Digital Commons Network^™

Network-Based Representations And Dynamic Discrete Choice Models For Multiple Discrete Choice Analysis, Huy Hung Tran, Tien Mai

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

In many choice modeling applications, consumer demand is frequently characterized as multiple discrete, which means that consumer choose multiple items simultaneously. The analysis and prediction of consumer behavior in multiple discrete choice situations pose several challenges. In this paper, to address this, we propose a random utility maximization (RUM) based model that considers each subset of choice alternatives as a composite alternative, where individuals choose a subset according to the RUM framework. While this approach offers a natural and intuitive modeling approach for multiple-choice analysis, the large number of subsets of choices in the formulation makes its estimation and application …

A Comparison Of The Islamophobic Experiences Of The Female Convert And Immigrant Muslims In America, Aliaa Dawoud

Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

This study compares the Islamophobic experiences of female converts and immigrants in America. It is based on interviews with a total of thirteen women, six Muslim born ones and seven converts. Both groups included hijabis and non-hijabis. Unlike most other studies, in which the converts are mostly or exclusively converts from Christianity, two of the interviewees were converts from Judaism while another one was a convert from a Christian/Buddhist/atheist background.

This study argues that Islamophobia is primarily manifested in the form of pervasive everyday racism that is levied at both female converts and immigrants alike, largely in the form of …

Understanding Tax Progressivity As A Mechanism Of Gender Difference In Tax Payment Patterns And Post-Tax Income, Morgan A. Richards-Melamdir

Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

Gender difference in taxation is generally understudied. However, existing scholarship, largely country case studies, suggests men pay higher tax rates where income tax progressivity is higher, due to their higher average income. Men’s higher rates should then increase gender equality in income post-tax. However, many rich countries reduced income tax progressivity starting in the 1980s-90s during “taxing for economic growth” reforms, including over half of the high income countries included in this study. These changes have previously unexplored implications for the extent to which the current (versus past) tax systems of rich countries reduce, leave unaffected, or compound gender disparities …

Evaluating Climate Sentiment In Sec 10-K Filings: S&P 50 Companies, Ruby Chu

Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

Evaluating Climate Sentiment in SEC 10-K Filings: S&P 50 Companies investigates how climate sentiment is portrayed in corporate financial reporting, focusing on SEC 10-K filings from leading S&P 50 companies. These filings offer detailed insights into financial performance, risks, and management discussions, providing a rich dataset for analyzing corporate behaviors with sustainability and environmental concerns. This study aims to shed light on the extent to which companies address environmental issues and the implications for environmental stewardship by analyzing how these topics are portrayed in their SEC 10-K filings. Drawing inspiration from established greenwashing indicator frameworks, the study develops a climate …

Understanding The Knowledge Production Function Of The United Nations: The Case Of The Sahel Crisis, Hussein E. Elshaar

Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

This thesis aims to test the argument that the UN knowledge production on the situation in the Sahel region is internally consistent and externally valid with the knowledge produced by other entities beyond the UN, including academia and think tanks. The thesis analyzed external studies by scholars and research and academic institutions as well as UN knowledge production, mainly the UN strategic frameworks and the reports of the Secretary-General on the Sahel. The study followed an analytical framework that sought to answer specific questions about how these studies, frameworks, and reports frame the conflict in the Sahel, and what root …

K-12 School Shootings: A Visualization Throughout History, Elizabeth T. Garrison

Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

School shootings have been a persistent problem in America for many years, causing enormous grief and loss. This project represents this critical issue through the use of data visualizations to provide a better understanding of the occurrence and spread of school shootings from 1966 to 2023. With the overarching goal of improving awareness and responses to K-12 school shootings, this project is aimed at educators, policymakers, and researchers involved in school safety and violence prevention.

This project can be viewed at https://schoolshooting.commons.gc.cuny.edu/

Chipping The Blue Wall: The Effect Of Dogs On Police Officer Receptivity To An Employee Assistance Program, Kenneth M. Quick

Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

There is substantial evidence that demonstrates the negative impact of stress on police officer mental health is increasing due in large part to perceived societal shifts in support for the police and trends in criminal justice reform efforts. While employee assistance programs (EAP) are the dominant mechanism for police agencies to address officer mental health, officers are reluctant to use them due to a combination of mental health stigma and organizational distrust. This dissertation studied police officer perceptions of an employee assistance program (EAP) and the effect of exposure to professionally trained dogs during an outreach session on indicators of …

Examining Book Banning Trends In The U.S., Amanda D. Filchock

Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

This capstone project is a web application for users to explore book banning trends across the United States. It is intended to serve as a resource for students, parents, educators, librarians, and authors who are interested in understanding the ways that book banning attempts have changed between 2021-2023 in the United States. These audiences will be able to interact with data visualizations to inform their own research and deepen their understanding of this current topic. Interactive features include: the ability to search by the title or author of a book to learn where, when, why, and by whom the book …

Latin American Trans-Ancestry Initiative For Ocd Genomics (Latino): Study Protocol, James J Crowley, Carolina Cappi, Marcos E Ochoa-Panaifo, Renee M Frederick, Minjee Kook, Andrew D Wiese, Diana Rancourt, Elizabeth G Atkinson, Paola Giusti-Rodriguez, Jacey L Anderberg, Latin American Trans‐Ancestry Initiative For Ocd Genomics, Brazilian Obsessive‐Compulsive Spectrum Disorder Working Group, Jonathan S Abramowitz, Victor R Adorno, Cinthia Aguirre, Gilberto S Alves, Gustavo S Alves, Naeshia Ancalade, Alejandro A Arellano Espinosa, Paul D Arnold, Daphne M Ayton, Izabela G Barbosa, Laura Marcela Barón Castano, Cynthia N Barrera, María Celeste Berardo, Dayan Berrones, John R Best, Tim B Bigdeli, Christie L Burton, Joseph D Buxbaum, Jennifer L Callahan, Maria Cecília B Carneiro, Sandra L Cepeda, Evelyn Chazelle, Jessica M Chire, Macarena Churruca Munoz, Pamela Claisse Quiroz, Journa Cobite, Jonathan S Comer, Daniel L Costa, Jennifer Crosbie, Victor O Cruz, Guillermo Dager, Luisa F Daza, Anabel De La Rosa-Gómez, Daniela Del Río, Fernanda Z Delage, Carolina B Dreher, Lucila Fay, Tomas Fazio, Ygor A Ferrão, Gabriela M Ferreira, Edith G Figueroa, Leonardo F Fontenelle, Diego A Forero, Daniele T H Fragoso, Bharathi S Gadad, Sheldon R Garrison, Andres González, Laura D Gonzalez, Marco A González, Polaris Gonzalez-Barrios, Wayne K Goodman, Dorothy E Grice, Jerry Guintivano, Daniel G Guttfreund, Andrew G Guzick, Matthew W Halvorsen, Joseph D Hovey, Hailiang Huang, Jonathan Irreño-Sotomonte, Reinhard Janssen-Aguilar, Matias Jensen, Alexandra Z Jimenez Reynolds, Joali Alexandra Juárez Lujambio, Nasim Khalfe, Madison A Knutsen, Caleb Lack, Nuria Lanzagorta, Monicke O Lima, Melanie O Longhurst, David A Lozada Martinez, Elba S Luna, Andrea H Marques, Molly S Martinez, Maria De Los Angeles Matos, Caitlyn E Maye, Joseph F Mcguire, Gabriela Menezes, Charlene Minaya, Tomás Miño, Sara M Mithani, Circe Montes De Oca, Alonso Morales-Rivero, Maria E Moreira-De-Oliveira, Olivia J Morris, Sandra I Muñoz, Zainab Naqqash, Ambar A Núñez Bracho, Belinda E Núñez Bracho, Maria Corina Ochoa Rojas, Luis A Olavarria Castaman, Trinidad Olivos Balmaceda, Iliana Ortega, Darpan I Patel, Ainsley K Patrick, Mariel Paz Y Mino, Jose L Perales Orellana, Bárbara Perdigão Stumpf, Tamara Peregrina, Tania Pérez Duarte, Kelly L Piacsek, Maritza Placencia, María Belén Prieto, Lucas C Quarantini, Yana Quarantini-Alvim, Renato T Ramos, Iaroslava C Ramos, Vanessa R Ramos, Kesley A Ramsey, Elise V Ray, Margaret A Richter, Bradley C Riemann, Juan C Rivas, Maria C Rosario, Camilo J Ruggero, Angel A Ruiz-Chow, Alejandra Ruiz-Velasco, Melisa N Sagarnaga, Aline S Sampaio, Leonardo C Saraiva, Russell J Schachar, Sophie C Schneider, Ethan J Schweissing, Laura D Seligman, Roseli G Shavitt, Keaton J Soileau, S Evelyn Stewart, Shaina B Storch, Emily R Strouphauer, Vissente Tapia Cuevas, Kiara R Timpano, Beatriz Treviño-De La Garza, Alexie Vallejo-Silva, Javier Vargas-Medrano, María I Vásquez, Guadalupe Vidal Martinez, Saira A Weinzimmer, Mauricio A Yanez, Gwyneth Zai, Lina M Zapata-Restrepo, Luz M Zappa, Raquel M Zepeda-Burgos, Anthony W Zoghbi, Euripedes C Miguel, Carolyn I Rodriguez, Mayra C Martinez Mallen, Pablo R Moya, Tania Borda, María Beatriz Moyano, Manuel Mattheisen, Stacey Pereira, Gabriel Lázaro-Muñoz, Karen G Martinez-Gonzalez, Michele T Pato, Humberto Nicolini, Eric A Storch

Center for Medical Ethics and Health Policy Staff Publications

Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is a debilitating psychiatric disorder. Worldwide, its prevalence is ~2% and its etiology is mostly unknown. Identifying biological factors contributing to OCD will elucidate underlying mechanisms and might contribute to improved treatment outcomes. Genomic studies of OCD are beginning to reveal long-sought risk loci, but >95% of the cases currently in analysis are of homogenous European ancestry. If not addressed, this Eurocentric bias will result in OCD genomic findings being more accurate for individuals of European ancestry than other ancestries, thereby contributing to health disparities in potential future applications of genomics. In this study protocol paper, we …

Phase Ii Study Of Ulixertinib In Children And Young Adults With Tumors Harboring Activating Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Pathway Alterations: Apec1621j Of The National Cancer Institute-Children's Oncology Group Pediatric Match Trial, Kieuhoa T Vo, Amit J Sabnis, P Mickey Williams, Sinchita Roy-Chowdhuri, David R Patton, Brent Coffey, Joel M Reid, Jin Piao, Lauren Saguilig, Todd A Alonzo, Stacey L Berg, Alok Jaju, Elizabeth Fox, Brenda J Weigel, Douglas S Hawkins, Margaret M Mooney, Naoko Takebe, James V Tricoli, Katherine A Janeway, Nita L Seibel, D Williams Parsons

Center for Medical Ethics and Health Policy Staff Publications

Purpose: The National Cancer Institute-Children's Oncology Group (NCI-COG) Pediatric MATCH trial assigns patients age 1-21 years with refractory malignancies to phase II treatment arms of molecularly targeted therapies on the basis of genetic alterations detected in their tumor. Patients with activating alterations in the mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway were treated with ulixertinib, an extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK)1/2 inhibitor.

Methods: As there were no previous pediatric data, ulixertinib was initially tested in a dose escalation cohort to establish the recommended phase II dose (RP2D) before proceeding to the phase II cohort. Ulixertinib was administered at 260 mg/m2/dose orally twice a day …

Why Does The Cost Of Employer-Sponsored Coverage Keep Rising?, Salpy Kanimian, Vivian Ho

Center for Medical Ethics and Health Policy Staff Publications

Over the past 25 years, the gap between the increase in health insurance costs and workers' wages has significantly expanded. This trend has led to significant concerns about healthcare affordability, with surveys revealing conflicting opinions regarding whether hospitals or health insurance companies bear the blame for escalating costs. To better understand these dynamics, we examined consumer price indices for health insurance, hospital services, and professional services from 2006 to 2023 using Bureau of Labor Statistics data. Our analysis shows that the hospital price index rose steadily between 2006 and 2023, faster than insurance premiums or professional services. To examine whether …

Contextual Factors Influencing The Association Between The Affordable Care Act’S Medicaid Expansion And Veteran Va-Medicaid Dual Enrollment, Patrick N O'Mahen, Chase S Eck, Cheng Rebecca Jiang, Laura A Petersen

Center for Medical Ethics and Health Policy Staff Publications

Objective: To evaluate changes in dual enrollment after Affordable Care Act Medicaid expansion by VA priority group, (e.g., service connection), sex, and type of state expansion.

Study setting: Our cohort was all Veterans ages 18-64 enrolled in VA and eligible for benefits due to military service-connection or low income from 2011 to 2016; the unit of analysis was person-year.

Study design: Difference-in-difference and event-study analysis. The outcome was dual VA-Medicaid enrollment for at least 1 month annually. Medicaid expansion, VA priority status, whether a state expanded by a Section 1115 waiver, and sex were independent variables. We controlled for race, …

Women’S Routes: Gender, Mobility, And Knowledge Among The Makushi Of Southern Guyana, Lisa Katharina Grund

Tipití: Journal of the Society for the Anthropology of Lowland South America

Exploring the journeys of some Makushi women, this article highlights the relevance of gender in the question of (im)mobility and female engagements with the world as central to contemporary Makushi life. Departing from the understanding that the category of space has proven crucial in the theoretical groundwork of the Guiana ethnographic area and drawing on the region’s classical ethnographies, it explores everyday practices of movement of the Makushi people who live along the triple frontier of southern Guyana. Rather than disruptive, these in and out journeys—collective or individual—prove to be crucial to the weaving of community. They are also central …

Propagating Conviviality: Waiwai Cultural Transformation Of Moral Depravity, George F. Mentore

Tipití: Journal of the Society for the Anthropology of Lowland South America

This essay considers the problematics of anthropological translations when its responsibility to the codes of its modernist subjectivity persuades us to defer judgment on interpretations made of indigenous semiotics of life. It begins with this full disclosure before attempting to describe, from a translation of a Waiwai myth, how one can produce a guilty reading about their privileging of concern for conviviality. The Waiwai bodily feeling of well-being must be in place before relations of trust can be enacted. Transforming the vial aggressive feelings of strangers becomes a priority for hosting them. Maintaining feelings of conviviality within the community is …

Orienting Volunteers On Cultural Awareness And Empathy While Working With Refugees, Sangya Dhungana

Critical and Creative Thinking Capstones Collection

It is imperative to recognize that effective volunteer engagement in refugee resettlement hinges upon a deep understanding of cultural dynamics and sensitivities. This paper explores the challenges and complexities of volunteer engagement with refugees, offering insights from the author's experiences, scholarly literature, and theoretical frameworks. The writing highlights the importance of cultural awareness, empathy, and reflective practice in supporting refugees during resettlement while acknowledging the need for ongoing learning and evaluation of volunteer approaches. Relevant concepts and theories from the Critical and Creative Thinking courses are included, integrating perspectives into the author’s analysis of volunteer experiences. Additionally, the paper incorporates …

Propelling Separatism Into Transnational Spaces: A Critical Analysis On The Pro-Ltte Tamil Diaspora In Canada, D.G.Niruka Sanjeewani

Journal of Terrorism Studies

Despite being less discussed, the transnational spaces of diaspora communities are often used by terror groups to achieve their ideological and political targets. Their projection of separatist claims in association with terrorist groups threatens not only the territorial control of the home state but also the security and immigration policies of the host state. Linked to these scopes, pro-Liberation Tigers of Tamil Elam (LTTE) diaspora in Canada serving as a case study in this paper to illustrate the dissemination of its separatist ideologies. In addition, this paper also analyses the current rhetoric of the Tamil diaspora for ‘federalism’ that has …

The Hidden Struggle: Challenges Older Women Face In Nevada, Annie Vong

Student Research

In 2020, almost one in five Nevadans was over the age of 65.[1] However, within this age group, women outnumber men due to longer life expectancies[2] and migration patterns. Women over 65 years of age make up an estimated 18.1% of the female population in Nevada.[3] Of the male population in Nevada, 15.1% are over 65 years of age.[4] Older women are less likely to be married, are less likely to have completed a bachelor’s degree, are more likely to drop out of the labor force, and are more likely to be living in poverty in …

Factors Impacting Bsn Degrees In Community Colleges In Illinois And Exploring Community Colleges To Address Nursing Education Reform: A Mixed Methods Study, Lovelle Reynolds

College of Education Theses and Dissertations

This dissertation investigates the implementation of Bachelor of Science in Nursing (BSN) programs in Illinois community colleges, focusing on Associate Degree in Nursing (ADN) faculty perceptions. Utilizing an explanatory sequential mixed-methods design, the study first conducted a survey among full-time ADN faculty across Illinois community colleges to assess their support for BSN program offerings. An overwhelming 85% of respondents supported or strongly supported this offering, recognizing the potential benefits for meeting the complex demands of modern healthcare roles. Following the survey, in-depth interviews with volunteered faculty members provided deeper insight into the implementation challenges. These challenges included the need for …

Island Health Crisis: Bridging Gaps In Indonesia's Healthcare Deserts, Joyce Mangoma, Wahyu Sulistiadi

Journal of Indonesian Health Policy and Administration

This narrative literature review examines critical healthcare challenges in Indonesia's island communities, focusing on workforce shortages, inadequate health infrastructure, and the profound impact of geographical and socioeconomic factors. Drawing from eight studies published between January 2000 and December 2023, the discussion highlights both the strengths and weaknesses of existing research. The studies were selected based on their relevance to healthcare issues in island communities, rigorous methodological approaches, and significant insights into healthcare challenges and solutions. This time frame was chosen to encompass a comprehensive evolution of healthcare challenges and responses, particularly considering the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic. Grounded in …

The Central Role Of Perceived Safety In Connecting Crash Risk Factors And Walking Behavior, Kyu Ri Kim

Dissertations and Theses

Despite advanced policies, plans, and facilities, many pedestrians are still injured and killed in traffic crashes in the United States. To improve pedestrian safety and the walking environment, the relationship between surrounding crash risk factors and perceived safety that influence people's behavior needs to be studied. This study aims to examine pedestrian crash risk factors, the relationship between crash risk factors and perceived safety, measured as threatened experiences and safety attitudes, and the relationship between safety attitudes and walking behavior.

The analysis used data from three primary sources: (1) an original survey of 551 residents in 10 neighborhoods in Oregon …

The Combat Path: Sustaining Mental Readiness In Ukrainian Soldiers, Oleh Hukovskyy, James C. West, Joshua C. Morganstein, Eugene F. Augusterfer, David M. Benedek, Oleg Boyko, Robert J. Ursano, Amy B. Adler

The US Army War College Quarterly: Parameters

In Ukraine, soldiers’ psychological resilience is of paramount concern. Therefore, the Armed Forces of Ukraine have developed a new intervention, Combat Path Debriefing, designed to address combat stress and promote unit readiness for soldiers returning to combat. This article outlines the components of Combat Path Debriefing and discusses how it is rooted in principles of combat and operational stress control and the unique characteristics of Ukrainian military life. This perspective offers US and allied leaders real-world experience that can inform future efforts to support soldiers’ mental health and combat performance.

Exploration Of Centralized And Decentralized Education Systems Around The World, Melissa Feiger

College of Education Theses and Dissertations

Through the use of the Program for International Student Assessment’s (PISA) Global Competence results, the Economic Intelligence Unit’s (EIU) Democracy Index ratings, and centralization-decentralization spectrum rubrics, this dissertation shows the association between level of democracy and education system, and the association of these variables with the global competence of a country. This study aims to answer two research questions: (1) To what extent is there an association between the level of democracy (full democracy, flawed democracy, hybrid regime, authoritarian regime) and the implementation of a centralized or decentralized education system? (2) To what extent does this association determine Global Competence …

Towards A Digitally Mediated Transitional Justice Process? An Analysis Of Colombian Transitional Justice Organisations’ Posting Behaviour On Facebook, Jasmin Haunschild, Laura Guntrum, Sofía Cerrillo, Franziska Bujara, Christian Reuter

Peace and Conflict Studies

In Colombia, Transitional Justice (TJ) institutions were established after years of violent conflict as part of the 2016 peace agreement between the FARC and the Colombian government. By analysing the posting behaviour of the government-appointed TJ institutions on Facebook, we show how general TJ aims and opportunities for citizen participation were promoted in 2019. Our analysis reveals that the organisations rarely address topics related to reconciliation and that active online participation and two-way communication are rather scarce. Instead, Facebook is mainly used by the TJ organisations to increase solidarity with victims and disseminate information about their work and the TJ …

Shaming Women To Shame Men: A Case Study Of The Houthis And The Relationship Between Honor Culture In Yemen And Sexual Violence Against Women In The Yemeni Civil War, Emma Loeber, Hilary Matfess

DU Undergraduate Research Journal Archive

The factors that influence an armed group’s use of sexual violence against women during times of conflict is a much studied area due to the prevalence of the phenomenon, and the significant implications it has for human rights. Studies on the subject have generally contended that cultural attributes and practices present during peacetime play a significant role in determining whether or not an armed group will incorporate sexual violence as a part of their strategy. A relatively under-researched cultural practice that could influence the use of conflict-related sexual violence (CRSV) is the presence and importance of honor culture in a …

Some Outcomes Of Civic And Citizenship Education Education In Australian Schools: A Paper Prepared For The Joint Standing Committee On Electoral Matters Of The House Of Representatives, John Ainley, Julian Fraillon, Tim Friedman, Rachel Parker

Shaping educational policy

This paper submitted to the 2024 Committee on Electoral Matters of the House of Representatives provides an overview of evidence from large-scale assessment studies concerning civics and citizenship outcomes of students in Australian schools. Those outcomes include students’ knowledge and understanding of civics and citizenship, their values and attitudes toward civics and citizenship processes and issues, and their behavioural intentions regarding future participation in civic and citizenship activities. The paper draws on the published reports from the National Assessment Program - Civics and Citizenship (NAP - CC) which have been conducted in Australia on a triennial basis since 2004, and …

Banyamulenge Immigrants' Perceptions Of Police In The United States: A Qualitative Study, Fidele Nkomezi Sebahizi

Doctoral Dissertations and Projects

The Banyamulenge are Congolese from South Kivu province, in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC). While research on different minority groups worldwide is prominent, research on the Banyamulenge remains scarce. This study attempts to close this void in literature. The Banyamulenge's ill-treatment was evident during the colonial period, before the DRC’s independence. It stemmed from various ideologies, including the Banyamulenge's denial of being native Congolese. The DRC is a country inhabited by numerous tribes linked to neighboring countries, sharing languages and cultures. Like many other Congolese, the Banyamulenge were on the Congolese territory before the Western colonizers' arrival before 1885. …

Return On Investment (Roi) For Undergraduate Degrees At The University Of Nevada, Las Vegas (Unlv) And The University Of Nevada, Reno (Unr), Riley Ruff, Miguel Soriano Ralston, Caitlin J. Saladino, William E. Brown Jr.

Higher Education

This fact sheet examines return on investment (ROI) data for undergraduate degrees at the University of Nevada, Las Vegas (UNLV) and the University of Nevada, Reno (UNR). The original report from the Foundation for Research on Equal Opportunity (FREOPP) includes data on the ROI for various undergraduate degree programs across the United States.

Access To K-12 Educational Opportunity In The Mountain West, 2017-2018, Yashesvi Sharma, Isabelle G. Graham, Annie Vong, Caitlin J. Saladino, William E. Brown Jr.

K-12 Education

This fact sheet examines K-12 education climate data in the Mountain West states of Arizona, Colorado, Nevada, New Mexico, and Utah. The original report from Research For Action explores a variety of educational opportunity indicators, such as the presence of STEM certified teachers, experienced teachers, offerings of AP/Dual Enrollment classes, and low student/teacher ratios.

The Safest Suburbs In The Mountain West, 2023, Ivan Sun, Zachary Billot, Caitlin J. Saladino, William E. Brown Jr.

Cities & Metros

This fact sheet presents data from the Smart Asset report, “America’s Safest Suburbs – 2023 Study,” which examines the 370 safest suburbs in the United States and the 35 most affordable safest suburbs. This fact sheet focuses on data for the nine safest suburbs and most affordable safe suburbs in the Mountain West states of Arizona, Colorado, Nevada, and Utah ranking among the top 100 safest suburbs in the United States.

Examining The Historical Evolution And Contemporary Significance Of Human Rights, Ailing Lu

Themis: Research Journal of Justice Studies and Forensic Science

This paper delves into the complex concept of human rights, examining its historical evolution and contemporary significance through the perspectives of Lynn Hunt's "Inventing Human Rights," Michelline R. Ishay's "The History of Human Rights," and Samuel Moyn's "The Last Utopia." Hunt's work explores the 18th-century Enlightenment, highlighting the political foundations of natural, equal, and universal rights. Ishay provides a comprehensive account spanning ancient civilizations to modern globalization, emphasizing the dynamic nature of human rights struggles. Moyn challenges conventional views, asserting the mid-20th century emergence of contemporary human rights amidst the Cold War and failed utopian visions. While each historian offers …