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Nebbe's Nature Nest : A Summary Of An Animal Assisted Therapy Camp, Trisha L. Ames Jan 2006

Nebbe's Nature Nest : A Summary Of An Animal Assisted Therapy Camp, Trisha L. Ames

Graduate Research Papers

Two graduate students conducted a small animal assisted therapy camp. The main goal for this camp was to enhance and promote the campers' socialization skills and self-esteem through the use of animal assisted therapy. Two pre and post measurement scales were used to evaluate the children's loneliness and self-concept. The campers participated in a one-week camp lasting approximately three hours a day. To meet desired lesson goals, the campers engaged in direct animal contact and specific animal assisted activities. The following is a complete description and reaction to the animal assisted therapy camp led by Trisha (Hobbiebrunken) Ames, Nicole Whisler, …

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Childhood Sexual Abuse Among University Students In Tanzania, Denis Mccrann, Kevin Lalor, Joviter K. Katabaro Jan 2006

Childhood Sexual Abuse Among University Students In Tanzania, Denis Mccrann, Kevin Lalor, Joviter K. Katabaro

Articles

Objectives: There are no prevalence data for childhood sexual abuse among Tanzanian university students. This investigation addressed this paucity. The nature of sexual abuse was also investigated. Method: Participants (N= 487) from a university in Tanzania completed a questionnaire which assessed abusive childhood sexual experiences, gathering information about age of victim, duration of abuse, perpetrators, amount of force or persuasion involved, and potential causes of child sexual abuse. A number of individuals were also interviewed about their experiences. Results: The overall prevalence rate for child sexual abuse was 27.7%, with rates being higher for females than for males. The average …

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Suicidal Behavior In Incarcerated Men In The Pennysylvania Department Of Corrections, Gregory John Estadt Jan 2006

Suicidal Behavior In Incarcerated Men In The Pennysylvania Department Of Corrections, Gregory John Estadt

PCOM Psychology Dissertations

Suicide is a well-documented problem, ranking high in causes of death in the US and internationally. National and international programs have been designed to address the problem, as well as approaches targeting prison populations. Within these programs, knowledge of local risk factors is viewed as essential in identifying potential suicide completers. The current study expands existing knowledge of these risk factors in the Pennsylvania Department of Corrections by a) collecting descriptive data of completers and b) conducting a retrospective case control study. The descriptive data is utilized to create a profile of typical suicide completers in the PA DOC. The …

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Religious Orientation And Flow, Scott Robert Brown Jan 2006

Religious Orientation And Flow, Scott Robert Brown

Master's Theses and Doctoral Dissertations

This study explored the nature and extent of relationships between religious orientations, religious orthodoxy, and flow, which is an experience akin to “being in the zone” in sports. The three religious orientations examined were intrinsic religiosity, which involves shaping one’s life around religious beliefs and practices; extrinsic religiosity, which involves trying to gain rewards, such as social status, from religious participation; and quest, which involves seeking religious meaning as opposed to accepting traditional doctrines. Data analyses indicated that high scorers on extrinsic religiosity tended to have less intense flow experiences and that they tended to experience flow more often during …

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Social Suffering, Gender, And Women's Depression, Jeanne Marecek Jan 2006

Social Suffering, Gender, And Women's Depression, Jeanne Marecek

Psychology Faculty Works

No abstract provided.

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Effekte Pharmakologischer Und Psychotherapeutischer Interventionen Auf Depressionen Bei Kindern Und Jugendlichen. [Effects Of Pharmaco- And Psychotherapeutic Interventions Of Depression In Children And Adolescents]., Patrick Pössel, Martin Hautzinger Jan 2006

Effekte Pharmakologischer Und Psychotherapeutischer Interventionen Auf Depressionen Bei Kindern Und Jugendlichen. [Effects Of Pharmaco- And Psychotherapeutic Interventions Of Depression In Children And Adolescents]., Patrick Pössel, Martin Hautzinger

Faculty and Staff Scholarship

Entgegen früheren Überzeugungen besteht heute Konsens und Evidenz dahingehend, dass Depressionen eine bedeutsame Problematik bei Jugendlichen darstellen. Aus diesem Grund stellt sich die Frage nach effektiven Therapieangeboten für depressive Kinder und Jugendliche. Deshalb werden in der vorliegenden Übersichtsarbeit 24 Originalstudien (Kriterium: kontrollierte, randomisierte Interventionsstudien) zu pharmakologischen, 11 Studien zu psychotherapeutischen Interventionen und zwei Studien zur Kombinationsbehandlung dargestellt. Für etwa die Hälfte der Behandlungmethoden (pharmakologische Methoden 3/8; psychotherapeutische Methoden: 2/5) liegen keine randomisierten Kontrollgruppenstudien vor. Weiterhin liegen nur für einige SSRIs (Fluoxetin, Citalopram, Sertralin) ausschließlich positive Daten bezüglich der Besserung depressiver Symptomatik vor. Weiterhin zeigen sich nur für Fluoxetin keine Hinweise, …

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Using Social Stories To Correct Social Skills Deficits In A Student With A Learning Disability, April Larson-Evangelista Jan 2006

Using Social Stories To Correct Social Skills Deficits In A Student With A Learning Disability, April Larson-Evangelista

Masters Theses

Social stories have been deemed an effective intervention for people with autism (e.g., Richard, 2000). The purpose of the present study was to investigate the use of social stories with a participant not diagnosed with an autism spectrum disorder. The participant was an 8 year-old second-grade girl of average intelligence who was diagnosed with a learning disability in mathematics. Upon consulting with her classroom teacher, two social skills were identified as the target behaviors to be addressed in the present study. The first prominent behavioral concern was violation of others' personal space or standing too close to others. The second …

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Self-Efficacy And Adult Development, Daniel Cervone, Daniele Artistico, Jane M. Berry Jan 2006

Self-Efficacy And Adult Development, Daniel Cervone, Daniele Artistico, Jane M. Berry

Psychology Faculty Publications

A major theme in the contemporary study of human development across the life span is that people have the capacity for personal agency. Innumerable writers emphasize that individuals can exert intentional influence over their experiences and actions, the circumstances they encounter, the skills they acquire, and thus ultimately the course of their development.

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The Relationship Between Gay-Related Stress And Ethnicity For Homosexual And Bisexual Males, Keyona Jarrett '06 Jan 2006

The Relationship Between Gay-Related Stress And Ethnicity For Homosexual And Bisexual Males, Keyona Jarrett '06

Honors Projects

This was a two-part study that aimed to explore the relations between ethnicity and internal and external gay-related stress for homosexual and bisexual males. In the first study, ethnic participants exhibited more internal and external gay-related stress than Caucasian participants. Ethnicity was found to be closely related to internal gay-related stress, and less related to external gay-related stress. In the second study, which' was a secondary analysis of data from the Lighthouse Institute, ethnicity and/or sexual orientation did not seem to be closely related to substance abuse or mental/emotional health issues.

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The Perceived Attractiveness Of Adult Facial Prototypes, Ashley Whittington '06 Jan 2006

The Perceived Attractiveness Of Adult Facial Prototypes, Ashley Whittington '06

Honors Projects

This study investigated attractiveness ratings of individual faces and facial prototypes while controlling for symmetry. Symmetry was controlled by comparing symmetric individual faces to prototypes composed of 2, 4, 8, and 16 symmetric faces, morphed together by blending facial features such as eyes, nose, eyebrows, mouth, and outer contour. Adult male and female participants (N = 139, M age = 19.12 years) viewed stimuli presented on a computer monitor and rated the attractiveness of each facial stimuli on a 10 point scale, with higher values representing increased attractiveness. Results indicated that attractiveness ratings increased as the number of faces in …

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Developmental Needs Of Adolescents And Media, Laura M. Padilla-Walker Jan 2006

Developmental Needs Of Adolescents And Media, Laura M. Padilla-Walker

Department of Psychology: Faculty Publications

Adolescence is marked by a number of physical, cognitive, and social changes that interact to create a number of developmental needs specific to this age group. As adolescents seek to define themselves independently of their parents, they often turn to media as sources of self-socialization and of messages about their identity in terms of gender, sexuality, and ethnicity. Although parents and peers remain influential during this transition, this entry focuses on adolescents’ use of media to navigate developmental changes and cope with the daily difficulties of being teenagers, and on the role of media in shaping adolescents’ development of identity …

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Descriptive Study Of The Planning, Implementation, And Outcome Of A Parent School Involvement Program, Carol Mack Jan 2006

Descriptive Study Of The Planning, Implementation, And Outcome Of A Parent School Involvement Program, Carol Mack

PCOM Psychology Dissertations

Research verifies a positive impact on academic achievement based upon parental involvement with children's educational needs and school programs. It takes a sense of partnership between parents and schools to achieve positive educational outcomes for children. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the development, implementation and outcome of a Parent School Involvement Project involving parent-training workshops. While no statistically significant relationship could be found between improvement in student homework completion rates and parent attendance at school-sponsored parent training workshops, parents, faculty, and administration were united in their belief that the program was a positive and promising approach to …

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Examining Vicarious Traumatization, Anna Zacharcenko Jan 2006

Examining Vicarious Traumatization, Anna Zacharcenko

PCOM Psychology Dissertations

The purpose of this study was to identify risk factors correlated with vicarious traumatization in Critical Incident Stress Management (CISM) clinicians. One hundred and sixty clinicians were surveyed. Statistical analyses were conducted to determine if a relationship existed between variables, such as current and cumulative exposure to client trauma and clinician endorsement of disrupted cognitive schemas and intrusive imagery. Variables such as clinician involvement in professional and personal support activities as well as participation in leisure ·and spiritual activities were also examined. Study results suggested that a longer work history and utilization of peer support served as protective factors against …

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The Role Of Expectancies In Binge Eating Behavior, Jessica Larose Jan 2006

The Role Of Expectancies In Binge Eating Behavior, Jessica Larose

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The central aim of the present study was to examine the role of expectancies in binge eating behavior. Two distinct statistical techniques were used to accomplish this goal. First, regression analyses were conducted using variables previously identified in the literature, as well as eating expectancies as measured by the Eating Expectancy Inventory (EEI). For both females and males, regression equations including expectancies accounted for a substantial portion of the variance in binge eating behavior. Second, memory modeling techniques were used to model the probable organization of eating expectancies. Memory modeling of hypothetical expectancy networks has lead to successful interventions in …

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Hispanics' Attitudes Toward Seeking Counselingas A Function Of Psychosocial And Demographic Variables, Angela Rojas-Vilches Jan 2006

Hispanics' Attitudes Toward Seeking Counselingas A Function Of Psychosocial And Demographic Variables, Angela Rojas-Vilches

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Using variables identified in the social science literature believed to influence attitudes toward seeking professional counseling, an attempt was made to develop a model for predicting Hispanics' willingness to obtain professional help. A second purpose of this study was to compare college students (n = 158) with their parents on their attitudes toward mental illness and toward seeking counseling. Among predictor variables, social stigma and the belief that mental illnesses are untreatable were the primary variables predicting attitudes toward seeking counseling. The more college students and their parents perceived there to be social stigma attached to those seeking therapy, and …

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Predicting Anxiety From Parent And Childhood Variables, Brian Fisak Jan 2006

Predicting Anxiety From Parent And Childhood Variables, Brian Fisak

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The high prevalence rate, significant distress and impairment, and persistence of childhood anxiety disorders highlight the need for continued theoretical conceptualization and research into the developmental pathways associated these disorders. In response to this need, one goal this project was to examination and identify variables associated with the development and/or maintenance of child anxiety disorders. A second goal of this project was to examine the potential role of learning from parents as a risk factor in the development of child anxiety, with a particular emphasis on three learning mechanisms: modeling, information transfer, and reinforcement of anxious behaviors. The third goal …

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Setting The Pole: Critical Factors In Nascar's Success, Matthew N. Maisano Jan 2006

Setting The Pole: Critical Factors In Nascar's Success, Matthew N. Maisano

Seton Hall University Dissertations and Theses (ETDs)

This study examines the critical factors that make NASCAR so successful. Now known as the fastest growing sport, NASCAR started out as a limited funding, dirt track racing sport to a multimillion dollar, super speedway sport. Just like every sport, NASCAR has gone through many changes and this study will further discuss how it went from a sport to a business and then to entertainment and now a lifestyle. In the beginning NASCAR drivers were renegades with ties to moonshining; today drivers are considered role models and are active in Pop Culture. Constant changes in the sport have allowed it …

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The Horror Is Alive: Immersion, Spectatorship, And The Cinematics Of Fear In The Survival Horror Genre, Jay Mcroy Jan 2006

The Horror Is Alive: Immersion, Spectatorship, And The Cinematics Of Fear In The Survival Horror Genre, Jay Mcroy

Reconstruction: Studies in Contemporary Culture

The video game genre known as survival horror resembles contemporary horror cinema in that both increasingly popular forms of entertainment allow audiences to experience fear resulting from the development of suspense coupled with the dread and shock of encountering monstrosity. One need only note the remarkable success of next generation video game franchises like Resident Evil (1996) and Silent Hill (1999) to realize that, more than ever before, game players in their late teens and beyond long to immerse themselves within interactive nightmares that offer the kind of thrills and chills once available exclusively through horror literature and films. However, …

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Is This A Mirror I See Before Me?: Adolescent Girls Use Imaginal Writing To Re-Vision Life Experience: A Dissertation, Cameron L. Marzelli Jan 2006

Is This A Mirror I See Before Me?: Adolescent Girls Use Imaginal Writing To Re-Vision Life Experience: A Dissertation, Cameron L. Marzelli

Expressive Therapies Dissertations

This participant observer collective case study was an investigation of the ways in which an imaginal writing process might facilitate resilience in adolescent girls who had previously used writing to respond to challenging life experience.

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Evaluation Of A Cognitive-Behavioral Group Therapy Program For The Treatment Of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder In Female Juvenile Delinquents In Residential Placements, Janet Heesen Knapp Jan 2006

Evaluation Of A Cognitive-Behavioral Group Therapy Program For The Treatment Of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder In Female Juvenile Delinquents In Residential Placements, Janet Heesen Knapp

PCOM Psychology Dissertations

Female juvenile delinquents have a high incidence of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Residential treatment programs for female juvenile offenders typically lack gender-specific programming and empirically supported treatment protocols. This study attempted to examine the effectiveness of the Alternative Rehabilitation Communities, Inc., Group Therapy Program for Female Juvenile Delinquents with Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (Alternative Rehabilitation Community, 2004). This manual-based treatment program was conducted in 5 residential treatment agencies in Pennsylvania. Two comparable agencies served as comparison sites. Data was obtained from a larger study performed by the University of Pittsburgh Office of Child Development Division of Planning and Evaluation, which had …

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Shame In Body Image In Children's Literature, Joy Mauldin Jan 2006

Shame In Body Image In Children's Literature, Joy Mauldin

Doctor of Psychology (PsyD)

Even though children's books have been around for centuries, no research has addressed shame dynamics in children's literature. Psychologists can play an important role in the illumination of shaming content in literature, which will shape a child's perception of the world around her. In this qualitative study, five volunteers, non- psychologist adults ranging in ages 26-58 years, discovered that shame exists in children's books. The volunteers noted that shame can be both explicit and implicit in fashion. This study informs us that when given an understanding of shame, a non- psychologist layperson can identify shaming content in children's literature. This …

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Digital Extensions And Performed Players: A Theoretical Model For The Video/Computer Game, Ben Fisler Jan 2006

Digital Extensions And Performed Players: A Theoretical Model For The Video/Computer Game, Ben Fisler

Reconstruction: Studies in Contemporary Culture

Despite over twenty years of studies, scholars have yet to identify a productive theoretical model for the video game that does not depend on a fragmentary understanding of its form. Following Pierre Bourdieu's contention that the purpose of criticism is to understand cultural products as distinct scientific objects, and Marshall McLuhan's theory that the message and formative power of media are the media themselves, this study attempts to generate a foundational critical understanding of the video game. Building on the most lucrative intrinsic (such as David Myer's 1991 Computer Game Semiotics) and extrinsic (such as Jeffrey Goldstein's 1998 Immortal …

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Comparison Of Selected Survey Instruments For Software Team Communication Research, Raghava G. Gowda, Donald J. Polzella Jan 2006

Comparison Of Selected Survey Instruments For Software Team Communication Research, Raghava G. Gowda, Donald J. Polzella

Psychology Faculty Publications

One of the factors that influence task productivity is communication pertaining to task, resources, and organizational issues. The objective of this research is to explore the availability of validated survey instruments in the area of organizational and team communication and assess their applicability in software development team research. Based on past studies, we have selected six comprehensive instruments. This paper provides a brief summary of the instruments and the various dimensions that they cover. The instruments are classified using a Group Variable Classification System (GVCS - input-process - output - feedback) model for team research. As most of the instruments …

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(2006) Changing Conceptions Of The Child From The Renaissance To Post-Modernity: A Philosophy Of Childhood, David Kennedy Jan 2006

(2006) Changing Conceptions Of The Child From The Renaissance To Post-Modernity: A Philosophy Of Childhood, David Kennedy

Collected Papers of David Kennedy

In the eight essays that make up this volume David Kennedy offers provocative insights into what it means, has meant, and might mean in the future, to be a child. As we read him we feel the excitement of discovering truths that we want to think we knew all along. This book includes six essays on images of childhood and two extended reports on philosophical discussions he had with two groups of children. In each of those two reports on children’s thinking Kennedy interpolates his own reflections on the topics being discussed, on the methodology he is using, and on …

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Literature Review: Mental Health Outcomes Associated With Exposure To Ethnic Discrimination, Peer Victimisation And Peer Rejection : Gender Differences In Internalising And Externalising Behaviour. Research Project : Gender As A Moderator Of The Relationship Between Perceived Discrimination And Problem Behaviour Among Culturally And Linguistically Diverse Children, Jarrod Turner Jan 2006

Literature Review: Mental Health Outcomes Associated With Exposure To Ethnic Discrimination, Peer Victimisation And Peer Rejection : Gender Differences In Internalising And Externalising Behaviour. Research Project : Gender As A Moderator Of The Relationship Between Perceived Discrimination And Problem Behaviour Among Culturally And Linguistically Diverse Children, Jarrod Turner

Theses : Honours

The aim of the present study was to examine the relationship between gender, perceived discrimination, and mental health among young ethnic-minority children. To address this aim, 32 participants (mean age= 10.8 years), with an even sample across gender and cultural backgrounds, were asked questions relating to two types of discrimination (day to day and lifetime experiences) and their' primary caregiver was asked questions relating to child internalising (e.g. anxiety, withdrawal) and externalising (aggression, breaking things) behaviour. Almost all participants reported exposure to at least one type of discrimination. Girls, on average, scored higher on all measures compared to boys. Regression …

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Ethnic Identity, Perceived Discrimination And The Psychological Adjustment Of Culturally And Linguistically Diverse Children, Erin Louise Pratt Jan 2006

Ethnic Identity, Perceived Discrimination And The Psychological Adjustment Of Culturally And Linguistically Diverse Children, Erin Louise Pratt

Theses : Honours

Ethnic minorities can suffer detrimental health consequences as a result of their experiences with racial discrimination. A strong ethnic identity may buffer the impact of racial discrimination for the members of ethnic minority groups. The current paper reviews research on the negative health consequences associated with perceived racial discrimination. It presents research to support the notion of a strong ethnic identity providing a protective effect on the health status of ethnic minorities. Inconsistencies and limitations of the various studies are discussed. Abundant throughout the literature on this topic is correlational research design and experimental design is scarce; reasons behind this …

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Training Wayfinding: Natural Movement In Mixed Reality, Ruthann Savage Jan 2006

Training Wayfinding: Natural Movement In Mixed Reality, Ruthann Savage

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The Army needs a distributed training environment that can be accessed whenever and wherever required for training and mission rehearsal. This paper describes an exploratory experiment designed to investigate the effectiveness of a prototype of such a system in training a navigation task. A wearable computer, acoustic tracking system, and see-through head mounted display (HMD) were used to wirelessly track users' head position and orientation while presenting a graphic representation of their virtual surroundings, through which the user walked using natural movement. As previous studies have shown that virtual environments can be used to train navigation, the ability to add …

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Immediate Versus Delayed Feedback In Simulation Based Training: Matching Feedback Delivery Timing To The Cognitive Demands Of Th, Amy Bolton Jan 2006

Immediate Versus Delayed Feedback In Simulation Based Training: Matching Feedback Delivery Timing To The Cognitive Demands Of Th, Amy Bolton

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Optimal delivery of instruction is both critical and challenging in dynamic, scenario-based training (SBT) computer simulations such as those used by the military. Tasks that human instructors must perform during these sorts of simulated training exercises can impose a heavy burden on them. Partially due to advances in the state-of-the-art in training technology and partially due to the military's desire to reduce the number of personnel required, it may be possible to support functions that overburdened instructors perform by automating much of the SBT process in a computer simulation. Unfortunately though, after more than 50 years of literature documenting research …

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Invitation To The Table Conversation: A Few Diverse Perspectives On Integration, Natalia Yangarber-Hicks, Charles Behensky, Sally Schwer, Kelly Schimmel Flanagan, Nicholas J.S. Gibson, Mitchell W. Hicks, Cynthia Neal Kimball, Jenny H. Pak, Thomas G. Plante, Steven L. Porter Jan 2006

Invitation To The Table Conversation: A Few Diverse Perspectives On Integration, Natalia Yangarber-Hicks, Charles Behensky, Sally Schwer, Kelly Schimmel Flanagan, Nicholas J.S. Gibson, Mitchell W. Hicks, Cynthia Neal Kimball, Jenny H. Pak, Thomas G. Plante, Steven L. Porter

Psychology

This article represents an invitation to the "integration table" to several previously underrepresented perspectives within Christian psychology. The Judeo-Christian tradition and current views on scholarship and Christian faith compel us to extend hospitality to minority voices within integration, thereby enriching and challenging existing paradigms in the field. Contributors to this article, spanning areas of cultural, disciplinary, and theological diversity, provide suggestions for how their distinct voices can enhance future integrative efforts.

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Understanding The Nature Of Surgical Excellence Using A Competency Modeling Approach, Hope S. Hanner-Bailey Jan 2006

Understanding The Nature Of Surgical Excellence Using A Competency Modeling Approach, Hope S. Hanner-Bailey

Psychology Theses & Dissertations

Currently, a thorough description of the knowledge, skills, abilities, and other personal characteristics (KSAOs) that distinguish an exceptional surgeon does not exist. This knowledge is pertinent to the development of selection, training, and performance assessment methods that can be used to develop high performing surgeons. Expert surgeons from around the country were recruited to participate in an interview to discuss the KSAOs (i.e., the competencies) needed to be exceptional in the field. A smaller number of novice surgeons were also interviewed. The expert interview data were distilled into a competency model that consists of ten competencies and patterns within the …

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