Digital Commons Network^™

Effects Of Locus Of Control And Timing Of Retirement On Retirement Satisfaction, Denise A. Lathrop

Masters Theses

Previous research to determine which factors predict one's satisfaction with retirement documents varying results. 200 retired Eastern Illinois University professors were surveyed to determine the effects of two factors, locus of control and timing of retirement, considered important on retirement satisfaction. A comparison was made between internal and external locus of control subjects who were placed into three conditions: those who retire early (before age 61), those who retire within the normal or average range (ages 62-66), and those who retire late (later than age 67). The first hypothesis was that those who retire early will have the highest level …

Race-Class Interactions In Stereotyping, Claudine Hoffman Truong

Masters Theses

The present study investigated race and class stereotypes about Whites and African-Americans. The study recruited 160 subjects (eighty White and eighty African-American). Each subject read a brief class and race description of a person, and listed ten adjectives rating how positive or negative they intended the adjective to be. They also had to place themselves in a class and rate the importance of criteria used in that class placement. The study revealed that African-American (A.A.) subjects gave highest ratings to a person described as A.A., and White (W.) subjects gave highest ratings to a person described as W. Furthermore, subjects …

Relations Between Parent-Child Interactions And Children's Self-Esteem, Lisa D. Parker

Masters Theses

The purpose of this study was to explore how time spent between parents and children in various activities may be related to self-esteem in children. The specific objectives were to explore whether there was a relationship between children's self-esteem and total time children reported spending with mothers and fathers; whether there were relations between time spent participating in activities and self-esteem for each of the four parent-child dyads (Mother-Daughter, Mother-Son, Father-Daughter, and Father-Son); whether there were relations between specific activities done with parents and children's self-esteem; and whether enjoyment levels reported by children participating in each activity were significantly correlated …

Comparison Of Ability-Achievement Discrepancies Among The Wechsler Individual Achievement Test, Woodcock-Johnson-Revised Tests Of Achievement, And Wechsler Intelligence Scale For Children-Third Edition In A Sample Of Students Referred For Evaluation Of Learning Disabilities, Tracy L. Cole

Masters Theses

Under current IDEA definitions, a significant or severe discrepancy between intellectual ability and academic achievement is the primary criterion by which a student may be classified as having a specific learning disability. By recommendation of the Work Group on Measurement Issues in the Assessment of Learning Disabilities (1984), the most common method of determining such a discrepancy is to calculate the discrepancy between an individual's score on an individually administered intelligence test and his/her score on an individually administered achievement test using a regression-based formula to correct for the regression of IQ on achievement.

Because two previous studies suggested that …

Teachers' Acceptability Ratings Of Arbitrary Versus Functional Based Reinforcers, Cheryl Lungaro

Masters Theses

Whether teachers find a reinforcer based on a functional assessment more acceptable than an arbitrarily selected reinforcer was investigated. Participants consisted of 94 elementary school teachers from 11 (8 rural, 3 suburban) schools in Illinois. Teachers were asked to complete the Intervention Rating Profile-15 after reading one of the three problem vignettes that described a common behavior problem that was maintained by peer attention. In one condition the proposed treatment included peer attention as a reward; the two remaining conditions included teacher attention and tangible items as rewards. A one-way ANOVA revealed a significant preference for the treatments based on …

Behavioral Treatment Of A Boy With Asperger’S Disorder, Cherie Ann Altobello

Honors Capstones

No abstract provided.

Prospective Memory: The Relation Of Executive Function To Aging, Joesph A. Mikels '98

Honors Projects

The executive functions of the frontal lobe seem to play an integral role in the mediation of prospective memory, as suggested by the results of recent studies (Shallice & Burgess, 1991; Cockburn, 1995; Shapiro, Shapiro, Alper, & Russell, in press). In the present study two groups were examined in terms of their performance on four different prospective memory tasks. The two groups included younger adults (ages 18-21) and older adults (ages 62-80). Both groups were asked to perform each of four prospective memory tasks (an event-based, disembedded task; an event-based, embedded task; a time-based, disembedded task; and a timebased, embedded …

Prediction Of Recidivism From Batterer Characteristics And Prior Arrest Records, Denise Ukleja '98

Honors Projects

A variety of batterer characteristics, such as witnessing parental violence as a child, alcohol/drug use, and a prior legal history, have been found to be correlated with domestic violence. Initial research on recidivism has also suggested that these characteristics are correlated with recidivism and, thus, may be used as possible predictor variables. This study explored the relationship between a number of batterer characteristics and recidivism within a sample of batterers involved in a domestic violence treatment program. Of the psychosocial variables explored as possible predictors, only witnessing of parental violence as a child was a significant predictor. In addition, analyses …

Adult Attachment And Maternal Representations Of Gender During Pregnancy: Their Impact On The Child's Subsequent Gender Role Development, Leslie A. Gibson

Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

This study investigated the relationship between attachment, maternal gender representations of the child formed during pregnancy, and the development of sex-typed play at 28 months in 34 mother-infant pairs. Mothers were interviewed during their third trimester using the Pregnancy Interview (PI), a semi-structured interview that assesses women's representations of their babies and their overall experience of pregnancy, and the Adult Attachment Interview (AAI), which assesses adults' working models of attachment. Maternal gender representations were scored using the Maternal Gender Representation Codes which assess subjects' overall narratives regarding the issue of gender with respect to their children during the Pregnancy Interview. …

Obstetric Variables And Maternal Attitudes As Risk Factors For Postpartum Depression, Teresa B. Stire

Theses, Dissertations and Capstones

Depression is a significant mental health concern and has been studied scientifically for more than 100 years (Logsdon, McBride, & Birkimer, 1994). However, until the past decade, little attention had been paid to the phenomenon of postpartum depression. Postpartum depression refers to depressive symptoms and impairment in women's ability to function that persists beyond the first week postpartum (Steiner, 1990). Research conducted in the past decade has indicated that approximately 10% to 15% of postnatal women suffer from postpartum depression (Beck, Reynolds, & Rutowski, 1992; Beck, 1996). Typical onset of postpartum depression seems to be between 3 to 6 weeks …

The Relationship Between Internal Object Representations And Affective Style: A Tat Study, Robin B. Kerner

Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

This study explored the relationship between internalized object representations and interpersonal affective style (AS). Subjects were drawn from a sample of families participating in the Yale Psychiatric Institute Family Study (Diamond & Doane, 1994). The present study examined only the parents in these families (N = 70). At the time of their child's psychiatric admission, these subjects were administered the Thematic Apperception Test (TAT) and participated in a family interaction task in order to assess their affective style (AS; Doane et al., 1981). TATs were scored utilizing Westen's (1985, revised 1989) Social Cognition and Object Relations Scale (SCORS). It was …

Event-Related Potentials And Serial Position Effects In A Visual Probe Recognition Task, Stephen Crites, James Devine, Dora Lozano, Selene Moreno

Departmental Papers (Psych)

In two experiments, we explored the utility of using event-related brain potentials (ERPs) evoked during picture recognition to examine the cognitive and neural processes underlying primacy and recency effects. Each experiment consisted of 210 trials in which a recognition probe followed a 12-picture sequence (105 match and 105 nonmatch trials). The 105 match-probe trials consisted of 35 trials in which the probe matched a prime memory set item (Positions 1–3), 35 in which the probe matched a middle memory set item (Positions 6–8), and 35 in which the probe matched a recent memory set item (Positions 10–12). Behavioral results revealed …

Effects Of Sch-23390 On Dopamine D1 Receptor Occupancy And Locomotion Produced By Intraaccumbens Cocaine Infusion, Laura O'Dell

Departmental Papers (Psych)

No abstract provided.

Graduate Bulletin, 1998-2000 (1998), Moorhead State University

Graduate Bulletins (Catalogs)

No abstract provided.

The Influence Of Social Integration, Religious Integration, And Religious-Social Regulation On Suicidal Behaviors Among Seventh-Day Adventist Youth, Elizabeth A. Hossler

Dissertations

Problem. Since Durkheim's classic 1897 study of differences in suicide rates between Catholics and Protestants in Europe, much research has focused on the relationship between religion and suicide. Pescosolido and Georgianna (1989) have suggested that Durkheim's Catholic/Protestant paradigm may not work well in the more heterogenous religious culture within the United States. This present study used Pescosolido and Georgianna's (1989) social network theory to examine the influence of social integration, religious integration, and religious-social regulation on attempted suicidal behavior in Seventh-day Adventist adolescents.

Method. The data used for this study came from the Valuegenesis (1989) survey conducted by the Search …

Negotiation And Reorganization Of Peer Relationships During Adolescence: The Emergence Of Romantic Relationships And Quality Of Peer Relationships, Melanie Jo Zimmer-Gembeck

Dissertations and Theses

Research suggests that, for adolescent females, the initiation of romantic relationships is a normative developmental task and a task associated with potential difficulties, including physical aggression. Most previous research treats progress in this task as a function of individual characteristics. This study assumes that when girls are negotiating romantic relationships, they have existing intimate friendships with other females, and these friendships are important to how this task is negotiated.

Females who recently graduated from high school provided retrospective and current information on the amount of leisure time spent with members of their social networks, qualities of relationships in later adolescence, …

Technology-Enhanced Presentations In Large Classrooms : Effects On Adult Academic Achievement And Computer Attitudes, Pamela Rae Hilberg

Dissertations and Theses

Rising enrollments and budget restrictions are resulting in larger class sizes which can lead to difficulties with learning. Computer technology has been suggested as a tool that may help overcome some of these difficulties. Research on outcomes is important to find ways that technology may be used by instructors to help students with information processing (Gagne & Driscoll, 1988), and to see if the financial commitment required for integrating educational technology is warranted.

The purpose of the present study was to examine the academic achievement and computer attitudes of students in courses taught with traditional presentations and technology-enhanced presentations taught …

Investment Decisions By Individuals And Groups In 'Sunk Cost' Situations: The Potential Impact Of Shared Representations, Christine M. Smith, R. S. Tindale, Linda Steiner

Peer Reviewed Articles

Past research has shown that individuals prefer to continue investing resources into a failing endeavor once a considerable investment has been made, even when abandoning the project would be more rational economically. This phenomenon has been labeled the sunk cost effect (Arkes & Blumer, 1985). Since investment decisions are often made by groups, we compared individual and group propensities for falling prey to the sunk cost effect. we also varied whether or not individuals and groups needed to justify their investment decision to a superior. Both individuals and groups showed the sunk cost effect. Group process analyses showed that error-prone …

Correcting Turnover Correlations: A Critique, Chuck R. Williams, L. H. Peters

Scholarship and Professional Work - Business

In this article, the authors argue that turnover correlations do not need to be corrected. First, they maintain that correction formulas cannot correct for poor construct validity. Second, they discuss the original purposes of turnover correction formulas. Third, the authors describe the logical fallacies of correcting turnover correlations. Finally, they show why turnover correlations are not, as is widely believed, statistically limited to a maximum of .80.

Commitment In The Workplace : Theory, Research And Application : By John P Meyer And Natalie J Allen, New Delhi : Sage Publications, 1997., Anand Kasthuri

IIMB Management Review

No abstract provided.

Perception Of Mode, Rhythm, And Contour In Unfamiliar Melodies: Effects Of Age And Experience, Andrea R. Halpern, James C. Bartlett, W. Jay Dowling

Faculty Journal Articles

We explored the ability of older (60-80 years old) and younger (18-23 years old) musicians and nonmusicians to judge the similarity of transposed melodies varying on rhythm, mode, and/or contour (Experiment 1) and to discriminate among melodies differing only in rhythm, mode, or contour (Experiment 2). Similarity ratings did not vary greatly among groups, with tunes differing only by mode being rated as most similar. In the same/different discrimination task, musicians performed better than nonmusicians, but we found no age differences. We also found that discrimination of major from minor tunes was difficult for everyone, even for musicians. Mode is …

Coping Styles Of Parents With Visually Impaired Children Compared To Parents With Fully Sighted Children, Lisa Tackett

Theses

The purpose of this research study was to determine if the coping styles of parents with visually impaired children are different from the coping styles of parents with fully sighted children. These results indicated that there is no difference on coping styles with the parents with the visually impaired children and the parents with the fully sighted children.

The Influence Of Perceived Social Support On Loneliness Among Students Of Foreign Status Studying In The United States, Brian Vakoc

Theses

Loneliness is a common experience for individuals studying in foreign countries. Where cultures, communications, and social structures are unfamiliar feelings of loneliness can present a difficult component within the adjustment process. Social support has a direct influence on a person's ability to adjust to an unfamiliar environment. Feelings of loneliness experienced by a person can be attributed to that person's perception of social support. Students who are studying in the United States from abroad are subject to a multitude of unfamiliar environments that promote uncertain social supports and increased levels of loneliness. Understanding differences between cultures and their effects on …

A Connection Between Eating Disorder Symptomatology And Guild Or Shame, Deborah J. Kuehnel

Theses

By their own nature Eating Disorders are very self-destructive and potentially life threatening behaviors. They are symptoms which may represent a constellation of underlying problems. This investigation explores the relation of shame-proneness and guilt-proneness to eating disorder symptomatology in a sample of 171 undergraduate women. Participants completed the Eating Disorder Inventory-2 and the Test of Self-Conscious Affect (TOSCA). Shame was significantly and positively correlated with drive for thinness, bulimia, body dissatisfaction, ineffectiveness, interpersonal distrust, lack of interoceptive awareness, asceticism, difficulties with impulse regulation, and social insecurity. Guilt was negatively or negligibly correlated with these symptoms. These two correlative findings impact …

The Relationship Of Locus Of Control To Pathological Gambling, Michelle L. King

Theses

Unavailable.

Self Esteem Of College Age Adult Children Of Alcoholics And Adult Children Of Non-Alcoholics, Diana Lynn Grissom

Theses

Research is controversial in finding the role that parental alcoholism plays on an individual's self-esteem. Some results have shown that alcoholism directly effects a person 's self-esteem whereas, other results have found family dysfunction of an alcoholic to effect self-esteem. The Children of Alcoholics Screening Test and The Self-Esteem Inventory were administered to 52 college students. No significant relationship between parental alcoholism and self-esteem was found . This finding is in agreement with most of the research on adult children of alcoholics .

The Effects Of Childhood Sexual Abuse Upon Adult Male Attachment/Separation, Conflict Resolution And Psychospiritual Well-Being, Amber Thani Samaroo

Seton Hall University Dissertations and Theses (ETDs)

.

Principled Mentoring: Identifying Core Values For The Practice Of Mentoring, Peter F. Wilson

Doctor of Psychology (PsyD)

This theoretical study was done to promote additional research in mentoring, A great deal has been written about mentoring relationships and research has built a strong case for their value across a wide variety of settings. Mentoring is a centuries old practice in which younger or more inexperienced individuals are trained in a relational context by a more experienced, usually older individual. In more recent times mentoring has been most prominent in academic and business settings. Most often, mentoring takes the form of an unstructured relationship but many businesses and some universities have developed formal mentoring programs. The mentoring research …

Parent Childrearing Beliefs And Child Externalizing Behaviors In Families Of Adhd And Odd Children, June E. Hoefling

Retrospective Theses and Dissertations

This study investigated the relationship between the perceived externalizing behaviors of children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and oppositional defiant disorder (ODD) and the maladaptive childrearing beliefs of their parents. The study used archival survey data provided by Intervention Services, Inc., a community mental health center. Data from 338 families with a child diagnosed with ADHD or ODD were analyzed. The study used the Conners' Parent Behavior Rating Scale short version to measure the level of conduct problems, impulsivity, and hyperactivity of the children as perceived by the parents. The Adult-Adolescent Parenting Inventory was used to measure the degree of parental …

Evaluating Elaborative Interrogation's Efficacy With Expository Text, Rhonda Leah Boudreau

Theses and Dissertations (Comprehensive)

This study investigated whether elaborative interrogation would be an effective learning strategy with lengthy expository text. One hundred undergraduates (65 females and 35 males) comprised the study’s 5 groups: a) naturalistic elaborative interrogation, b) self-study, c) repetition, d) elaborative interrogation with pre-underlined main ideas; and, e) elaborative interrogation with pre-underlined main ideas plus structured ‘why’ questions. The expectation was that elaborative interrogation would prove to be a potent learning strategy relative to lower-order strategies (e.g., repetition); and that, when using expository text, students may require some supports to maximize the strategy’s gains. All students read an eight page passage on …