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Tune In And Help Out?: Empathy, Modeling, Dependency, Perspective Taking, And Television And Their Relationship To Altruism In Children., William Edward Van Ornum

Master's Theses

No abstract provided.

Tune In And Help Out?: Empathy, Modeling, Dependency, Perspective Taking, And Television And Their Relationship To Altruism In Children., William Edward Van Ornum

Master's Theses

No abstract provided.

Early Social Isolation And Subsequent Self-Punitive Behavior, Timothy Scott Strongin

Psychology ETDs

Sixty-six albino rats obtained from Simonson Laboratories were weaned at 21 days and randomly assigned, using a split litter technique, to groups of 1 (isolation) or 5 (control) where they were housed for 62 days. At the end of the rearing period, subjects were individually housed and given one five-minute habituation trial daily, for 6 days, to a standard plexiglass alleyway. On the seventh day, a standard, one-way instrumental avoidance paradigm using .6 ma shock was instituted. After achieving an acquisition criterion of 8/10 successive, successful shock avoidances, subjects were exposed to Brown's vicious circle paradigm using 0, .4, .6, …

Proximity Of Reinforcement & The Protestant Ethic Effect, Sharon Miller

Masters Theses & Specialist Projects

Twelve food-deprived male rats were trained to barpress for food pellets in one of three operant chambers. The chambers were of standard size, double in length, or triple in length. After training, cod cup full of pellets was placed in the corner opposite the operant bar, and the eating behavior of the rats in this choice situation was observed. The dependent measure was the percentage of the total amount of food consumed that had been obtained by barpressing. Individual comparisons between the mean percentage of food earned over the four test sessions revealed that those rats in the longest chamber …

Some Effects Of Variable Duration Conditioned Stimuli In A Conditioned Suppression Procedure, Harvey E. Jacobs

Masters Theses

No abstract provided.

Conditioned Reinforcement: An Attempt To Use Zimmerman Technique With Children, Priscila R. Derdyk

Masters Theses

No abstract provided.

The Effect Of Withdrawal From The Negative Cue On Learning A Simultaneous Discrimination, Carl Merle Johnson

Masters Theses

Three groups of rats learned a black-white discrimination in a Grice box. All subjects were reinforced with food pellets for correct choices. No-Retrace subjects were confined in the negative goal box after errors. Retrace subjects were allowed to withdraw after errors from the negative goal box to the choice point or start box. Take-Out subjects were manually removed from the goal box during errors immediately after inspecting the empty food dish. All subjects were trained to a criterion and then reversal training was instituted. Retrace subjects learned the original discrimination significantly slower than either No-Retrace or Take-Out subjects, which did …

A Behavioral Systems Analysis Of Job Performance In A Food Co-Operative, Harry M. Kent

Dissertations

No abstract provided.

The Cardiovascular Effects Of Human Contact With Coronary Artery Disease Patients In The Coronary Care Unit, Margaret A. Palmour

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

Ten coronary artery disease patients were selected using purposive method of sampling and observed for six hours. It was postulated that 1) Human contact with coronary artery disease patients in the coronary intensive care unit would be associated with significant (p = 0.05) changes in the electrocardiogram such as: (a) increased heart rate more than 10 per cent, (b) changed atrio-ventricular conduction more than 10 per cent, (c) changed ST segment one millimeter or more and (d) increased frequency of ectopic beats more than 10 per cent. 2) The degree of stress and cardiac response was related to a number …

Effectiveness Of Three Differential Reinforcement Techniques As A Function Of Past Reinforcement History And Present Schedule Of Reinforcement, La Rue Chappell

Student Work

The effectiveness of three differential reinforcement techniques, extinction of the old response with reinforcement for the new response versus extinction of the old response with double reinforcement for the new response versus continuation of reinforcement for the old response with double reinforcement for the new response, in reducing lever-pressing behavior, was studied, as a function of past reinforcement history and present schedule of reinforcement. Thirty children, with a mean age of 5 years 10 months, were reinforced for tapping the assigned key on either a differential reinforcement of low rates (drl 10"') or a differential reinforcement of high rates (VR …

Deviations From Matching As A Measure Of Preference For Alternatives In Pigeons, Sam M. Leigland

Psychology ETDs

A growing body of literature indicates that animals and children tend to prefer situations which provide for a greater number of choice alternatives. In the present work, the problem was approached through the investigation of preference for larger or smaller response classes in a free-operant choice procedure. The method of assessing preference in the choice situation was afforded through the well-documented matching law of concurrent reinforcement schedules, which generally states that the ratio of responses or time allocated to each of two independent and concurrently-available schedules will equal the ratio of the reinforcements obtained on those schedules. A systematic and …

The Effects Of Sucrose Concentration On Punishment Produced Suppression Of Licking Behavior In Rats, Okechukwu Igboanumma S. Ozuzu

Masters Theses

No abstract provided.

Development And Application Of Computer Assisted Instruction For Mini-Computers, Thomas A. Burne

Masters Theses

No abstract provided.

Response Variability As A Function Of Stimulus Change, Margaret E. Peterson

Masters Theses

No abstract provided.

Variable Versus Fixed Immediacies Of Reinforcement For Responding And Non-Responding, Kenneth Ray Stephens

Masters Theses

No abstract provided.

Cardiac Change To An Auditory Signal And Exploratory Behavior In Normal And Developmentally Delayed Infants, Sharon Bradley Johnson

Dissertations

No abstract provided.

Age As A Variable Affecting The Protestant Ethic Effect, Roger Laird

Masters Theses & Specialist Projects

Fourteen female rats divided into three age groups of 110, 160 and 240 days old were compared for amount of barpressing in the Protestant Ethic Effect choice situation. All subjects were maintained on a 23 hour water deprivation schedule and trained to barpress for a 10% sucrose solution. Training consisted of one 12 hour massed practice session then 15 daily training sessions followed by 5 days of testing. During testing the rats were placed in the center of the cage and allowed to obtain the reinforcer from either the drinking tube attached to the barpress mechanism or from an identical …

Least Biased Psychological Assessment Of Non-Verbal Severle Physically Handicapped Persons, Gloria Maitlen Kemper

Graduate Thesis Collection

The general social problem which this study addresses is the inaccessibility of accurate psychological assessment to some expressively communicatively handicapped members of our society.

Assessment Of Long Term Deficits Produced By Early Total Social Isolation, Robert George Frank

Psychology ETDs

The long term effects of early total social isolation in rhesus monkeys have been assumed to be static. This assumption, that young isolates' behavior does not differ from older, fully mature isolates' behavior, may not be valid in view of behavioral changes which have been shown to occur as monkeys age. The present research examined the effects of early, total social isolation in fully mature monkeys.

Two groups were formed and allowed to live together for 14 weeks in an indoor-outdoor facility. The first group was composed of 7 controls reared for the first 9 months of life with peer …

Attitudes Of Psychiatric Nurses And Aides At An Oregon State Hospital Toward Homosexuality, Don Andersen

Dissertations and Theses

Homosexuality is something which has been a part of almost every society throughout history. In western society this has been a subject of secrecy and taboo. Throughout our history homosexuals have been persecuted and forced to hide their sexual identity. The effects of this on an individual should be something of concern to professionals in the mental health field.

While in the past there has been little knowledge of homosexuality, and no self-expression on the part of homosexuals, there has, in recent years, been growing information and expression. The effect of this change on mental health workers is what this …

The Assessment Of Competence In Elderly Geriatric Subjects, Bernard Schut

Masters Theses & Specialist Projects

The purpose of the present research was two-fold- (1) to investigate competence, using the Protestant Ethic Effect (PEE) paradigm, in institutionalized, elderly subjects and (2) to determine the viability of an alternative task such as problem solving to motor tasks in the PEE situation. Two groups of patients, who differed in functioning level, performed a cognitive and a motor task in a situation with four response/reinforcement alternatives. Three dependent variables were used to evaluate subject's performance Analysis of tokens obtained in experimental situations indicated tow functioning patients, carrying out the cognitive task, preferred position-, where tokens were available without responding, …

The Effects Of Systematic Relaxation On The Number Of Times Pain Medication Was Administered To Immobilized Traction Patients, Brenda Carol Armstrong

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

[Abstract Not Included]

The Effects Of Litter Size On Behavioral Development And Adult Emotinoality In The Rat, Elizabeth N. Pully

Master's Theses

The effects of the early experience variable of litter size is examined at two developmental time periods (infancy and adulthood) in the rat. The study departs from the majority of the early experience experimentation in its use of a naturally occurring independent variable in place of the typical handling and shocking procedures. Large (n = 9), medium (n = 5), small litters (n = 3) were developed by pooling rat pups at birth and then distributing them to randomly selected, lactating females. Observations of behaviors (including maternal grooming) during the preweaning stage of development disclosed substantial differences in response activity …

Healing Within The Magic Circle, Anne Adamcewicz

Theses

Not available

Gender Constancy In 3 To 6 Year Old Children: A Methodological Analysis, Rhoda Andrews

Student Work

Previous research on gender constancy with 3- to 6-year old children has produced conflicting findings regarding the age at which children are gender constant. Slaby and Frey (1075), and Thompson and Bentler (1973) indicate the presence of gender constancy at age 4, while DeVries (1969) has found that gender constancy is not present until age 6. The aim of this study was to compare the three gender constancy measures using the same population of children. The subjects were 63 white, middle-class 3- to 6-year old children whose IQ's were 100 or greater. The data analyses generally supported' previous findings for …

The Disruption Of State-Dependency By An Emotionally Important Conditioned Stimulus Paired With Food Reward And Food Seeking Responses, Darcy L. Parks

Electronic Theses & Dissertations

The Purpose was to determine if a 1KHZ tone, could disrupt state dependency in a T-meme when the tone was Paired with feeding and good seeking response on training trials and later presented on testing trials while subjects were in the drug(T) state opposite of the training state. The 64, 80 day old, male hooded rats were trained to an 18/20 criterion while either in D state, produced by 45 mg/kg interparitonal injections of chlordiazepoxide hydro chloride (Librium) or, the non drug(WD) state, produced by sterile water. Beginning with the opposite of the training D state, D and WD states …

Transfer Of Stimulus Control By Temporal Fading, David Allan Steele

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The present study was designed to analyze the transfer of stimulus control in temporal fading procedures. Several aspects of temporal fading procedures were manipulated including sources of inhibitory stimulus control, delays of reinforcement, and rates of increase in the temporal parameter of a fading procedure. In Experiment I, previous research producing transfer of stimulus control in a temporal fading procedure was directly replicated and controls were implemented for the operation of inhibition. The results showed that inhibitory stimulus control is not necessary in order to produce a transfer as participants with neutral stimulus backgrounds also transferred from one dimension to …

Learned Helplessness Through Observation: Failure To Escape Traumatic Shock As A Result Of Observing A Helpless Situation, Donald Jary

Masters Theses & Specialist Projects

Twenty naïve male and female hooded rats were randomly divided into four groups of five subjects each. The Observe Helpless group was allowed to observe Helpless subjects receive signaled, inescapable electric shock, after which they were tested for effective escape response acquisition. Subjects in the Observe Naïve group were allowed to observe Naïve subjects being given escape-avoidance training using signaled presentations of electric shock, after which the Observe Helpless group was given similar escape-avoidance training. Results indicate that there were significant differences in the acquisition of effective escape responses between the Observe Helpless group and the other two groups. Possible …

The Effects Of Prolonged Alcohol Ingestion During Gestation & Lactation On The Learning Ability Of The Offspring Of Rats, Deanna Lanier

Masters Theses & Specialist Projects

The present study evaluated the effect of ethanol administration during prenatal and pre-weaning development on the maze learning (i.e., as assessed by performance on a pretrial and a Lashley III Maze) abilities of rat pups. The subjects consisted of 32 rat pups who were cross-fostered within and between the two dam conditions (i.e., alcohol and control) to produce the four groups: pups exposed to alcoholic mothers (1) during gestation and lactation; (2) gestation only; (3) lactation only; and (4) control pups from non-alcoholic mothers. A factorial split-ploy design was employed.

Results indicated a significant main effect of the gestation condition …

Generalization Of Question-Asking From A Training Situation To A Child's Natural Environment, Joan J. Andress

Masters Theses

No abstract provided.