Digital Commons Network^™

Exercise Is Medicine- On Campus, Ryssa Schlaefli

SACAD: Scholarly Activities

Exercise is Medicine on Campus (EIM-OC) envisions a campus culture where all members, across various fields, embrace and implement its principles to transform chronic disease prevention and management. Exercise is Medicine-On Campus fosters collaborative relationships and leadership within the campus community by advertising a healthy lifestyle through fun activities to those studying other Majors/Concentrations. Through a series of events, EIM-OC addresses multiple aspects of health promotion. Events focus on promoting healthy nutrition, cardiovascular fitness, flexibility, strength, and mental health. These initiatives are designed to tackle barriers to exercise such as time constraints, lack of knowledge, and lack of resources for …

Risk And Preventive Factors Of Asthma In Children In Texas, Yvonne A. Deen

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

No abstract provided.

Neighborhood Light At Night And Noise Levels, And Long-Term Sleep Trajectories In The Southern Community Cohort Study, Samuel H Nyarko, Qian Xiao

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

While light at night (LAN) and noise levels have been linked to suboptimal sleep outcomes, little is known about the link between these factors and long-term suboptimal sleep trajectories. The current study examined the association of neighborhood LAN and nighttime noise with long-term sleep trajectories in a cohort of Black individuals and White individuals predominantly from low-income communities. We used data from the Southern Community Cohort Study (N = 28,759 Black individuals and 16,276 White individuals). Sleep duration was self-reported at baseline and after an average of five years of follow-up, based on which we constructed nine sleep trajectories: normal-normal …

Role Of Pregnancy Intention And Substance Use In Postpartum Depression Among Black Women, Asaye Birhanu Mekonnen

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

No abstract provided.

Cognitive And Economic Development, John Luke Gallup

OHSU-PSU School of Public Health Annual Conference

A burgeoning literature finds that early childhood risk factors have large causal effects on individuals' cognitive development, education and earnings, but has not assessed the impact on the economy as a whole.

Cognitive ability is the foundation of human capital and the capacity to learn. The risk factors for poor cognitive development are very high in many countries. Each risk factor also causes child mortality, making child survival a viable proxy for good cognitive development conditions. The cognitive development of current workers happened decades earlier when they were children, providing a predetermined correlate. Controlling for country characteristics, income levels and …

Inequities In Chronic Stress Exposure At The Intersection Of Race, Gender, And Sexual Identity In A Nationally Representative Sample Of U.S. Adults, Jordan M. Lancaster, Efrain H. Chavez Martinez

OHSU-PSU School of Public Health Annual Conference

Background

Social inequity rooted in systemic oppression is robustly associated with mental and physical health; chronic stress is highlighted as a key mechanism. Limited research examining the association between sexual identity alone and C-reactive protein (CRP) – an upstream biological marker of chronic stress exposure – has yielded mixed results.

Purpose

To examine whether race/ethnicity, gender, and sexual identity interact to produce unequal levels of CRP.

Methods

Using cross-sectional data from the 2003-2010 waves of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, we examined intersectional (self-reported race*gender*sexual identity) patterns in log-transformed CRP levels using a multivariable linear model among 10,885 …

The Cost Of Healthy Eating, Diana Prychyna, Miriam R. Elman, Joy Kim, Karen F. Miller, Deonni P. Stolldorf, Sean P. Collins, Bory Kea

OHSU-PSU School of Public Health Annual Conference

Abstract

Background

Each year in the United States, 15-20% of 1 million visits to the Emergency Department for Acute Heart Failure result in home discharge, with patients often experiencing adverse health outcomes within 30 days. The study, Get With the Guidelines in Emergency Department Patients With Heart Failure (GUIDED-HF), utilized ‘Self-Care Coaches’ who meet participants via telehealth calls to discuss self-care maintenance after discharge as a strategy to mitigate adverse health outcomes; and offer provisions of resources, including a cookbook by the American Association for Heart Failure Nurses (AAHFN).

During the calls, we observed gaps in self-care for retired older …

The Association Between Acculturation & C-Reactive Protein In U.S. Immigrants: A Cross-Sectional Study, Jessica Kilinski Bs, Rosol Mikail Bs, Kelly M. Reavis Phd, Mph, Deborah Karasek Phd, Mph

OHSU-PSU School of Public Health Annual Conference

Purpose: Immigrants undergo acculturation as they assimilate to a different culture, potentially leading to immense stress. Our objective was to examine the association between acculturation and C-reactive protein (CRP), a marker of stress-induced inflammation. We hypothesized that U.S. foreign-born adults 20 years and older with higher degrees of acculturation would have higher CRP levels compared to those with lower acculturation.

Method: We used 2017-2018 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) data from 1526 participants to conduct a cross-sectional analysis. We measured acculturation as language spoken at home (categorized as low, moderate, and high) and examined its association with CRP …

Impact Of Medical Formula Shortage On Patients With Inborn Errors Of Metabolism (Iem) And Their Dietitians, Haemin Lee

OHSU-PSU School of Public Health Annual Conference

Since Feb. of 2022, patients with inborn errors of metabolism (IEM) suffered medical formula shortages due to an abrupt shut down of a major formula company in the US. The goal of this project was to understand the nutritional and psychosocial impacts on patients with IEM and changes in patient-dietitian relations as a result of the unexpected formula shortage.

Two survey were set up and disseminated via REDCap to patients(18 years-old or older), parent/legal gurdian of patients in the US, from Dec.2023-Jan.2024. Of those 571 records, 139(60.4%) patient surveys and 166(48.7%) caregiver surveys were retained for analysis after dropping complete …

Spatial-Temporal Variation Of Diarrhea And Associated Sociobehavioral Factors Between 2010-2020 In Rwanda, Amans Ntakarutimana

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

No abstract provided.

Analisis Spasial Faktor Risiko Difteri Di Provinsi Lampung Tahun 2022 Dan 2023, Nada Izzata Kamilla, Feranita Utama, Noviani Noviani

Jurnal Biostatistik, Kependudukan, dan Informatika Kesehatan

Difteri merupakan penyakit menular yang disebabkan oleh bakteri Corynebacterium diphtheriae. Bila ditemukan satu kasus difteri di suatu wilayah maka dapat ditetapkan sebagai KLB. Provinsi Lampung terus mengalami kenaikan kasus dan suspek difteri sejak 2020 dan turut menyumbang angka kematian akibat difteri pada tahun 2023. Kasus difteri dipengaruhi oleh beberapa faktor risiko. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan gambaran distribusi dan faktor risiko kasus difteri di Provinsi Lampung dengan memetakan kabupaten/kota berdasarkan persebaran dan faktor risikonya. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain studi ekologi dengan metode deskriptif analitik dengan aplikasi Quantum GIS versi 3.28.3. Hasil menunjukan distribusi kejadian difteri di Provinsi …

Impact Of Fads Genotype On Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid Content In Human Milk Extracellular Vesicles: A Genetic Association Study, John J. Miklavcic, Natalie Paterson, Jennifer Hahn-Holbrook, Laura M. Glynn

Food Science Faculty Articles and Research

Background

Extracellular vesicles in human milk are critical in supporting newborn growth and development. Bioavailability of dietary extracellular vesicles may depend on the composition of membrane lipids. Single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the fatty acid desaturase gene cluster impact the content of long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids in human milk phospholipids. This study investigated the relation between variation in FADS1 and FADS2 with the content of polyunsaturated fatty acids in extracellular vesicles from human milk.

Methods

Milk was obtained from a cohort of mothers (N = 70) at 2–4 weeks of lactation. SNPs in the FADS gene locus were determined using …

Associations Between Sleep Duration, Sleep Disturbance And Cardiovascular Disease Biomarkers Among Adults In The United States, Prince Nii Ossah Addo, Paddington T. Mundagowa, Longgang Zhao, Mufaro Kanyangarara, Monique J. Brown Ph.D., Mph, Jihong Liu Sc.D.

Faculty Publications

Background

Sleep problems are associated with abnormal cardiovascular biomarkers and an increased risk of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). However, studies investigating associations between sleep problems and CVD biomarkers have reported conflicting findings. This study examined the associations between sleep problems and CVD biomarkers in the United States.

Methods

Data were from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) (2007–2018) and analyses were restricted to adults ≥ 20 years (n = 23,749). CVD biomarkers [C-reactive Protein (CRP), low-density lipoproteins, high-density lipoproteins (HDL), triglycerides, insulin, glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c), and fasting blood glucose] were categorized as abnormal or normal using standardized cut-off …

The Effect Of Dental Insurance Coverage And Economic Fluctuations On Oral Health Outcomes In The United States, Laura Singletary

Senior Theses

Proper oral health is imperative to overall health, but obstacles often persist in

receiving proper oral health care. Lack of dental insurance coverage and economic recessions are two main factors contributing to oral health outcomes. Extended time without cleanings or addressing current oral health concerns exacerbates oral health problems into more costly procedures for the patient that are conveniently not covered by many insurance plans. This thesis investigates the oral health outcomes associated with periods following economic downturns, specifically citing the time of the Great Recession from 2007-2009.

"Fueling For A Healthy Life:" A Cooking Class For Adolescent And Young Adult Childhood Cancer Survivors, Hope Dominique

Senior Theses

Following cancer treatment, childhood cancer survivors (CCS) are at an increased risk of developing chronic diseases and face an increased risk of health-related death during adulthood. Recent literature demonstrates that modifying lifestyle factors such as nutrition can reduce the risk of late mortality in survivors, suggesting that interventions promoting a healthy lifestyle may improve quality and quantity of life for CCS. However, many adolescent and young adult (AYA) CCS do not adhere to national dietary guidelines and face both real and perceived barriers to adopting healthier eating habits while in a critical period for establishing behaviors that contribute to lifelong …

Comparison Of Perceived Stress In First-Year Pre-Med Students And First-Year Medical Students At Usd, Maggie Derner

Honors Thesis

Stress can be caused by many factors, including money, relationships, promotions, grades, and responsibilities. In college, these stressors can be exacerbated. This research dives into stress in both undergraduate students as well as medical students. Previous literature has indicated that high levels of stress are present in students, and it is likely to have negative effects on the students, whether that is their mental or physical well-being. Schools have put interventions in place to help combat the stress levels present in their students. At the University of South Dakota (USD) and USD Sanford School of Medicine (USD SSOM), perceived stress …

Bridging The Gap: Strategies For Enhancing Wic Participation Rates In South Dakota, Melissa K. Wyum

Honors Thesis

The Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children (WIC) is a national program administered by the USDA to State agencies for low-income women and nutritionally at-risk infants and children. South Dakota WIC provides services related to breastfeeding, healthcare referrals, and accessibility/knowledge of nutritious foods. Successes of WIC include improved birth outcomes, decreased healthcare costs, regular immunization rates, establishment of a primary care provider, and improved nutrition status. Although WIC has shown positive health outcomes for mothers and children, the relationship between the barriers of WIC access and resulting health outcomes in South Dakota is unknown. According to the …

The Role Of Sport For Adolescents: The Effect Of Sport Participation As A Unique Form Of Physical Activity On Mental Health And Overall Subjective Well-Being During Adolescence, Caleb M. Rogers

Senior Theses

Well-being is an extremely multifaceted domain, as there are numerous factors that contribute to one’s way of life. Objective well-being focuses primarily on material factors such as access to food, housing, and a steady household income. Although these factors play a large role, it is important to analyze well-being from the perspective of the individual. Subjective well-being focuses on how one perceives one's own well-being. Physical activity has been well established as one factor associated with improvements within this domain for adolescents. This project investigates the role of one specific form of physical activity during adolescence: sport. The general assumption …

Exs 2000 Exercise, Energy Balance, And Weight Management Oer Syllabus, Shannon Caravello

Open Educational Resources

Concepts and principles of energy balance, body composition, weight management, and physical activity as they relate to personal health. Examines the causes of obesity, and its impact on human health and explores weight loss and diet options for the individual from a holistic perspective, including social, emotional, and physical dimensions of human health. Students will complete a lifestyle and nutritional analysis, develop nutritionally sound dietary plans, and design a specialized exercise program tailored to address their personalized weight management goals.

A Latter-Day Disease: Mormons And Cholera In The Nineteenth Century, Alexandra L. Wein

Student Publications

Nineteenth-century America saw the emergence of two seemingly parallel entities - the epidemic disease of cholera and the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, better known as the Mormon faith. To understand the intersection of Mormons and cholera, one must look within the interdisciplinary framework of Civil War-era history, religion, and epidemiology. Cholera epidemics in 1832 and 1849 coincided with the mass Mormon migration west, causing great suffering and death for Mormons traveling by land and sea. While their westward exodus exposed them to cholera, their religious teachings also contributed to why they contracted the disease. The Word of …

Digital Health Technologies For High-Risk Pregnancy Management: Three Case Studies Using Digilego Framework, Sahiti Myneni, Alexandra Zingg, Tavleen Singh, Angela Ross, Amy Franklin, Deevakar Rogith, Jerrie Refuerzo

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

OBJECTIVE: High-risk pregnancy (HRP) conditions such as gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), hypertension (HTN), and peripartum depression (PPD) affect maternal and neonatal health. Patient engagement is critical for effective HRP management (HRPM). While digital technologies and analytics hold promise, emerging research indicates limited and suboptimal support offered by the highly prevalent pregnancy digital solutions within the commercial marketplace. In this article, we describe our efforts to develop a portfolio of digital products leveraging advances in social computing, data science, and digital health.

METHODS: We describe three studies that leverage core methods from

RESULTS: Scalable social computing models using deep learning classifiers …

Una Exploración Sobre La Alimentación Saludable. Percepciones De Mujeres Adultas Entre 31 Y 45 Años Según Su Nivel De Ingresos En La Ciudad Autónoma De Buenos Aires En 2024 / An Exploration Of Healthy Eating. Perceptions Of Adult Women Between 31 And 45 Years Old According To Their Income Level In The Autonomous City Of Buenos Aires In 2024, Anabelle Flaharty

Independent Study Project (ISP) Collection

En los últimos años, Argentina ha identificado los hábitos alimentarios como un área crítica que necesita análisis e intervención. Dado que la desnutrición es una de las principales causas de enfermedades no transmisibles (ENTs), organizaciones mundiales de salud han afirmado que practicar una “alimentación saludable” es una solución práctica a este problema. Entre la población argentina, la alimentación poco saludable ha provocado una epidemia de obesidad, sobrepeso y ENTs. Se sabe que hoy el 31,7 % de las mujeres argentinas adultas y el 30,2 % de los hombres argentinos adultos tienen sobrepeso. Además, la diabetes tiene una prevalencia del 10,5% …

Design, Protocol And Baseline Data Of Nurturing Healthy Teachers, A Cluster Non-Randomized Controlled Trial To Improve The Health, Well-Being, And Food Security Of Preschool And Elementary School Teachers In Houston, Texas, Shreela V Sharma, Mackenzie Senn, Angela Zieba, Miao Tang, Ru-Jye Chuang, Courtney Byrd-Williams, Mike Pomeroy, Azar Gaminian, Jill Cox, Katherine French, Nalini Ranjit

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

BACKGROUND: We present the conceptual framework, design, and study measures of Nurturing Healthy Teachers, a quasi-experimental study to examine the short- and long-term effectiveness of the Nurturing Healthy Teachers (NHT) nutrition intervention on food insecurity, dietary behaviors, mental health and cardiometabolic health among preschool and elementary school teachers.

METHODS: A convenience sample of 28 elementary schools with pre-kindergarten and elementary classrooms were recruited in Houston, Texas. Nurturing Healthy Teacher intervention includes Brighter Bites, an evidence-based coordinated school health program that combines access to fresh produce and nutrition education, and Create Healthy Futures, a web-based nutrition education program that targets nutrition …

Serum Metabolomic Markers Of Protein-Rich Foods And Incident Ckd: Results From The Atherosclerosis Risk In Communities Study, Lauren Bernard, Jingsha Chen, Hyunju Kim, Kari E Wong, Lyn M Steffen, Bing Yu, Eric Boerwinkle, Andrew S Levey, Morgan E Grams, Eugene P Rhee, Casey M Rebholz

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

RATIONALE & OBJECTIVE: While urine excretion of nitrogen estimates the total protein intake, biomarkers of specific dietary protein sources have been sparsely studied. Using untargeted metabolomics, this study aimed to identify serum metabolomic markers of 6 protein-rich foods and to examine whether dietary protein-related metabolites are associated with incident chronic kidney disease (CKD).

STUDY DESIGN: Prospective cohort study.

SETTING & PARTICIPANTS: A total of 3,726 participants from the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities study without CKD at baseline.

EXPOSURES: Dietary intake of 6 protein-rich foods (fish, nuts, legumes, red and processed meat, eggs, and poultry), serum metabolites.

OUTCOMES: Incident CKD (estimated …

From Collaboration To Continuity: Exploring Stakeholder Engagement For Sustainable Global Health Partnerships, Annabelle Falconer

Independent Study Project (ISP) Collection

Global health partnerships have been identified as crucial to achieving the Sustainable Development Goals and targets related to health and wellbeing. Specifically, the Global Fund, UNAIDS Joint Programme, and the World Food Programme are examples of some of the relevant partners currently engaged in this work, filling roles in global health financing, governance, and delivery. Current literature has identified that the effective engagement of stakeholders in partnerships can be crucial in effective project implementation and that global health partnerships during the era of the Millennium Development Goals did impact health outcomes. This research aims to investigate the current strategies for …

Obesity: The Effects On Health And Healthcare, Nadia Abdulbaki

Posters - 2024

▪ In 2022, 1 in 8 people in the world were living with obesity.

▪ 2.8 million people die each year due to being overweight and obese.

▪ Obesity is a medical disease that raises the likelihood of developing various conditions and diseases that increase the chances of mortality for affected individuals.

▪ Obesity can be caused by several influences, whether behavioral, socioeconomic, environmental, hormonal, or genetic; however, the primary cause of obesity is mostly attributed to lifestyle. Specifically, it is the consumption of a high amount of calories in conjunction with a low amount of calories expended. This is …

The Mda’S Michigan Donated Dental Services (Dds) Program: How To Serve The Elderly And Disabled In Your Community And Build Your Team (Without Leaving Your Office!), April Stopczynski

The Journal of the Michigan Dental Association

April Stopczynski, MDA Manager of Access and Prevention, sheds light on the Michigan Donated Dental Services (DDS) program, elucidating its impact on individuals through poignant patient narratives and dentist testimonials. The article illustrates how DDS bridges the gap in dental care for the elderly, disabled, and financially compromised individuals in Michigan. The program not only restores smiles but also transforms lives by providing much-needed dental treatment through volunteer dentists and labs. This article presents the value of DDS for patients, providers, dental team members and the greater community. Information is provided on how to participate in this transformative program.

‘You Have To Respect The Water’: Participant Experiences Of Appreciating And Managing The Risks Associated With Open Water Swimming – A Rapid Ethnographic Study, Mark A. Christie, David Elliott

International Journal of Aquatic Research and Education

Open water swimming (OWS) has rapidly grown in popularity, driven by the purported health benefits of cold-water immersion. A paucity of research remains specifically considering the notable risks inherent in OWS participation, and a lack of qualitative research on freshwater swimming experiences, and safety-related issues therein. This rapid ethnographic study, based at a dedicated OWS lake in the UK, conducted semi-structured interviews with OWS participants (n=17; female=11, male=6). Two core themes emerged: environmental issues impacting OWS experiences and behaviours; and knowledge and education of OWS which highlighted safe/unsafe practices, levels of education for managing risks, personal preparedness, swimming solo/with others, …

Comparison Of Raw Accelerometry Data From Actigraph, Apple Watch, Garmin, And Fitbit Using A Mechanical Shaker Table, James W. White Iii, Olivia L. Finnegan, Nick Tindall, Srihari Nelakuditi, David E. Brown Iii, Russell R. Pate Ph.D., Gregory J. Welk, Massimiliano De Zambotti, Rahul Ghosal, Yuan Wang, Sarah Burkart, Elizabeth L. Adams, Mvs Chandrashekhar, Bridget Armstrong, Michael W. Beets, Robert Weaver Med, Phd

Faculty Publications

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the reliability and validity of the raw accelerometry output from research-grade and consumer wearable devices compared to accelerations produced by a mechanical shaker table. Raw accelerometry data from a total of 40 devices (i.e., n = 10 ActiGraph wGT3X-BT, n = 10 Apple Watch Series 7, n = 10 Garmin Vivoactive 4S, and n = 10 Fitbit Sense) were compared to reference accelerations produced by an orbital shaker table at speeds ranging from 0.6 Hz (4.4 milligravity-mg) to 3.2 Hz (124.7mg). Two-way random effects absolute intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC) tested inter-device reliability. …

Gut Microbiota And Blood Metabolites Related To Fiber Intake And Type 2 Diabetes, Zheng Wang, Brandilyn A Peters, Bing Yu, Megan L Grove, Tao Wang, Xiaonan Xue, Bharat Thyagarajan, Martha L Daviglus, Eric Boerwinkle, Gang Hu, Yasmin Mossavar-Rahmani, Carmen R Isasi, Rob Knight, Robert D Burk, Robert C Kaplan, Qibin Qi

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

BACKGROUND: Consistent evidence suggests diabetes-protective effects of dietary fiber intake. However, the underlying mechanisms, particularly the role of gut microbiota and host circulating metabolites, are not fully understood. We aimed to investigate gut microbiota and circulating metabolites associated with dietary fiber intake and their relationships with type 2 diabetes (T2D).

METHODS: This study included up to 11 394 participants from the HCHS/SOL (Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos). Diet was assessed with two 24-hour dietary recalls at baseline. We examined associations of dietary fiber intake with gut microbiome measured by shotgun metagenomics (350 species/85 genera and 1958 enzymes; n=2992 at …