological effects of the body, but also the proper range of caffeine intake, the situational purposes for caffeine, the best and worst ways to introduce caffeine into the body, and popular beverages that are commonly used for caffeine consumption. This research paper draws upon a variety of studies in which caffeine was the topic of interest. The conclusion that is drawn upon is that caffeine can have many benefits if used in a proper dosage. Negative effects have a higher likelihood of occurring …

The Community Health System In The Drc: An Overview, Frontline Health Project

Reproductive Health

This brief provides an overview of the community health system in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC). The community health system is decentralized and operates across five levels: national, provincial, health zone, health area, and community. Various policy documents guide DRC’s community health system, including The National Health Development Plan 2016–2020. Relais communautaire (RECOs) are the main cadre of community health workers operating in the DRC. They are volunteers who provide a minimum package of reproductive, maternal, newborn, and child health services, including the provision of family planning; integrated community case management for malaria, diarrhea, and respiratory diseases; nutrition …

Gender Differences In Correctional Supervisor Wellbeing, Work, And Home Demands, Emily Long

Honors Scholar Theses

In recent years women’s participation in the American workforce has risen dramatically, while they still maintain the majority of the workload at home and in family life. Despite this increase in employment, women’s occupational health has been consistently underresearched and virtually no research has been conducted on female correctional workers. In this study we utilized a cross-sectional survey administered to 143 participants, both male and female, who work as correctional supervisors at the Connecticut Department of Correction. Participants responded to questions collecting information about their demographics, wellbeing, work, and home demands. Data analysis indicated that women, compared to men, did …

Transitioning From Episodic To Sustained Care In Humanitarian Service, W Howard Mcalister Od, Ma, Mph, Jeffrey L. Weaver Od, Ms, Timothy A. Wingert Od, Kristen Kramlich Od

Optometric Clinical Practice

Background: Humanitarian missions serve populations needing care and usually provide short term interventions. Traditionally, care provided through humanitarian agencies like VOSH International has been episodic, consisting of a short-term mission placing a team in country for several days. There have been discussions that episodic care is a short term measure which impedes the systematic development of a long term solution to providing the necessary health care. The move toward sustained care is a step in the direction of improving the public health in developing countries.

Method: A survey instrument was mailed to the 26 VOSH chapters in the United States …

Food Insecurity Resources At The University Of Mississippi, Summer Jefferson, Anne Cafer, Georgianna Mann

APCRL Policy Briefs

Food security is defined by the United States Department of Agriculture as, "access by all people at all times to enough food for an active, healthy lifestyle." Estimates of food insecurity on college campuses range from 19-46%, but 20-25% of students who are not classified as food insecure still report anxiety about food shortage. The purpose of this policy brief is to contextualize the results from research on the campus awareness of the Ole Miss Food Bank and the nutritional analysis of the Food Bank's offerings.

Infectious Diseases Society Of America Guidelines On The Treatment And Management Of Patients With Covid-19, Amy Hirsch, Yngve Falck-Ytter

Faculty Scholarship

Background: There are many pharmacologic therapies that are being used or considered for treatment of COVID-19. There is a need for frequently updated practice guidelines on their use, based on critical evaluation of rapidly emerging literature. Objective: Develop evidence-based rapid guidelines intended to support patients, clinicians and other health-care professionals in their decisions about treatment and management of patients with COVID-19. Methods: IDSA formed a multidisciplinary guideline panel of infectious disease clinicians, pharmacists, and methodologists with varied areas of expertise. Process followed a rapid recommendation checklist. The panel prioritized questions and outcomes. Then a systematic review of the peer-reviewed and …

Supporting The Role And Transition To Motherhood Through The Occupation Of Feeding, Bethanne N. Vidmar

Student Capstone Papers

The purpose of this capstone was to assess and explore the occupational needs of mothers who are feeding their infants in a variety of ways to then identify psychosocial and occupational barriers effecting women’s choices in feeding options for their infant through survey and interviews and opportunities for occupational therapists to become more involved in the occupation of breastfeeding.

Data analysis for this capstone project consisted of running a needs assessment in Santa Barbara County. The needs assessment consisted of written or online surveys and semi-structured in-depth interviews. Of the 95 women who filled out the hard-copy or online survey, …

Sleep And Diet In Urban Pregnant African American Women, Erica C. Jansen, Louise M. O'Brien, Gwen L. Alexander, Gayle M. Shipp, Gwendolyn Norman, Kathryn Brogan-Hartlieb, Joseph C. Gardiner, Jean M. Kerver

Journal of Health Disparities Research and Practice

ABSTRACT

Objective: Sleep disturbances during pregnancy are associated with gestational diabetes and excessive weight gain. Diet could potentially play a role in these relationships, yet examinations of sleep and diet in African American pregnant populations are scarce.

Methods: The study population includes pregnant African American women from Detroit, MI (n=53). At the baseline study visit during late pregnancy, women were surveyed about typical bed and wake times, as well as usual food intake via a dietary screener. Sleep measures examined included time in bed and sleep midpoint (median of going to bed and wake time). Composite dietary measures …

Assets And Unmet Needs Of Diverse Older Adults: Perspectives Of Community-Based Service Providers In Minnesota, Hayley R. Mccarron, Alana Wright, Rajean P. Moone, Traci Toomey, Theresa L. Osypuk, Tetyana Shippee

Journal of Health Disparities Research and Practice

This paper examines assets and unmet needs of diverse older adults and highlights the need for programs and policies that address the social determinants of health. The United States is undergoing an unprecedented demographic shift, becoming increasingly diverse and aging rapidly. Given these changing demographics, it is important to understand the strengths and needs of our diverse population of older adults. This study captures perspectives of diverse service providers who work with older adults in communities, to identify existing assets as well as unmet needs and challenges facing diverse older adults in Minnesota. Qualitative data were collected using key informant …

Effect Of Poverty Level On The Relationship Between Hyperlipidemia And Cardiorenal Syndrome, Sri K. Banerjee Md, Phd, Raymond Panas, James Diegel, Karen Banerjee

Journal of Health Disparities Research and Practice

Purpose. Elevated cholesterol is known to be associated with chronic kidney disease (CKD) and cardiovascular disease (CVD) independently. Cardiorenal syndrome (CRS), a recently defined syndrome, is characterized by renal failure that is closely interrelated to cardiac dysfunction. The effect of socioeconomic status on cardiorenal syndrome has not been explored in a multi-ethnic population. In this retrospective secondary analysis, the hypothesis was tested if socioeconomic status modifies the effect of hyperlipidemia on CRS.

Methods. The National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) is a cross sectional survey done on the non-institutionalized population of the United States. All patients from the NHANES …

A Health/Media Literacy Intervention Improves Adults’ Interpretations Of Sugar-Sweetened Beverage Advertising, Yvonnes Chen, Kathleen J. Porter, Wen You, Paul Estabrooks, Jamie M. Zoellner

Journal of Media Literacy Education

Although excessive sugar-sweetened beverages (SSB) intake is linked to numerous adverse health consequences, media literacy interventions rarely address the influences of food and beverage marketing with a specific focus on adults. This randomized controlled trial study investigated (1) whether media literacy education modifies adults’ perceptions of SSB advertising and (2) whether changes are moderated by health literacy. Results from the multilevel mixed-effects regression analyses with the intention-to-treat last-observation-carried-forward method showed that compared to MoveMore (a matched-contact comparison condition), SIPsmartER (an intervention condition) participants significantly enhanced their skillsets across media literacy domains (i.e., authors/audiences, messages/meanings, representation/reality) between baseline and …

Global Injury Morbidity And Mortality From 1990 To 2017: Results From The Global Burden Of Disease Study 2017, Spencer L. James, Veincent Christian F. Pepito, Global Burden Of Disease Collaborators, 595 Co-Authors

Ateneo School of Medicine and Public Health Publications

Background
Past research in population health trends has shown that injuries form a substantial burden of population health loss. Regular updates to injury burden assessments are critical. We report Global Burden of Disease (GBD) 2017 Study estimates on morbidity and mortality for all injuries.

Methods
We reviewed results for injuries from the GBD 2017 study. GBD 2017 measured injury-specific mortality and years of life lost (YLLs) using the Cause of Death Ensemble model. To measure non-fatal injuries, GBD 2017 modelled injury-specific incidence and converted this to prevalence and years lived with disability (YLDs). YLLs and YLDs were summed to calculate …

Continuous Glucose Monitors To Decrease Hypoglycemia, Sara B. Woodcock

MSN Capstone Projects

Diabetes is a disease that affects millions of people from children to older adults. There is no cure, although it can be managed to prevent complications. Education of student nurses is where they are born and raised to become nurses who save and change lives. Teaching student nurses in depth about diabetes as a disease and the treatments that best fit their specific needs is where educating patients begins. Learning about a secondary option for blood glucose checks can make all the difference for several patients. Multiple finger sticks daily has been the leading way to check blood sugar for …

How Immune T-Cell Augmentation Can Help Prevent Covid-19: A Possible Nutritional Solution Using Ketogenic Lifestyle, Ravi K. Kamepalli Md,Fidsa,Cwsp

The University of Louisville Journal of Respiratory Infections

No abstract provided.

Using The Fitness Challenge To Teach The Principles Of Conditioning And Improve Campus Physical Activity, Shawn R. Simonson

Kinesiology Faculty Publications and Presentations

The goal of KINES 432 Conditioning Procedures is for students to develop the skills to appropriately prescribe exercise and conditioning that will enhance the student’s ability as a practitioner to help others improve conditioning and achieve their health, fitness, and performance goals. The focus is on program objectives, planning, exercise analysis, and prescription as well as the supporting theories, rationale, and research. Application of concepts occurs via projects, service-learning and laboratory experiences. KINES 432 is also designated a university Finishing Foundations course. Boise State University’s Foundational Studies Program provides undergraduates with a broad-based education that spans the entire university experience. …

Delivering Trauma And Rehabilitation Interventions To Women And Children In Conflict Settings: A Systematic Review, Reena P. Jain, Sarah Meteke, Michelle F. Gaffey, Mahdis Kamali, Mariella Munyuzangabo, Daina Als, Shailja Shah, Fahad J. Siddiqui, Amruta Radhakrishnan, Anushka Ataullahjan, Zulfiqar Ahmed Bhutta

Woman and Child Health

Background: In recent years, more than 120 million people each year have needed urgent humanitarian assistance and protection. Armed conflict has profoundly negative consequences in communities. Destruction of civilian infrastructure impacts access to basic health services and complicates widespread emergency responses. The number of conflicts occurring is increasing, lasting longer and affecting more people today than a decade ago. The number of children living in conflict zones has been steadily increasing since the year 2000, increasing the need for health services and resources. This review systematically synthesised the indexed and grey literature reporting on the delivery of trauma and rehabilitation …

Covid-19-Related Knowledge, Attitudes, And Practices Among Adolescents And Young People In Bihar And Uttar Pradesh, India: Study Description, Rajib Acharya, Mukta Gundi, Thoai Ngo, Neelanjana Pandey, Sangram Kishor Patel, Jessie Pinchoff, Shilpi Rampal, Niranjan Saggurti, K.G. Santhya, Corinne White, A.J. Francis Zavier

Poverty, Gender, and Youth

To control the spread of COVID-19 in India and to aid the efforts of the Ministry of Health and Family Welfare (MOHFW), the Population Council and other non-governmental organizations are conducting research to assess residents’ ability to follow sanitation and social distancing precautions under a countrywide lockdown. The Population Council COVID-19 study team is implementing rapid phone-based surveys to collect information on knowledge, attitudes and practices, as well as needs, among 2,041 young people (ages 19-23 years) and/or an adult household member, sampled from an existing prospective cohort study with a total sample size of 20,574 in Bihar (n=10,433) and …

Traditional Chinese Medicine And Its Role In Women’S Health, Ezekiel Smith

Senior Honors Theses

This paper is a literature review of traditional Chinese medicine and its role in women’s health. A search was performed and a group of 208 articles were initially found using the Liberty Summons search engine. Out of those 208 articles, only 16 were included based on various criteria. The articles were then read and analyzed and compiled into two main themes: maternal health and an “other” category. The findings resulted in strong evidence for some herbal treatments and acupuncture in a select few areas, with inconclusive evidence for other acupuncture treatments and a mixed review of the traditional “Doing a …

Increasing Patient Adherence To Gestational Weight Gain Goals In Pregnancy, Annie Vining

Dissertations

Abstract

Problem: The inability to maintain healthy weight gain during pregnancy may contribute to multiple pregnancy-related complications. Nutritional education and support may improve nutrition and vitamin consumption, and recommendations for healthy gestational weight gains have been published. However, pregnant women have reported minimal advice regarding healthy weight gain during pregnancy. A personalized, nutritional counseling program was initiated in a Midwestern, suburban OB-GYN private practice.

Methods: A quality improvement descriptive, correlational design was used. A cohort of pregnant women first trimester through six-weeks postpartum received individual counseling and face-to-face interaction at an office visit each trimester.

Results: Twenty ( …

Kenya: Covid-19 Knowledge, Attitudes, Practices And Needs—Responses From Second Round Of Data Collection In Five Nairobi Informal Settlements (Kibera, Huruma, Kariobangi, Dandora, Mathare), Population Council

Poverty, Gender, and Youth

To control the spread of coronavirus, the Kenyan Ministry of Health COVID-19 Taskforce has implemented initial prevention and mitigation measures. Of concern are the densely overcrowded, poor urban slums where sanitation and social distancing measures are near impossible. COVID-19 would spread rapidly and be devastating under these conditions. To inform the Taskforce strategy, the Population Council COVID-19 study team utilizes rapid phone-based surveys to collection information on knowledge, attitudes and practices among ~2,000 heads of household sampled from existing prospective cohort studies across five Nairobi urban slums. Iterations of the survey will be conducted every 1-2 weeks. Baseline findings on …

2020-04-21 Daily Unm Global Health Covid-19 Briefing, Christophe G. Lambert, Shawn Stoicu, Lori D. Sloane, Anastasiya Nestsiarovich, Praveen Kumar, Nicolas Lauve, Hannah Groves, Rachel D. King, Alexandra Yingling, Jenny Situ, Allison Price, Lynnmarie Jarratt, Ariel Hurwitz, Shahad Hersi, Ryen Ormesher, Samuel Anyona, Perez Olewe, Elly Munde, Cristian Bologa, Kristine Tollestrup, Orrin Myers, Gregory Mertz, Ingrid Hendrix, Douglas J. Perkins

HSC Covid 19 Briefings

Executive Summary:

NM updates. YesNM assistance. Ventilator production. Georgia reopening. Wisconsin legal challenge. Pending immigration suspension. Religious restriction parity. Hong Kong restrictions. Global food shortages. Mexico rapid spread. Oil futures negative. Socio-economic implications. Clinical disease patterns. Healthcare worker testing. WHO courses. Vaccine volunteers to be infected. Intervention impacts. Social distancing tribal. NIH releases treatment guidelines. Guidelines on: thromboembolism Tx, IBD endoscopy, vascular surgery, nutritional management, cutaneous lymphomas, cardiac surgery triage, cellular therapy. LA has 40X known cases. At-home testing. ELISA diagnostic tool. CRISPR vs. PCR. Testing coordination. Hydroxychloroquine prophylaxis. VA hydroxychloroquine study. 52 new clinical trials. Coagulation disorders. Cardiac injury. …

Lifestyle Changes And Glycemic Control In Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus: A Trial Protocol With Factorial Design Approach, Sobia Sawani, Amna Siddiqui, Syed Iqbal Azam, Khadija N Humayun, Asma Ahmed, Aysha Habib, Sabahat Naz, Mayera Tufail, Romaina Iqbal

Community Health Sciences

Background: Type 1 diabetes (T1D) has been increasing globally over the past three decades. Self-monitoring of blood glucose is a challenge in both developed as well as developing countries. Self-management guidelines include maintaining logbooks for blood glucose, physical activity, and dietary intake that affect glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) and a multitude of life-threatening acute complications. Innovative, cost-effective interventions along with beneficial lifestyle modifications can improve home-based self-monitoring of blood glucose in T1D patients. The overall objective of this study is to evaluate the relationship between maintaining log books for blood glucose levels, reinforcement by e-messages, and/or daily step count and changes …

Community Cooking Course To Combat Nutritional Knowledge Deficit, Heather R. Bohman

MSN Capstone Projects

More than two-thirds of American adults and almost one-third of American children are overweight or obese. Not only are the statistics alarming, the cost of obesity is staggering. Obesity robs an individual of their quality of life and costs the U.S. healthcare system an estimated $147 billion a year in obesity-related illness (Finkelstein, Trogdon, Cohen, & Dietz, 2009). The need to find solutions to improve the health of Americans is clear and communities are called to respond. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC, 2018) recommends partnership with local agencies to promote obesity prevention initiatives and create a healthier …

Evaluation Of School Wellness Policies For Accordance With The Healthy, Hunger Free Kids Act Of 2010 And Obesity Prevention, Marissa Conley

Galileo-W Conference

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