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Articles 3031 - 3060 of 20676
Full-Text Articles in Entire DC Network
Simulated Effects Of Postpartum Depression On Maternal-Infant Bonding: Mediated By Reward-Related Responses To Infant Facial Cuteness, Caitlin Harp
Cal Poly Humboldt theses and projects
Infant cuteness (facial cuteness in particular) is linked to evolutionary adaptations to motivate caretaking and protective behaviors (Kringelbach et al., 2008). Previous neuroimaging work has demonstrated that infant cuteness activates reward-related regions in the brain (Glocker et al., 2009) and behavioral work suggests that the reward value of cuteness is linked to maternal tendencies (Hahn et al., 2015). It is estimated that 15% of new mothers experience postpartum depression (PPD) (Wisner et al., 2013), which impacts the mesolimbic system and is linked to anhedonia (i.e., reduced ability to experience pleasure). Based on the above literature, this study used a simulated …
Does Heightened Perceptual Encoding In Blind Individuals Extend To Word Learning?, Lindsay N. Harris, Marissa Renee Bamberger
Does Heightened Perceptual Encoding In Blind Individuals Extend To Word Learning?, Lindsay N. Harris, Marissa Renee Bamberger
CISLL Publications
Past research reported blind participants tend to encode sensory details of encounters with stimuli they will later recall or recollect, whereas sighted individuals tend to abstract meaning from sensory information when encoding memories. Here we ask whether blind individuals’ use of perceptual in addition to semantic encoding extends to a task—word learning—whose purpose amounts to semantically encoding the word and definition. After studying the definitions of spoken or written words, blind braille readers (n = 23) and sighted print readers (n = 20) re-encountered each word and indicated whether it was previously presented in the same modality. Analyses …
A Comparison Of Symptom Profiles In Probands With 16p11.2 Deletion And Duplication Syndromes: Repetitive Behavior And Psychosis Proneness, Adrianna Rakauskas
A Comparison Of Symptom Profiles In Probands With 16p11.2 Deletion And Duplication Syndromes: Repetitive Behavior And Psychosis Proneness, Adrianna Rakauskas
Honors Theses
The present study examines two classes of behavior in probands with the 16p11.2 duplication and deletion: repetitive behavior and psychosis spectrum behavior. It was hypothesized that 1.) deletion and duplication cases will differ significantly in the means and profiles of repetitive behaviors across five subscales and 2.)16p11.2 duplication cases will exhibit more schizotypal traits than the deletion cases. Data on 94 total participants was obtained from the Simmons Variation Individuals Project. Three scales were used to measure behavior: the Childhood Routines Inventory-Revised, the Childhood Oxford-Liverpool Inventory of Feelings and Experiences, and the Child Behavior Checklist. Data analysis was conducted using …
Examining The Relationship Between Subclinical Borderline Personality Disorder And Social Support Networks, Gabriella D'Alicandro
Examining The Relationship Between Subclinical Borderline Personality Disorder And Social Support Networks, Gabriella D'Alicandro
Honors Theses
The purpose of my study was to investigate the relationship between subclinical Borderline Personality Disorder and social support in situational measures such as social provisions, network size, and network satisfaction as well as dispositional measures such as support seeking and socially supportive behaviors. I hypothesized that BPD scores would be negatively correlated with all dispositional support measures. I also predicted that in situational support measures, BPD would have a negative correlation. I hypothesized when confronted with romantic stressors participants would receive more support when confounded with the workplace stressors. Participants (N= 178; 146 women 28 men, 3 nonbinary individuals, and …
Psychological Effects Of Solitary Confinement, Asia Mclemore
Psychological Effects Of Solitary Confinement, Asia Mclemore
CMC Senior Theses
This thesis critically examines the controversial practice of solitary confinement (SC) in correctional facilities, aiming to elucidate its profound impact on the mental well-being of incarcerated individuals. Through a comprehensive review of empirical studies, theoretical frameworks, and case analyses, it explores the psychological, cognitive, emotional, behavioral, and physical responses of inmates subjected to prolonged isolation, revealing the intricate interaction between environmental deprivation and psychological distress. Key themes investigated include the induction and exacerbation of mental health conditions, including symptoms akin to post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and the conflicting effects of SC on institutional order. Furthermore, the study evaluates the ethical …
Music Density: A Novel Measurement Of Music Perception, Tyler Ussery
Music Density: A Novel Measurement Of Music Perception, Tyler Ussery
All Master's Theses
Empirical research in fields such as music perception, cognition, and therapy has developed considerably in recent decades. While many studies implement musical stimuli, there are few expeditious metrics for identifying the objective characteristics of music itself. The current study proposed and developed a tool for measuring perception of the theoretical concept of music density. Music density can be defined as the compactness of auditory information that comprises a piece of music. For this study, five musical factors were explored (tempo, texture, timbre, dynamics, and predictability) via a 5-point Likert scale. It is well established that personality is an important …
An Examination Of Working Memory In Dancers And Non-Dancers, Mason Low
An Examination Of Working Memory In Dancers And Non-Dancers, Mason Low
All Master's Theses
The present study examined the behavioral working memory differences between dancers and non-dancers. Previous research has indicated that dance can provide an enhancing effect on working memory, particularly in non-dancers. A Dance History Questionnaire along with the letters backward, digits backward, digits forward, letters forward, and abstract visual subtests of the Test of Learning and Memory II was used to collect data. The current study found that dancers had greater visuospatial memory than non-dancers and that dance experience may have an effect on certain working memory tests such as the letters forward subtest.
Evaluating The Normative Development And Efficacy Of The Life Functional Module, Kaitlyn A. Hui
Evaluating The Normative Development And Efficacy Of The Life Functional Module, Kaitlyn A. Hui
Graduate Theses/Dissertations
The Life Functional Module (Dixon, 2020) is an all-encompassing assessment and curriculum designed to promote learner’s independence and well-being by teaching daily living, social, leisure, and other functional or meaningful skills. There is a wide variety of curricula that is currently used in applied-behavior analysis services and programming, including the Essentials for Living, Assessment of Functional Living Skills (AFLS), and the Verbal Behavior Milestones Assessment and Placement Program (VB-MAPP). However, there is a lack of research in empirical evidence in regards to the efficacy of these curricula (Ackley et. al, 2019; Padilla et. al, 2023). The first manuscript of this …
Cognitive Reflection And Socioeconomic Status Predict Children's Explanations Of Inequality, Mykee Vives
Cognitive Reflection And Socioeconomic Status Predict Children's Explanations Of Inequality, Mykee Vives
University Honors Program Senior Projects
Research suggests children who prefer internal over external explanations of inequality (e.g., innate ability differences vs. structural racism/sexism) are more likely to develop social biases. Adults with greater cognitive reflection (i.e., analytic thinking) and socioeconomic status (SES) are sometimes less likely to engage in internal reasoning about social groups. We investigated whether cognitive reflection and SES similarly predict children’s explanations of inequality. Five to 12-year-old children (N = 162) completed Rizzo et al.’s (2021) explanations for inequalities task for the domains of race and gender. In this task children chose between internal (“because of who they are on the inside”) …
(2024) Different Maps, Same Territory: Dialogical Self Theory And Its Predecessors, David Kennedy
(2024) Different Maps, Same Territory: Dialogical Self Theory And Its Predecessors, David Kennedy
Collected Papers of David Kennedy
Dialogical Self Theory has not emerged in a historical vacuum. Its fore-runners, whether the Eastern Atman, the tripartite Platonic self with itsclear hierarchical relations, the Cartesian “ghost in the machine,” theFreudian ego-id hydraulic model or the Jungian topography of ego andunconscious, represent the theoretical grounding from which the dia-logical self has emerged and self-articulated as much as have WilliamJames, George Herbert Mead and Mikel Bakhtin. Most of them, includ-ing DST, center on developmental models, and see the self as intrinsi-cally oriented toward a more integrated sense of itself that Jung called“wholeness,” although their internal politics differ. Plato is an authoritar-ian, …
Exploring The Efficacy Of Interpersonal Psychotherapy Via Telehealth, Damon Tichenor Jr
Exploring The Efficacy Of Interpersonal Psychotherapy Via Telehealth, Damon Tichenor Jr
Psychology Doctoral Specialization Projects
The COVID-19 pandemic caused abrupt changes for healthcare providers across the globe. As a result of social distancing measures and stay-at-home orders, it was necessary that providers adapted their services to continue to reach their clients/patients. Specifically for the field of mental health, practitioners quickly and extensively adapted from a face-to-face format to providing their services using various forms of technology, otherwise known as telepsychology. Although telepsychology was established prior to the COVID-19 pandemic, the rapid adjustment forced practitioners to adapt their interventions to formats in ways that had not been proven to be effective. The purpose of the current …
Canine-Assisted Cognitive Processing Therapy: Promoting Healing For Veterans Diagnosed With Ptsd Through Canine "Battle Buddies", Shelby L. Meadows
Canine-Assisted Cognitive Processing Therapy: Promoting Healing For Veterans Diagnosed With Ptsd Through Canine "Battle Buddies", Shelby L. Meadows
Psychology Doctoral Specialization Projects
Trauma related symptoms and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) have long been recognized for their connection to military and veteran populations and has become a significant barrier to the provision of mental healthcare. This original contribution to practice explores the significance of Canine Assisted Therapy as a novel approach to treating trauma in veteran and military populations. An extensive literature review examines the current research and discussion on trauma-informed care. It begins with a discussion on evidence-based practices for the treatment of PTSD, including Cognitive Processing Therapy, Prolonged Exposure, and Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing. This is followed by a comprehensive …
A Domain-Agnostic Neurosymbolic Approach For Big Social Data Analysis: Evaluating Mental Health Sentiment On Social Media During Covid-19, Vedant Khandelwal, Manas Gaur, Ugur Kursuncu, Valerie L. Shalin, Amit P. Sheth
A Domain-Agnostic Neurosymbolic Approach For Big Social Data Analysis: Evaluating Mental Health Sentiment On Social Media During Covid-19, Vedant Khandelwal, Manas Gaur, Ugur Kursuncu, Valerie L. Shalin, Amit P. Sheth
Psychology Faculty Publications
Monitoring public sentiment via social media is potentially helpful during health crises such as the COVID-19 pandemic. However, traditional frequency-based, data-driven neural network-based approaches can miss newly relevant content due to the evolving nature of language in a dynamically evolving environment. Human-curated symbolic knowledge sources, such as lexicons for standard language and slang terms, can potentially elevate social media signals in evolving language. We introduce a neurosymbolic method that integrates neural networks with symbolic knowledge sources, enhancing the detection and interpretation of mental health-related tweets relevant to COVID-19. Our method was evaluated using a corpus of large datasets (approximately 12 …
Black And Blue All Over: Whose Lives Matter?, Bella Purvis
Black And Blue All Over: Whose Lives Matter?, Bella Purvis
Honors Theses
This study investigated the influence of beliefs about race on support for the Black Lives Matter (BLM) and Blue Lives Matter (BluLM) movements, mediated by attitudes towards police and beliefs about white privilege. Utilizing a sample of undergraduate university students, data were obtained through a survey measuring beliefs in the biological and social constructs of race, support for police, belief in white privilege, and attitudes toward BLM and BluLM. Results indicated that individuals who perceive race as a biological construct are less likely to support BLM and more likely to support BluLM, while beliefs in white privilege and attitudes towards …
Unpredictable Positive Experience Response (Uper) Training In Male And Female Rats: Effects On Cognition, Emotional Resilience, And Neuroplasticity Markers, Eve M. Barringer
Unpredictable Positive Experience Response (Uper) Training In Male And Female Rats: Effects On Cognition, Emotional Resilience, And Neuroplasticity Markers, Eve M. Barringer
Honors Theses
This study investigated the effects of positive anticipation on depression-like symptoms in Long Evans male and female rats, using Unpredictable Positive Experience Response (UPER) training. Rats that received UPER training (UPER group) were exposed to cues followed by a positive reward at random times, fostering anticipation of three different positive experiences. Along with the UPER rats, there was a group of rats that received positive rewards without anticipation (ENR group) and a group that received no positive reward or anticipation (CTRL group). After 7 weeks of behavioral… training, we examined how training impacted the animal’s cognition, emotional resilience, and neurobiological …
(Re)Constructing Race: How Essentialist Beliefs Shape Social Justice Support, Abbey Alvarado
(Re)Constructing Race: How Essentialist Beliefs Shape Social Justice Support, Abbey Alvarado
Honors Theses
The political climate and social discourse around social justice has grown increasingly tense and hostile in recent years. The current study investigated potential predictors of the opposition to support for racial equity and social justice reforms. Research illustrates that a biological conceptualization of race (“essentialism”) has powerful implications on information processing and social-psychological outcomes regarding issues of race and racism. In the current study, we conducted a survey of 164 University of Richmond undergraduate students. The survey examined the interplay of essentialism and beliefs about systemic racism and white privilege on social justice support. The results showed that essentialist beliefs …
State Politics And Stress Amongst Lgbtq+ Students At Florida’S Private Colleges: A Psychological And Normative Analysis, Alise Fortune
State Politics And Stress Amongst Lgbtq+ Students At Florida’S Private Colleges: A Psychological And Normative Analysis, Alise Fortune
Honors Program Theses
The recent wave of anti-LGBTQ+ politics and policies in Florida pose potential risks to the mental health and well-being of Florida’s LGBTQ+ students. The present study surveyed LGBTQ+ students attending private colleges in Florida to measure their self-reported stress levels in comparison to non-LGBTQ+ students, the level at which they believed specific sources of stress contributed to their stress levels, their level of distress upon experiencing discrimination, their sense of sexual identity distress, and their awareness of and involvement in advocacy against Florida’s anti-LGBTQ+ bills. Survey results suggested that anti-LGBTQ+ politics in Florida and the personal lives (social and family …
Perception, Attention, And Action! A New Perspective On The Associations Found In Educational Expertise And Visual Search, Ashley Sawyer
Perception, Attention, And Action! A New Perspective On The Associations Found In Educational Expertise And Visual Search, Ashley Sawyer
Honors Program Theses
Expertise as defined in literature is the peak or otherwise exceptionally high levels of performance on a particular task or within a given domain (Papesh et al., 2021). In this study, expertise is defined as the time length the individual has spent in their field. For the purpose of this research, an expert can exist in a plethora of fields ranging from history and music to mathematics or science. Becoming an expert requires for the individual to not only have the mental and cognitive concepts that come with acquiring this type of knowledge, but it also incorporates skills they know …
Emotional Throwing: Decision Making And Emotion In The Dual-Process Theory, Eve Wasil
Emotional Throwing: Decision Making And Emotion In The Dual-Process Theory, Eve Wasil
Honors Program Theses
The dual process theory of decision-making describes system 1 as automatic and system 2 as controlled (Frankish & Evans, 2009). While much research has been conducted on system 2 and emotional arousal, little is known about how arousal affects the more automatic, gut-feeling processes of system 1. Through galvanic skin response (GSR), a system 1 ball throwing task, and a system 2 trolley problem survey, this study measured emotional arousal’s effect on both systems in conjunction with one another. Results revealed minimal effects of emotion on system 1 and system 2, leaving room for speculation as to the robustness of …
Associations Between Diabetes-Specific Psychological Flexibility, Family Conflict, Parental Distress And Adherence In Adolescents With Type 1 Diabetes, Rebecca I. Laquaglia
Associations Between Diabetes-Specific Psychological Flexibility, Family Conflict, Parental Distress And Adherence In Adolescents With Type 1 Diabetes, Rebecca I. Laquaglia
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Background: Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is a chronic disease that impacts the lives of millions of children and adolescents in the United States. Adherence to diabetes medical regimens is often challenging, particularly among adolescents. Based on previous research, diabetes-specific psychological flexibility, or the ability of an individual with T1D to psychologically adjust to, accept, and commit action to manage their diagnosis, may improve adherence in youth with T1D. Factors such as diabetes-specific family conflict (i.e., conflict within parent-child dyads that is specifically related to T1D management) and diabetes-specific parental distress (i.e., emotional distress experienced by a parent or caregiver as …
Examining Invalid Brief Child Abuse Potential Inventory Profiles Within A Randomized Controlled Trial For Toddler-Aged Children And Their Parents, Lindsay Rebecca Druskin
Examining Invalid Brief Child Abuse Potential Inventory Profiles Within A Randomized Controlled Trial For Toddler-Aged Children And Their Parents, Lindsay Rebecca Druskin
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Child abuse is a significant public health concern that impacts children worldwide. Efforts to connect at-risk parents with prevention and intervention programs require the use of high-quality measures that evaluate child abuse potential. Researchers frequently use the Child Abuse Potential Inventory (Milner, 1986) and the Brief Child Abuse Potential Inventory (BCAP; Ondersma et al., 2005) which contain Validity indices that evaluate response patterns such as social desirability responding. The measure developers recommended that abuse risk scores from invalid profiles be disregarded in clinical and research settings; however, little is known about factors that may relate to invalid responses and whether …
Comparing Resurgence Following Positive And Negative Reinforcement Using A Human-Operant Approach, Abbie Cooper
Comparing Resurgence Following Positive And Negative Reinforcement Using A Human-Operant Approach, Abbie Cooper
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Resurgence is a type of relapse that consists of the recurrence of a previously eliminated response following worsening reinforcement conditions for an alternative response. Resurgence can occur following a history of positive or negative reinforcement; however, no previous evaluations have directly compared resurgence following these processes. In the present set of experiments, college students responded on a computer program to earn points (positive reinforcement) and to avoid losing points (negative reinforcement). Experiment 1 evaluated resurgence when both target and alternative responses were maintained by the same reinforcer class (i.e., in the positive-reinforcement component the target and alternative responses were positively …
Multidisciplinary Approach To Injury Rehabilitation: The D1 College Athlete Perspective, Lindsey Leatherman
Multidisciplinary Approach To Injury Rehabilitation: The D1 College Athlete Perspective, Lindsey Leatherman
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Sport injuries continue to be unavoidable disruptions in student-athletes’ athletic careers with over 200,000 injuries estimated to be reported each year in college sport (Kerr et al., 2015). Researchers continue to emphasize the importance of an interprofessional approach to rehabilitation to help athletes manage the adverse psychological and emotional reactions to injury (Appaneal et al., 2009; Gervis et al., 2020; Putukian, 2016). The purpose of this study was to extend and replicate the research of Clement and Arvinen-Barrow (2021) by incorporating perspectives of Division I US student-athletes. The current study describes 321 NCAA Division I collegiate athletes’ experiences of receiving …
The Invisible Load Of Motherhood: Exploring Parental Stress Differences Among Caucasian And African American Mothers, Angena Mombrun
The Invisible Load Of Motherhood: Exploring Parental Stress Differences Among Caucasian And African American Mothers, Angena Mombrun
PCOM Psychology Dissertations
Parental stress can be defined as the perceptions and feelings that are experienced in a parental role because the demands that are related to the role are unable to be fulfilled with the resources that are available (Abidin, 1992). Research suggests that African American women may experience more parental stress than their Caucasian counterparts due to various factors (Coll & Pachter, 2002). However, there is not sufficient evidence to support this notion as the majority of research available on parenting stress is comprised of middle-class Caucasian women (Coll & Pachter, 2002; Nomaguchi & House, 2013). The purpose of this study …
The Relationship Between Impulsivity, Avoidance, And Overly Positive Maladaptive Thinking In Adults With Adhd, Morgan Hagner
The Relationship Between Impulsivity, Avoidance, And Overly Positive Maladaptive Thinking In Adults With Adhd, Morgan Hagner
PCOM Psychology Dissertations
Adults with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) experience many difficulties in executive functioning and mental health. The literature supports cognitive behavior therapy (CBT) as an evidence-based treatment, for many mental health disorders, including the cognitive and behavioral issues associated with adult ADHD. There is evidence that some of the problems associated with adult ADHD are related to cognitive distortions, functional impairment, and deficits in executive functioning. Previous studies have found a preliminary relationship between cognitive distortions and ADHD, but these studies did not assess overly positive cognitions, the latter, also theorized to be related to this disorder. The purpose of the current …
The Relationship Between Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder And Sluggish Cognitive Tempo, Anna Podrasky
The Relationship Between Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder And Sluggish Cognitive Tempo, Anna Podrasky
PCOM Psychology Dissertations
Sluggish cognitive tempo (SCT) was first described as a syndrome associated with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD); however, SCT may be a unique construct, independent of the presence of ADHD. Archival data from a specialty outpatient adult ADHD clinic were analyzed to further evaluate the relationship between SCT and ADHD. It was hypothesized that there would not be significant differences between ADHD and SCT on measures of anxiety, depression, neuroticism, and sleep disturbance. Second, it was hypothesized that after controlling for anxiety, depression, neuroticism, and sleep disturbance at level 1 of a hierarchical regression analysis, there would be no additive predictive relationship …
The Experience Of Social Connectedness Among Adolescent Cancer Patients, Jennifer H. Nack
The Experience Of Social Connectedness Among Adolescent Cancer Patients, Jennifer H. Nack
PCOM Psychology Dissertations
Adolescence and young adulthood are peak periods for the attainment of numerous physical and psychosocial developmental milestones. A cancer diagnosis during this time can disrupt the achievement of developmental milestones and have significant impacts on Adolescents and young adults (AYAs) physical, emotional, social, and academic wellbeing. Coping with the uncertainty of cancer treatment can be particularly daunting for AYAs, as they strive to maintain a sense of normalcy amidst the disruptions to their daily routines and expectations. Moreover, changes to daily routines and expectations are found to cause periods of isolation and significant changes to social relationships between cancer survivors …
Role Of Resilience, Quality Of Life, And Social Problem-Solving In Caregivers Of Patients Living With Dementia, Emily Helene Fannick
Role Of Resilience, Quality Of Life, And Social Problem-Solving In Caregivers Of Patients Living With Dementia, Emily Helene Fannick
PCOM Psychology Dissertations
This study examined predictors of caregiver burden, mental health, physical health, overall quality of life, and the physical, psychological, social, and environmental domains of quality of life in caregivers of persons living with complications of dementia. Predictors included social problem-solving, caregiver resilience, length of time as a caregiver, and severity of dementia symptomatology. Caregivers recruited from an outpatient memory care clinic completed an online survey that included a demographic questionnaire, the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC), the Social Problem-Solving Inventory–Revised: Short Form (SPSI–R:S), the World Health Organization Quality of Life -Short Version (WHOQOL-BREF), the Dementia Severity Rating Scale (DSRS), and the …
Revisiting The Global Measures Of Overall Neuropsychological Function And The Impact Of Race-Based Normative Data In Clinical And Forensic Populations, Zachary Thomas Dipasquale
Revisiting The Global Measures Of Overall Neuropsychological Function And The Impact Of Race-Based Normative Data In Clinical And Forensic Populations, Zachary Thomas Dipasquale
PCOM Psychology Dissertations
This research investigated the impact of race-based normative data, the removal of a subtest, and the reason for referral on neuropsychological assessments. Three hypotheses were tested using various statistical methods. The first hypothesis predicted a significant difference in the Average Impairment Rating (AIR) when comparing European American normative data to African American normative data. The second hypothesis posited that the removal of the 12th composite score (Av-1) would significantly alter the classification of brain injury using the AIR. The third hypothesis proposed that a significant difference would be observed in the AIR, General Deficit Scale (GDS), and Halstead Impairment Index …
Child Language And Happiness Behaviors: Evaluating The Effects Of Caregiver Coaching, Ashlen Grubbs
Child Language And Happiness Behaviors: Evaluating The Effects Of Caregiver Coaching, Ashlen Grubbs
Theses and Dissertations--Early Childhood, Special Education, and Counselor Education
Caregivers of young children who have or are at risk for disabilities may struggle supporting their child’s language development. This study used a tailored rapid coaching intervention to teach a caregiver different naturalistic language interventions that can be used with their child during play. Evidence-based naturalistic skills for increasing child communication were chosen to teach the caregiver based on baseline levels of skills. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of a tailored RCI (training and coaching) with caregivers of children with developmental disabilities. Like other studies, this study involved evaluating child-level communication but extended child measures …