Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®

Digital Commons Network™

Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®

Psychiatry and Psychology

Institution
Keyword
Publication Year
Publication
Publication Type
File Type

Articles 7771 - 7800 of 9469

Full-Text Articles in Entire DC Network

Eye Movement, Rem Sleep And Adhd: An Examination Of Eye Movement Patterns During Rem Sleep In Adhd Populations, Elin Marie Grissom Dec 2008

Eye Movement, Rem Sleep And Adhd: An Examination Of Eye Movement Patterns During Rem Sleep In Adhd Populations, Elin Marie Grissom

All-Inclusive List of Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The current study investigates differences in patterns of eye movement and sleep architecture during REM stage sleep in children with a diagnosis of ADHD, compared to those without the diagnosis. Existing studies have found differences in eye movement patterns during waking hours in these two groups (Munoz, Armstrong, Hampton, & Moore, 2003; O'Laughlin, Brubaker, Gay, Deans, & Aaron, 2006) as well as differences in patterns of REM sleep. The current study will focus on the fine structure of eye movement in REM in children with and without ADHD. Using pediatric polysomnographic recordings, the frequency, density, strength, and inferred direction of …

Go to article

Predictors Of Depressive Symptoms And Obesity In African American Women Transitioning From Welfare To Work, Mayola Rowser Dec 2008

Predictors Of Depressive Symptoms And Obesity In African American Women Transitioning From Welfare To Work, Mayola Rowser

Theses and Dissertations (ETD)

Depression and obesity are significant public health problems that adversely affect the health and quality of life of women in the United States, particularly female African American welfare recipients transitioning to work. African American women are twice as likely to experience depressive symptoms as women of other races. Fifty percent of African American women are obese. The prevalence of depression and depressive symptoms and obesity is higher among African American women who receive welfare benefits. These health conditions jeopardize their health status, ability to work, and chances to become self-sufficient. To ensure the successful transition of recipients to work, health …

Go to article

Comparing Sexual-Minority And Heterosexual Young Women’S Friends And Parents As Sources Of Support For Sexual Issues, Elizabeth M. Morgan, Carly K. Friedman Nov 2008

Comparing Sexual-Minority And Heterosexual Young Women’S Friends And Parents As Sources Of Support For Sexual Issues, Elizabeth M. Morgan, Carly K. Friedman

Psychological Sciences Faculty Publications and Presentations

The present study provides a comparative analysis of sexual-minority and heterosexual emerging adult women’s experiences seeking support for sexual issues from parents and friends. Participants included 229 college women (88 sexual-minority women; 141 heterosexual women), ranging in age from 18 to 25 years of age, who provided written responses to an inquiry about a time they went to friends and parents for support for a issue related to their sexuality. Responses indicated that the majority of participants had sought support from either a parent or a friend and that mothers and female friends were more likely involved that fathers or …

Go to article

Cannabis & Psychosis: The Interface Emerging Frontiers For Research, Amresh Shrivastava Oct 2008

Cannabis & Psychosis: The Interface Emerging Frontiers For Research, Amresh Shrivastava

Psychiatry Presentations

INTRODUCTION: CANNABIS CONTINUES TO AFFECT MENTAL HEALTH. ITS ABUSE IS ON RISE GLOBALLY. IN CANADA A RISE BY 30% IN LAST TEN YEARS HAS BEEN OBSERVED IN HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS. INTERRELATIONSHIP OF CANNABIS WITH PSYCHOSIS AND SCHIZOPHRENIA IS A COMPLEX ONE. CANNABIS IS HIGHLY COMORBID WITH PSYCHOSIS, & RELATED TO FUNCTIONAL DISABILITY AND OUTCOME. IT POSES SEVERAL CHALLENGES IN UNDERSTANDING CAUSAL RELATIONSHIP FOR COMORBIDITY, UNDERLYING NEUROCHEMICAL BASIS AND SPECIFICS OF SERVICE DEVELOPMENT. PREVALENCE OF CANNABIS VARIES FROM 20 TO 50% EARLY PSYCHOSIS. OBJECTIVE OF THIS PAPER IS TO REVIEW AVAILABLE LITERATURE TO IDENTIFY CHALLENGES FOR NEWER TARGETS OF RESEARCH AND …

Go to article

Interface Of Cannabis And Early Psychosis--Priorities In Research And Service Development, Amresh Srivastava Oct 2008

Interface Of Cannabis And Early Psychosis--Priorities In Research And Service Development, Amresh Srivastava

Psychiatry Presentations

Introduction: cannabis continues to affect mental health. Its abuse is on rise globally. In Canada a rise by 30% in last ten years has been observed in high school students. Interrelationship of cannabis with psychosis and schizophrenia is a complex one. Cannabis is highly comorbid with psychosis, & related to functional disability and outcome. It poses several challenges in understanding causal relationship for comorbidity, underlying neurochemical basis and specifics of service development. Prevalence of Cannabis varies from 20 to 50% early psychosis. Objective of this paper is to review available literature to identify challenges for newer targets of research and …

Go to article

Differential Characteristics Of “Good Outcome Schizophrenia” In A Long-Term Ten Years Study, Mumbai, India, Amresh Srivastava, Meghan Thakar, Nilesh Shah, Larry Stitt Sep 2008

Differential Characteristics Of “Good Outcome Schizophrenia” In A Long-Term Ten Years Study, Mumbai, India, Amresh Srivastava, Meghan Thakar, Nilesh Shah, Larry Stitt

Psychiatry Presentations

No abstract provided.

Go to article

Coping With Clinical Challenges Of Risk Assessment: Towards A New Comprehensive Instrument, Amresh Srivastava, Charles Nelson Sep 2008

Coping With Clinical Challenges Of Risk Assessment: Towards A New Comprehensive Instrument, Amresh Srivastava, Charles Nelson

Psychiatry Presentations

No abstract provided.

Go to article

Coping With Clinical Challenges Of Risk-Assessment, Amresh Srivastava Sep 2008

Coping With Clinical Challenges Of Risk-Assessment, Amresh Srivastava

Psychiatry Presentations

No abstract provided.

Go to article

Prevalence Of Mental Health Issues In The Borderlands: A Comparative Perspective, Kathleen A. O'Connor, Robert L. Anders, Hector Balcazar, Jorge Ibarra, Eduardo Perez, Luis Flores, Melchor Ortiz, Nathaniel H. Bean Sep 2008

Prevalence Of Mental Health Issues In The Borderlands: A Comparative Perspective, Kathleen A. O'Connor, Robert L. Anders, Hector Balcazar, Jorge Ibarra, Eduardo Perez, Luis Flores, Melchor Ortiz, Nathaniel H. Bean

Departmental Papers (S&A)

The purpose of this paper is to (a) examine the results of a binational study of two colonias near El Paso, Texas, and Ciudad Juarez, Mexico, focusing on mental health and (b) analyze those results in relation to the existing literature on Hispanic mental health to determine how border regions compare with Hispanic enclaves in nonborder regions. We focus on gender, birthplace, length of residency, and level of acculturation correlated with self-reported diagnoses of depression in our analysis. Our survey instrument incorporates portions of the Behavioral Risk Factor and Surveillance Survey; the SF36, version 2; and the CAGE scale for …

Go to article

Outcome In Schizophrenia: The Long-Term Good Outcome In Schizophrenia Is Not Yet Good Enough, Amresh Srivastava, Meghan Thakar Sep 2008

Outcome In Schizophrenia: The Long-Term Good Outcome In Schizophrenia Is Not Yet Good Enough, Amresh Srivastava, Meghan Thakar

Psychiatry Presentations

The illness of schizophrenia has always been a matter of concern for its nature and extent of outcome particularly for its regional and cultural differences. The concept of outcome has been evolving and this study examines the scenario of good outcome in developing countries.

Go to article

Outcome In Schizophrenia: How Good Is "Good Outcome" Schizophrenia In Long-Term In Developing Countries, Amresh Srivastava, Meghan Thakar, Nilesh Shah, Larry Stitt Sep 2008

Outcome In Schizophrenia: How Good Is "Good Outcome" Schizophrenia In Long-Term In Developing Countries, Amresh Srivastava, Meghan Thakar, Nilesh Shah, Larry Stitt

Psychiatry Presentations

No abstract provided.

Go to article

Complexity And Limitations Of Stress-Endocrine Research In Mental Health, Amresh Srivastava Sep 2008

Complexity And Limitations Of Stress-Endocrine Research In Mental Health, Amresh Srivastava

Psychiatry Presentations

No abstract provided.

Go to article

Study Of Executive Functioning Training In Adolescents Diagnosed With Autism, Jessica Postil Sep 2008

Study Of Executive Functioning Training In Adolescents Diagnosed With Autism, Jessica Postil

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

This study investigated the effectiveness of a manualized executive functioning training program used with adolescents diagnosed with autism. Three male adolescents were trained on executive function activities using a combination of Applied Behavioral Analysis and executive functioning activities. Training programs were administered individually, lasting for 2 hours per day for 20 days. Participants were tested 1 month before training, 1 week before treatment, immediately after training and at a one-month follow-up. Significant improvements were seen in performance on executive functioning tasks that required motor speed, verbal fluency, monitoring, predicting, planning and organization skills. Significant changes in the participant’s adaptive behavior …

Go to article

Healing Young People Thru Empowerment (H.Y.P.E.): A Hip-Hop Therapy Program For Black Adolescent Males, Adia B. Mcclellan Sep 2008

Healing Young People Thru Empowerment (H.Y.P.E.): A Hip-Hop Therapy Program For Black Adolescent Males, Adia B. Mcclellan

Browse all Theses and Dissertations

Treating Black adolescent males with disruptive behavior disorders can be challenging for psychologists and other mental health professionals The negative perception of this group within society, as well as the absence of clinical training exploring issues pertinent to Black adolescent males, among other things, may hinder a professional’s ability to effectively work with this population. This doctoral project discussed the research in several areas currently pertinent to Black adolescent males, as well as factors that have historically been oppressive to Black Americans. It then describes several DSM-IV-TR diagnoses and legal classifications associated with Disruptive Behavior Disorders. In addition, research analyzing …

Go to article

The Effectiveness Of Treatment In An Inpatient And Outpatient Psychiatric Facility, Timothy Quan Tran Sep 2008

The Effectiveness Of Treatment In An Inpatient And Outpatient Psychiatric Facility, Timothy Quan Tran

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

The present study is aimed at examining treatment outcome in a large psychiatric facility that provides both inpatient and outpatient services to a broad range of patients. Not only will patient outcomes be assessed at a facility-wide level, but patient outcomes on the various units/programs in the facility will also be assessed and compared. It is expected that, facility wide, patients will show significant improvement on the outcome measure from admission to discharge, but that patient outcomes will differ across the various units/programs in the facility. In sum, the results of the paired-sample t-test and effect size obtained in this …

Go to article

Punishing My Parents: Juveniles’ Perspectives On Parental Responsibility, Eve M. Brank, Jodi Lane Sep 2008

Punishing My Parents: Juveniles’ Perspectives On Parental Responsibility, Eve M. Brank, Jodi Lane

Department of Psychology: Faculty Publications

Interviews of 147 juveniles in postadjudication residential facilities revealed that the juveniles generally did not believe their parents were responsible for the illegal activities of the juvenile. A vast majority of juveniles said that their parents were not responsible at all and also said that if they had known that their parents would also be punished for their crimes, they would have been less likely to commit the crimes. No patterns emerged for these questions based on the demographic or social characteristics of the juveniles. Implications of the juveniles’ perspective are considered, focusing particularly on the juveniles’ lack of willingness …

Go to article

Hugo Who? G. F. Arnold’S Alternative Early Approach To Psychology And Law, Brian H. Bornstein, Steven D. Penrod Aug 2008

Hugo Who? G. F. Arnold’S Alternative Early Approach To Psychology And Law, Brian H. Bornstein, Steven D. Penrod

Department of Psychology: Faculty Publications

Hugo Münsterberg is widely regarded as the founder of the discipline of psychology and law, and the publication of his book On the Witness Stand (1908) is considered the signal event in its founding. However, numerous other researchers were conducting and publishing research on psycholegal topics in the late 1800s and early 1900s, and at least one other book on psychology and law— G. F. Arnold’s Psychology Applied to Legal Evidence and Other Constructions of Law (1906)—appeared prior to the publication of Münsterberg’s work. The present paper contrasts these two seminal publications, focusing on their relevance to the “basic-versus-applied” debate …

Go to article

The Economic And Social Burden Of Compulsive Hoarding, David F. Tolin, Randy O. Frost, Gail Steketee, Krista D. Gray, Kristin E. Fitch Aug 2008

The Economic And Social Burden Of Compulsive Hoarding, David F. Tolin, Randy O. Frost, Gail Steketee, Krista D. Gray, Kristin E. Fitch

Psychology: Faculty Publications

The aim of the present study was to determine the economic and social burden of compulsive hoarding in a large sample of individuals with self-identified hoarding, as well as a separate sample of family members of individuals who hoard. Self-identified hoarding participants (N = 864, 94% female, 65% met research criteria for clinically relevant compulsive hoarding) and family informants (N = 655, 58% described a relative who appeared to meet research criteria for compulsive hoarding), completed an internet survey. Questions were derived in part from those used in the National Comorbidity Survey (NCS), and when possible, hoarding participants were compared …

Go to article

An Epidemiological Study Of Maternal Depression: Findings From The National Institute Of Child Health And Human Development Study Of Early Child Care And Youth Development., Liang Wang Aug 2008

An Epidemiological Study Of Maternal Depression: Findings From The National Institute Of Child Health And Human Development Study Of Early Child Care And Youth Development., Liang Wang

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

This study examined maternal depression status from month 1 to 36 after birth using data from the NICHD Study of Early Child Care and Youth Development. Maternal depression was assessed with the Center of Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale. The prevalence of maternal depression was highest at 1 month, decreased at 6 months, and then kept fairly stable to 36 months. The prevalence was higher in blacks than other races, in 18-24 than 25-46 years old, and in single mothers than non-single mothers. Mothers with better physical health, social support, or employed had a lower prevalence than their counterparts. Mothers in …

Go to article

Disordered Eating In Undergraduates: Does Gender Role Orientation Influence Men And Women The Same Way?, Mary Pritchard Aug 2008

Disordered Eating In Undergraduates: Does Gender Role Orientation Influence Men And Women The Same Way?, Mary Pritchard

Psychological Sciences Faculty Publications and Presentations

Previous studies have examined the influence of femininity on disordered eating behavior in female undergraduates, but few studies have examined the relation between gender roles and disordered eating in male undergraduates. The present study examined whether gender roles relate to disordered eating behaviors the same way in male and female undergraduates. 512 undergraduates (58% female) at a large university in the Pacific West region of the United States responded to a survey asking about eating behaviors and gender role orientation. Women displayed higher levels of disordered eating than did men. Undifferentiated and masculine women had higher levels of disordered eating …

Go to article

Distinguishing Civil And Criminal Institutional Deprivations Of Liberty: An Analysis Of Expressive Functions, Marc W. Pearce Jul 2008

Distinguishing Civil And Criminal Institutional Deprivations Of Liberty: An Analysis Of Expressive Functions, Marc W. Pearce

Department of Psychology: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research

A basic function of the criminal justice system is to impose legal punishment through deprivations of liberty. Because deprivations of liberty that flow from civil institutions are not punitive, the distinction between civil and criminal institutional deprivations of liberty arguably hinges on the concept of punishment. Punishment, in turn, may be distinguished from non-punitive sanctions based on its unique expressive function; that is, punishment is defined in part by the special feelings of resentment and judgments of disapproval that it expresses. These feelings and judgments have been labeled “condemnation.” This dissertation explores whether condemnation can be translated into an empirical …

Go to article

Temperament, Parenting, And Prosocial Behaviors: Applying A New Interactive Theory Of Prosocial Development, Meredith Mcginley Jul 2008

Temperament, Parenting, And Prosocial Behaviors: Applying A New Interactive Theory Of Prosocial Development, Meredith Mcginley

Department of Psychology: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research

The primary purpose of the current study was to examine whether theoretically based interactions between dimensions of children’s temperament and maternal socialization predicted children’s and early adolescents’ prosocial (i.e, helping) behaviors. A new theory was derived by examining how an existing interactive model of early moral development, Kochanska’s (1993) theory of early conscience internalization, would apply to the prediction of prosocial behaviors. Aspects of child temperament and maternal socialization were thought to operate in a different manner from Kochanska’s theory. Unlike early conscience internalization, fearful temperament and parental punishment do not appear to promote prosocial behavior. Moreover, it was thought …

Go to article

Anxiety And Emotion Dysregulation In Daily Life: An Experience-Sampling Comparison Of Social Phobia And Generalized Anxiety Disorder Analogue Groups, Nathan Alan Miller Jul 2008

Anxiety And Emotion Dysregulation In Daily Life: An Experience-Sampling Comparison Of Social Phobia And Generalized Anxiety Disorder Analogue Groups, Nathan Alan Miller

Department of Psychology: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research

Recent research suggests the presence of both common and disorder-specific emotion regulation deficits across the anxiety disorders (Turk et al., 2005), including those that may be uniquely characteristic of social phobia (SP; Kashdan & Breen, 2008; Kashdan & Steger, 2006; Turk et al., 2005). The purpose of the present study was to replicate and expand upon this growing literature in important directions. The initial portion of this study involved administration of relevant self-report symptom, emotion, and emotion regulation survey measures to a large undergraduate sample (N = 784). Scores on several symptom measures were used to create a SP analogue …

Go to article

Relations Among Gender, Violence Exposure, And Mental Health: The National Survey Of Adolescents, Rochelle F. Hanson, Cameo Borntrager, Shannon Self-Brown, Dean G. Kilpatrick, Benjamin E. Saunders, Heidi S. Resnick, Ananda Amstadter Jul 2008

Relations Among Gender, Violence Exposure, And Mental Health: The National Survey Of Adolescents, Rochelle F. Hanson, Cameo Borntrager, Shannon Self-Brown, Dean G. Kilpatrick, Benjamin E. Saunders, Heidi S. Resnick, Ananda Amstadter

Psychology Faculty Publications

Using a nationally representative sample of 4,008 adolescents, this study examines gender differences in violence exposure, major depressive episode (MDE) and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and characteristics of violence incidents. It was hypothesized that there would be gender differences in the types of violence exposure reported as well as the prevalence of MDE and PTSD; and that gender would moderate the relationship between violence exposure and mental health outcomes. Results indicated significant gender differences in rates of violence exposure, PTSD and MDE. Additionally, gender was a moderating variable in the relation between sexual assault and PTSD, but not in the …

Go to article

A Pooled Analysis Of Two Placebo-Controlled Trials Of Desvenlafaxine In Major Depressive Disorder., Daniel Z Lieberman, Stuart A Montgomery, Karen A Tourian, Claudine Brisard, Gregory Rosas, Krishna Padmanabhan, Jean-Michel Germain, Bruno Pitrosky Jul 2008

A Pooled Analysis Of Two Placebo-Controlled Trials Of Desvenlafaxine In Major Depressive Disorder., Daniel Z Lieberman, Stuart A Montgomery, Karen A Tourian, Claudine Brisard, Gregory Rosas, Krishna Padmanabhan, Jean-Michel Germain, Bruno Pitrosky

Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences Faculty Publications

The efficacy, safety, and tolerability of desvenlafaxine (administered as desvenlafaxine succinate) were evaluated in two similarly designed, phase 3, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, venlafaxine-extended-release-referenced, flexible-dose studies of outpatients with a primary diagnosis of major depressive disorder. Owing to a high placebo response, the individual studies were underpowered. Therefore, a post-hoc pooled analysis was performed (desvenlafaxine and placebo data were pooled; venlafaxine extended release data were not, owing to different flexible-dose regimens in the two studies). The primary outcome measure was the change from baseline on the 17-item Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression; the Clinical Global Impressions-Improvement item score was a secondary …

Go to article

Pathways To Change: The Effect Of A Web Application On Treatment Interest., Daniel Z Lieberman, Suena H Massey Jul 2008

Pathways To Change: The Effect Of A Web Application On Treatment Interest., Daniel Z Lieberman, Suena H Massey

Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences Faculty Publications

Most individuals with drinking problems do not receive treatment, generally because they do not perceive the need for it. It is difficult to access this population of problem drinkers in order to encourage treatment-seeking. A Web-based program was written, designed to increase motivation for change. The program guided non-treatment-seekers through a multi-stage assessment and provided them with feedback. The level of interest in treatment was measured pre-and post-intervention. Compared to baseline, after the intervention, significantly more individuals rated themselves "very interested" in participating in some form of traditional treatment (19% vs. 28%), and their focus on a specific modality increased.

Go to article

When Agencies And Families Come Together: Dealing With Conflict In Building Partnerships, Robyn Boustead, Sheryl Schrepf, Huey Chen, Mary Evans, Andrea K. Blanch, Roger A. Boothroyd Jul 2008

When Agencies And Families Come Together: Dealing With Conflict In Building Partnerships, Robyn Boustead, Sheryl Schrepf, Huey Chen, Mary Evans, Andrea K. Blanch, Roger A. Boothroyd

Mental Health Law & Policy Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Go to article

Mood Symptoms As Comorbidity In Schizophrenia, Amresh Srivastava Jun 2008

Mood Symptoms As Comorbidity In Schizophrenia, Amresh Srivastava

Psychiatry Presentations

No abstract provided.

Go to article

The Psychophysiology Of Information Processing Differences In Eating Disorders, Kathryn Grace Truitt Jun 2008

The Psychophysiology Of Information Processing Differences In Eating Disorders, Kathryn Grace Truitt

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

Maladaptive or dysfunctional cognitive factors are believed to be significant contributors to pathology in eating disorders. The emotional Stroop task was used to examine [the] these dysfunctional cognitive factors. A sample of 31 women (14 nonclinical controls, 13 BN, 4 AN) participated in this investigation, after exclusion for ocular and movement artifacts and equipment problems the remaining sample contained 4 women diagnosed with BN, 4 women diagnosed with AN, and 9 matched non-clinical control subjects. Participants completed an Emotional Stroop task comprised of 8 blocks of words. On each trial, a word was presented in one of four colors (black, …

Go to article

Child Sexual Trauma: Testing The Robustness Of Browne & Finkelhor's Theory, Jose Mauricio Ramirez Jun 2008

Child Sexual Trauma: Testing The Robustness Of Browne & Finkelhor's Theory, Jose Mauricio Ramirez

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

Trauma has received great attention in the last three decades and a major societal issue today is child sexual abuse. Twelve percent of victims of maltreatment every year are victims of child sexual abuse (CSA). Several studies have suggested that the prevalence of CSA in women is in the range of 6% to 62% depending on how the data was collected (e.g., interviews, surveys) and the nature of the population sampled (e.g., general population, clinical population). Because of CSA, victims are impacted by the experience and encounter a change in the way they perceive the world on both the way …

Go to article

First Prev Next Last