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Prevalence Rates And Factor Analysis Of Dsm-Iv Specific Phobia Types, Sarah P. Kerrick

Masters Theses

The Object and Situation Anxiety Survey (OSAS) was factor analyzed in a sample of 288 undergraduate participants. The OSAS is directly derived from DSM-IV (1994) criteria for specific phobia using the 5 diagnostic criteria across the 4 DSM-IV (1994) phobia types (animal, natural environment, blood-injection-injury, and situational), plus social phobia. Five reliable factors were derived from the OSAS that included each of the DSM-IV (1994) phobia types and social phobia. Prevalence rates for each phobia type were as follows: animal type (2.1%), natural-environment type (3.5%), blood-injection-injury type (6.6%), situational type (2.4%), and social phobia (8.7%). The prevalence of any type …

Differences In The Dreaming Style Of Schizophrenic And Non-Schizophrenic Subjects Based On Subscales Of The Dreaming Style Questionnaire, Larry Knopp

Masters Theses

The differences in dreaming style between 25 participants diagnosed with schizophrenia and 90 participants comprising a control group were examined. A Dreaming Style Questionnaire (DSQ), was administered to each participant. Nine subscales of the DSQ were used to explore differences in dreaming style between these two groups. A significant difference (p <.003) was found for the familiarity of characters subscales, showing those diagnosed with schizophrenia report that the characters in their dreams are unfamiliar to them. Trends were noted for the subscales assertiveness, low involvement, participation, and bizarreness. Information processing, function of rapid eye movement (REM) sleep, and dreaming style, were reviewed. It is concluded that dreaming style differences are found between the two groups. The significance of dream research is that innovative treatment methods for common mental health issues are being implemented and are proving to exhibit benefits to the recipient. Hopefully, research will shed some light on the etiology of mental health disorders resulting in better treatment methods.

Reflections On Mentoring, Nancy S. Thurston

Faculty Publications - Doctor of Psychology (PsyD) Program

No abstract provided.

Spiritual Directors And Clinical Psychologists: A Comparison Of Mental Health And Spiritual Values, Nicholas C. Howard, Mark R. Mcminn, Leslie D. Bissell, Sally R. Faries, Jeffrey B. Vanmeter

Faculty Publications - Doctor of Psychology (PsyD) Program

We surveyed a total of 315 spiritual directors, psychologist members of the Christian Association for Psychological Studies (CAPS), and psychologist members of the American Psychological Association (APA) to determine their respective values on ten mental health themes derived from Jensen and Bergin (1988), and three spirituality scales drawn from the writings of John of the Cross. All three groups endorsed the value of expressing feelings, personal autonomy and maturity, and integrating work and leisure. CAPS psychologists and spiritual directors endorsed more than APA psychologists the values of spirituality, forgiveness, and the three John of the Cross scales. Spiritual directors reported …

A Preliminary Assessment Of Mental Health Needs Faced In Religious Leaders In Eastern Europe, Brent M. Ellens, Mark R. Mcminn, Linda L. Lake, Matthew M. Hardy, Elizabeth J. Hayen

Faculty Publications - Doctor of Psychology (PsyD) Program

Enormous sociopolitical changes in Eastern Europe in the last decade have had a profound impact on the psychological functioning of the citizens of these nations. In order to assess and intervene in the mental health realm in Eastern Europe, a brief survey was sent to various Christian leaders in Eastern Europe. Common mental health problems identified across the various Eastern European countries and cultures include depression, relationship difficulties, alcohol abuse, and anxiety disorders. Christians in Eastern Europe tend to turn to family and friends for help with these problems first, pastors second, and almost never to mental health professionals. Clergy …

Integration As Service: Implications Of Faith-Praxis Integration For Training, Sally Schwer Canning, Carlos F. Pozzi, J. Derek Mcneil

Faculty Publications - Doctor of Psychology (PsyD) Program

Faith-praxis integration should be given further attention as the integration of applied psychology and Christian theology proceeds. The authors outline a rationale for faith-praxis integration based upon patterns of mental health needs and resources in the U.S. and for a Kingdom mandate. Implications of a faith-praxis perspective for trainers of Christian psychologists are suggested in relation to a program’s missions statement, faculty, course work, practical training, research, and relationship to the community. Selected activities of existing Christian psychology training programs are included to illustrate these implications. Ongoing discussion is invited concerning this emerging area of integration.

Perception Of Parental Acceptance-Rejection And Satisfaction With Life In Women With Binge Eating Disorder, Nina L. Dominy, W. Brad Johnson, Chris Koch

Faculty Publications - Psychology Department

The authors contribute to the validating literature for binge eating disorder (BED) by examining perceptions of parents and satisfaction with life among obese women with and without BED. Participants were female patients, recruited through a private medical clinic, who were assigned to groups on the basis of body mass index (BMI) and scores on the Questionnaire on Eating and Weight Patterns (QEWP; R. L. Spitzer et al., 1992). Groups consisted of (a) obese women with BED (n = 32). (b) obese women who had no eating disorders (n = 51). and (c) nonobese women with no eating disorders (n = …

Impact Of Insecure Attachment On Children's Social Skill Development, Kimberly A. Conrad

Graduate Research Papers

This paper focuses primarily on the importance of secure parent/child attachment to healthy development of children. Attachment theory is utilized to explain possible causes of pathological and anti-social behavior. In particular, it describes how insecure (both anxious and avoidant) attachments between parent (caretaker) and child may lead to angry, coercive, immature, withdrawn, or even suicidal behaviors in children. Parent/child attachment problems are linked to social skill deficits and problems in peer relationships. Implications for school psychologists and for future research are offered.

Effective Multidisciplinary Team Problem Solving : A Review Of Literature, Debra S. Meyer

Graduate Research Papers

The historical legislation mandating multidisciplinary teams (MDTs) in schools is well known, yet relatively little attention has been directed toward either evaluating systematic processes that would lead to the desired outcome of better services to all students or educating team members in problem solving content and process. The purpose of the study was to examine the factors that influence problem solving outcomes and other aspects of service delivery in MDT settings, including the changing role of school psychologists.

Results indicated much variability and little consensus in several areas: clarity of role expectations, family involvement, interdisciplinary collaboration, continuing educational training, and …

Play Therapy For Children With Aggressive Behavior, Jennifer M. Brehm

Graduate Research Papers

The purpose of this literature review was to investigate the effectiveness of various play therapy interventions for decreasing developmentally inappropriate aggression of children. Psychoanalytic, cognitive-behavioral, and person-centered approaches of play therapy were reviewed. Each of the three theoretical approaches to therapy was described in relation to the aggressive behaviors of children. Similarities and differences among the three therapies were discussed. Efficacy of the interventions was presented based on published literature only. More studies of the various types of play therapy, particularly in relation to the aggressive behaviors of children, need to be conducted and results disseminated.

The Impact Of A Peer-Led Program On The Peer Leaders' Leadership-Related Skills, Christopher J. Hogan

Theses and Dissertations

Leadership and goal setting skills were examined for 49 high school students who implemented a peer-led health and life skills program for sixth grade students. Participants completed surveys that included a leadership scale and a goal setting scale constructed for this study. and an adapted version of the Goals Inventory. Surveys were administered to the participants prior to a 3-day training (Time Point I), immediately following the training (Time Point 2). and at the completion of leading 12. 1-hour workshops (Time Point 3). The results indicate that high school peer leaders perceived an increase in both their leadership and goal …

Do The Rich Get Richer? A Meta-Analysis Of Methodological And Substantive Moderators Of Couple Enrichment, Terry L. Hight

Theses and Dissertations

This study examined the effectiveness of couple enrichment using currently-accepted standards of meta-analytic research, including analysis based upon both fixed-effects and random effects models. Ninety published and unpublished studies comparing enrichment groups to control groups were included in the analyses. The overall mean effect size (0.23) for couple enrichment was heterogeneous, positive, and significantly different than 0. Mean effect sizes for both post-treatment and follow-up did not differ significantly. Methodological and substantive moderator variables associated with publication date, publication source, program type, program length, latency of measurement, mode of measurement, measure type, measure/program congruence, design quality, and researcher allegiance were …

Unsupportive Social Interactions As Moderators Of Adjustment In Acute Cardiac Patients, Scott L. Green

Theses and Dissertations

The purpose of the present study was to examine the impact of unsupportive social interactions, within Lazarus and Folkman's (1984) cognitive appraisal model, on individual's mood states following an acute cardiac event (i.e., myocardial infarction, percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty, coronary artery bypass grafting). It was hypothesized that unsupportive social interactions would exacerbate the effects of a patient's appraisals of threat secondary to an acute cardiac event. Participants in the present investigation were 67 patients from the cardiology unit of the Veterans Administration Medical Center in Richmond, Virginia. Each participant had incurred an acute cardiac event, as classified by the International …

Predictors Of Condom Use Self-Efficacy And Perceptions Of Responsibilities Of Safer Sex Behaviors Among College Students, Lucy Ann Quatrella

Seton Hall University Dissertations and Theses (ETDs)

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Similarities In Aggression, Inattention/Hyperactivity, Depression, And Anxiety Between Friends And Nonfriends, Kristin A. Clark

Dissertations and Theses @ UNI

Friendship similarities on behavioral and psychopathological characteristics have been proposed as being risk factors for maladaptive development, yet these similarities have not been thoroughly examined. The purpose of the present study was to examine the similarities within children's friendships. It was expected that friends would be more similar than nonfriends on aggression, inattention/hyperactivity, depression, and anxiety. Friendship similarities should also differ across grades, with similarity decreasing as grade increases, and across gender, with boys' friendships more similar on depression and anxiety and girls' friendships more similar on aggression and inattention/hyperactivity.

Two hundred thirty-four 4th through 9th grade students completed self-report …

Penyalahgunaan Bahan (Substance Abuse) Di Kalangan Pelajar Di Sebuah Kolej Swasta, Kumar Subramaniam

Student Works (2000-2009)

The main aim of this study is to provide an overall picture of the state and level of substance abuse among students in a private college in Subang Jaya, Selangor. This study also intends to identify the factors that contribute to substance abuse among students. It further seeks to ascertain the influences of gender on substance abuse as well as its influence on academic performance. A sample of 60 students enrolled in the Business Foundation Course, was selected. Data was collected using the Students' Questionnaire and was administered by the researcher in a class room setting. Data was analysed in …

Resilience In Couples With Hearing Impaired Children, Nirmala Devi Naidu R. Rajah

Student Works (2000-2009)

My encounter with a parent who was facing problems in coping with her sensorineural deaf child, prompted me to write about resilience in couples with hearing impaired children. The research questions are: I) Do the couples employ resiliency mechanisms that are effective in dealing with the problem of having a hearing impaired child? 2) What kind of resiliency mechanisms do the couples employ when they encounter the problem of having a hearing impaired child? 3) Does the couples· character indicate that they have the resiliency to deal with stress or adversity together'? The method of this research is conducted using …

The Lived Experience Of People Receiving Assertive Community Treatment: A Phenomenological Study, Salinda A. Horgon

Theses and Dissertations (Comprehensive)

In recent years the Assertive Community Treatment (ACT) model of service delivery, which has held considerable influence in policy and decision making in the mental health field over the past 30 years, has recently been promoted at the provincial policy level in Ontario. Previous studies on ACT have been primarily quantitative in nature and have contributed greatly to the body of knowledge that we now possess regarding the clinical outcomes produced by the ACT model. However, with the Ontario government’s financial plan to significantly increase the number of ACT programs in this province, the mental health field would benefit from …

Emergency Shelters As Empowering Settings For Young Women: A Study Of Process And Outcomes, Theresa Bailey

Theses and Dissertations (Comprehensive)

This study used a participatory approach to examine the process and outcomes for young women who entered an emergency shelter. The purpose of this study was to explore differences and similarities between young women from family of origin and young women with child welfare placement experience when they entered the shelter and then again three months later. Both quantitative and qualitative methods were used. In the quantitative component a series of two factor mixed ANOVA’ s, t-tests, and regressions were conducted on 40 initial interviews and 30 follow-up interviews. The results of these statistical analyses demonstrated that young women from …

Portuguese-Americans And Mental Health Treatment Client-Therapist Ethnic Match, Ethnic Identity, And Satisfaction With Treatment, Katherine B. Gamble

Psychology Theses & Dissertations

Multicultural issues in psychotherapy have increasingly been recognized as important in the provision of mental health services to our diverse population. Issues such as beliefs about mental health, attitudes toward authority, and even world view affect how clients access and make use of psychotherapy. Cultural views are essential to how one sees the world, and consequently there is much debate about whether clients would benefit from having therapists from the same cultural background. Ethnic identity, or the degree to which a person holds to the beliefs of their culture of origin, consequently plays an important role in psychotherapy. The Portuguese …

Increasing Readiness To Change Among Smokers In A Primary Care Setting, Sheila F. Collicott

Psychology Theses & Dissertations

This study compared the effectiveness of two brief interventions, direct advice and motivational interviewing, for increasing motivation to quit among male smokers in the pre-contemplation and contemplation stages of change who were primary care patients at an Eastern urban VA medical center. Contrary to expectations, participants receiving motivational interviews did not increase more in readiness to change, motivation, and actions to quit, than those receiving direct advice or a control conversation, nor did they smoke fewer cigarettes per day. As expected, contemplators reported more cutting down and quit attempts than pre-contemplators. Factors that may have limited the effectiveness of interventions …

Caregivers Locus Of Control For Child Improvement, Timothy B. Smith

Faculty Publications

A potentially important variable that has received little attention in the disabilities literature is the caregiver's locus of control beliefs for child improvement as they relate to treatment compliance and actual child improvement. To evaluate the construct's utility in a practice setting, 131 caregiver-child dyads were assessed twice, twelve months apart. Children were an average of approximately four years old at the first assessment, and all of them had mild to severe developmental disabilities. Aspects of caregiver compliance to treatment were rated, and measures of child development status, family functioning, and caregiver locus of control were administered. Results indicated that …

The Relationship Between Childhood Sexual Abuse And Revictimization In Adulthood Among Uni College Students, Kristine R. Wroblewski

Dissertations and Theses @ UNI

The purpose of this study was to determine if there was a relationship between childhood sexual abuse and adult revictimization. Two hypotheses were examined. It was hypothesized that childhood victims of sexual abuse were more likely to be revictimized as adults. It was also hypothesized that there would be significant differences in demographic and psychosocial correlates between victims of childhood sexual abuse and those who did not report childhood sexual abuse.

The Health and Safety Survey was administered to 589 students at the University of Northern Iowa. There were 398 female respondents and 182 male respondents. The Health and Safety …

The Victimization Of Juvenile Prostitutes In Ethiopia, Kevin Lalor

Articles

This paper quantifies the victimisation experienced by 30 juvenile prostitutes in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Seventy three per cent had been raped at least once and ninety three per cent had been beaten in the course of their work. Only 50% used contraception, resulting in a pregnancy rate of 37%. Findings indicate that prostitution is a highly victimogenic lifestyle, fostered by conditions of extreme deprivation. Policy and practice implications are discussed.

The Effects Of A Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy Intervention On Irrational Beliefs And Burnout Among Middle School Teachers In The State Of Iowa, Shirley Anderson

Dissertations and Theses @ UNI

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of a Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy (REBT) bibliotherapy intervention on the level of burnout and irrational beliefs. This study specifically examined the impact of a REBT bibliotherapy intervention on middle school teachers' irrational beliefs and level of emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and personal accomplishment, using the Maslach Burnout Inventory-Educators Survey (Maslach, Jackson, & Schwab, 1986) and the Irrational Beliefs Test (Jones, 1968).

The subjects in this study consisted of 167 middle school teachers in the State of Iowa. These teachers taught sixth, seventh, or eighth grade or a combination of these …

Gender Differences In Coping Responses For Partners Of Problem Drinkers, Patricia O'Brien

Theses: Doctorates and Masters

This thesis is compiled in two parts. Each part is an independent piece of work intended for separate publication. Consequently each part has separate page numbering. The list part is a literature review with relevant appendices attached. The second part is a research report incorporating the collection and analysis of data. This research report also has its own appendices. A general appendices section at the end of the thesis supplies documentation not included in either the literature review or the study. The literature review is to be submitted to the Clinical Psychology Review and the research report to the Journal …

Psychosocial Adaptation To Spinal Cord Injury: The Role Of Coping Strategies, Hanoch Livneh

Counselor Education Faculty Publications and Presentations

Reviews the literature on the role played by coping efforts in fostering psychosocial adaptation to spinal cord injury. Following an introductory discussion of coping in general, and coping with chronic illnesses and disabilities more specifically, the review focuses on the research literature (1980?1999) regarding coping with spinal cord injuries. The paper continues with a summary of findings based on over 30 empirical studies focusing on coping with this disability. Among the prominent findings are the following: (1) More successful psychosocial adaptation is generally associated with higher levels of ego strength and internal locus of control and (2) better adaptation is …

Disappearing Acts: The State And Violence Against Women In The Twentieth Century, Michelle Fine, Lois Weis

Publications and Research

As children we held our breath, our senses filled with the musty smells of elephants, the staccato flashes of twirling plastic flashlights, the terrors of trapeze. With mystery, moustache, and elegance, the magician waved a wand, invited a woman, usually White, seemingly working class, into a box. She disappeared or was cut in half. Applause. Our early introduction to the notion of the sponsored disappearing act. So, too, at the end of the twentieth century, we witness poor and working-class women shoved into spaces too small for human form, no elegance, no wand. And they too disappear. Disappearing from welfare …

Violence In Schools: Expanding The Dialogue, Stephanie Urso Spina

Publications and Research

Introductory chapter to Smoke and Mirrors: The Hidden Context of Violence in Schools and Society, edited by Stephanie Urso Spina, Ph.D., published by Rowman & Littlefield in 2000 and is, unfortunately, still timely today.

An Investigation Of The Multiple Response To Oppression And Implications For Identity Among Aboriginal Adolescents, Victoria E. Hovane

Theses : Honours

In a history characterized by dispossession and oppression since colonisation, the responses of Aboriginal people to oppression have typically been presented from an ethnocentric perspective of internalization and assimilation. Another body of literature however, suggests alternative responses to non-dominant status such as resistance and adaptation to oppression. This study sought to investigate the ways in which Aboriginal adolescents respond to the negative messages they receive about being Aboriginal and the implications for their developing sense of identity, within a sociopolitical framework. A group of nine participants (five females and four males), aged 14 - 17 years (M = 15.4yrs), were …