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Articles 1171 - 1200 of 44778
Full-Text Articles in Entire DC Network
Parental Incarceration: The Lived Experiences Of Those Left Behind, Shatoya L. Young
Parental Incarceration: The Lived Experiences Of Those Left Behind, Shatoya L. Young
Doctoral Dissertations and Projects
Incarceration in the United States is being touted as an obscure public health crisis. Approximately 47% of male incarcerated individuals and 58% of female incarcerated individuals are parents to minors. The number of children who have experienced parental incarceration at any point in their lives is believed to be more than 5 million. Incarceration negatively impacts the lives of children, especially when children lack an understanding of their parents' incarceration. There are risk factors that increase the possibility of adverse outcomes for children of incarcerated parents, and protective factors that mitigate the risk of poor outcomes. Many of the stories …
Likes, Comments, And Connections: Exploring The Perceived Impact Of Social Media Use On Relationship Satisfaction Among Men, Beth M. Pyritz
Likes, Comments, And Connections: Exploring The Perceived Impact Of Social Media Use On Relationship Satisfaction Among Men, Beth M. Pyritz
Doctoral Dissertations and Projects
The rapid growth of social media has transformed how individuals communicate and maintain romantic relationships, introducing both opportunities for connection and potential relational challenges. The purpose of this qualitative phenomenological study was to explore how men in heterosexual romantic relationships perceive the influence of social media use on their relationship satisfaction, including aspects of intimacy, trust, communication, and the balance between face-to-face and digital interactions. Semi-structured interviews were conducted via video conferencing with 13 men aged 18–35 who had been in a heterosexual romantic relationship for at least one year and were active social media users. Data were analyzed using …
The Correlation Between Leadership Performance And Personality In Virtual Technology Workers, Henry C. Mullins
The Correlation Between Leadership Performance And Personality In Virtual Technology Workers, Henry C. Mullins
Doctoral Dissertations and Projects
This quantitative correlational study examined the relationship between leadership performance and personality traits among leaders in the technology sector, who work across the spectrum of virtuality. Personality traits were measured using the Big Five model: extraversion, openness, agreeableness, conscientiousness, and neuroticism, using the IPIP-NEO-60 instrument. Leadership performance was measured using the Leadership Practices Inventory (LPI) and interpreted through both the Leader-Member Exchange (LMX) and Transformational Leadership theories. Holistically this is viewed through a Transformational Christian worldview. This study also examined the role of virtuality, defined as the extent to which an individual works from an office or remotely. Participants were …
The Moderating Role Of Peer And Leader Support Of Breastfeeding On Job Satisfaction And Turnover Intention Of Nursing Mothers In The Workplace, Dajah J. Thrash
The Moderating Role Of Peer And Leader Support Of Breastfeeding On Job Satisfaction And Turnover Intention Of Nursing Mothers In The Workplace, Dajah J. Thrash
Doctoral Dissertations and Projects
Nursing mothers who return to work after maternity leave face significant challenges in balancing breastfeeding with workplace demands, particularly when returning before the American Academy of Pediatrics’ recommended 6-month timeline. Previous research has identified peer and leader support of breastfeeding as key factors in supporting work–family balance, influencing job satisfaction, and promoting positive work behaviors, including motivation and productivity. However, little research has explored how peer and leader support of breastfeeding influence the relationship between job satisfaction and turnover intention among nursing mothers. To extend previous research, data were collected from 88 nursing mothers recruited through Private Facebook groups, using …
Teacher Perception Of Attention Deficit- Hyperactivity Disorder And Acceptability Of Interventions For Students With Attention Deficit- Hyperactivity Disorder, Andrea S. Thompson
Teacher Perception Of Attention Deficit- Hyperactivity Disorder And Acceptability Of Interventions For Students With Attention Deficit- Hyperactivity Disorder, Andrea S. Thompson
Doctoral Dissertations and Projects
Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a prevalent neurocognitive disorder, highly diagnosed in students. Teachers play a crucial role in the detection of ADHD and in implementing interventions. However, their perceptions, confidence, and barriers influence how interventions are applied in the classroom. The purpose of this study was to examine teachers’ perceptions and knowledge of ADHD and their perceptions of the evidence-based interventions for students with ADHD. The study also explored the role of student-teacher relationships on academic outcomes, perceived barriers to implementation, and factors influencing teachers’ willingness to implement interventions. Participants included 25 certified teachers, teaching core subjects in grades …
Sexual Scripts In Conflict: Does Religiosity Moderate The Relationship Between Pornography Use And Permissive Sexuality?, Alex D. Castaneda
Sexual Scripts In Conflict: Does Religiosity Moderate The Relationship Between Pornography Use And Permissive Sexuality?, Alex D. Castaneda
Doctoral Dissertations and Projects
The sexual script acquisition, activation, and application model (3AM) posits that viewing pornography leads to the internalization of the scripts implicitly and explicitly depicted. Recent research indicates that pornography viewing is associated with more permissive sexuality. Religious individuals, especially conservative Christians, report greater distress from their pornography use, and research has investigated the role of religiosity in pornography-related outcomes. Religiosity has been shown to protect against pornography exposure and buffer against the internalization of the pornographic script. Sexual script theory posits that individuals with existing scripts that are more deeply held will be less susceptible to new, contradictory scripts. This …
Intergenerational Apologetics: A Strategy For Careful Confidence, Thomas C. Farley
Intergenerational Apologetics: A Strategy For Careful Confidence, Thomas C. Farley
Doctoral Dissertations and Projects
There is a subtle confusion between the objectives of evangelism and apologetics, leaving Open Door Baptist Church (ODBC) seniors unknowingly ill-equipped and intimidated to defend their Christian values. The purpose of this Doctor of Ministry research was to address that intimidation by training seniors in a dedicated faith-values curriculum to become confident apologetic communicators. The intervention leveraged the process of intergenerational values-sharing while training stakeholders to develop their own faith narratives by seamlessly integrating biblical values with relevant apologetic particulars into personal stories to be shared with their grandchildren. In this environment, participants could develop a personal faith narrative that …
A Qualitative Phenomenological Study Of African American Millennial Couples' Perceptions Of Dual Trauma And The Impact On Marital Satisfaction, Christopher Ray Merrell
A Qualitative Phenomenological Study Of African American Millennial Couples' Perceptions Of Dual Trauma And The Impact On Marital Satisfaction, Christopher Ray Merrell
Doctoral Dissertations and Projects
The purpose of this phenomenological study is to describe African American millennial married couples’ experiences with unresolved trauma in the North Texas Region, Texas. The theory guiding this study is John Bowlby’s Attachment Theory. Multiple traumatic experiences and relationship fractures that inhibit marital satisfaction among African American millennials are also examined. Trauma, viewed from a generalized perspective and conceptual form, is defined as an uncontrollable and sudden event with highly adverse outcomes that may persist. Among African Americans, trauma from interpersonal distress, historical events, racial barriers, and socioeconomic stressors often hinders the pursuit of healthy marriages. This study examines millennial …
A Phenomenological Approach To Exploring Emotional Dysregulation And Lack Of Empathy In Preschoolers From Low Income Christian And Non-Christian Families, Christine Mendez
A Phenomenological Approach To Exploring Emotional Dysregulation And Lack Of Empathy In Preschoolers From Low Income Christian And Non-Christian Families, Christine Mendez
Doctoral Dissertations and Projects
Children often apply the adaptive skills they learn at home to the classroom in preschool, marking their first experience in structured environments. Two constructs, emotional regulation and empathy, are behaviors necessary for a preschooler’s development. However, the absence of socially desirable contexts can lead to preschoolers developing academic and behavioral deficits. Existing literature does not explore the spiritual, social and cultural practices of the familial and academic environments of preschoolers from disadvantaged groups. Earlier studies from higher socioeconomic levels suggest that poor attachment during infancy, parenting skills, trauma or lack of age-appropriate learning opportunities are conditions that deteriorate regulation and …
An Examination Of Cumulative Exposure To Potentially Traumatic Events And Identity Distress In Emerging Adults: The Influence Of Life Stressors, Posttraumatic Stress Symptoms, And Event Centrality, Kane Richard Vest
Doctoral Dissertations and Projects
Plentiful research has been conducted to examine the negative outcomes of exposure to potentially traumatic events (PTEs). Together, findings have indicated that certain exposures increase the risk of posttraumatic stress symptoms (PTSS) and adjustment problems in children, teens, and young adults. However, few studies have specifically focused on the influence of such experiences on the development of identity distress in emerging adults, and even fewer have examined such influence in the context of exposure to multiple potentially traumatic events. Exposure to natural hazards such as the COVID-19 pandemic and hurricanes is known to impact economic, social, and educational outcomes, but …
Which Is The Most Effective Study Break: Movement, Media, Or Rest?*, Emily R. Grant, Kalla Carballo, Aislin Robinson
Which Is The Most Effective Study Break: Movement, Media, Or Rest?*, Emily R. Grant, Kalla Carballo, Aislin Robinson
Campus Research Month
College students frequently incorporate breaks of various types into their study sessions; however, limited research has examined how different types of breaks affect memory retention. The proposed study will examine how exercising, spending time on social media, or participating in quiet rest affect delayed recall among undergraduate college students. The study predicts that students who participate in an exercise break will show improved memory retention, while students who are exposed to social media will experience reduced memory retention. The study also hypothesizes that students who are assigned to the quiet rest condition will demonstrate no significant change in retention. Undergraduate …
Long-Term Impact Of Covid-19 On Burnout, Turnover, And Job Satisfaction Among Hospital Nurses, Delaney Corona Martinez
Long-Term Impact Of Covid-19 On Burnout, Turnover, And Job Satisfaction Among Hospital Nurses, Delaney Corona Martinez
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
Hospital industry workforce separation has remained a persistent concern in the United States, with uncertainty regarding how national hospital industry separation patterns changed following the COVID-19 pandemic. The purpose of this quantitative, nonexperimental retrospective study was to examine whether national hospital industry monthly separation rates differed between the prepandemic period (2018–2019) and the postpandemic period (2023–2024), whether separation rates demonstrated a statistically significant linear trend from 2018 through 2024, and whether separation rate variance differed between periods. The conceptual framework for this study was grounded in Maslach’s Burnout Theory and Herzberg’s Two-Factor Theory of Job Satisfaction, which explain how workplace …
Developmental Dynamics Of Frontal Alpha-Band Eeg Coherence And Fearful Temperament Across Infancy, Samantha Christiana Gott
Developmental Dynamics Of Frontal Alpha-Band Eeg Coherence And Fearful Temperament Across Infancy, Samantha Christiana Gott
Electronic Theses and Dissertations 2020 - Present
Infancy represents a period of rapid neural development during which early temperamental traits begin to emerge. Fearful reactivity, a core dimension of temperament, has been linked to later risk for anxiety and related internalizing outcomes. The present study examined developmental patterns of frontal alpha-band electroencephalographic (EEG) coherence across infancy and tested whether neural connectivity within frontal regions was associated with fearful temperament. Participants were 61 infants recruited through a multisite longitudinal study conducted at Florida Atlantic University, Washington State University, and Virginia Tech. Infants completed laboratory visits at approximately 6, 8, 10, and 12 months of age. During each visit, …
Reinvesting In A Lived Experience Workforce: An Exploration Of Why Peer Support Specialists Leave The Field, Morgan Rae Pelot
Reinvesting In A Lived Experience Workforce: An Exploration Of Why Peer Support Specialists Leave The Field, Morgan Rae Pelot
Dissertations and Theses
Peer support specialists (PSSs) are individuals who use their lived experience of mental health challenges along with formal training to provide peer support to other individuals experiencing similar challenges. PSSs have only become integrated into the mental health care system within the last several decades. Recently, a study reported a trend of PSSs leaving the field of peer support, but there is a gap in the literature exploring factors that may influence this decision. This study examined if self-efficacy, motivations to join the workforce, and negative work experiences were related to workforce retention. A secondary cross-sectional analysis was conducted on …
Temperature And College Life, Porsha Purkiss, Quiniyah Shumpert, Olivia Lane
Temperature And College Life, Porsha Purkiss, Quiniyah Shumpert, Olivia Lane
Scholars Week
Temperature and College Life
Absenteeism in college students can be caused by a variety of factors ranging from personal attitudes to environmental factors. Considering that, on average, American college students spend over $20,000 per semester on tuition, absenteeism is unlikely to be random (Barragan Torres, 2025). This study aims to explore how climate, mental health, socioeconomic status, and basic demographic information correlate with academic attendance, with an overall focus on outdoor temperature. Research observes that temperature is a key factor of absenteeism, determining that many students are incentivized to skip class if the temperature is warm enough for leisure activities …
Drd2 Rs6276 Polymorphism And Trait Impulsivity In Individuals With Mixed Behavioral And Substance Addictions, Gabriela Zdunek, Remigiusz Recław, Aleksandra Suchanecka, Krzysztof Chmielowiec, Dariusz Larysz, Patryk Ilków, Kinga Łosińska, Jolanta Chmielowiec, Łukasz Jaworski, Anna Grzywacz
Drd2 Rs6276 Polymorphism And Trait Impulsivity In Individuals With Mixed Behavioral And Substance Addictions, Gabriela Zdunek, Remigiusz Recław, Aleksandra Suchanecka, Krzysztof Chmielowiec, Dariusz Larysz, Patryk Ilków, Kinga Łosińska, Jolanta Chmielowiec, Łukasz Jaworski, Anna Grzywacz
Baltic Journal of Health and Physical Activity
Background/Objectives: Impulsivity is a key transdiagnostic trait linked to dysregulated reward processing in both behavioral and substance-related addictions, as recognized in DSM-5. Dopaminergic genes, including DRD2, may modulate individual differences in impulsivity, particularly under conditions of increased addiction vulnerability. This study examined whether the DRD2 Exon 8 rs6276 polymorphism predicts impulsivity levels in men with mixed addictive behaviors compared with healthy controls. Methods: A total of 328 males (128 with mixed behavioral and substance addictions and 200 controls) were assessed. Diagnoses were confirmed using the MINI interview, and impulsivity was measured with the Barratt Impulsiveness Scale (BIS-11). Genotyping of …
Exploring The Well-Being Of Students: Mental Health Symptoms And Help-Seeking In Students With And Without Disabilities, Delaney M. Havrylkoff
Exploring The Well-Being Of Students: Mental Health Symptoms And Help-Seeking In Students With And Without Disabilities, Delaney M. Havrylkoff
LSU Master's Theses
Students with learning-related disabilities (LRDs) are a growing population in schools worthy of more holistic attention. This vulnerable population often receives support for their academic needs, while their mental health needs tend to get overlooked or untreated. Students with LRDs often face more negative experiences (e.g., lower academic performance, bullying, and peer victimization) in school compared to their peers without disabilities. As a result, they may experience higher levels of mental health issues. The purpose of this study was to examine the mental health status and service utilization of students with LRDs in schools compared to their peers without disabilities. …
Influence Of Moral Development, Religiosity, Achieved Belongingness, And Collective Narcissism On Conspiracy Theory Beliefs, Barbara Mahoney Lee
Influence Of Moral Development, Religiosity, Achieved Belongingness, And Collective Narcissism On Conspiracy Theory Beliefs, Barbara Mahoney Lee
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
Belief in conspiracy theories has been linked to prejudice and societal instability, underscoring the importance of understanding the psychological factors that shape such beliefs. This quantitative correlational survey research examined the extent to which moral development, religiosity, achieved belongingness, collective narcissism, and political party affiliation predict conspiracy theory beliefs. Wood’s three-tier model of conspiracy theory beliefs provided the conceptual framework for the study. Using validated quantitative measures in an anonymous, demographically stratified sample (N = 279), a stepwise regression analysis assessed how individual and group-level factors contribute to conspiratorial thinking. Although political party affiliation was not an initial focus, preliminary …
Evaluating The Effects Of Behavioral Skills Training On Defensive Back Skills In High School Football Players: A Focus On Man Coverage, Malachi James Jackson-Talmadge
Evaluating The Effects Of Behavioral Skills Training On Defensive Back Skills In High School Football Players: A Focus On Man Coverage, Malachi James Jackson-Talmadge
Theses
Behavioral Skills Training (BST) is an intervention package that involves instructions, modeling, rehearsal, and feedback. BST has been used to enhance athletic performance in several sports (e.g., soccer, field hockey, bowling). In football, two prior studies have shown improved football-specific skills following BST. Although effective, both studies implemented BST individually with each player, which can be time-consuming during football practices. Providing BST to groups of players may be an efficient alternative. Currently, no study has evaluated the effects of group BST in sports. The current research used a multiple baseline design to evaluate the effects of group BST on man …
A Mixed Methods Moderation Analysis Of Historical Trauma, Enculturation, And Drinking Among Southwest Indigenous Young Adults, Antonia M. Young
A Mixed Methods Moderation Analysis Of Historical Trauma, Enculturation, And Drinking Among Southwest Indigenous Young Adults, Antonia M. Young
Psychology ETDs
Multicultural efforts to understand how enculturation could reduce alcohol-related harms among American Indian and Alaska Native and Mexican American young adults in the Southwest United States have been lacking. The present mixed methods study tested the cross-cultural applicability of Walters et al.’s (2002) Indigenist Stress-Coping Model, which suggests enculturation moderates the relationship between historical trauma and drinking, between these groups using moderated linear regression. Participants (N=120) completed an online survey with items from the Historical and Intergenerational Trauma Transmission Questionnaire (HITT-Q), the Vancouver Index of Acculturation (VIA) heritage subscale (i.e., enculturation), NIAAA’s 30-day drinking consumption questionnaire, and one …
Cure Sound Project: Library Loudness, Jordan Cosgrove, Adrian Cruz, Lilliana Cantu, Izabella Grinnell, Idaly Oropeza, Maria Gamez, Regina Losoya, Kayla Martinez, April Martinez, Emiliano Rueda
Cure Sound Project: Library Loudness, Jordan Cosgrove, Adrian Cruz, Lilliana Cantu, Izabella Grinnell, Idaly Oropeza, Maria Gamez, Regina Losoya, Kayla Martinez, April Martinez, Emiliano Rueda
Posters - 2026
The Louis J. Blume Library has three floors. Each floor has a different purpose and expected sound level. Ideal sound levels can vary based on task. Tasks requiring intense concentration may be negatively impacted by high sound levels1. However, for tasks requiring creativity, higher sound levels may be beneficial2-3. The purpose of this study is to examine noise levels on all floors of the library and determine which floor is most suitable for different tasks and studying types.
The Relationship Between Environmental Cues And Emotional Responses, Isbella Cantrell, Ashley Frost, Mark Sanchez
The Relationship Between Environmental Cues And Emotional Responses, Isbella Cantrell, Ashley Frost, Mark Sanchez
Posters - 2026
The purpose of this study was to better understand if the environment influenced an individual’s emotions by observing horror and non-horror video games and coding the frequency of observed reactions. Former research illustrates that emotional arousal during video games may activate defensive behaviors similar to real-life threats. Three different YouTube streamers were observed playing one horror and two non-horror video games. All three streamers played the same three games. It was expected that all three players would have more frequent reactions to horror games as opposed to non-horror games (H1), that anger reactions would occur more frequently than sympathetic reactions …
The Role Of Leadership Style In Team And Individual Performance In Collegiate Athletics, Luke Mulkey
The Role Of Leadership Style In Team And Individual Performance In Collegiate Athletics, Luke Mulkey
Posters - 2026
• Measuring the effectiveness of leadership is important because strong leaders can bring significant contributions to both organizations and individuals
• Previous studies have said that intrinsic motivation of the individual plays a larger role than the leadership style of a coach
• Studies also show that leadership style has an influence on team success and cohesion
• This study aimed to determine the extent to which transformational leadership played a role in team success, measured in win percentage
• This study went further into the individual perception of their coach’s impact on the athlete’s performance compared to the extent …
Research Proposal: What Did We Lose When We Stayed Home? Digital Culture And The Erosion Of Social Interaction, Anzio Hall
Posters - 2026
Third spaces serve as casual social environments such as libraries and movie theaters acting as "anchors" for community and social connection. (Melissa et.,al 2024). Nonetheless with the rise of streaming services and personalized experiences, these spaces are increasingly disappearing from everyday life (Fowler, 2026; Van De Vijer, 2017). For Gen Z, a generation that had grown up with technology at their fingertips, raising questions about how they interacting with other and experience relationships (Fisu et al, 2024). This study aims to explore: How does Gen Z describe the experience of third spaces as they connect with others?
Traditional Masculine Ideology And Transphobia: An Examination Of A Predictive Relationship, Nikola Jensen
Traditional Masculine Ideology And Transphobia: An Examination Of A Predictive Relationship, Nikola Jensen
Psychology: Student Scholarship & Creative Works
This paper examines the role of traditional masculine ideology in the continued prevalence of transphobia. Drawing on established research, it follows the development of traditional masculinity in critical social and emotional aspects of men’s lives and explores the predictive relationship between endorsement of traditional masculinity and transphobic attitudes. It emphasizes solution-based psychological research in addressing and challenging this belief system, particularly gender-transformative programs for boys and young men, where supportive role models and healthy representations of masculinity are presented. Overall, it investigates both the consequences of traditional masculinity, including harmful expectations for men themselves and transphobia, as well as mitigation …
Investigating The Effects Of Depth And Distance On Jumping Decisions, Ean Fisher
Investigating The Effects Of Depth And Distance On Jumping Decisions, Ean Fisher
Honors Theses
For an actor to accurately perceive if a gap affords crossing, they must consider environmental constraints, particularly spatial dimensions like gap depth and gap width, and their own physical capabilities, as determined by body/action-scaled information, namely body height and jumping ability. Prior research has examined the gap-crossing affordance across various contexts (real-world, augmented reality, and virtual reality). However, no research has investigated the gap-crossing affordance through performing a standing jump estimation within VR. The present study investigated how depth and width influence the perception of gap-crossing, operationalized as the act of performing a standing jump across a gap within a …
The Role Of Parenting Factors On Moderating The Effects Of Parent Perceived Stress On Waist Circumference And Family Mealtime Outcomes In Black Adolescents With Overweight And Obesity, Taylor Ryan White
Theses and Dissertations
Family mealtime is a protective factor for adolescent health outcomes (e.g. well-being, diet quality); however, parent stress may diminish the frequency and quality of family meals and increase obesity risk through physiological (e.g., allostatic load) and behavioral (e.g., decreased physical activity (PA), obesogenic diet) pathways. Parenting factors, like responsive parenting (e.g., providing support for adolescent healthy eating) and feeding practices (e.g., parental monitoring - tracking adolescent diet), may mitigate the effects of parent stress by promoting adolescent behaviors (e.g., nutritious eating, increased PA) that are linked with healthier weight outcomes; however, few studies have examined this in Black families. Therefore, …
Politics And Intergenerational Conflict: Investigating The Impact Of Affective Polarization On Well-Being In The Vietnamese American Community, Van Phan
Theses and Dissertations
Vietnamese Americans are more likely than other Asian subgroups to identify as Republican. Despite this, Asian American youth, including Vietnamese Americans, still overwhelmingly identify with the Democratic Party. While political orientation could be a source of intergenerational conflict between Asian American generational groups, few studies assess these issues. The present study is an exploratory, hypothesis-generating study investigating the effect of affective polarization in politics on the relationship between intergenerational conflict and well-being for first-and-second-generation Vietnamese Americans. Results showed that affective polarization did act as a moderator for intergenerational conflict on perceived stress for both first-and-second-generation Vietnamese Americans. Specifically, Vietnamese Americans …
Navigating End-Of-Life Decisions: Cultural Considerations For Latine Patients, Michelle Carbajal Hernandez
Navigating End-Of-Life Decisions: Cultural Considerations For Latine Patients, Michelle Carbajal Hernandez
Honors Capstones
Healthcare professionals face many challenges when communicating terminal illness prognoses for individuals. This responsibility to address a terminal prognosis is further complicated when communicating with Latine patients who may face multiple barriers within the healthcare system and whose cultural preferences influence end-of-life care planning (Carrion, 2010). For example, Latines are less likely to enroll in end-of-life (EOL) care services (e.g., hospice) (Barragan-Carrillo et al., 2022). As well as engage in end-of-life care planning than White Non-Latines (Shen et al., 2016). To understand this hesitancy towards EOL care options, this literature review aims to explore how terminally ill Latine and …
Developing A Coding System To Record Orofacial Movements For Misophonia With Verification From Physiology Data, Rachel P. Sellers
Developing A Coding System To Record Orofacial Movements For Misophonia With Verification From Physiology Data, Rachel P. Sellers
Senior Theses
My thesis aims to develop and evaluate a facial coding system that can quantify facial movements in the context of misophonia. The system uses binary coding to individually quantify and identify each orofacial movement that occurs independent of other movements or artifacts that could interfere with coding data. The system can be used across multiple coders with statistically significant reliability into how orofacial movements are interpreted. The psychophysiological verification study used electromyography to examine the muscle potentiation of the corrugator supercilii and zygomaticus major muscles to map observable facial movement to underlying muscle potentiation. This facial coding system can be …