Digital Commons Network^™

Recognition Of Treponematoses In Post Repatriation X Ray And Cd Rom Nebraska Record, Karl J. Reinhard, Bruce Rothschild, Christine Rothschild, Larry Martin

Karl Reinhard Publications

Repatriation has compromised the opportunity to directly examine skeletons and to apply new diagnostic criteria and techniques. Pre-repatriation approaches to non-metric data acquisition, must make a number of assumptions: ( I ) Phenomena must be correctly identitied and segregated; (2) Criteria for severity must be specific to the phenomena studied; and (3) As criteria for disease rewgnition may change with time, it is valuable only as long as the raw data is also recorded. As part of data preservation, x-rays and CD-ROM images were recorded for skeletons trom Nebraska sites undergoing repatriation. This report concentrates on four of them 250K …

The Role Of Mummy Studies In Paleoparasitology, Adauto Araujo, Karl J. Reinhard, Luiz Fernando Ferreira

Karl Reinhard Publications

Paieoparasitology has advance during the past decade to the status of a statistically based science focused on problems of disease ecology and geographic distribution of parasitism. For most of its development, paleoparasitology has focused on the analysis of coprolites and latrine sediments. During the past few years, mummies have been increasingly included in paleoparasitology studies. We evaluate in this paper the interpretive value of mummies relative to other sources of paleoparasitological data.

EI estudio de la paleoparasitologia ha logrado transformarse, en esta ultima decada, en una ciencia basada en la estadistica, enfocada a temas tales como la ecologia de enfermedades …

Archaeoparasitology, Karl Reinhard

Karl Reinhard Publications

The field devoted to the identification of parasite remains in the archaeological record and the reconstruction of past human-parasite interactions. Parasitic disease has always been a major problem. Recent summaries of the prevalence of parasitic diseases in the world today show that there are 4.5 billion infections with all species of parasitic worm, 1 billion infections with giant intestinal roundworm (Ascaris lumbricoides), 750,000,000 infections with whipworms (Trichuris trichiura), 900,000,000 infections with hookworm (Ancylostoma duodenale and Necator americanus), 657,000,000 infections with filarial worms, 200,000,000 with blood flukes (schistosome species), and 489,000,000 infections with malaria. These infections cause between 1,590,000 to 3,130,000 …

Coprolite Analysis: The Analysis Of Ancient Human Feces For Dietary Data, Karl Reinhard

Karl Reinhard Publications

Although archaeological fieldwork is hot and dirty, the most “earthy” side of the discipline is the laboratory analysis of coprolites. Each coprolite contains the remains of one to several actual meals eaten in prehistory, and analysis of many coprolites provides a picture of ancient diet that is unique in accuracy.

The term coprolite originally referred to fossilized feces in paleontological context. In archaeology, the term broadened to refer to any formed fecal mass, including mineralized, desiccated, or frozen feces and even the intestinal contents of mummies. Coprolites contain the remains of animals (parasites) that lived in the humans, the foods …

Paleopharmacology, Karl Reinhard

Karl Reinhard Publications

An emerging field devoted to the exploration of the archaeological record for evidence of medicinal plants.

In the future, archaeology will have a role in pharmaceutical research. In the late twentieth century, much of the world’s pharmaceutical research has been based on ethnographic documentation of tribally recognized medicinal plants. Once the active chemical compounds in the plants are identified, they are either extracted or synthesized for commercial use. The American film Medicine Man depicts this approach. As shown in the film, such pharmacological research is threatened by declining tribal populations with loss of traditional herbal knowledge coupled with declining biodiversity. …

Cardiovascular Disease Prevention By Sports: Myth Or Reality?, Maria João C. A. Almeida, Steven N. Blair

Faculty Publications

Low levels of physical activity and fitness substantially increase risk of several chronic diseases, reduce longevity, and lead to loss of function. The strength and relation of inactivity to health problems and the high prevalence of sedentary habits in most countries of the world make lack of exercise a major public health problem. Fortunately, there is now good consensus regarding public health recommendations for physical activity from many important medical, scientific, and public health organizations. Recent research on physical activity interventions provides additional approaches to helping sedentary adults become more physically active.

Regional Differences In Indian Health 1998-1999, Indian Health Service

Native Health Database Full Text

This document contains tables and charts that describe the Indian Health Service (IHS) program and the health status of American Indians and Alaska Natives residing in the IHS area. The information is grouped into five major categories: 1) IHS structures, 2) population statistics, 3) natality and infant/maternal mortality statistics, 4) general mortality statistics, and 5) patient care statistics.

Cancer In Louisiana: 1991-1995, Volume 11, Louisiana Tumor Registry, Patricia A. Andrews, Xiao-Cheng Wu, Catherine N. Correa, Beth A. Schmidt, Mohammed N. Ahmed, Vivien W. Chen

Policy & Position Papers

Mission:

To collect and report complete, high-quality, and timely population-based cancer data in Louisiana to support cancer research, control, and prevention.

Vision:

To reduce suffering and death from cancer using information collected by the Louisiana Tumor Registry.

History:

Cancer registration in Louisiana began in 1947 at the Charity Hospital Tumor Registry in New Orleans. In 1974, as part of its Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) Program, the National Cancer Institute provided funds for a population-based cancer incidence and survival registry covering Jefferson, Orleans, and St. Bernard parishes. Five years later, the Louisiana Tumor Registry (LTR) was transferred to the …

The Determinants Of Post-Discharge Healthcare Utilization And Outcomes For Veterans With Posttraumatic Stress Disorder: A Social Ecological Perspective, Shyuemeng Luu

Theses and Dissertations

Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) has a persistent nature: PTSD troubles patients

even decades after the occurrence of traumatic events. The “health behavioral model” is

adopted to examine the effects of external environmental, predisposing, enabling, and

need for care factors on the use of VA post-discharge ambulatory care and readmissions.

Data were obtained from the Patient Treatment File (PTF) and the Outpatient Care File

(OPT), the Area Resource File (ARF), American Hospital Association data sets (AHA), and the Uniform Crime Report (UCR).

The use of VA post-discharge ambulatory care is analyzed by using structural equation modeling (SEM). The readmission to VAMCs …

Predictors Of Condom Use Self-Efficacy And Perceptions Of Responsibilities Of Safer Sex Behaviors Among College Students, Lucy Ann Quatrella

Seton Hall University Dissertations and Theses (ETDs)

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Factors Associated With Asthma Readmissions In Children's Hospitals, Maria Acedo Kronenburg

Health Services Research Dissertations

Asthma is the most common chronic illness of childhood. Pediatric asthma hospitalization rates and costs of care have risen in recent years. Readmissions, an adverse outcome often used to monitor quality of care, may account for the increase in asthma hospitalization rates. This research examined selected hospital and patient risk factors related to asthma readmissions, using Donabedian's framework for structure, process, and outcomes to assess the quality of care for children with asthma. Outcome measures included readmission for asthma within one year of initial hospitalization, readmission within 30 days, and multiple readmissions within one year. Structure factors measured were insurance …

University Baccalaureate Curriculum Analysis For Safety And Health In The United States Of America (Usa) Toward A Model University Baccalaureate Curriculum, Margie L. Kolbe-Mims

Theses: Doctorates and Masters

The goal of this research was to determine a model safety and health baccalaureate curriculum. A secondary target was to ascertain if safety and health practitioners and safety and health educators would concur on course offerings. To simplify this study effort, a search of literature was conducted on the Occupational Safety and Health field. There were no in-depth studies of this type for such a general population; therefore no instrument was available for this study. The perusal of literature indicated that most such studies had been conducted using a more specific target group of subjects. That is, faculties or former …

Social Identity And Substance Abuse In The Lesbian Community, Molly Kerby

Masters Theses & Specialist Projects

The purpose of this study was to determine the degree of substance use (alcohol, tobacco, and other drugs) among members of the lesbian community. Additionally, the investigator attempted to determine if there was a relationship between negative social identity and low selfesteem that is reflected in higher rates of substance abuse. The data collection method employed in this study was a type of nonprobability sampling procedure referred to as a purposive sample. The questionnaire was derived from instruments used by other researchers and validated by an expert panel. In order to select respondents from the lesbian population to be included …

The Utilization Of Outpatient Laboratory Resources At Ireland Army Community Hospital After Implementation Of Tricare, Susan Seeley

Masters Theses & Specialist Projects

The purpose of this study was to compare out patient laboratory utilization patterns of active duty and retired military personnel and their dependents before and after the implementation of TRICARE. A stratified random sample was taken of patient test results over a two year period resulting in a sample size of 104 observations. The Complete Blood Count (CBC) results were used as indicators for the study. Data was gathered on the patient's rank, active duty/retiree status, age, dependent status, and gender. Additionally, the total number of tests were recorded for the year prior to the introduction of TRICARE and after …

Conception D'Un Étançonnement Adapté Aux Excavations En Milieu Urbain : Phase 2, André Lan, Jean Arteau, Martin Tremblay, Serge Gamelin, Denis Leboeuf, Omar Chaallal, Jean-Marc Dugré

Rapports de recherche scientifique

No abstract provided.

La Santé Et La Sécurité Du Travail Dans Les Supermarchés : Résumé, Lina Forcier, Sylvie Beaugrand, Claire Lapointe, Monique Lortie, Jacques Lemaire, Ilkka Kuorinka, Peter Buckle, Jean-Guy Richard

Rapports de recherche scientifique

No abstract provided.

La Santé Et La Sécurité Du Travail Dans Les Supermarchés : La Santé Musculo-Squelettique Des Travailleurs : 4e Rapport, Lina Forcier, Claire Lapointe, Jacques Lemaire, Ilkka Kuorinka, Monique Lortie, Peter Buckle, Sylvie Beaugrand

Rapports de recherche scientifique

No abstract provided.

La Santé Et La Sécurité Du Travail Dans Les Supermarchés : L'Analyse Du Travail : 3e Rapport, Sylvie Beaugrand, Lina Forcier, Jean-Guy Richard, Monique Lortie, Ilkka Kuorinka, Peter Buckle, Jacques Lemaire

Rapports de recherche scientifique

No abstract provided.

La Santé Et La Sécurité Du Travail Dans Les Supermarchés : Intégration Des Résultats Et Pistes Possibles Pour La Prévention : 6e Rapport, Lina Forcier, Sylvie Beaugrand, Claire Lapointe, Monique Lortie, Ilkka Kuorinka, Peter Buckle, Jean-Guy Richard

Rapports de recherche scientifique

No abstract provided.

Évaluation De Matériaux Utilisés Pour La Fabrication De Gants De Pompier, Martin Filteau, Yun Shao

Rapports de recherche scientifique

No abstract provided.

La Santé Et La Sécurité Du Travail Dans Les Supermarchés : L'Analyse Des Lésions Professionnelles Et Un Regard Sur L'Organisation Du Travail : 2e Rapport, Lina Forcier, Claire Lapointe, Jacques Lemaire, Ilkka Kuorinka, Monique Lortie, Peter Buckle

Rapports de recherche scientifique

No abstract provided.

Un Regard Sur Les Supermarchés Corporatifs Dans Le But D'Y Examiner La Santé Et La Sécurité Du Travail, Lina Forcier, Claire Lapointe, Jacques Lemaire, Ilkka Kuorinka, Monique Lortie, Peter Buckle, Sylvie Beaugrand, Jean-Guy Richard

Rapports de recherche scientifique

No abstract provided.

Northwest Tribal Registry--Seattle Indian Health Board Record Linkage Project., J. Bettles, D. Robertson, F.C. Romero, T. Becker, P. Stehr-Green

Native Health Database Full Text

In the last ten years several reports using a variety of health data sets have shown a high proportion of racial misclassification for Northwest American Indians and Alaskan Natives (AI/ANs). The result of this has been an underestimation of the burden of various diseases among Northwest AI/ANs. To address health issues related to misclassification, the Northwest Tribal Epidemiology Center has developed the Northwest Tribal Registry (NTR), which contains a demographic data set of 135,060 Northwest AI/ANs, and which can be used for record linkage studies to ascertain accurate disease rates for Northwest AI/ANs.

Medicare Competitive Pricing: Lessons Being Learned In Phoenix And Kansas City, Nora Super

National Health Policy Forum

Written as policymakers scrutinized two Medicare competitive bidding demonstration projects set to take place in Phoenix and Kansas City, this issue brief analyzes two demonstration projects designed to test whether Medicare could pay health plans in a competitive manner. The brief reviews decisions made by the Competitive Pricing Advisory Commission (CPAC), including design considerations such as plan eligibility and participation, the standard benefit package, the bidding process, and the government contribution to premiums. It also looks at the reasons for opposition to the project and the relationship of this demonstration to broader efforts to reform the Medicare program.

Intercomparison Of Retrospective Radon Detectors, R. William Field, Daniel J. Steck, Mary Ann Parkhurst, Judy A. Mahaffey, Michael C.R. Alavanja

Physics Faculty Publications

We performed both a laboratory and a field intercomparison of two novel glass-based retrospective radon detectors previously used in major radon case-control studies performed in Missouri and Iowa. The new detectors estimate retrospective residential radon exposure from the accumulation of a long-lived radon decay product, ²¹⁰Pb, in glass. The detectors use track registration material in direct contact with glass surfaces to measure the α-emission of a ²¹⁰Pb-decay product, ²¹⁰Po. The detector's track density generation rate (tracks per square centimeter per hour) is proportional to the surface α-activity. In the absence of other strong sources of α-emission in …

The Public Stake In Biomedical Research: A Policy Perspective, Karen Matherlee

National Health Policy Forum

An introduction to a Forum series on biomedical research policy issues, this paper provides background on the organization and structure of both public and private research entities. It outlines the federal components, from the National Institutes of Health (NIH) to the Department of Veterans Affairs. It also looks at the rapid growth in pharmaceutical, biotechnology, and medical device research and development and the varying responses from managed care plans, practice-based research networks, and contract research organizations. After laying out various tensions in the field, such as competition among disease-oriented advocates, alignment of different priorities, allocation of dollars between basic and …

Tracking Of Physical Activity, Physical Inactivity, And Health-Related Physical Fitness In Rural Youth, Russell R. Pate, Stewart G. Trost, Marsha Dowda, Alise E. Ott, Dianne S. Ward, Ruth P. Saunders, Gwen A. Felton

Faculty Publications

This study examined the tracking of selected measures of physical activity, inactivity, and fitness in a cohort of rural youth. Students (N=181, 54.7% female, 63.5% African American) completed test batteries during their fifth- (age=10.7±0.7 years), sixth-, and seventh-grade years. The Previous Day Physical Activity Recall (PDPAR) was used to assess 30-min blocks of vigorous physical activity (VPA), moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA), TV watching and other sedentary activities, and estimated energy expenditure (EE). Fitness measures included the PWC 170 cycle ergometer test, strength tests, triceps skinfold thickness, and BMI. Intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) for VPA, MVPA, and after-school EE …

Validity Of The Previous Day Physical Activity Recall (Pdpar) In Fifth-Grade Children, Stewart G. Trost, Dianne S. Ward, Ben Mcgraw, Russell R. Pate

Faculty Publications

This study evaluated the validity of the Previous Day Physical Activity Recall (PDPAR) self-report instrument in quantifying after-school physical activity behavior in fifth-grade children. Thirty-eight fifth-grade students (mean age, 10.8 ± 0.1; 52.6%; female; 26.3% African American) from two urban elementary schools completed the PDPAR after wearing a CSA WAM 7164 accelerometer for a day. The mean within-subject correlation between self-reported MET level and total counts for each 30-min block was 0.57 (95% C.I., 0.51-0.62). Self-reported mean MET level during the after-school period and the number of 30-min blocks with activity rated at > 6 METs were significantly correlated with the …

Évaluation D'Un Dispositif De Captage À La Source Pour La Fabrication De Petites Pièces En Plastique Renforcé, Louis Lazure

Rapports de recherche scientifique

No abstract provided.

Bilan Des Analyses Environnementales Réalisées En Laboratoire : Portrait De La Situation Pour La Période 1994-1996, Claude Ostiguy, Pierre Larivière, Alain Lajoie

Rapports de recherche scientifique

No abstract provided.