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Panic!: Anxiety Sensitivity, Perceived Stress, And Social Support As Predictors Of Uncued Panic Attacks In College Students, Julie Lynn Kaspar Jan 2011

Panic!: Anxiety Sensitivity, Perceived Stress, And Social Support As Predictors Of Uncued Panic Attacks In College Students, Julie Lynn Kaspar

Masters Theses

Uncued panic attacks are prevalent in the college student population. In the current study, anxiety sensitivity, perceived stress, and social support were explored as predictors of uncued panic frequency. Additionally, family support and close friend support were compared. A sample of 117 college students from Eastern Illinois University were assessed using an online survey that included a one-item uncued panic frequency measure, the Anxiety Sensitivity Index (ASI), the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS), and the Child and Adolescent Social Support Scale-College Version (College CASSS). Results indicated that all three predictors were significant when tested independently. When placed in a hierarchical regression, …

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Role Of Exercise On Psychological Health Of College Students, Shannon L. Goering Jan 2011

Role Of Exercise On Psychological Health Of College Students, Shannon L. Goering

Masters Theses

Campus recreation centers have been gradually developing within the past decade to not only serve as recruitment tools for perspective students, but to promote better physical health in college students. Also throughout recent years, researchers have linked participation in physical activity to improved mental health. Targeting the college-aged population, the present study examined the relationship between physical activity and psychological well-being in college students, specifically those who use the student recreation center (SRC) on campus. A sample of 210 university students completed various measures to assess overall psychological well-being (i.e., level of mood, selfesteem, stress, & life satisfaction) and regular …

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Perceptions Of Childhood Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder And Treatment Acceptability: Cultural Trends, Sarah Girresch Jan 2011

Perceptions Of Childhood Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder And Treatment Acceptability: Cultural Trends, Sarah Girresch

Masters Theses

A survey study, usmg a convenience sample, was conducted to assess relationships between adult perceptions of childhood Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) and treatment acceptability. Trends in perceptions about ADHD were also examined among African Americans, European Americans, and Hispanics. Ninety (90) participants completed questionnaires developed by the authors that evaluated beliefs about the etiology of ADHD, sources of information used to learn about ADHD, perceptions of stigma associated with ADHD, trust in the system, and attitudes about treatments. Participants overwhelmingly expressed a neutral perspective regarding ADHD-related perceptions. However, beliefs about etiology, endorsement of nonprofessional information sources, and trust in the system …

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Teacher Expectations Of Children With Mental Illness In The Schools, Jamie Lee Satterly Roig Jan 2011

Teacher Expectations Of Children With Mental Illness In The Schools, Jamie Lee Satterly Roig

University of Kentucky Doctoral Dissertations

Within an experimental vignette design, 224 certified teachers participated in this online study by completing a researcher created rating scale that assessed expectations for a child described in a randomly assigned vignette; a child without mental illness, a child identified with an emotional behavioral disorder, and a child identified as returning from acute psychiatric care. Results from the current study revealed reliable scales; learning, cooperation, self-control, and teacher self-efficacy. Findings indicated teachers reported significantly different expectations for children identified with mental illness in comparison to typical children in the areas of self-control and cooperation; specifically, teachers reported lower expectations for …

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Contextual Influences On Peer Acceptance And The Social Behavior Of Individuals With Intellectual Disabilities, Caroline Brooke Green Jan 2011

Contextual Influences On Peer Acceptance And The Social Behavior Of Individuals With Intellectual Disabilities, Caroline Brooke Green

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Much attention has been paid to the social behavior of individuals with Intellectual Disability (IDs) due in part to its relevance to quality of life. Deficiencies in social skills are comamong persons with IDs and may include problem behaviors such as withdrawal, aggression, and difficulty communicating with others and social skills training programs have been developed to improve social functioning. However, these programs have generally assumed that the social behavior of persons with IDs should be the same as that of individuals without IDs, yet, relatively little is known about the nature of the relationships among individuals with IDs and …

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Are Gender Differences In Empathy Due To Differences In Emotional Reactivity?, Linda Rueckert, Brandon Branch, Tiffany Doan Jan 2011

Are Gender Differences In Empathy Due To Differences In Emotional Reactivity?, Linda Rueckert, Brandon Branch, Tiffany Doan

Psychology & Gerontology Faculty Publications

The purpose of this study was to determine whether gender differences in empathy reflect differences in self-rated emotion, and whether they are influenced by the nature of the target of the empathy (friend or enemy). 24 men and 36 women were asked to rate how much happiness, sadness, and anger they would feel if each of ten scenarios happened to themselves, and how they would feel if it happened to a friend or enemy. Overall, women rated themselves as feeling more happiness and sadness than men, whether the event happened to themselves, or to a friend or enemy. This suggests …

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Psychosocial Aspects Of Physical Activity And Fitness In Special-Population, Minority Middle School Children, Jeffrey J. Martin, Nate Mccaughtry, Anne S. Murphy, Sara Flory, Kimberlydawn Wisdom Jan 2011

Psychosocial Aspects Of Physical Activity And Fitness In Special-Population, Minority Middle School Children, Jeffrey J. Martin, Nate Mccaughtry, Anne S. Murphy, Sara Flory, Kimberlydawn Wisdom

Kinesiology, Health and Sport Studies

Special-population research predicting physical activity (PA) and fitness with minority middle school children from at-risk environments is rare. Hence, the purpose of our investigation was to evaluate the ability of important social cognitive and environment-based measures to predict PA and fitness with children with developmental delay, cognitive, and emotional impairments. Children (N = 89, ages 11-15) completed questionnaires assessing social cognitive and environment-based constructs, self report PA, and completed fitness testing. Correlational results supported some hypotheses. The descriptive and correlational results also indicated commonalities with similar research on non special-population minority middle school children from at-risk environments.

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General Strain Theory And Juvenile Delinquency: A Cross-Cultural Study, Wen-Hsu Lin Jan 2011

General Strain Theory And Juvenile Delinquency: A Cross-Cultural Study, Wen-Hsu Lin

USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations

General strain theory (GST) (Agnew, 1992, 2001, 2006a) is an established criminological theory. Although the theory has been examined by many and enjoys empirical support, some limitations of previous studies need to be addressed. First, previous studies have not incorporated all major types of strain in their models; hence, the effects of these strains on delinquency are unclear. Second, many previous studies did not include negative emotions and even negative emotions other than anger. Finally, and the most serious limitation, many previous studies rely heavily on samples from Western countries, mostly the U.S.; thus, possible cultural influences are ignored. Although …

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Examination Of The Interaction Of Drinking Motives And Personality On Alcohol Use And Alcohol-Related Problems Among College Students, Jessica Lynn Martin Jan 2011

Examination Of The Interaction Of Drinking Motives And Personality On Alcohol Use And Alcohol-Related Problems Among College Students, Jessica Lynn Martin

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

Approximately 55% of U.S. college students report binge drinking at least once in the previous two weeks (Core Institute, 2006). Students who engage in binge drinking are more likely to experience academic, social and legal problems as a result of their drinking (e.g., Wechsler et al., 2002). It is important for researchers to investigate factors associated with alcohol use and related problems so that prevention and intervention efforts can be targeted toward those students most at-risk for heavy consumption and alcohol-related problems.

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Assessing Teacher And Parent Support As Moderators In The Relationship Between Black High School Students' Academic Achievement And Socioeconomic Status, Natasha Little-Harrison Jan 2011

Assessing Teacher And Parent Support As Moderators In The Relationship Between Black High School Students' Academic Achievement And Socioeconomic Status, Natasha Little-Harrison

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

ABSTRACT

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The Evaluation Of A Parent-Implemented Behavioral Intervention For The Treatment Of Food Selectivity And Mealtime Behavior Problems In Children With Autism Spectrum Disorders, Suzanne Michelle Milnes Jan 2011

The Evaluation Of A Parent-Implemented Behavioral Intervention For The Treatment Of Food Selectivity And Mealtime Behavior Problems In Children With Autism Spectrum Disorders, Suzanne Michelle Milnes

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

The purpose of the current study was to extend and replicate the procedures used by Gentry and Luiselli (2008) and evaluate whether their parent-implemented treatment package was effective in increasing food acceptance in children with an autism spectrum disorder. Additionally, this study evaluated whether food acceptance generalized to foods and mealtimes not targeted during intervention. A secondary purpose of the current study was to evaluate the impact of the same treatment package on each child's inappropriate mealtime behavior. Parents conducted all sessions in a naturalistic setting (i.e., the home) and parent training took place via a consultative model. The primary …

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Disordered Eating And Negative Evaluation Anxiety As Canditates For The Extreme Female Brain Type, Jennifer Ann Bremser Jan 2011

Disordered Eating And Negative Evaluation Anxiety As Canditates For The Extreme Female Brain Type, Jennifer Ann Bremser

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

Baron-Cohen proposed an inclusive theory of individual differences in cognitive style by creating a taxonomy of brain types that is based on the distinction between empathizing and systemizing. More males, than females, use a `systemizing' cognitive style whereas more females than males use an empathetic cognitive style. Further, he posited that a small percentage of individuals will manifest the pathological "extremes" of sexually differentiated brain-types. In support this theory, people with autism have superior systemizing skills with deficits in empathizing. While Baron-Cohen (2003) also proposed the existence of an `extreme female brain', he did not specify the form it would …

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Sex-Typical Body Shape, Quality Indicators And Behaviors, Kyungok Sim Jan 2011

Sex-Typical Body Shape, Quality Indicators And Behaviors, Kyungok Sim

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

According to evolutionary theory, sex-typical body shapes (a man's muscular physique and a woman's hourglass figure) are an outcome of evolutionary adaptation in reproductive fitness because they convey information about gene quality, health and fertility, which are important elements for mate selection. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether sex-typical body shape predicts individual variation in morphological traits that signal quality [fluctuating asymmetry (FA), hand grip strength (HGS), digit ratios (2D:4D) and leg-to-torso ratio (LTR)] and in psychological masculinity/femininity and the role of these in reproductive fitness. The results revealed that a man's masculine body shape predicted low …

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Encounters With The Outcast : The Ethical Relation In Wordsworth And Lacan, Heewon Kang Jan 2011

Encounters With The Outcast : The Ethical Relation In Wordsworth And Lacan, Heewon Kang

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

This dissertation examines the ethical importance of the moments in William Wordsworth's poetry when language verges on silence or presents experience as finally unintelligible, and explores the ethical dimension of outcast figures intimately connected with the problem of this void in signification, on the basis of Jacques Lacan's insights concerning psychoanalytic ethics. The question that orients the examination of the ethical issues embodied in Wordsworth's poetry is how one should encounter or represent the outcast figure as a rupture in meaning. And the ethics of subjectivity which Lacan explores in terms of his theories of the gaze, feminine jouissance, and …

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Comparing Collocated And Non-Collocated Licensed Substance Abuse Outpatient Clinics In New York State : A Program Level Analysis, Bradley R. White Jan 2011

Comparing Collocated And Non-Collocated Licensed Substance Abuse Outpatient Clinics In New York State : A Program Level Analysis, Bradley R. White

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

Objective. The study addresses two research aims: (1) to examine the extent to which caseload and program characteristics differ across substance abuse outpatient programs with respect to collocation with licensed mental health outpatient clinic programs and (2) to investigate the relationship between collocation and program level service outcomes.

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The Differential Effects Of Genetic And Dietary Alterations In Folate Status On Prefrontal Cortical Functions, Jessica Amanda Ash Jan 2011

The Differential Effects Of Genetic And Dietary Alterations In Folate Status On Prefrontal Cortical Functions, Jessica Amanda Ash

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

Folate status plays an essential role in embryogenesis and brain development; however, its importance in supporting cognitive functioning throughout adulthood is less clear. The present study was interested in examining the effects of genetic and dietary alterations in folate status on prefrontal cortical functions in mice, modeling a common polymorphism in the MTHFD1 gene in folate metabolism. A factorial design was used crossing two genotypes (mice with a gene trap insertion in the Mthfd1 gene exhibiting 50% decreased Mthfd1 expression: Mthfd1gt/+ mice or wildtype mice) with two levels of dietary folate (folate sufficient or folate deficient). The mice were tested …

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Pcbs And Measures Of Attention And Impulsivity On A Continuous Performance Task Of Young Mohawk Adults, Bita Behforooz Jan 2011

Pcbs And Measures Of Attention And Impulsivity On A Continuous Performance Task Of Young Mohawk Adults, Bita Behforooz

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

Past animal and human studies have shown that exposure to PCBs can result in a wide range of negative toxic effects. However, only a few studies have investigated the relationship between PCB exposure and attention and impulsivity. The present study examined the relationship between current body burden levels of PCBs and attention and impulsivity in young adults ages 17 to 21 from the Mohawk Nation of Akwesasne. The community is concerned because PCBs from industrial effluent have contaminated the local ecology and entered the Mohawk's food chain. Attention and impulsivity were measured by errors of omission and errors of commission …

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The Impact Of Exposure To Domestic Violence On Developmental Trajectories Of Depressive Symptoms And Antisocial Behavior Across The Transition To Adulthood, Aely Park Jan 2011

The Impact Of Exposure To Domestic Violence On Developmental Trajectories Of Depressive Symptoms And Antisocial Behavior Across The Transition To Adulthood, Aely Park

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

Principal Aims:

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A Comparative Evaluation Of Acceptance And Cognitive Restructuring Techniques For Coping With Acute Panicogenic Distress : An Experimental Evaluation In An Anxious Non-Clinical Sample, Erica Moses Jan 2011

A Comparative Evaluation Of Acceptance And Cognitive Restructuring Techniques For Coping With Acute Panicogenic Distress : An Experimental Evaluation In An Anxious Non-Clinical Sample, Erica Moses

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

Cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT), an approach that emphasizes increasing perceptions of control and cognitive change through cognitive restructuring, has proven to be an efficacious treatment for panic disorder. However, significant proportions of patients fail to achieve clinically significant improvement. Acceptance, an alternative contextually-based approach to content- and change-based cognitive strategies, has gained popularity within the field. Research on the utility of acceptance-based strategies for anxiety is promising, particularly in comparison to control-based emotion regulation strategies, such as suppression and distraction. Yet, to date, no studies have rigorously compared acceptance-based strategies to analogs of cognitive-behavioral techniques. The present study is the first …

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Darwin's Other Idea : Sexual Selection, Gender And Violence, Robert Samuel Moschgat Jan 2011

Darwin's Other Idea : Sexual Selection, Gender And Violence, Robert Samuel Moschgat

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

This dissertation provides an empirical exploration of Darwin's theory of sexual selection, which views the male propensity to engage in short term mating strategies--sexual promiscuity and violence--as the result of sexual selection. Within an environmental context, biological father and mother household presence are expected to inhibit the initiation of short-term mating strategies and increase parental investment--paternal and maternal attachments, supervision, and protection. Whereas, structural disadvantage--living in poverty and in dangerous neighborhoods--is predicted to increase the initiation of a short-term mating strategies and compromise the parents' ability to protect their children and by weakening paternal and maternal attachments, thereby increasing the …

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The Effect Of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (Cbt) On Driving While Intoxicated Offenders, Thomas P. Quinn Jan 2011

The Effect Of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (Cbt) On Driving While Intoxicated Offenders, Thomas P. Quinn

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

Social work research on evidence based practices in the area of driving while intoxicated could add to the development of reasoned policies essential to resource allocation. The purpose of this longitudinal study was to evaluate differences over time in DWI recidivism among defendants with multiple DWI offenses after receiving a Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) curriculum. A convenience sample of defendants on Probation supervision with histories of repeated DWI offenses (N = 286; m = 240, f = 46) were referred to the CBT program which was delivered by a clinical psychologist. Major findings included a significant difference at the .05 …

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Cardiovascular Reactivity And Recovery To Stressful Tasks Following A Mindfulness-Analog In College Students With A Family History Of Hypertension, Christoffer Grant Jan 2011

Cardiovascular Reactivity And Recovery To Stressful Tasks Following A Mindfulness-Analog In College Students With A Family History Of Hypertension, Christoffer Grant

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

Ninety-seven undergraduate students with a family history of hypertension participated in a study that evaluated the effects of a brief mindfulness-induction on cardiovascular reactivity and recovery to two stressors. Participants were randomized to either a mindfulness-induction or control condition and were then exposed to the cold pressor task (CPT) followed by the mirror-tracing task (MT). Blood pressure and heart rate were measured at baseline, post-induction, as well as during and immediately following each stressor. There were no group differences in reactivity to either stressor. Participants in the mindfulness-analog condition experienced significantly greater latency to systolic blood pressure recovery following the …

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Physiology Of Yawning : Proximate Mechanisms Supporting An Ultimate Function, Melanie Lee Shoup-Knox Jan 2011

Physiology Of Yawning : Proximate Mechanisms Supporting An Ultimate Function, Melanie Lee Shoup-Knox

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

Recent research suggests that yawning functions to cool the brain during periods of mild hyperthermia. Evidence for this hypothesis is largely behavioral, and includes reports of increased yawning during increases in ambient temperature and times of stress as well as an amelioration of yawning upon nasal breathing and forehead cooling. Little research has been published on the physiological mechanisms supporting a brain cooling function, however. The current set of studies explores human and animal physiological parameters in search of evidence of brain cooling during yawning. In humans, heart rate, skin temperature, and skin conductance findings suggest that yawning involves an …

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Effect Of Parent Personal Experience On Views, Level Of Concern, And Reactions To Middle School Students' Bullying Behavior, Leigh A. Cooper Jan 2011

Effect Of Parent Personal Experience On Views, Level Of Concern, And Reactions To Middle School Students' Bullying Behavior, Leigh A. Cooper

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

This study sought to generate a base of literature pertaining to parent historical experiences with bullying. Specifically, parent history of bullying was examined as a predictor of current perceptions, level of concern, and strategies used to prevent and intervene with bullying for middle school students. Parents from a public school district in the Northeast were invited to complete an online survey through letters distributed to their student and media-based announcements. Two-hundred-sixty participants provided viable responses. A series of hierarchical regression analyses were used to determine if parent history of involvement in bullying was predictive of their current responses to bullying.

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Examining The Role Of Ethnicity In The Nature And Assessment Of Body Image In Men, Jason Matthew Lavender Jan 2011

Examining The Role Of Ethnicity In The Nature And Assessment Of Body Image In Men, Jason Matthew Lavender

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

Although body image research has historically focused on dissatisfaction among women, studies within the past decade have begun to focus on body dissatisfaction among men, revealing important gender differences in the nature, conceptualization, and assessment of this construct. Despite recent advances in the research literature in this area, few studies have examined ethnic differences in male body image, and no information is available on the psychometric properties of many of the most widely used body image measures for samples of ethnic minority men. The purpose of the present research was to evaluate the psychometric properties of the Drive for Muscularity …

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Typically Developing Children's Attitudes Towards A Peer With Behaviors Indicative Of Autism, Lindsay A. Washington Jan 2011

Typically Developing Children's Attitudes Towards A Peer With Behaviors Indicative Of Autism, Lindsay A. Washington

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

Although inclusive educational programming offers opportunities for increased contact between children with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) and typically developing peers, research indicates that children with ASD continue to struggle socially in these settings. One possible contributing factor could be the type of attitudes that typically developing peers hold regarding children with ASD. The purpose of the present study was to determine whether typically developing first grade children express rejecting attitudes towards a hypothetical peer with behaviors indicative of autism. This study employed a between-groups design and included 89 participants. Participating children viewed a brief video that depicted either a child …

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Dietary Restraint And Weight Loss In College Students As Risk Factors For Eating Pathology, Katherine Elizabeth Schaumberg Jan 2011

Dietary Restraint And Weight Loss In College Students As Risk Factors For Eating Pathology, Katherine Elizabeth Schaumberg

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

Many suggest that dietary restraint represents a key component to the etiology and maintenance of eating pathology, and much research supports this position. Some recent evidence brings to question the relationship between dietary restraint and eating disorder risk. Furthermore, measures of dietary restraint do not appear to consistently predict caloric restriction, and these scales appear inadequate for differentiating between healthy and risky restraint in individuals. The current study seeks to examine the relationship between self-reported dietary restraint, recent weight loss, and eating pathology in a college sample to determine if cognitive restraint measured by restraint scales coupled with caloric restriction …

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Features Of The Human Body And Voice : The Biological Impact On Perception And Attraction Through Multiple Sensory Domains, Roy Nathan Pipitone Jan 2011

Features Of The Human Body And Voice : The Biological Impact On Perception And Attraction Through Multiple Sensory Domains, Roy Nathan Pipitone

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

A growing body of literature has shown that variation in the sound of a person's voice conveys important information about our underlying biology. The present studies further investigate how the human voice can be used as a medium that disseminates characteristics related to mate quality and attraction. The human voice has been shown to be affected by cyclic hormonal fluctuations across the menstrual cycle, and raters show preferences for voice recordings at heightened fertility times compared to other times during the menstrual cycle. In the current studies, this finding was replicated multiple times and less masculine males were found to …

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Pulsed Radiofrequency Neuromodulation Of Peripheral Nerve Injury, Alex Willett Jan 2011

Pulsed Radiofrequency Neuromodulation Of Peripheral Nerve Injury, Alex Willett

Honors Projects

Pulsed-radiofrequency neuromodulation (PRF) is a pain management technique that involves placing a needle electrode near nerves and generating electrical current pulses in order to modulate the transduction of somatosensory information through those nerves. This technique evolved from a similar radiofrequency (RF) procedure in which constant current is distributed to a nerve or neural structure. RF interrupts nerve conduction and prevents somatosensory information from reaching the brain. In the case of continuous radiofrequency, however, the destructive lesion can cause further complications and unwanted side effects. According to research, PRF, unlike RF, is non-destructive yet still induces analgesia and consequently represents a …

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Perceptions Of A Deity And Corresponding Religious Group As Affected By Descriptions Of Gender And Personal Characteristics, Hannah R. Jones Jan 2011

Perceptions Of A Deity And Corresponding Religious Group As Affected By Descriptions Of Gender And Personal Characteristics, Hannah R. Jones

Honors Projects

Both personal and social identities are important to the self-concept, but the values of such identities can come into question when they conflict with one another. The religious group, one such identification, can exert a great deal of influence over one’s thoughts and beliefs. However, religion is often critiqued for being a reflection of the patriarchal context from which a religion often emerges, which potentially elicits and reinforces gender stereotypes and sexism within the religious group. This can be seen in the Abrahamic religions; they maintain that their God does not claim biological sex nor gender, but their texts include …

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