Digital Commons Network^™

Sleep Eeg And Respiratory Biomarkers Of Sudden Unexpected Death In Epilepsy (Sudep): A Case-Control Study, Oman Magana-Tellez, Rama Maganti, Norma J Hupp, Xi Luo, Sandhya Rani, Johnson P Hampson, Manuela Ochoa-Urrea, Sudha S Tallavajhula, Rup K Sainju, Daniel Friedman, Maromi Nei, Brian K Gehlbach, Stephan Schuele, Ronald M Harper, Beate Diehl, Lisa M Bateman, Orrin Devinsky, George B Richerson, Samden D Lhatoo, Nuria Lacuey

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Background: Sudden unexpected death in epilepsy (SUDEP) is the most common category of epilepsy-related mortality. Centrally mediated respiratory dysfunction has been observed to lead to death in the majority of cases of SUDEP. SUDEP also mainly occurs during nighttime sleep. This study seeks to identify sleep EEG and sleep-related respiratory biomarkers of SUDEP risk.

Methods: In this case-control study, we compared demographic, clinical, EEG, and respiratory data from people with epilepsy who later died of SUDEP (the SUDEP group) with data from age and sex-matched living people with epilepsy, classified as high risk of SUDEP (with ≥1 generalised tonic-clonic seizure …

Wire-In-Needle Versus Conventional Syringe-On-Needle Technique For Ultrasound-Guided Central Venous Catheter Insertion In The Internal Jugular Vein: The Win Randomized Trial, Kristen K Thomsen, Jovana Stekovic, Felix Köster, Alina Bergholz, Karim Kouz, Moritz Flick, Daniel I Sessler, Christian Zöllner, Bernd Saugel, Leonie Schulte-Uentrop

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Purpose: There are different techniques for ultrasound-guided central venous catheter (CVC) insertion. When using the conventional syringe-on-needle technique, the syringe needs to be removed from the needle after venous puncture to pass the guidewire through the needle into the vein. When, alternatively, using the wire-in-needle technique, the needle is preloaded with the guidewire, and the guidewire-after venous puncture-is advanced into the vein under real-time ultrasound guidance. We tested the hypothesis that the wire-in-needle technique reduces the time to successful guidewire insertion in the internal jugular vein compared with the syringe-on-needle technique in adults.

Methods: We randomized 250 patients to the …

Continuous Versus Bolus Norepinephrine Administration And Arterial Blood Pressure Stability During Induction Of General Anaesthesia In High-Risk Noncardiac Surgery Patients: A Randomised Trial, Christina Vokuhl, Karim Kouz, Moritz Flick, Linda Krause, Alina Kröker, Parisa Moll-Khosrawi, Christian Zöllner, Daniel I Sessler, Bernd Saugel, Kristen K Thomsen

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Background: Hypotension after induction of general anaesthesia is common in high-risk patients having noncardiac surgery. Anaesthesiologists often give manual boluses of vasopressors repeatedly to maintain blood pressure during induction of general anaesthesia, including the fast-acting vasopressor norepinephrine which has a short half-life. We tested the hypothesis that giving norepinephrine continuously during induction of general anaesthesia, compared with giving it as repeated manual boluses, improves blood pressure stability in high-risk noncardiac surgery patients.

Methods: In this single-centre trial, 72 participants undergoing noncardiac surgery were randomised to continuous norepinephrine infusion or manual bolus norepinephrine administration during induction of general anaesthesia. Blood pressure …

Mitochondrial Haplogroups, But Not Heteroplasmy, Are Associated With Midlife Cognitive Function, Nien Yeh Daphne Yu, Shea J Andrews, Lifang Hou, Myriam Fornage, Kristine Yaffe

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Introduction: Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) variation may influence cognitive performance, but prior findings are inconsistent.

Methods: We analyzed data from 2308 participants in the Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults (CARDIA) study, assessing heteroplasmy (mtHz) burden and haplogroups (mtHg) from blood-derived mtDNA at three timepoints and cognitive function across multiple domains. Multivariate linear regression models and multivariate linear mixed models adjusted for age, sex, education, and race.

Results: MtDNA heteroplasmy burden and count were not associated with cognitive performance. However, mtHgs in macro-mtHg L were linked to poorer cognitive outcomes, particularly in processing speed and global cognition in cross-sectional and …

Disentangling Unobserved Heterogeneity: Novel Application Of A Statistical Method To Evaluate A Multilevel Healthcare Intervention For Hispanic Individuals Living On The United States-Mexico Border With Comorbid Diabetes And Hypertension, Minjae Lee, Juliana Z Lopez, Natalia I Heredia, Maria Zolezzi, Soo Kyung Park, Paul G Yeh, Lisa Mitchell-Bennett, Belinda M Reininger

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Objective: Individuals with diabetes and hypertension represent a high-risk population with poor prognosis and high healthcare costs. Clinicians recognize the complexities of treating patients with multiple chronic conditions; however, the research literature shows little attention to characterizing change patterns in hypertension outcomes for participants of health interventions. The aim of this study was to characterize individual-level longitudinal trajectories of heterogeneity in blood pressure among a Hispanic population with uncontrolled type II diabetes and hypertension enrolled in a multi-level intervention.

Methods: This study was implemented along the US-Mexico border. Using blood pressure results collected longitudinally between 2013 and 2020 from 2476 …

Development And Feasibility Testing Of An Implementation Evaluation Tool: Recommendations From The Managing Epilepsy Well (Mew) Network Research Collaborative, Martha Sajatovic, Ross Shegog, Elaine Kiriakopoulos, Clara Adeniyi, Jessie Black, Barbara C Jobst, Erica K Johnson, Robin Mcgee, Tanya M Spruill, Cam Escoffery

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Aims: The Managing Epilepsy Well (MEW) Network has led the development, testing and scale-up of epilepsy self-management (ESM). The MEW Integrated Database (MEW DB) is a pooled repository of archival studies that facilitates aggregate analysis. This report describes an implementation evaluation tool for ESM adopters.

Methods: Publicly available materials on program implementation, adoption and sustainability as well as readiness surveys used by the MEW Network were reviewed, as were content domains and format styles relevant to ESM implementation. Requirements for data Tiers included: 1) survey Tier should be short (≤6 items) and completed quickly (< 3 min), 2) question and response format should be consistent, 3) data elements are relevant to ESM adopters and 4) the tool should be applicable across ESM programs. Iterative review, discussion and item-ranking yielded a final set of 3 distinct data element Tiers.

Results: Implementation data elements assess …

Influence Of Institutional Support And Organisational Culture On Hiv And Ncd Integration, David Njuguna, Caroline Kyalo, Eunice Muthoni, Daniel Mwai, Elvis Kirui, Wesley Rotich, Joy Mugambi, James Waweru, Nelson Muriu, Easter Olwanda

Population Health, East Africa

Background: The integration of services for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) has gained increasing attention in recent years because of the overlapping prevalence and shared risk factors between these health conditions. However, successful integration requires more than just the alignment of clinical practices. The role of institutional support and organisational culture in promoting effective integration remains an underexplored area.

Aim: This study aims to fill this gap by examining how institutional structures and organisational values influence the integration of HIV and NCD care.

Setting: The study setting was Nakuru County in Kenya.

Methods: …

Food Insecurity And Social Connection Of Nicaraguan Refugees And Asylum Seekers In Costa Rica: A Qualitative Study, Keren Herran

Theses and Dissertations

Background

Given the physical and mental health consequences of food insecurity, solutions should be evidence-based and seek to prioritize vulnerable populations. This qualitative study adds to limited literature on how refugees and asylum seekers use their social connections to mitigate food insecurity by investigating how Nicaraguan refugees and asylum seekers in Costa Rica foster social connections and use these connections to acquire and manage food.

Methods

In fall 2024, 35 in-depth semi-structured interviews were conducted in San José, Costa Rica. Participants were recruited through six migrant-serving nonprofit organizations. For study inclusion, participants had to: 1) be 18 or older; 2) …

Implementation Fidelity Of A Smartphone Application For Population-Based General Movement Assessment: The Early Moves Study, Caroline F. Alexander, Sarah E. Hall, Alison Salt, Alicia J. Spittle, Catherine Morgan, Tiffany Grisbrook, Alishum Ali, Natasha Amery, Sue Anne Davidson, Ashleigh Thornton, Mary Sharp, Emily Young, Robert S. Ware, Desiree Silva, Roslyn Ward, Nadia Badawi, Samudragupta Bora, Roslyn N. Boyd, Susan Woolfenden, Catherine Elliott, Jane Valentine

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Objective: To describe the infant and maternal characteristics of the Early Moves cohort and to assess representativeness to the general population, and to evaluate the implementation fidelity of an application-based collection of General Movement Assessment (GMA) videos at writhing and fidgety age. Study design: Prospective observational study. Mothers who had recently delivered or were enrolled to deliver at maternity hospitals in Perth, Western Australia, were recruited from November 2019 to December 2023. Sociodemographic and infant clinical characteristics were extracted from hospital records. Parents were invited to record GMA videos using the Baby Moves smartphone application, which were assessed for scorability …

Multi-Period Risk-Aware Procurement Optimization Under Covid-19 Disruption, Jonathan Chase, Hoong Chuin Lau, Jinfeng Yang, Lu Liu

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

Supply chain resilience has been a topic of active research in the operations research and AI communities for several years, but the COVID-19 pandemic threw the frailties of global supply chains into sharp relief. Disruptions and delays caused by fresh outbreaks leading to lockdowns, put severe strain on supply chains in many industries. In this work we develop lockdown-resilient procurement capabilities for a global technology company. First, through analysis of lockdown data from China we develop a logarithmic regression-based lockdown prediction method to complement a supplier risk metric for conventional risks. Second, we develop a multi-period stochastic optimization model that …

What Community Members With Chronic Illness Teach Future Healthcare Professionals In A Longitudinal Interprofessional Education Program: A Focus Group Study, Rachel White, Maria Brucato, Amber King, Anne B. Mitchell, Nethra S. Ankam

Department of Medicine Faculty Papers

INTRODUCTION: Nearly 50% of Americans have at least one chronic illness. Preparing future healthcare providers for interprofessional collaborative practice (IPCP) and person-centred care through community-based interprofessional education (IPE) can improve outcomes for this growing population. Partial programme theories predict that patients' participation as teachers in health professions education contributes to students' development of patient-centredness. Role theory asserts that behaviours are shaped by assigned roles; therefore, community members with chronic illness who assume roles of health mentors in an IPE curriculum are predicted to teach students about their patient experiences. Yet, this teaching outcome and the lessons health mentors teach in …

Exploring The Transformative Effects Of Calorie Restriction On The Lacrimal Gland In Adult Mice, Olivier Mauduit, Prashant Kumar, Kaitlin K Scholand, Emre Aksan, Laura Schaefer, Anmar Abu-Romman, Vanessa Delcroix, Zhiyuan Yu, Aude I Sindikubwabo, Ron Korstanje, Helen P Makarenkova, Cintia S De Paiva

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Advanced age is one of the most recognizable risk factors for dry eye. Dry eye disease affects millions worldwide and can result from age-related lacrimal gland dysfunction, which correlates with a decline in lacrimal gland secretory cell function and chronic inflammation. This study investigated the potential of calorie restriction to maintain lacrimal gland and ocular surface health. Adult female C57BL/6 J mice were subjected to a 40% calorie restriction for 4 months, starting at 6-7 months and continuing until 10-11 months. These mice were compared to controls fed ad libitum. Bulk RNA sequencing of lacrimal glands, conjunctiva, and cornea subjected …

Nrf2 Hyperactivation As A Driver Of Radiotherapy Resistance And Suppressed Antitumor Immunity In Head And Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma, Rutulkumar Patel, Kalil Saab, Lixia Luo, Yan Ma, Rashid Abdullah Osman, Nerissa T Williams, Jeffrey Everitt, Maciej J Zelazowski, Patricia Castro, William K Decker, William H Hudson, Jeffrey N Myers, Vlad C Sandulache, Mitchell J Frederick, Yvonne M Mowery, David G Kirsch

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Purpose: Alterations in the KEAP1/NFE2L2 (NRF2)/CUL3 pathway occur in ∼20% of human head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCC) and are associated with resistance to standard-of-care therapy. However, this pathway's role in radiotherapy resistance in HNSCC has not been well studied.

Experimental design: We generated genetically engineered mouse models and developed primary murine cancer cell lines harboring mutations commonly observed in human HNSCC, including inducible activation of PIK3CA and deletion of Trp53, with or without Keap1 loss. Primary tumors were initiated via 4-hydroxytamoxifen injection ± the tobacco carcinogen benzo[a]pyrene (BAP) into the oral buccal mucosa. Tumors were analyzed by Western …

Analyzing The Learning Curve Of Vnotes Sacrocolpopexy By The Cumulative Summation Test: A Cohort Study, Wenyu Liu, Nannan Sun, Yuejiao Zhang, Yuyan Li, Weihao Lai, Youjun Zhou, Xiaoming Guan, Juan Liu

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Background: The learning curve of transvaginal natural orifice transluminal endoscopic sacrocolpopexy (vNOTES-SC) in the treat of pelvic organ prolapse (POP) is critical yet underexplored. Our objective is to describe the learning curve and surgical complications of vNOTES-SC, taking into account the factors that affect operative time and evaluate the long-term follow-up outcomes of this surgery.

Methods: We conducted a hospital-based cohort study involving patients who underwent vNOTES-SC from June 2017 to May 2024. All surgeries were performed by a single surgeon with over 20 years of surgical experience. This study employed cumulative summation test (CUSUM) analysis to quantify the learning …

Plasma Proteome Correlations With Liver Stiffness In Pediatric Cholestasis Implicate Epithelial To Mesenchymal Transition, Benjamin L Shneider, Rupa S Kanchi, Sandra L Grimm, Sridevi Devaraj, Juliet Emamaullee, Jeremy Schraw, Philip J Lupo, Jorge A Bezerra, Kathleen M Loomes, John C Magee, Ronald J Sokol, Kasper S Wang, Alyssa Kriegmeier, Evelyn Hsu, Jean P Molleston, Philip Rosenthal, Rohit Kohli, Saul J Karpen, Simon P Horslen, M Kyle Jensen, Arianna Barbetta, Cristian Coarfa

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Background: Pediatric cholestatic liver diseases can be characterized by rapidly progressive fibrosis. A multicenter cross-sectional analysis of vibration-controlled elastography in biliary atresia (BA), alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency (A1AT), and Alagille syndrome (ALGS) was leveraged to interrogate the plasma proteome relative to liver stiffness measurements (LSM).

Methods: Slow off-rate modified aptamer scanning profiling of >7000 proteins in plasma from 187 children with BA (n=93), A1AT (n=31), ALGS (n=46), and healthy pediatric controls (n=17) was performed, and correlations with LSM were undertaken.

Results: There was an abundance of LSM correlated proteins (BA n=2720, A1AT n=694, ALGS n=5968). Interestingly, a distinct plasma proteome was …

High Prevalence Of Abnormal Baseline Lung Function In Pediatric And Young Adult Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplant Recipients: A Report From The Transpire Study, Jane Koo, Richard Cooper, Stephanie L Edwards, Adam Lane, Sara Katherine Loveless, Lauren Strecker, Kelly E Lake, Kasiani C Myers, Christopher Towe, Jessica Patti, Laura L Walkup, Kathryn A Wikenheiser-Brokamp, Margaret L Macmillan, Philip Lacher, Tamara Griffin, Merve Tekman, Gabriel Salinas Cisneros, Kevin Wu, Matthew S Zinter, Fernando A Urrego, K Scott Baker, Matthew F Abts, Sheri Ballard, Jason L Freedman, Alexander Caraballo, Lisa R Young, Maureen B Josephson, Julian L Allen, Devaney M Camburn, Erin E Doherty, Mashid Sababi Azamian, Martha Arredondo, Manuel Silva-Carmona, Leslie E Lehmann, Wai Wong, Jonathan M Gaffin, William Mcalpine, Mona Li, Samuel B Goldfarb, Jason C Woods, Stella M Davies

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Background: Pulmonary complications are a major cause of morbidity and mortality in pediatric and young adult hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT) recipients. The impact of preexisting lung dysfunction on posttransplant outcomes remains understudied.

Methods: In a multi-institutional prospective cohort of 444 patients (≤24 years) undergoing allogeneic HSCT at eight centers, baseline lung function was categorized as normal or abnormal using clinical history, imaging, pulmonary function tests (PFTs), and pulmonologist review. Spirometry and diffusion capacity were assessed at baseline, Day 100, 1 year, and 2 years post-HSCT.

Results: Baseline pulmonary dysfunction was present in 224 patients (50.4%), including impaired spirometry (46.4%), …

Diabetes-Related Foot Complications And Socioeconomic Influences Among Hispanic Males In South Texas: A Scoping Review, Mariana J. Rodriguez, Demian Rodriguez, Amanda L. Killeen

School of Podiatric Medicine - Student Research

Introduction: Diabetes mellitus is the 7^th leading cause of death in the United States and is 6^th in the state of Texas. Counties from South Texas are primarily affected with higher rates of diabetes than both the state and national average. Diabetes mellitus is a complex and progressive disease which can affect multiple systems of the body, leading to serious complications if untreated, especially in the lower extremities. Uncontrolled diabetes is often associated with diabetic foot ulcers (DFU), foot infections, and lower extremity amputations (LEA). South Texas is a region predominantly populated by Hispanic Americans who are disproportionally …

Diabetes-Related Foot Complications And Socioeconomic Influences Among Hispanic Males In South Texas: A Scoping Review, Mariana J. Rodriguez, Demian Rodriguez, Amanda Killeen

School of Podiatric Medicine Publications

Introduction: Diabetes mellitus is the 7th leading cause of death in the U.S. and 6th in Texas. South Texas counties have higher diabetes rates than state and national averages. This complex, progressive disease affects multiple body systems and can lead to serious complications, especially in the lower extremities. Uncontrolled diabetes is often associated with diabetic foot ulcers (DFU), foot infections, and lower extremity amputations (LEA). South Texas, predominantly Hispanic American, is disproportionately affected. This demographic faces clinical barriers due to a lack of cultural understanding, highlighting the need for culturally sensitive healthcare workers such as promotoras. This study aimed to …

Dysphoric Milk Ejection Reflex: Prevalence And Associations With Self-Reported Mental Health History, Megan Howard, Alison N Goulding, Anitha Muddana, Terri L Fletcher, Nicole Cirino, Alison M Stuebe

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

This study sought to determine prevalence of Dysphoric Milk Ejection Reflex (D-MER) and mental health correlates in a cohort of patients from a breastfeeding medicine clinic. We determined prevalence of D-MER symptoms and performed bivariate analyses to explore associations between D-MER symptoms, demographics, and self-reported mental health history. Among 271 patients, 42 (15.5%) reported D-MER. Women with D-MER symptoms were more likely to report a history of panic attacks (28.6 vs. 12.2%, OR 2.87, 95% CI 1.23-6.25).

Single Cell Sequencing Analysis Of Respiratory Syncytial Virus-Infected Pediatric And Adult Human Nose Organoids Reveals Age Differences, Proliferative Diversity And Identifies Novel Cellular Tropism, Anubama Rajan, Divya Nagaraj, Carolyn Bomidi, Gina M Aloisio, Ashley M Murray, Emily M Schultz, Amal Kambal, Mary K Estes, Erin Nicholson, Vasanthi Avadhanula, Sarah E Blutt, Pedro A Piedra

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a leading cause of infant death across the globe. Age is a significant factor that contributes to the severity of infection in young children. RSV primarily infects the ciliated cells of the airway epithelium, induces mucus hypersecretion, and impaired mucociliary clearance. Better understanding of RSV infection at the cellular level is needed for the development of effective therapeutic interventions. To investigate the age difference and comprehensively understand gene signatures associated with RSV infection, we performed single-cell transcriptomic analysis of adult and pediatric human nose organoids (HNOs) infected with RSV. Our analysis revealed a significant difference …

Author Correction: Clonal Dynamics And Somatic Evolution Of Haematopoiesis In Mouse, Chiraag D Kapadia, Nicholas Williams, Kevin J Dawson, Caroline Watson, Matthew J Yousefzadeh, Duy Le, Kudzai Nyamondo, Sreeya Kodavali, Alex Cagan, Sarah Waldvogel, Xiaoyan Zhang, Josephine De La Fuente, Daniel Leongamornlert, Emily Mitchell, Marcus A Florez, Krzysztof Sosnowski, Rogelio Aguilar, Alejandra Martell, Anna Guzman, David Harrison, Laura J Niedernhofer, Katherine Y King, Peter J Campbell, Jamie Blundell, Margaret A Goodell, Jyoti Nangalia

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

No abstract provided.

Nonprofit Hospital Ceo Compensation: Does Quality Matter?, Derek Jenkins, Marah Short, Vivian Ho

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Background: Past research has documented that increases in profits and health system size, as well as increases in the reward generosity for improving these metrics play an important role in explaining increases in nonprofit hospital CEO pay between 2012 and 2019.

Objectives: To test whether hospital quality measures play a supplemental role in determining CEO pay.

Research design: We estimated linear regressions for 2012 and 2019 of the log of CEO wages on system or independent hospital characteristics, including quality. The regressions were used to construct a Oaxaca decomposition of factors associated with CEO compensation.

Subjects: One thousand forty-seven nonprofit …

Examining The Relationship Between Dysphagia, Eating-Related Symptoms, And Diet Quality Among Oropharyngeal Cancer Patients During Critical Stages Of Cancer Survivorship: The U-Dine Study, Beatrice Manduchi, Vlad C Sandulache, Ji Yun Tark, Shreela Sharma, Ruosha Li, Emily Roller, Andrew Bevelhimer, Katherine A Hutcheson, Marcia C De Oliveira Otto

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Background: Diet quality is a modifiable factor impacting treatment outcomes in oropharyngeal cancer (OPC), yet the effect of dysphagia and self-reported eating-related symptoms remains unclear. This study examined their associations with diet quality in OPC patients.

Methods: A cross-sectional analysis was conducted with two parallel cohorts from MD Anderson Cancer Center and Michael E. DeBakey Veterans Affairs Medical Center as part of the Uncovering the Long-Term Impact of OPC and Dysphagia on Dietary Quality and Nutrition Among Cancer Survivors (U-DINE) Study. Participants at varying survivorship stages (prediagnosis, 3-6 and 18+ months posttreatment) were assessed for dysphagia (DIGEST scale) and six …

Focus Group Interview: Perspectives Of Virtual Dietary Counseling Method’S Post Covid-19 Pandemic, Maria Mendoza

Journal of the Symposium of University Research and Creative Expression

Project Mentor(s): Nicole Stendell-Hollis, PhD; Tafere Belay, PhD; Katy Williams; Jessica Tyrrell

The purpose of this study is to examine the perceptions related to different delivery methods of dietary counseling. This qualitative research study will examine the perceptions related to different methods of dietary counseling (telephone calls, video calls, or face-to-face visits). Focus group one contained provider participants (N = 7), which were all RDNs and focus group two hosted patient participants (N = 6). Semi structured interviews were performed asking subjects about any personal experiences related to receiving or providing nutrition education, positive or negative, as they participated in …

Prevalence Of Diabetes Related To Acculturation, Dietary Quality, And Sedentary Lifestyle In Mexican Americans: National Health And Nutrition Examination Survey 2011 To 2018, Kivima Acevedo

Journal of the Symposium of University Research and Creative Expression

Project Mentor(s): David Gee, PhD; Kathaleen Briggs Early, PhD, RDN, CDCES; Katy Williams, MS, RDN

Objective: This study examined the prevalence of diabetes in Mexican American adults (MA-adults) and how risk factors like acculturation, dietary quality, and sedentary lifestyle contribute to the rising rates of diabetes, using the National Health and Nutrition Survey (NHANES) 2011 to 2018 data. Methods: We analyzed the NHANES data of MA-adults and Non-Hispanic White adults (NHW-adults) (n= 10670) for the association of diabetes and its risk factors (dietary habits and sedentary lifestyle) by acculturation levels. Diet quality was assessed using the Healthy Eating Index (HEI). …

Htlv-1 And Atll: Epidemiology, Oncogenesis, And Opportunities For Community-Informed Research In The United States, Adrian D. Altieri, Sean P. Reilly, Abu Mansalay, Alan Khoo, Nettie Johnson, Zafar K. Khan, Amy Leader, Pooja Jain, Pierluigi Porcu

Kimmel Cancer Center Faculty Papers

Human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1), the first oncogenic human retrovirus, causes adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATLL), an aggressive neoplasm of mature CD4+ T-cells that is incurable in most patients and is associated with a median survival of less than 1 year. HTLV-1 also causes inflammatory disorders, including HTLV-associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis (HAM/TSP) and uveitis. The estimated lifetime risks of ATLL and HAM/TSP in HTLV-1 carriers are 3-5% and 0.25-1.8%, respectively. Although there is uncertainty about other health effects of HTLV-1, a recent meta-analysis showed an association between HTLV-1 and cardiovascular, cerebrovascular, and metabolic diseases and a 57% increased risk …

Cyp1b1 Mediates Cigarette Smoke-Induced Lipid Accumulation In Alveolar Type 2 Cells, Yin Zhu, Siddhika Gamare, Francesca Polverino, Caroline A Owen, Payaningal R Somanath, Xiaoyun Wang, Duo Zhang

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Alterations in lipid profiles have been shown in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), but the underlying molecular mechanisms remain unclear. In this study, we aimed to investigate the role of cytochrome P450 family-1 subfamily B member 1 (CYP1B1) in cigarette smoke (CS)-induced lipid accumulation in alveolar type II epithelial (AT2) cells. We observed a steady increase in CYP1B1 protein levels in AT2 cells from COPD patients. Additionally, CS exposure induced CYP1B1 expression in AT2 cells of murine lungs. In vitro, treatment with cigarette smoke extract (CSE) not only upregulated CYP1B1 expression but also triggered lipid accumulation in AT2-like …

Observational Activation Of Anterior Cingulate Cortical Neurons Coordinates Hippocampal Replay In Social Learning, Xiang Mou, Daoyun Ji

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Social learning enables a subject to make decisions by observing the actions of another. How neural circuits acquire relevant information during observation to guide subsequent behavior is unknown. Utilizing an observational spatial working memory task, we show that neurons in the rat anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) associated with spatial trajectories during self-running in a maze are reactivated when observing another rat running the same maze. The observation-induced ACC activities are reduced in error trials and are correlated with activities of hippocampal place cells representing the same trajectories. The ACC activities during observation also predict subsequent hippocampal place cell activities during …

Strongyloides Seropositivity Among Children Utilizing A Mobile Clinic, Lynda Aririguzo, Aditi Gupta, Norma Castillo, Cassandra Duran, Eva H Clark, Ankona Banerjee, Sanghamitra Misra

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Experts recommend screening for or presumptively treating strongyloidiasis in foreign-born immigrant children, though prevalence is unknown. Health care providers encounter barriers to following this recommendation. We aimed to describe Strongyloides seropositivity and risk factors among pediatric patients on a mobile clinic. Participants completed a written survey and provided blood for absolute eosinophil count (AEC) and Strongyloides IgG enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). From October 2022 to June 2023, 206 patients participated; 201 (97.6%) were born outside the United States; 97.1% (n = 200) were Hispanic. Most (68.9%) arrived less than 1 year before study enrollment. Four (1.9%) and 3 (1.5%) had …

Enhancing Methods For Research On Cannabis: A Workshop Report, Jonathan Samet, Jessica Barrington-Trimis, Lisa Bero, Ashley Brooks-Russell, Meghan Buran, Julia Dilley, Darin Erickson, Marilyn Huestis, Kent Hutchison, Thomas Jeanne, Michael Kosnett, David Kroll, Stephen Lankenau, Richard Miech, Rosalie Liccardo Pacula, Paula Riggs, Neeloofar Soleimanpour, Steven Teutsch, Gregory Tung, George Sam Wang

College of Health Professions Faculty Papers

AIMS: Progressive legalization of medical and recreational cannabis markets at the state-level has led to rapid growth of medical and recreational cannabis markets and to product diversification with emerging products having high concentrations of delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol. Research on these products is still limited and the evidence available for policy formulation is diminished by methodological limitations.

METHODS: As a step towards addressing these limitations, the Colorado School of Public Health convened a multidisciplinary workshop that addressed four areas of cannabis research: epidemiological, clinical, surveillance, and policy. Workshop participants provided recommendations in each area to advance research on cannabis to make it more …