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Capitalism And The Value Of Life: Foot-And-Mouth And The Culling Of Herds, Ibpp Editor

International Bulletin of Political Psychology

This article describes some psychological implications of culling as an intervention to help combat the spread of foot-and-mouth disease.

The Talented Mr. Putin: International Judo, Ibpp Editor

International Bulletin of Political Psychology

This article describes the successful foreign policy style of Vladimir Putin, President of Russia.

Psychological Summary Of The Aids Pandemic, Ibpp Editor

International Bulletin of Political Psychology

This article describes many of the psychological aspects related to identifying and responding to the Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) pandemic.

An Investigation Of The Relationship Between The Family Of Origin And Selected Career Development Outcomes, Timothy Dean Dodge

Doctoral Dissertations

The present study was designed to examine, from the perspective of Bowen family systems theory (Papero, 1990) and Williamson's theory of personal authority in the family system (Williamson, 1981, 1982a, 1982b), the impact of family dynamics on the career development of college students and to overcome methodological weaknesses of prior research in this area. Methodologically, the present study overcomes weaknesses of prior research by providing a unifying theory from which measures of family dynamics are derived and by measuring career outcomes which are logically tied to family dynamics. Career outcome measures selected for the study include vocational identity, career decision-making …

The Impact Of Psychological Reactance And Desire For Control On Perceptions Of Common Elements Of Cognitive, Affective, And Behavioral *Change, Morgan Edward Williams

Doctoral Dissertations

The present study was designed to assess the impact of two dispositional variables, psychological reactance and desire for control, on individual perceptions of common elements of psychological change. These common elements represent cognitive, affective, and behavioral aspects of psychological change. The study tested whether individuals with different levels of psychological reactance and desire for control systematically differed in their perception of the importance of elements relevant to psychological change. Participants (N = 420) completed three self-report assessment instruments: (a) the Common Elements of Change Questionnaire, (b) Hong's Psychological Reactance Scale, and (c) the Desirability of Control Scale. As hypothesized, …

Determinants Of Teachers' Intentions To Teach Physically Active Physical Education Classes, Jeffrey J. Martin, Pamela Hodges Kulinna, Robert C. Eklund, Brett Reed

Kinesiology, Health and Sport Studies

The purpose of the present investigation was to examine determinants of teachers' intentions to teach physically active physical education classes (i.e., spend at least 50% of class time with the students engaged in moderate to vigorous physical activity). Based on the theories of reasoned action, planned behavior, and self-efficacy, a model was examined hypothesizing that teachers' intentions were determined by subjective norm, attitude, perceived behavioral control, and self-efficacy. Using hierarchical regression analyses, the theories of reasoned action and planned behavior were supported by accounting for 65% of the variance in intention due to the main effects of attitude and subjective …

Pediatric Impedance Cardiography: Temporal Stability And Intertask Consistency, William H. O'Brien, Jennifer J. Mcgrath

Psychology Faculty Publications

The pathogenic processes responsible for cardiovascular disease have their origins in childhood. Although children's measures of heart rate and blood pressure have been found to be reliable, the reliability of impedance cardiography derived measures have not been evaluated. Thirty-three children, ages 8-11 participated in two sessions. Stressors included serial subtraction, isometric handgrip, and mirror-image tracing. Results indicated the impedance measures showed moderately high temporal stability (average scores r(avg) = 74; difference scores r(avg) = .53) and intertask consistency (average scores r(avg) = .78; difference scores r(avg) = .53). Blood pressure demonstrated the lowest reliability; Heather index, preejection period, and stroke …

African-American Women’S Emotional Responses To Historical Racial Events As A Function Of Socioeconomic Status, Melissa Ruth Stevenson

Dissertations

One hundred African-American women between the ages o f 18 years and 80 years who were born in the United States and for whom English was their primary language were exposed to video taped incidents o f historically accurate racist events from American history. Measures of emotional reactivity including heart rate, blood pressure and measures o f anger and anxiety were taken and the Hollingshead Four Factor Index o f Social Status was used to classify subjects into three socioeconomic levels. The experimental protocol required that subjects be exposed to a period of adaptation followed by a period of exposure …

Promoting Healthy Behavior Change In Skin Cancer Risk Reduction Using The Transtheoretical Stages Of Change Model, Sherry L. Pagoto

Dissertations

Skin cancer is the most commonly diagnosed cancer in the United States with 20% of people developing some form of skin cancer in their lifetime (American Cancer Society, 1999). In spite of the high incidence of skin cancer, it is highly preventable. Approximately 90% of the cases are caused by exposure to ultraviolet radiation from the sun (Skin Cancer Foundation, 1992). The effect of an intervention aimed at reducing skin cancer risk was compared to a survey only control group in 99 Chicago beach-goers. The intervention was based on the Transtheoretical Stages of Change Model (TTM) and included sun sensitivity …

The Influence Of Race On Ethical Decision-Making Regarding Nonsexual Dual Relationships, Beatrice Antly Tatem

Dissertations

Ethical decision-making is a crucial part of the daily practice of psychologists. Psychologists are faced with the challenge of developing ethical decision-making strategies that effectively address the dilemmas associated with dual relationships. Nonsexual dual relationship is defined in this research as a clinical professional relationship that occurs simultaneously with a nonsexual professional and/or personal relationship. Psychologists, regardless of the environment in which they work or the client population with whom they work, can experience a nonsexual dual relationship.

The current study investigated whether ethnographic therapist characteristics influence the interpretation and application of the APA Ethical Guidelines and thus psychologists’ decision-making …

Correlates Of Life Satisfaction After Retirement, Richard A. Tackett

Dissertations

Much of the literature on aging, retirement, and stages of life has focused on men. The changing role from productive members of society to that of being retired can be either viewed as an opportunity to experience new adventures or depressing for those who are unable to move successfully into the next developmental stage of life. This study examined factors that could contribute to life satisfaction in 144 individuals who were over 65 years of age. The factors that were included in this examination are self-esteem, morale, depression, and demographic characteristics (e.g., age, gender, ethnicity, educational level, marital status, income, …

Convergence And Divergence Of Themes In Successful Psychotherapy: An Assimilation Analysis, Lynne M. Knobloch-Fedders, Linda M. Endres, William B. Stiles, George Silberschatz

Psychology Faculty Research and Publications

Theme convergence is the linking of seemingly unrelated problem domains as they advance through assimilation stages-a developmental sequence of cognitive and affective changes through which problematic content is hypothesized to pass during successful psychotherapy. Theme divergence is the contradiction or conflict of solutions to different problems, so that progress in one domain leads to stagnation or regression in another domain. An intensive qualitative method called assimilation analysis was used to examine theme convergence and divergence in a successful psychodynamic psychotherapy with a 20–yr–old female patient. Because specific problems often fail to progress monotonically, even in successful psychotherapy cases, it is …

Drugged: Research And Policymakers Confronting Illicit And Illegal Drugs, Ibpp Editor

International Bulletin of Political Psychology

This article explores the application of research on policies towards illicit and illegal drugs.

Sibling Effects In The Adjustment Of Children Exposed To Domestic Violence, Nicole L. Mccann

Theses and Dissertations

Many studies discuss how the emotional trauma experienced by children of divorcing parents is buffered by the presence of siblings. The present study examines whether there is a similar buffering sibling effect for child witnesses to domestic violence if there is an older sibling present in the household. This study examined the differences between first born children including only children and younger siblings who have witnessed domestic violence. The Trauma Symptom Checklist and the Child Behavior Checklist were administered to 102 children aged 3-11 whose parent received shelter or outreach counseling at a New Jersey battered women's shelter. Demographic information …

An Examination Of Racial Identity And Auitudes, Perceived Cultural Competence, And Level Of Academic Training Of European-American Graduate Studen!S With Culturally Diverse Clients, Justin Kyckelhann Crawford

Doctor of Psychology (PsyD)

No abstract provided.

Poorer European Countries Are Less Concerned About Biotechnology Than Richer Countries, Michael Siegrist

RISK: Health, Safety & Environment (1990-2002)

The author examines the relationship between GNP, media coverage, and public perceptions of the utility, risk, and acceptability of medical and food-related applications of biotechnology.

Over A Decade Of Comparative Risk Analysis: A Review Of The Human Health Rankings, David M. Konisky

RISK: Health, Safety & Environment (1990-2002)

The author reviews a method for undertaking a cross-project comparison of comparative risk analyses to understand which environmental problem areas have been cited most as often posing the severest risks.

Highlights Of The Youth Internet Safety Survey., David Finkelhor, Kimberly J. Mitchell, Janis Wolak

Crimes Against Children Research Center

This fact sheet reports on the findings of the Youth Internet Safety Survey, which collected information about incidents of possible online victimization of youth.

Choosing And Using Child Victimization Questionnaires., Sherry L. Hamby, David Finkelhor

Crimes Against Children Research Center

Youth service professionals are increasingly expected to monitor local child victimization trends and evaluate the effectiveness of prevention and treatment programs. The use of questionnaires to measure victimization can elicit considerable data, but which questionnaires are best suited to address which needs? This Bulletin notes several benefits deriving from the use of standardized questionnaires. Specific guidelines are provided to help the reader determine the type of victimization to be measured, how the questionnaire should be administered, whether the results need to correspond to crime and child protection categories, what period of time is being measured, what the children’s ages are, …

Advertising Appeal And The New Woman, Santosh Dhar, Prashant Mishra, Upinder Dhar

IIMB Management Review

The study of the act reinforces the view clearly reinforces the view that while targetting customers, their psycho-social status as reflected by their employment and marital status, cannot be ignored. Women in today's market cannot be considered as a homogeneous group. Their diversity in terms of psycho-social status must be accepted and taken into consideration while making any segmentation and target decision. The present and previous researches suggest that increasing resources of women and an emerging social shift towards egalitarianism are producing more joint and independent decision-making in product service categories of high perceived risk. The increased importance of feminine …

Working Memory And Disinhibition In Children With Adhd, Nicholas Dietlein

Doctor of Psychology (PsyD)

This research sought to test predictions from Barkley's (1997) theory of disinhibition in Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). To this end, the performance differences among younger and older children with and without ADHD were measured. The testing paradigm used in this study was originally developed by Hale, Bronik, and Fry (1997), who sought to measure the verbal and spatial working memory differences in school age children. In this study, ADHD children performed significantly worse on the tasks than did non-ADHD children, indicating that the working memory of the children with ADHD was more subject to interference. Also, younger children performed …

Perceived Stress, Religious Coping Styles, And Collectivism Of Korean-Americans, Kyung Wha So

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

The present study examined the associations among perceived stress, religious coping styles (Self-Directing, Collaborative, and Deferring), and collectivism in two generations of Korean-Americans. Three scales (Perceived Stress, Collectivism, and Religious Problem Solving) were administered to 145 first and second generation Korean-Americans who were attending Christian worship services, residing in the East and West Coasts of United States. Three hypotheses were tested. First, religious coping styles and collectivism would predict perceived stress levels. Second, Collectivism, Collaborative, and Deferring religious coping would be negatively correlated with the level of perceived stress. Third, the second generation Korean-Americans would have lower collectivism scores, higher …

Intact Physiological Response To Arousal With Impaired Emotional Recognition In Alexithymia, Linda Ann Stone, Kristy A. Nielson

Psychology Faculty Research and Publications

Background: The purpose of the present study was to clarify the relationship between the recognition of emotion and physiological response to emotion (i.e. arousal) in alexithymia. Methods: This study investigated differences in physiological arousal state, as measured by continuous heart rate, electrodermal activity (EDA) and self-reported emotional intensity before and after exposure to an emotionally arousing or neutral videotape among 41 high- or low-alexithymic young adult participants. Results: Across subjects, emotionally negative stimuli produced increased physiological arousal. However, high-alexithymic participants exposed to the arousing videotape did not report increased subjective emotional intensity, as did low-alexithymic participants. In addition, the baseline …

A Study From Uganda: Hiv Causal Attributional Structuring, Negative Affect, And Coping Among People With Hiv/Aids. Part Ii, Ibpp Editor

International Bulletin of Political Psychology

Note: The following is the last section of the article authored by Dr. Peter Kakubeire Baguma, Institute of Psychology, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda. (See the IBPP issue of February 16 for the first section.) Dr. Baguma's work is extremely timely for three reasons. First, AIDS continues as a pandemic, and culturally relevant theory and data continue to be crucial in developing primary, secondary, and tertiary intervention strategies. Second, AIDS continues as a global security issue with implications for economics, politics, governmental stability, and war and peace. The psychology of AIDS bears on this issue and implications. Third, Baguma's efforts …

A Study From Uganda: Hiv Causal Attributional Structuring, Negative Affect, And Coping Among People With Hiv/Aids. Errata., Ibpp Editor

International Bulletin of Political Psychology

Readers should access http://www.pr.erau.edu/~security/baguma-tables.html for the conclusion of this article and twelve data tables.

A Study From Uganda: Hiv Causal Attributional Structuring, Negative Affect, And Coping Among People With Hiv/Aids [Part I], Ibpp Editor

International Bulletin of Political Psychology

Weiner's attribution theory suggests relationships between attributions, emotions, coping, and behavioral consequences (Weiner, 1986, Amirkhan, 1990). Studies supporting the theory are still limited especially in the health area and AIDS in particular.

Cyberpsychology And Virtual Reality: Is An Update Necessary, Ibpp Editor

International Bulletin of Political Psychology

This article explores the notion that something called "human nature" may be changing in an era of significant information technology developments.

Creation Of Paranoia, Part Ii, Ibpp Editor

International Bulletin of Political Psychology

This is the final section of an article that explores parallels between delusions and paranoia suffered by society and by the mentally ill. Motives behind the creation of paranoia are discussed. Focus is given to creation of paranoia toward the Jewish people, because this social pathology has infected most of the world for a greater period of time than any other. Reaction to rejection of ideology is found to be an important motive for creation of paranoia in society. Other manifestations of social paranoia, such as the creation of false memories, are also discussed. (Note 1: The article is written …

Dose-Effect Relations In Simulated Psychotherapy As Measured By The Outcome Questionnaire-45.11, Brian J. Whitehall

Doctor of Psychology (PsyD)

Outcome assessment has been used to evaluate the length of treatment needed and has been disputed for some time. Changes within both mental health and health insurance companies have contributed to a trend toward time-limited therapy and the optimal number of sessions has become a central issue. This study sought to extend research in the area of treatment outcome. Specifically. it examined the efficacy of psychotherapy after five and ten sessions on the subjective well-being of university students. Three hypotheses were tested in th.is study: (1) Subjective Well-Being scores (as measured by the Outcome Questionnaire-45. l l) for the treatment …

Creation Of Paranoia, Part I, Ibpp Editor

International Bulletin of Political Psychology

This article explores parallels between delusions and paranoia suffered by society and by the mentally ill. Motives behind the creation of paranoia are discussed. Focus is given to creation of paranoia toward the Jewish people, because this social pathology has infected most of the world for a greater period of time than any other. Reaction to rejection of ideology is found to be an important motive for creation of paranoia in society. Other manifestations of social paranoia, such as the creation of false memories, are also discussed. (Note 1: The article is written by Dr. Karl Ericson. Dr. Ericson has …