Digital Commons Network^™

Impact Of Microaggressions And Stereotypes On Black Women In A Traditional Vs. Virtual Workplace, Kendall L. Lesure, David R. Earnest

River Cities Industrial and Organizational Psychology Conference

This proposed project aims to examine the impact of microaggressions and stereotypes on Black women in both traditional and virtual workplaces, specifically focusing on how experiences microaggression, and stereotypes affect job satisfaction and organizational contribution. Black women face unique microaggressions, rooted in both racial and gender biases, which hinder their career progression and access to leadership roles. These microaggressions often manifest as being underestimated or unfairly scrutinized, leading to negative consequences such as emotional stress, decreased job satisfaction, and reduced organizational engagement. Microaggressions and stereotypes are prevalent challenges faced by Black women, and they significantly contribute to negative workplace experiences. …

Dark Leaders Unveiled: How Goal Orientation Shapes Perceived Effectiveness, Haley Hultz, Alexander Jackson

River Cities Industrial and Organizational Psychology Conference

Individuals who possess higher levels of subclinical (i.e., non-pathological level) dark personality traits, specifically psychopathy, Machiavellianism, and narcissism, often fill leadership positions (Harms et al., 2011; Diller et al., 2021). Psychopathy refers to the tendency to desire power/control and lack remorse, Machiavellianism refers to the tendency to break the rules and strategically plan for one’s benefit, and narcissism refers to views of superiority and need for adoration (Cesinger et al., 2022). Sadism, finding pleasure in cruelty, has recently appeared as a pertinent addition to the three original dark traits, establishing the Dark Tetrad (Bonfá-Araujo et al., 2022). Certain situations moderate …

Role Overload And Productivity: The Mediating Role Of Effort And Stress, Taylor Flinn, Gargi Sawhney

River Cities Industrial and Organizational Psychology Conference

The goal of this research is to examine whether stress and effort mediate the relationship between role overload (RO) and productivity from a sample of 283 participants recruited from Amazon’s Mechanical Turk. Participants completed the survey items at three time points, with an interval of two weeks between each administration. Participants were employed and worked at least 30 hours per week. On average, participants were 38.36 (SD = 10.72) years old. Approximately 54.06% were male, 45.58% were female, and 0.36% did not specify. Participants were White (79.50%), Asian (12.72%), Black or African American (4.94%), or other (2.84%). We measured stress …

Scaling Dei: Evaluating Change Preparedness In Organizations, Cassidy Zekas, Leah Uteg-Winkelman, Michaela Sutherland, Niasia Jones, Hunter Bass, Jessica Doll, H. Kristl Davison, Tim Huelsman

River Cities Industrial and Organizational Psychology Conference

Many organizations implement Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion (DEI) programs to promote a diverse workforce, reduce bias, and improve organizational culture to foster inclusivity and belonging. However, research shows that the mere presence of DEI programs does not necessarily lead to significant change (Kalev & Dobbin, 2016). Despite the increasing adoption of these programs, their effectiveness remains inconsistent. Moreover, recent trends have shown a backlash against DEI efforts, with over 80 anti-DEI bills introduced in the American legislative system (Lamparksi, 2024) and major companies like Ford Motor, Lowe’s, and Meta scaling back their DEI initiatives (Elias, 2023; Yildirim, 2024). These developments …

Performing On The Glass Stage: Examining Role Congruity's Effect On Firm Performance, Steven Vogel, Kristl Davison, Jessica Doll, Tiberiu Ungureanu

River Cities Industrial and Organizational Psychology Conference

Eagly and Karau’s (2002) Role Congruity Theory is one explanation for women’s lack of representation among the highest levels of industry leadership (Schaefer, 2023). It argues that people hold intrinsic associations between women and communality (e.g. Agreeableness) and men and agency (e.g. Ambition), and disassociation with the other. Likewise, it argues job roles carry trait associations (e.g. Leadership: agentic) and that when the traits assigned to the job and gender mismatch, the result is assumed unfitness. This is applied primarily to individual outcomes in internal decision-making processes (Berkery et al., 2013; Garcia-Retamero & Lopez-Zafra, 2006; Powell et al., 2002). The …

Job Crafting Across Ages: The Role Of Intergenerational Climate And Age-Inclusive Hr Practices, Kalvaince F. Die, Seth W. Jones, Courtney Baker Phd, Rushika De Bruin

River Cities Industrial and Organizational Psychology Conference

As the workforce is currently comprised of five generations of workers across various life stages (SHRM, 2023) increased attention is needed from organizations to aid their employees throughout their lifespan (Hertel & Zacher, 2018). While HR practices directly related to age have been shown to successfully foster age-inclusive work environments (Fan et al., 2023), how these climates and age-inclusive HR practices impact the way different aged workers address their job tasks, and specifically engage in job crafting, has yet to be considered. Therefore, this study considers how age would impact job crafting behaviors, and this relationship would be moderated by …

Not Jumping On The Bandwagon: Older Workers' Perceptions Of Injustice In Ai In Selection Processes, Justin Ruiz, Courtney Baker Phd

River Cities Industrial and Organizational Psychology Conference

Technological advances are revolutionizing the world of work, and their integration into the workplace is on the rise. Artificial intelligence (AI) is a prime example, as 61% of organizations use it within their operations (Oswald & Khaleeli, 2020). However, this new integration into HR processes has led researchers to investigate how AI usage may be perceived by workers, especially when used it is used in the selection processes, and the role this may play in perceptions of procedural justice. Given that AI is often perceived as a “black box”, meaning that it is unclear how it is identifying patterns, this …

Ageism In Hiring: The Influence Of Implicit Cues On Perceptions Of Candidate Warmth, Competence, Suitability, And Trainability, Morgan A. Greene, Courtney L. Baker

River Cities Industrial and Organizational Psychology Conference

Hiring discrimination in the U.S. is an illegal practice for people who are 40 and older (Age Discrimination in Employment Act, 1967). Previous research has shown that not only is discrimination still prevalent (Harris, 2022; Abrams et al., 2016), but as much as 48% of people have experienced some type of ageism (Wilson et al., 2019). Furthermore, 90% of all discriminatory decisions are made before the hiring process even begins, typically during the resume screening process (Harris, 2022). Older age in applicants may signal to recruiters that the candidate has lower technology skills and trainability (VanBorm et al., 2021).The current …

Unlocking Employee Well-Being: The Mediating Effect Of Diversity Climate In An Inclusive Workplace, Ciara Covington, Shahnaz Aziz

River Cities Industrial and Organizational Psychology Conference

Diversity climate pertains to an employee’s perceptions of how well their organization demonstrates support and promotion to diverse employees (Leveson & Joiner, 2009; Tellur, 2023). The conceptualization of diversity climate is rooted in social identity theory (Stets & Burke, 2000) and organizational justice theory (Yean & Yusof, 2015). Social identity theory suggests that identification and membership within the organization impacts an employee’s perception of inclusivity (Mor Barak et al., 2022; Shore & Chung, 2021; Cole et al., 2016). Organizational justice theory highlights the influence of perceived fairness when organizations create and manage inclusive work policies (Griffith et al., 2005). There …

Investigating Job Attitudes Of Justice-Involved Individuals, Audrey Pennington, Sawyer Robinson

River Cities Industrial and Organizational Psychology Conference

The US has one of the highest incarceration rates in the world resulting in one in three Americans having a criminal record (ACLU, 2017). Upon release from prison, securing employment is one of the most important factors to decrease recidivism (Berg & Huebner, 2011; Lundquist et al., 2018). Despite this, 75% of those who were incarcerated are unemployed a year after release. This is due, in part, to stigma and the wide use of background checks during the hiring process (ACLU, 2017). The research literature primarily focuses on effective ways to improve job-readiness for those who are incarcerated, barriers to …

It’S Complicated: The Level Of Risk Assigned To A Missing Person, Time They Were Missing For, And The Tasks Performed By Police Investigators., Karen Shalev, Craig Collie

International Journal of Missing Persons

This study examines the number of tasks police investigators perform by the level of risk assigned to cases and the length of time the investigations take to resolve. It analyses 40,091 solved cases from 2019 using data from eight English police forces, as part of a wider research project of missing person investigations demand on police resources. The findings show that (1) low and high risk with a search area cases have a relationship to the duration of the investigation; (2) there is a relationship between the risk classification and the number of tasks assigned to the case; (3) the …

Supporting & Protecting Repeat Missing Children From Different Residential Environments: A Scoping Review, Kirsty Bennett Dr, Petra Salisbury, Rebecca O'Keefe, Sharon Vincent, Bethany Mccarthy

International Journal of Missing Persons

Repeat missing children pose a significant financial burden onto services, including the police, social services, and health providers. Recognising that 37 to 65 percent of missing child reports each year are repeats, efforts have been made by academics and practitioners to understand this societal problem. Research has identified the risks causing children to go missing and the harms that they experience, but these focus primarily on children missing from residential care only. This PRISMA (2020) scoping review of 76 studies explores strategies implemented to prevent repeat missing episodes, and the role/influence of the home environment (e.g., with parents/guardians, and foster …

Racial Bias In Risk Allocation And Resource Utilisation: A Contributing Factor To Ethnic Minority Overrepresentation In Missing Person Investigations?, Amy Van Langeraad, Fiona Gabbert, Adrian J. Scott

International Journal of Missing Persons

Statistics from the National Crime Agency reveal that people from ethnic minority backgrounds are over-represented within the missing population in the United Kingdom, and previous archival studies have shown there is a discrepancy in the recovery of ethnic minority missing persons compared to White missing persons. A wider body of research shows that racial bias is prevalent in the criminal justice system and law enforcement, resulting in different outcomes for victims depending on their racial background. Such outcomes have yet to be examined in the context of missing persons. Therefore, this study tries to address this gap in the literature …

Studying Silence In Popular Culture, Kathy Merlock Jackson, Terry Lindvall

Dialogue: The Interdisciplinary Journal of Popular Culture and Pedagogy

This article explains the impetus for and execution of a team-taught, interdisciplinary class in silence using popular culture materials and practices, such as silent film, music, meditation, and mime. The course identifies individuals as possessing characteristics of introversion and extraversion and explores the role of silence in the modern world, incorporating the following: (1) Foundations for the Study of Silence, (2) The History of Silence, (3) The Role of Silence in Spirituality, Creativity and Reflection, (4) Silence in Communication Study, (5) Silent Film and Silence in Film, (6) The Role of Silence in a Highly Technological, Mediated World, and (7) …

Four Decades, Three Songs, Too Much Violence: Using Popular Culture Media Analysis To Prepare Preservice Teachers For Dealing With School Violence, Edward Janak, Lisa Pescara-Kovach

Dialogue: The Interdisciplinary Journal of Popular Culture and Pedagogy

Since teacher education has morphed from normal schools into colleges of education, the goals of preparing teachers have expanded. While it is essential to prepare teachers to utilize scientifically proven methods as well as to read and use research in the field, there are ever-expanding other goals that must be met as well. For one example, with the increase of school violence taking place in the United States, it is imperative to include preparation for preservice teachers on how to prevent bullying and how to handle traumatic events, such as school shootings, with their future students. However, broaching such a …

Destructive Plasticity, “Surplus Of Consciousness,” And The “Monster” In True Detective, Courtney Patrick-Weber

Dialogue: The Interdisciplinary Journal of Popular Culture and Pedagogy

The first season of HBO's cult hit True Detective introduced viewers to a southern gothic murder mystery that many will not easily forget. Since many of us focused primarily on the whodunit narrative, we may have missed the narrative of trauma simmering under the surface of the story. This narrative of trauma reveals a deeper layer to the story between Detective Rust Cohle and serial killer Errol Childress, one that also reveals our own fears regarding trauma in our lives. By applying first the nihilist philosophies of Peter Zapffe with Cohle and Catherine Malabou's concept on destructive plasticity in Childress, …

What Makes An Effective Chief Of Pediatric Cardiology: Insights From Chiefs Of North American Pediatric Programs, Michael E. Kim, Wayne Franklin, Anne M. Dubin, Jeffrey J. Kim, Shubhayan Sanatani, R. Krishna Kumar, Shubhika Srivastava, Thomas R. Kimball, Mark Lewin, Joseph Rossano, Colin J. Mcmahon

Department of Medicine Faculty Papers

BACKGROUND: Although the position of a pediatric cardiology chief is often seen as the apex of one's academic career, its roles, responsibilities, and qualifications are not well defined in the literature. This study was done to gain further insight of the role and attributes of a pediatric cardiology chief by surveying those who are currently serving the position across North American centers.

METHODS AND RESULTS: This was a mixed-methods study with a survey given to North American pediatric cardiology chiefs at programs with fellowship training programs. The survey was a semistructured questionnaire that was independently reviewed by 3 cardiologists. Smaller …

On The Role Of Prediction In Streaming Hierarchical Learning, Ramy Mounir

USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations

In today's world, AI systems need to make sense of large amounts of data as it unfolds in real-time, whether it's a video from surveillance and monitoring cameras, streams of egocentric footage, or sequences in other domains such as text or audio. The ability to break these continuous data streams into meaningful events, discover nested structures, and predict what might happen next at different levels of abstraction is crucial for applications ranging from passive surveillance systems to sensory-motor autonomous learning. However, most existing models rely heavily on large, annotated datasets with fixed data distributions and offline epoch-based training, which makes …

Unraveling The Impact Of Cognitive Test Anxiety On Academic Performance Among Adolescents: The Case Of Minority And Majority Communities, Zulfiqar Ullah Siddiqui, Wael M. F. Abuhassan

An-Najah University Journal for Research - B (Humanities)

Background: Within the Indian society and its many communities, adolescents exhibit a wide range of individual differences, including cognitive abilities, learning styles, and personality traits. These differences can influence how students perceive and cope with test anxiety and related stress. Objective: The primary goal of this research study was to investigate the influence of cognitive test anxiety on academic performance in adolescents from both minority (Muslims) and majority (Hindus) communities in India. Method: Based on descriptive-inferential research design, a sample of 450 students was selected, with 223 students representing the majority community and the remaining 227 students representing the minority …

Sleep Quality, Sleep Quantity, And Sleep Timing: Contrasts In Austrian And U.S. College Students, June J. Pilcher, Elizabeth G. Rummel, Claus Lamm

Publications

Objective: The current study compared self-reported sleep in undergraduate students in Austria and the United States.

Methods: The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index responses from 292 Austrian university students (237 females) and 313 U.S. university students (189 females) were analyzed. In addition to the standard scoring procedure for the scale and the individual components of the scale, the data were also evaluated as separate sleep quality and sleep quantity factors using ANOVAs. Sleep timing (bedtime, wake-time, and midpoint) was also examined using independent t-tests.

Results: Austrian students reported better sleep quality and quantity than the U.S. students. In addition, Austrian …

Word Play: A Top-Down Approach To Text Analysis Of Bdsm Practitioners’ Written Language, Phoenix Crane

Psychology and Neuroscience Faculty Publications

Power play, or consensual power changing between “Dominant” and “submissive” role partners, is common practice within BDSM culture. In fact, to many BDSM practitioners, their D/s role is an integral part of their sexual identity and behavior, which informs not only their sexual scripts, but also their non-sexual social interactions. This two-part research study used computerized text analysis to determine whether BDSM practitioners relative to non-practitioners, and among D/s role identities, differed in their language use. Study 1 utilized a sample of 13,374 web-scraped comments from BDSM- and non-BDSM-related subreddits. Study 2 used a recruited sample of 285 self-identified Dominants, …

Mental Fatigue And Self-Care In Informal Oncology Caregivers: A Descriptive Mixed Methods Study, Megan Wayne

MUSC Theses and Dissertations

Purpose:

This dissertation study aimed to enhance understanding of informal caregiver wellbeing by exploring the presence of mental fatigue, the relationships among mental fatigue, self-care, and informal oncology caregiver quality of life (QOL), and determining whether differences exist in self-care engagement and QOL between caregivers who report high and low levels mental fatigue.

Problem:

Healthcare is becoming increasingly reliant on informal caregivers for the management and care of individuals with serious illnesses such as cancer. Previous research has shown that informal caregivers routinely experience many negative effects as a result of providing care including decreased mental health and …

Experimental Evidence Of Instagram Influencers’ Impact On Well-Being, Kimberly Yiting T'Ng, Kai Qin Chan, Andree Hartanto

Research Collection School of Social Sciences

With Instagram influencers holding significant sway over public perception, their presumed psychological impact on young adults has gathered public attention. It has been claimed that influencers, known for showcasing enviable lifestyles, have the potential to affect their followers’ well-being. However, these claims have been based on correlational data that focuses on diffused indicators of social media consumption rather than specific features of Instagram. This limits our insight into the direct effects of Instagram on well-being. We experimentally investigated the effects of a brief exposure to Instagram influencers on the well-being. Our results showed that viewing profiles of demographically similar social …

Unveiling The Relationships Between Household Labor And Maternal Well‐Being, Meghan M. Bennett, Debra L. Oswald, Astrida S. Kaugars

Psychology Faculty Research and Publications

In this study, we investigated whether mothers' engagement in household labor, and perceptions of their own and partner's increased household labor, relate to maternal well-being (burnout and flourishing) and mental health (anxiety and depression). Mothers of children under the age of 18 (N = 213) completed online questionnaires. Mothers' total time spent on household labor was associated with increased odds of having clinically significant levels of anxiety and depression and lower levels of flourishing. Similarly, mothers' perceptions that they had increased their household labor was associated with burnout and increased odds of having clinically significant levels of anxiety. However, …

Perceptions Of Sexism Through A Latine Lens, Erick Herrera Hernandez, Debra L. Oswald

Psychology Faculty Research and Publications

This study aims to compare Latine men and women’s perceptions of hostile and benevolent sexist behaviors, while also examining the associations between these perceptions and Latine cultural values. Participants who identified as Latine (55 men, 57 women; M_age = 32.05, SD = 10.63) were presented with 14 scenarios reflecting hostile and benevolent sexist interactions and were asked to rate their perceptions of these interactions as sexist and caring. The findings suggest that Latine men and women perceive benevolent sexist behaviors as less sexist and more caring than hostile sexist behaviors. Latine women were also more likely than Latine men …

Conceptions Of Latinos And Latinas About The Grieving Process And Associate Concepts Of Dying, Death, Bereavement, And Loss: A Covid-19-Post-Pandemic Case Study, Rosario Garcia Ortiz

Dissertations

The purpose of this study was to recognize the grieving process and the related concepts of Latinos who lost a loved one to the COVID-19 pandemic. Death and dying have been studied in the United States, with limited studies focusing on the Latino culture. The COVID-19 pandemic was a devastating experience for the world and continues to be studied for understanding and lessons in the aftermath. This research included four participants from the Latino culture who lost a loved one during the COVID-19 pandemic. An inductive approach and data analysis were used to form theoretical constructs. Three main categories were …

Use Of Peripheral Nerve Blocks For Total Hip Arthroplasty, Leon Grinman, Brett Elmore, Alberto E Ardon, Adnan Hussain, Mohammed Faysal Malik, Nadia Hernandez, Mackenzie Janice Jacoby

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Purpose of review: The purpose of this review is to summarize the recent literature regarding regional anesthesia (RA) techniques and outcomes for total hip arthroplasty (THA) in the face of changing surgical techniques and perioperative considerations.

Recent findings: Based on large meta-analyses, peripheral nerve blocks are indicated for THA. Each block has its own risks and benefits and data for outcomes for particular techniques are limited. New surgical techniques, improved use of multimodal analgesia, and improved ultrasound guided regional anesthetics lead to better pain control for patients undergoing THA with less associated risks. Block selection continues to be influenced by …

Dispositional Optimism, Sleep, And Trait Affective Mediators: A Latent Variable Approach, Nicole Ruiying Chen, Nadyanna Binte Mohamed Majeed, Adalia Yin Hui Goh, Paye Shin Koh, Jonathan Louis Jie Sheng Chia, Andree Hartanto

Research Collection School of Social Sciences

Dispositional optimism has been shown to be associated with better sleep. However, most existing studies rely on subjective assessments of sleep, which may not align with objective assessments of sleep. Additionally, research investigating the mechanisms underlying the association between optimism and sleep is lacking. Moreover, the confounding role of possible content overlap in measures relevant to the constructs of interest has been neglected. To address these gaps, we utilised latent variable analysis and investigated the mediating role of depression and trait anxiety across two large-scale studies (total N = 2312), with objective sleep measures included in Study 2. In Study …

Cultural Contexts Differentially Shape Parents’ Loneliness And Wellbeing During The Empty Nest Period, Andree Hartanto, Lester Wei Xiang Sim, Davelle Jing Yi Lee, Naydanna M. Majeed, Jose C. Yong

Research Collection School of Social Sciences

The coming decades will see a substantial increase in the population of older adults, accompanied by significant demographic and family structure changes worldwide. As a result, the empty nest period—the postparental phase in parents’ lives when their children have left home and they are no longer engaged in childrearing—is becoming an increasingly common experience in Western and Asian cultures. The current theoretical review examines the psychological consequences of the empty nest period on loneliness and well-being across cultures, emphasizing the impact of cultural factors on these experiences. By synthesizing research from Western and Asian contexts, we explore two primary theoretical …

Exploring The Associations Between Perceived Parent Communication And Involvement, Community Violence Exposure During Adolescence, And Subsequent Risk For Alcohol Use Disorder In Young Adulthood, Alexandra Toscova Tonigan

Individual, Family, and Community Education ETDs

This dissertation explores the dynamics between parenting practices, family structure, community violence exposure, and adolescent development through three interrelated studies. Collectively, these papers address how family environments shape adolescent experiences and outcomes, including alcohol use disorder (AUD). Using data from the Add Health study, this dissertation offers insights for researchers and clinicians supporting youth in vulnerable contexts. Chapter 1 examines the influence of average perceived communication and involvement, as well as differences in these behaviors between parents, on adolescent community violence exposure. This study critiques the conventional focus on averages, emphasizing the impact of discordant parenting. Chapter 2 investigates how …