Digital Commons Network^™

Trends. Miscalculating Miscalculations: Why Iraqi Threats Against The United States (Us) Make Sense, Ibpp Editor

International Bulletin of Political Psychology

The author discusses the political and psychological impact of of Iraq actions against the US in regards to UN generated nuclear inspections .

The Progression Of Β-Amyloid Deposition In The Frontal Cortex Of The Aged Canine, Takao Satou, Brian J. Cummings, Elizabeth Head, Kristy A. Nielson, Fletcher F. Hahn, Norton W. Milgram, Peter Velazquez, David H. Cribbs, Andrea J. Tenner, Carl W. Cotman

Psychology Faculty Research and Publications

Brains from 41 aged canines (≥10 years of age) were examined immunohistochemically to characterize the laminar distribution and age-related progression of β-amyloid (Aβ) in frontal cortex. We classified the Aβ patterns into four distinct types. Type I was characterized by small, faint deposits of Aβ in deep cortical layers. Type II consisted of diffuse deposits of Aβ mainly in layers V and VI. Type III had both dense plaques in superficial layers, and diffuse deposits in deep layers. Finally, Type IV had solely dense plaques throughout all layers of cortex. We compared the A …

Right Medial Temporal-Lobe Contribution To Object-Location Memory, B Milner, Ingrid Johnsrude, J Crane

Brain and Mind Institute Researchers' Publications

An important aspect of normal human memory, and one humans share with many other species, is the ability to remember the location of objects in their environment. There is by now strong evidence from the study of epileptic patients undergoing brain surgery that right temporal-lobe lesions that encroach extensively upon the hippocampal and parahippocampal gyrus impair the delayed, but not the immediate, recall of the location of objects within a random array. These findings have now been extended to a multiple-trial, spatial-array learning task; by including not only patients tested after unilateral anterior temporal lobectomy but also those with a …

Weapon Size Versus Body Size As A Predictor Of Winning In Fights Between Shore Crabs, Carcinus Maenas (L.), Lynne U. Sneddon, Felicity A. Huntingford, Alan C. Taylor

Veterinary Science and Medicine Collection

Relative body size (carapace width) and weapon size (chela length) were used as indicators of resource holding potential (RHP) in the agonistic behaviour of male shore crabs, Carcinus maenas (L.). Weapon size was found to be a more reliable predictor of the outcome of pairwise fights than body size. Crabs with longer chelae than their opponents were more likely to win fights than crabs with relatively larger bodies. Body size had less influence on the outcome of fights. Relative body and weapon size did not influence initiation of contests but did affect the likelihood of winning; however, this was significant …

Subsystem Variables Associated With Positive Foster Mother-Foster Child Relationships, Meg Sandow

Psychology Theses & Dissertations

Many researchers have explored variables that appear to influence a foster child's placement, and both researchers and theorists have noted the need for an overarching understanding of the variables that may affect a foster child's care and progress. This study examined four interlinking subsystems of foster care: the foster child, the family of origin, the foster parent, and the social worker. Data regarding relevant variables for each of these subsystems were analyzed by means of canonical correlations, factor analyses, a multiple regression, and zero-order correlations. Participants in the study were 42 foster children from the Chesapeake and Suffolk Departments of …

A Moral Dilemma For The Political Psychologist: Decreasing Criminal Violence As Symptom, Ibpp Editor

International Bulletin of Political Psychology

This article describes two approaches to decreasing criminal violence and the moral dilemma in choosing between them.

A Framework For Assessing The Rationality Of Judgments In Carcinogenicity Hazard Identification, Douglas J. Crawford-Brown, Kenneth G. Brown

RISK: Health, Safety & Environment (1990-2002)

Arguing that guidelines for identifying carcinogens now lack a philosophically rigorous framework, the authors present an alternative that draws clear attention to the process of reasoning towards judgments of carcinogenicity.

Commentary On Linda Mealey (1995), The Sociobiology Of Sociopathy: An Integrated Evolutionary Model, Scott F. Stoltenberg, Joseph L. Hernandez Cruz, Don Joseph Stein, Linda Mealey

Department of Psychology: Faculty Publications

[SFS] When Genotype × Environment (G × E) interactions are present, heritability estimates are not interpretable. Mealey cites abundant evidence for G × E interactions in the etiology of sociopathy, thereby completely undermining estimates of the heritability of sociopathy which form the foundation of her model. Without proper evidence for a genetic basis of sociopathy, Mealey’s sociobiological model collapses under its own great weight.

[LM] It is impossible to discuss the constructs “heritability,” “theory of mind,” and “normality” in a single coherent essay. The following three rejoinders address each of these exceedingly complex constructs individually, as each relates to the …

A Comparative Survey Of Job Prospects For The Period 1991-1996, Matthew C. Bell, Adam S. Goodie

Psychology

How discouraging is the job market for young scientists these days? It seems that most scientists who have tried to land a job in· recent years can tell you, unambiguously, "Very." Are prospects bleaker for some experimental psychologists than for others? To us, it subjectively seemed so. In an effort to answer this question more rigorously. we analyzed issues of the APS Observer Employment Bulletin, published by the American Psychological Society, from 1991-1996. Admittedly, the number of classified ads for jobs in a specific category is only one index of the job prospects for that category, but it is a …

The Abled, Disabled, And Enabled: Is Seeing The Difference A Learning Disability Or Merely A Crime?, Ibpp Editor

International Bulletin of Political Psychology

This article identifies many of the Issues underlying the controversy over providing special accommodations for people who state that they have learning disabilities.

Trends. Bahtmen To The Rescue: A Psychology Of Altruism In Thailand, Ibpp Editor

International Bulletin of Political Psychology

The author examines the Thai financial system billion dollar rescue in terms of altruism vs. egoism.

Special Report From The Ibpp Notional Archives: Sun Tzu's Perspective On Operation Desert Storm In 1992, Ibpp Editor

International Bulletin of Political Psychology

The author discusses some of the tenets of Operation DESERT STORM in a special report.

Life In Captivity: Its Lack Of Opportunities For Variable Behaviour, Françoise Wemelsfelder

Zoos and Aquariums Collection

No abstract provided.

Group Therapy For Sexually Abused Adolescents : Assessment Of Coping Skills, Negative Beliefs, And Self-Esteem, Kimberly R. Akin

Master's Theses

The sexual victimization of children in an increasing crime problem in this country and is now also recognized as a serious mental health issue. It has been estimated that the risk of victimization could be as high as one in ten for boys (Finkelhor, 1979) and one in three for girls (Anderson, Martin, Mullen, Romans, & Herbison, 1993). Girls are eight times as likely as boys to suffer rape (Finkelhor & Dziuba-Leatherman, 1994). Prevalence rates estimate between 15% and 38% of women (Finkelhor, 1984; Herman, 1981) and 6% of men (Finkelhor, 1984) have experienced childhood sexual abuse (CSA).

There is …

The Man Who Would Be King: Thoughts On The Death Of Saw Maung, Ibpp Editor

International Bulletin of Political Psychology

This article describes some common psychological pathways resulting in political leaders believing that they are more than they are.

Off-Balance Balance Theories: The Saga Of Hun Sen, Norodom Ranariddh, And Pol Pot, Ibpp Editor

International Bulletin of Political Psychology

This article describes how psychological balance theories might be applied to generate hypotheses about political events in Cambodia since the Paris Accords of 1991.

Factors Affecting Agreement Between Alcohol Abusers' And Their Collaterals' Reports, Linda C. Sobell, Sangeeta Agrawal, Mark B. Sobell

Faculty Articles

Objective: Because of their low cost and ease of use, collaterals' reports are the most frequent source of independent corroboration with alcohol abusers' self-reports of drinking and related events. Although several reviews have shown that we can have confidence in the accuracy of alcohol abusers' reports of their drinking and in the use of collateral reports as an independent validity criterion, neither data source is error free. This study examined factors that influence the level of agreement between collaterals' and alcohol abusers' reports.

Method: Using data from a study of natural recoveries from alcohol-related problems, this study examined how …

Vocalizations By Isolated Piglets: A Reliable Indicator Of Piglet Need Directed Towards The Sow, Daniel M. Weary, Stephen Ross, David Fraser

Communication Skills Collection

When suckling piglets are isolated from the sow and litter-mates they vocalize a great deal. Sows also call when isolated from their piglets. In one experiment, we found that isolated piglets doubled their call rate in response to playback of sow calls, indicating that piglets are directing calls towards the sow. In a second experiment, we found that variation in the piglet isolation calls related to aspects of the piglet's condition: piglets isolated for 13 min in an enclosure kept at approximately 14°C called more, used higher frequency calls and longer calls, than litter-mates isolated in an enclosure kept at …

Dedicated To The Memory Of V. V. Nalimov, Yu. V. Granovsky

International Journal of Transpersonal Studies

No abstract provided.

The Self-Conscious Universe, V. V. Nalimov

International Journal of Transpersonal Studies

No abstract provided.

Elephant Days And Nights: Ten Years With The Indian Elephant, Robert H.I. Dale

Scholarship and Professional Work - LAS

Book review for the following title:

Elephant Days and Nights. By Raman Sukumar (George B. Schaller, foreword), Oxford University Press, 1996, 200 pages.

African-American Males' Perception Of Law Enforcement: A Psychophysiological Perspective, Adolph Brown Iii

Psychology Theses & Dissertations

This study compared the psychophysiological reactivity of African American and European American males to authority. Nineteen African American males and 23 European American males were randomly assigned to either be interrogated by a police officer, or see a police officer interrogate that experimenter or view a videotape of police activity. Participants' physiological reactivity, acceptance of authority, fear of negative evaluation or social anxiety, and apprehension and anxiety in stressful situations as well as EMG, SCR, heart rate, respiration, and blood pressure were measured. African American males were hypothesized to show greater physiological response than European American males and participants who …

A Comparison Of Coping Styles And Body Image Of Abused And Non-Abused Women, Laura Elizabeth Brown

Psychology Theses & Dissertations

This study compared body image, patterns of coping, and the relationship between these factors in subjects with and without a reported background of childhood incest. Self-report measures of personal experience (Relevant Variable Questionnaire and the Assessment of Coping Interview), body image (the Human Figure Drawing Test (HFDT) and the Body Image Assessment (BIA)), and coping (the Dissociative Experiences Scale (DES), the Albert Einstein College of Medicine (AECOM) Coping Scale, and the Symptom Checklist-90-Revised (SCL-90-R)) were administered individually to twenty-two women with reported incest histories and an equal number of women with no reported history of sexual or physical abuse. Significant …

The Relationship Between Adult Attachment Styles And Masterson's Delineation Of Personality Disorders, Kristina K. Roberts

Doctor of Psychology (PsyD)

The present study addresses the degree of relationship between adult attachment styles, as assigned by attachment theory, and personality disorders, as delineated by Masterson's developmental self and object relations theory. Relationships between the avoidant-dismissive attachment style and characteristics of the exhibiting narcissistic personality disorder, between the preoccupied attachment style and the borderline personality disorder, and between the avoidantfearful attachment style and the schizoid and avoidant personality disorders were anticipated. Eighty-six individuals involved in the Access Program in Spokane, Washington participated in the study. Thirty-four psychology students at George Fox University also participated in the study as a control group. Participants …

Legal Socialization Effects On Democratization, Ellen S. Cohn, Susan O. White

Psychology

As is the case with all our joint publications, this article represents a genuine research collaboration between the authors, with equal contributions. Therefore, neither is first or second author. This article uses data from a collaborative project that grew out of the Law and Society Associations Working Group on Orientations toward Law and Normative Ordering‘. Ellen S. Cohn, lames L. Gibson, Susan O. White, Joseph Sanders, Joan McCord, and Felice Levine were responsible for the development and implementation of the research design. Funding for the project was provided by the (US) National Science Foundation (SE 13237 and SIR 11403). Our …

The Role Of Men In Families: Achieving Gender Equity And Supporting Children, Patrice L. Engle

Psychology and Child Development

Fathers and men in families represent one of the most important resources for children’s well-being. Social services, including development interventions in the South, have hitherto failed to take into consideration the major role of men in families, and its effects on women, on children, and on the men themselves.

Coming To Terms With Heritability, Scott F. Stoltenberg

Department of Psychology: Faculty Publications

The complex mechanisms of heredity are little appreciated by nonspecialists, in some measure, because of misunderstandings that are perpetuated when words used for technical terms have other, more widely understood, folk meanings. When a word has both technical and folk meanings, it is the responsibility of the specialist to avoid promoting confusion by either using extremely cautious and precise language when using the term or, in cases when confusion is inevitable, abandoning the term in favor of one without a widely understood folk meaning. The study of heredity is beset by such confusion, and the term heritability appears to be …

Caregiver And Clinician Assessment Of Behavioral Disturbances: The California Dementia Behavior Questionnaire, Jeff Victoroff, Kristy A. Nielson, Dan Mungas

Psychology Faculty Research and Publications

As part of a multicenter project to study noncognitive behavioral disturbances in dementia, the authors developed a comprehensive caregiver-rated questionnaire for these behaviors. The authors determined the reliability of caregiver ratings and compared caregiver ratings with clinician ratings using standard instruments. Caregivers showed good test/retest reliability for ratings of all types of patient behavioral disturbance. Caregiver interrater reliability was highest for depression and lowest for psychosis. The correlation between caregiver reports and professional assessments was highest for agitation, intermediate for psychosis, and lowest for depression. The match between caregiver and clinician assessments of patient behaviors appears to vary significantly by …

The Efficacy Of Pediatric Pain Management Techniques For Infants During Inoculation Procedures, Kimberly K. Wisdorf-Houtkooper

Dissertations

In this study four different pre-immunization interventions were compared with respect to their effects on modifying arousal level before an immunization and their effects on the level and duration of distress after the immunization. In addition, the study evaluated whether the infants’ pre-inoculation behavioral state affected their response to a painful stimulus. Data consisting of facial expression, presence or absence of cry, cry duration, and behavioral state were collected prior to, during, and after the inoculation. Forty-two subjects were randomly assigned to one of four soothing conditions. These included: rocking, swaddling, sucking on a pacifier, and a control group.

An …

Touchable Untouchables, Ibpp Editor

International Bulletin of Political Psychology

With Mexican antidrug efforts as the context, this article describes some psychological impediments to developing and maintaining a trustworthy law enforcement cadre.