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Assessing The Correlation Between The Socioeconomic Level And Cognitive Function Among Older Adults In Egypt, Macy Abougabal

Theses and Dissertations

The number of older adults is increasing worldwide at an unprecedented rate. Some countries began to understand the challenges of aging, while others are still at the stage of comprehending the true dimensions of the situation. There is a global focus on aging research to appropriately mitigate the negative impact of aging and cognitive decline. Not only that dementia add economic pressure on governments, it also increase the psychological and physical burden of the caregivers. Scholars have previously studied socioeconomic level in three variables, namely work, education, and income, and their relationship with cognitive function. It was concluded that the …

Social Risks, Social Needs, And Attitudes Toward Social Health Screening 1 Year Into The Covid-19 Pandemic: Survey Of Adults In An Integrated Health Care Delivery System, Nancy P Gordon, Carmen Byker Shanks, Richard W Grant

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Introduction Information about demographic differences in social risks, needs, and attitudes toward social health screening in non-highly vulnerable adult populations is lacking. Methods The authors analyzed data for 2869 Kaiser Permanente Northern California non-Medicaid-covered members aged 35 to 85 who responded to a 2021 English-only mailed/online survey. The survey covered 7 social risk and 11 social needs domains and attitudes toward social health screening. The authors used data weighted to the Kaiser Permanente Northern California membership to estimate prevalence of risks, needs, and screening receptivity in the overall population, by race/ethnicity (White, Black, Latinx, Asian American/Pacific Islander) and age (35-65 …

Final (Year 2) Report To Oha On Sogi Demographic Standards For Minors, Martin Arrigotti, Nell Carpenter, Kieran Chase, Alysia Cox, Itai Jeffries, Alexis Dinno

OHSU-PSU School of Public Health Faculty Publications and Presentations

Executive Summary

The report synthesizes thoughtful recommendations of the authors to the Oregon Health Authority (OHA) about routine data collection of SOGI† (sex, sexual orientation, and gender) demographic data in minors for clinical and reporting purposes. We see five primary motivations to routinely collect SOGI data, including to:

1. create an inclusive practice in order to welcome and make space for people from historically excluded genders, sexes, and sexual orientations,
2. promote health equity between minority and majority SOGI identities,
3. direct group-specific services towards those who need them,
4. represent the actual diversity of Oregon, and its communities, and
5. shift normative expectations about …

The Effectiveness Of Disinfection Protocols In Medical School Osteopathic Manipulative Medicine Labs., Harrison A. Patrizio, Riley Phyu, Thomas Boyle, Todd Schachter

Rowan-Virtua School of Osteopathic Medicine Departmental Research

CONTEXT: In light of the COVID-19 pandemic, healthcare-associated infections have taken center stage. Healthcare has adjusted workflows to accommodate for more robust disinfecting regiments to help protect the community. This has resulted in the need for medical institutions to reevaluate the current disinfection protocols down to the student level. The osteopathic manipulative medicine (OMM) laboratory provides an optimal avenue for assessing the effectiveness of medical students' ability to clean examination tables. With OMM laboratories having a high level of interaction, adequate disinfection is important for the health and safety of students and teaching faculties.

OBJECTIVES: This study will evaluate the …

Microbiome Alteration Via Fecal Microbiota Transplantation Is Effective For Refractory Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor-Induced Colitis, Taylor M Halsey, Anusha S Thomas, Tomo Hayase, Weijie Ma, Hamzah Abu-Sbeih, Baohua Sun, Edwin Roger Parra, Zhi-Dong Jiang, Herbert L Dupont, Christopher Sanchez, Rawan El-Himri, Alexandria Brown, Ivonne Flores, Lauren Mcdaniel, Miriam Ortega Turrubiates, Matthew Hensel, Dung Pham, Stephanie S Watowich, Eiko Hayase, Chia-Chi Chang, Robert R Jenq, Yinghong Wang

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) target advanced malignancies with high efficacy but also predispose patients to immune-related adverse events like immune-mediated colitis (IMC). Given the association between gut bacteria with response to ICI therapy and subsequent IMC, fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) represents a feasible way to manipulate microbial composition in patients, with a potential benefit for IMC. Here, we present a large case series of 12 patients with refractory IMC who underwent FMT from healthy donors as salvage therapy. All 12 patients had grade 3 or 4 ICI-related diarrhea or colitis that failed to respond to standard first-line (corticosteroids) and second-line …

Effect Of Fenugreek And Curry Leaves Powder On Dyslipidemia- A Randomized Controlled Pilot Study, Syeda Farha S, Shivani Agarwal, Vanitha Reddy P

International Journal of Health and Allied Sciences

Background: Dyslipidemias, a disorder of lipid metabolism, is widely established as an independent major and modifiable risk factor of cardiovascular disease (CVD). The conditions are common worldwide and a leading cause of death in India, and has even riven the age bar swaying in young people too. The significant effect of an increase in dyslipidemias depends on diabetes and hypertension. Nutraceuticals, derived from food sources serve as an alternative therapy for the management of dyslipidemia. India is home to multitudinous medicinal plants, of which many remain underutilized. Murraya Koenigii (curry leaf) and Trigonella foenum-graecum (fenugreek leaves) are well-proven as good …

Disparities In Violent Fatal Injury Among Racial And Ethnic Minorities, 2009–2019: A Portfolio Analysis Of United States—National Institutes Of Health, Maria-Isabel Roldós, Tilda Farhat, Marcia M. Gómez

Publications and Research

The excess mortality burden due to violent fatal injuries is an urgent public health issue for adolescents and young adults, especially those from racial and ethnic minority populations. We examined the research portfolio of the United States National Institutes of Health (NIH) related to violent fatal injuries between 2009 and 2019 to focus on adolescents and young adults from NIH-designated populations experiencing health disparities and to identify trends and research gaps. We analyzed funded projects by populations covered, geographic location of the study population, type of research (etiology, intervention, methodology), type of determinants, and publications generated. In 10 years, NIH …

Healthy Eating Interventions Delivered In Early Childhood Education And Care Settings For Improving The Diet Of Children Aged Six Months To Six Years, Sze Lin Yoong, Melanie Lum, Luke Wolfenden, Jacklyn Jackson, Courtney Barnes, Alix E. Hall, Sam Mccrabb, Nicole Pearson, Cassandra Lane, Jannah Z. Jones, Lauren Dinour, Therese Mcdonnell, Debbie Booth, Alice Grady

Department of Nutrition and Food Studies Scholarship and Creative Works

Background

Dietary intake during early childhood can have implications on child health and developmental trajectories. Early childhood education and care (ECEC) services are recommended settings to deliver healthy eating interventions as they provide access to many children during this important period. Healthy eating interventions delivered in ECEC settings can include strategies targeting the curriculum (e.g. nutrition education), ethos and environment (e.g. menu modification) and partnerships (e.g. workshops for families). Despite guidelines supporting the delivery of healthy eating interventions in this setting, little is known about their impact on child health.

Objectives

To assess the effectiveness of healthy eating interventions delivered …

Exposure Levels Of Airborne Fungi, Bacteria, And Antibiotic Resistance Genes In Cotton Farms During Cotton Harvesting And Evaluations Of N95 Respirators Against These Bioaerosols, Atin Adhikari, Pratik Banerjee, Taylor Thornton, Daleniece Higgins, Caleb Adeoye, Sonam Sherpa

Biostatistics, Epidemiology & Environmental Health Sciences: Faculty Publications

The USA is the third-leading cotton-producing country worldwide and cotton farming is common in the state of Georgia. Cotton harvest can be a significant contributor to airborne microbial exposures to farmers and nearby rural communities. The use of respirators or masks is one of the viable options for reducing organic dust and bioaerosol exposures among farmers. Unfortunately, the OSHA Respiratory Protection Standard (29 CFR Part 1910.134) does not apply to agricultural workplaces and the filtration efficiency of N95 respirators was never field-tested against airborne microorganisms and antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) during cotton harvesting. This study addressed these two information gaps. …

Diet Quality Among Pre-Adolescent African American Girls In A Randomized Controlled Obesity Prevention Intervention Trial, Debbe Thompson, Yiming Mirabile, Noemi Islam, Chishinga Callender, Salma M A Musaad, Julie Miranda, Jennette P Moreno, Jayna M Dave, Tom Baranowski

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Consuming an unhealthy diet increases health risks. This study assessed the impact of a culturally adapted behaviorally innovative obesity prevention intervention (The Butterfly Girls and the Quest for Founder’s Rock) on diet quality in pre-adolescent non-Hispanic Black/African American girls. The RCT consisted of three groups (experimental, comparison, and waitlist control); block randomization allocated participants to each group. The two treatment groups varied in terms of whether or not they set goals. Data were collected at baseline (prior to receiving the intervention), post 1 (3 months post-baseline), and post 2 (6 months post-baseline). Two dietitian-assisted 24 h dietary recalls …

Early Postpartum Hba1c After Hyperglycemia First Detected In Pregnancy-Imperfect But Not Without Value, Ankia Coetzee, David R Hall, Mari Van De Vyver, Magda Conradie

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

BACKGROUND: South African women of childbearing age are disproportionally affected by obesity and at significant risk of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM). Unless pregnant, they do not readily undergo screening for T2DM. With a local focus on improved antenatal care, hyperglycemia is often first detected in pregnancy (HFDP). This may erroneously be attributed to Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM) in all without considering T2DM. Glucose evaluation following pregnancy is essential for early detection and management of women with T2DM in whom persistent hyperglycemia is to be expected. Conventional testing with an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) is cumbersome, prompting investigation for …

An Audit Of Diabetes-Dependent Quality Of Life And Glycemic Control Among Type 2 Diabetes Patients In A Tertiary Hospital In Bangkok: A Hospital-Based Cross-Sectional Study, Nattaya Tungsirikoon, Nopporn Howteerakul, Nawarat Suwannapong, Petch Rawdaree

Journal of Health Research

Background: This hospital-based cross-sectional study aimed to examine the association between diabetes-specific quality of life (QoL), diabetes-related clinical characteristics and glycemic control among type 2 diabetes (T2DM) patients.

Methods: 335 T2DM patients receiving treatment at the diabetes clinic of a tertiary hospital in Bangkok, Thailand, were recruited into the study. The Audit of Diabetes-Dependent Quality of Life (ADDQoL19) was used to assess QoL. The ADDQoL scores were split into two groups using quartiles. The group in the lower quartile was considered as “having low QoL.” Hemoglobin A1c (A1C) was used as an index of glycemic control.

Results: 67.8% of participants …

The Physical Activity Of Spanish Speleologists: Accomplishment Of Recommendations And Differences By Sociodemographic Variables, Miquel Pans, Laura Antón-González, Maite Pellicer-Chenoll

International Journal of Speleology

Outdoor adventure activities are becoming more popular due to their potential health benefits, although there is little scientific information on speleology as a physical activity (PA). The purpose of this study is to expand the scientific evidence in this field in two ways: (a) describe the PA performed by speleologists, taking into account the variables of interest such as gender, age, education, speleological level, participation in ‘Alpine’ explorations and body mass index (BMI) and (b) identify how far the World Health Organization’s (WHO) PA recommendations were accomplished (i.e.,150 min of moderate-intensity aerobic PA or 75 min of vigorous-intensity aerobic). A …

Factors Associated With Food Choice Motivations Among Urban High School Students In Indonesia, Syarifah Aqilah, Anuchit Phanumartwiwath, Nutta Taneepanichskul

Journal of Health Research

Background: This study aimed to examine what reasons motivated urban high school students to choose certain foods, and to identify factors associated with food choice motivations.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted from April to May 2020 in Depok, Indonesia. A total of 433 high school students in grades 10–12 were recruited. Food choice motivations were identified using a questionnaire, and defined using exploratory factor analysis. Possible factors associated with motivations were evaluated using multiple linear regression.

Results: Five food choice motivations were identified and classed as: F1, health and religion; F2, price and convenience; F3, comfort; F4, weight control; …

Community Recommendations For Enhanced Regional Survivorship Outcomes: A Case For Social And Structural Determinants Of Health From A U.S. National Cancer Institute (Nci) Designated Cancer Center, Marcie S. Wright, Alisa E. Brewer, Matthew Wells, Michael A. Preston, Maria D. Thomson, Vanessa B. Sheppard

Journal of Health Research

Background: The number of cancer survivors has increased drastically as a result of advances in early detection and treatment strategies. Nevertheless, many survivors in the cancer survivorship population face unique problems, risks, and needs. The study for this short report obtained qualitative data to assess barriers and facilitators to cancer care survivorship in urban and rural communities from a National Cancer Institute (NCI) Designated Cancer Center Catchment Area in the southeastern United States.

Methods: Thirty (n=30) community stakeholders participated in in-depth interviews. The interviews were audiotaped, transcribed, and coded by independent raters. Inter-rater reliabilities indicated adequate agreement [inter-rater reliability (r)= …

A Nurse-Led Telehealth Program For Diabetes Foot Care: Feasibility And Usability Study, Hsiao-Hui Ju, Rashmi Momin, Stanley Cron, Jed Jularbal, Jeffery Alford, Constance Johnson

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

BACKGROUND: Diabetes mellitus can lead to severe and debilitating foot complications, such as infections, ulcerations, and amputations. Despite substantial progress in diabetes care, foot disease remains a major challenge in managing this chronic condition that causes serious health complications worldwide.

OBJECTIVE: The primary aim of this study was to examine the feasibility and usability of a telehealth program focused on preventive diabetes foot care. A secondary aim was to descriptively measure self-reported changes in diabetes knowledge, self-care, and foot care behaviors before and after participating in the program.

METHODS: The study used a single-arm, pre-post design in 2 large family …

Inequalities In Wellbeing In Lebanese Children And Different Refugee Subpopulations: A Multidimensional Child Deprivation Analysis, Zeina Jamaluddine, Gloria Safadi, Alexandra Irani, Nisreen Salti, Jad Chaaban, Sawsan Abdulrahim, Alban Thomas, Hala Ghattas Ph.D.

Faculty Publications

Background and Objectives:

This study constitutes the first attempt to describe the overlapping deprivations faced by Lebanese children (Lebanese) and that of the three sub-populations of refugees living in Lebanon: Palestinian refugees living in Lebanon, Palestinian refugees from Syria and Syrian refugees.

Methods:

Using data from the United Nations International Children's Emergency Fund (UNICEF) Household Survey 2016 (n = 10,555 Lebanese; 7,106 Palestinian refugees living in Lebanon; 2,768 Palestinian refugees from Syria and 5,891 Syrian refugee children aged 2 to 17 years old), we report on single and overlapping deprivations (at least two concurrent deprivations) using indicators related to survival …

The Health Impacts Of The Trump Administration Among California Immigrants, Claudia M. Calhoon

Dissertations and Theses

Immigration policy was a marquee issue in the US presidential administration of Donald Trump. Trump’s administration employed both policy and rhetoric related to immigrants to mobilize voters, alter immigration policies and practices, and sustain a narrative of a nation under attack by immigrants. Administration officials were able to undertake these approaches because of existing immigration law, but they did so in more explicitly punitive ways than in recent administrations. The goal of this dissertation is to explore the health impacts of the administration’s practices and their effects. Paper 1 analyzes the immigration rhetoric and policies of US president Donald Trump …

Improving Microbiome Research Through Enhanced Reporting And Modeling The Effects Of Antibiotic Usage, Chloe A. Mirzayi

Dissertations and Theses

I consider two key areas in the growing field of human microbiome research: improving the quality of study reporting and the impact of antibiotics on participants in human gut microbiome research studies. In the first chapter, a team of evaluators used the Strengthening the Organization and Reporting of Microbiome Studies (STORMS) checklist to assess recently published microbiome literature. I found moderate agreement and reliability between evaluators, identified several items in STORMS that could be improved, and confirmed that the STORMS checklist can serve as a tool for assessing the reporting quality of published microbiome study. The next chapter considers pre-exposure …

Curated And Harmonized Gut Microbiome 16s Rrna Amplicon Data From Dietary Fiber Intervention Studies In Humans, Cynthia I Rodriguez, Ali Keshavarzian, Bruce R Hamaker, Feitong Liu, Genelle R Lunken, Heather Rasmussen, Hongwei Zhou, Julien Tap, Kelly S Swanson, Maria Ukhanova, Marion Leclerc, Martin Gotteland, Paola Navarrete, Petia Kovatcheva-Datchary, Wendy J Dahl, Jennifer B H Martiny

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Next generation amplicon sequencing has created a plethora of data from human microbiomes. The accessibility to this scientific data and its corresponding metadata is important for its reuse, to allow for new discoveries, verification of published results, and serving as path for reproducibility. Dietary fiber consumption has been associated with a variety of health benefits that are thought to be mediated by gut microbiota. To enable direct comparisons of the response of the gut microbiome to fiber, we obtained 16S rRNA sequencing data and its corresponding metadata from 11 fiber intervention studies for a total of 2,368 samples. We provide …

Evaluation Of Feasibility And Acceptability Of A Web-Based Diabetes Prevention Program (Dpp) For Diabetes Risk Reduction In Chinese Americans In New York City, Ming-Chin Yeh, Wincy Lau, Claire Anselmo Keady, Margrethe Horlyck-Romanovsky, Ho-Jui Tung, Lu Hu, Grace X. Ma, Judith Wylie-Rosett

Health Policy & Community Health: Faculty Publications

Introduction: Intensive lifestyle intervention remains an effective modality to reduce diabetes incidence and delay the progression to type 2 diabetes. The primary aim of this study was to pilot-test the feasibility and acceptability of a culturally and linguistically tailored web-based DPP intervention among Chinese Americans with prediabetes living in New York City.

Methods: Thirteen Chinese American participants with prediabetes were recruited to complete a 1-year web-based Diabetes Prevention Program (DPP) lifestyle intervention. Quantitative and qualitative measures such as retention rate and data collected from web-based questionnaires and focus groups were collected and analyzed to assess study feasibility and …

Evaluating The Use Of Blood Pressure Polygenic Risk Scores Across Race/Ethnic Background Groups, Nuzulul Kurniansyah, Matthew O Goodman, Alyna T Khan, Jiongming Wang, Elena Feofanova, Joshua C Bis, Kerri L Wiggins, Jennifer E Huffman, Tanika Kelly, Tali Elfassy, Xiuqing Guo, Walter Palmas, Henry J Lin, Shih-Jen Hwang, Yan Gao, Kendra Young, Gregory L Kinney, Jennifer A Smith, Bing Yu, Simin Liu, Sylvia Wassertheil-Smoller, Joann E Manson, Xiaofeng Zhu, Yii-Der Ida Chen, I-Te Lee, C Charles Gu, Donald M Lloyd-Jones, Sebastian Zöllner, Myriam Fornage, Charles Kooperberg, Adolfo Correa, Bruce M Psaty, Donna K Arnett, Carmen R Isasi, Stephen S Rich, Robert C Kaplan, Susan Redline, Braxton D Mitchell, Nora Franceschini, Daniel Levy, Jerome I Rotter, Alanna C Morrison, Tamar Sofer

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

We assess performance and limitations of polygenic risk scores (PRSs) for multiple blood pressure (BP) phenotypes in diverse population groups. We compare "clumping-and-thresholding" (PRSice2) and LD-based (LDPred2) methods to construct PRSs from each of multiple GWAS, as well as multi-PRS approaches that sum PRSs with and without weights, including PRS-CSx. We use datasets from the MGB Biobank, TOPMed study, UK biobank, and from All of Us to train, assess, and validate PRSs in groups defined by self-reported race/ethnic background (Asian, Black, Hispanic/Latino, and White). For both SBP and DBP, the PRS-CSx based PRS, constructed as a weighted sum of PRSs …

Economic | Education, Lauri Deruiter-Willems, Misty Rhoads, Nikki Hillier, Amanda Harvey, Stacey Knight-Davis

Belonging, A photovoice project: Exhibit

Photos and short writings from Public Health & Nutrition undergraduate students describing the economic and education dimensions of the social determinants of health.

Improvement Of Community Health Worker Counseling Skills Through Early Childhood Development (Ecd) Videos, Supervision And Mentorship: A Mixed Methods Pre-Post Evaluation From Tanzania, Josephine Pascal Ferla, Michelle M. Gill, Teopista Komba, Amina Abubakar, Pieter Remes, Ola Jahanpour, Gretchen Antelman

Institute for Human Development, East Africa

Background: Community health workers (CHWs) play significant roles in improving health practices in under- resourced communities. This study evaluated an early childhood development (ECD) project in Tanzania assessing the effect of mobile video use, supervision and mentorship to improve quality of CHW counseling skills.

Methods: CHWs participating in the Malezi Project in Tabora Region were enrolled in a mixed methods pre-post evaluation. CHWs previously trained in UNICEF’s Care for Child Development package were further trained in counselling caregivers on nurturing care and father engagement using videos. Health providers were trained to provide ECD-focused supervision/mentorship of CHWs in facilities and …

Navigating Life With Hiv As An Older Adult On The Kenyan Coast: Perceived Health Challenges Seen Through The Biopsychosocial Model, Patrick Mwangala, Ryan G. Wagner, Charles Newton, Amina Abubakar

Institute for Human Development, East Africa

Objectives: This study explores the perceptions of adults living with HIV aged ≥50 years (recognized as older adults living with HIV—OALWH), primary caregivers and healthcare providers on the health challenges of ageing with HIV at Kilifi, a low literacy setting on the coast of Kenya.

Methods: We utilized the biopsychosocial model to explore views from 34 OALWH and 22 stakeholders on the physical, mental, and psychosocial health challenges of ageing with HIV in Kilifi in 2019. Data were drawn from semi-structured in-depth interviews, which were audio-recorded and transcribed. A framework approach was used to synthesize the data.

Results: Symptoms of …

Prenatal And Childhood Exposure To Organophosphate Pesticides And Behavior Problems In Adolescents And Young Adults In The Chamacos Study, Sharon K. Sagiv, Ana M. Mora, Stephen Rauch, Katherine R. Kogut, Carly Hyland, Robert B. Gunier, Asa Bradman, Julianna Deardorff, Brenda Eskenazi

Public and Population Health Faculty Publications and Presentations

Background: We previously reported associations of prenatal exposure to organophosphate (OP) pesticides with poorer neurodevelopment in early childhood and at school age, including poorer cognitive function and more behavioral problems, in the Center for the Health Assessment of Mothers and Children of Salinas (CHAMACOS), a birth cohort study in an agriculture community.

Objective: We investigated the extent to which early-life exposure to OP pesticides is associated with behavioral problems, including mental health, in youth during adolescence and early adulthood.

Methods: We measured urinary dialkylphosphates (DAPs), nonspecific OP metabolites, in urine samples collected from mothers twice during pregnancy (13 and 26 …

Food Insecurity Among Deaf And Hard Of Hearing: A Scoping Review, Rylea Saunders, Laportia Jackson, Julia Vandermolen

JADARA

The authors employed a scoping review to examine peer-reviewed journal articles published between 2017 and 2020 focusing on the relationship between food insecurity among deaf and hard of hearing (DHOH) populations and language barriers using American Sign Language (ASL). Four databases yielded 257 peer-reviewed articles during the initial search. Four peer-reviewed articles were included in the review to explore the relationship between food insecurity among DHOH populations and language barriers using ASL. Multiple contributing factors create a food-insecure individual. Results indicate that income level, mental health status, and caregiver communication are all predictors of food security for DHOH. One of …

The Association Between Criminal Defendants And Health In Kalamazoo County (2012-2016), Ernest Baffour Tweneboa

Masters Theses

Addressing exposure to criminal defendants as a public health issue is crucial to achieving health equity. The presence of criminal defendants has been linked to adverse health behaviors or outcomes that might be associated with anxiety, depression, and negative coping mechanisms. However, crime as a social variable has been understudied. This study therefore seeks to find the association between crime-related stressors and adverse health effects within Kalamazoo County (a mid-sized county with a population of about 250,000) between 2012 and 2016. The methods employed include geocoding of defendant addresses and mapping of defendant rates aggregated at the tract level using …

Recruitment And Reach In A School-Based Pediatric Obesity Intervention Trial In Rural Areas., Bethany Forseth, Brittany Lancaster, Megan Olalde, Christie A. Befort, Rebecca E. Swinburne Romine, Meredith Dreyer, Kelsey Dean, Eve-Lynn Nelson, Ann M. Davis

Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers

INTRODUCTION: The purpose of this study is to evaluate two recruitment strategies on schools and participant participation rates and representativeness (reach) within a pediatric obesity treatment trial tailored for families who live in rural areas.

METHODS: Recruitment of schools was evaluated based on their progress toward enrolling participants. Recruitment and reach of participants were evaluated using (1) participation rates and (2) representativeness of demographics and weight status of participants compared to eligible participants (who did not consent and enroll) and all students (regardless of eligibility). School recruitment, as well as participant recruitment and reach, were evaluated across recruitment methods comparing …

The Influence Of Microorganisms On Human Health, Tiffany Bui

University Honors Theses

The purpose of this thesis is to explore the interplay between the environment, lifestyle, and composition of human microbiomes across different communities, with a specific focus on immune and digestive health. This literature review investigates three distinct types of communities: isolated/traditional, transitional, and urban/industrialized communities, each characterized by unique environments, societal structures, and interactions. These factors contribute to the distinct microbial populations and compositions within each community. It is impossible to avoid contact with microorganisms as they are present in every aspect of our lives, from the air we breathe, the water we drink, the soil we walk on, the …