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Simulator Sickness In The Flight School Xxi Th-67 Flight Motion Simulators, Catherine Webb M.S., Julie Bass Ssg, David Johnson Ph.D., Amanda Kelley Ph.D., Christopher Martin M.D., Robert Wildzunas Ph.D.

International Symposium on Aviation Psychology - 2009

Simulator sickness (SS) is a common problem during flight training and can affect both instructor pilots (IPs) and student pilots (SPs). This study was conducted in response to complaints about a new rotary wing flight simulator. To investigate, Simulator Sickness Questionnaire (SSQ) data were collected from 129 SPs and 73 IPs. Analysis of these data helped direct recommendations based on the scientific literature for reducing SS. One year later, a post-test collected SSQ data from 50 SPs and 25 IPs. To test the effectiveness of the recommendations, a 2 (experience) x 2 (time) between-subjects Multivariate Analysis of Variance was used. …

A Network Collaborative Design Construct For The Dissemination Of Aviation Safety Research, Brent D. Bowen, Erin E. Block, Manoj S. Patankar

International Symposium on Aviation Psychology - 2009

The constructs for collaborative network building include common tenets for the establishment of communication channels not only within the network but for constituencies external to the network. These constituencies are beneficiaries of the resulting knowledge which emerges and is disseminated. The Safety Across High-Consequence Industries (SAHI) conference was formed in 2003 for the purpose of bringing together safety leaders from multiple fields within the high consequence industries of healthcare, nuclear power, aviation, and others. Through SAHI four multinational conferences have been convened and resulted in bodies of safety knowledge available through widely distributed proceedings. In the process of generating and …

Risk Assessment In Aviation, Robert Mauro, Immanuel Barshi

International Symposium on Aviation Psychology - 2009

In aviation, many actions are taken to reduce risk. However, not all risks can be avoided. To effectively manage risk, managers and regulators must evaluate and compare risks associated with different threats. Yet, it is frequently difficult to obtain reasonable assessments of these risks. Traditional approaches often produce unsatisfactory results when the probability of failure is low but the costs of failure are high -- as is often the case in modern civil aviation. Attempts to use a single dimension to evaluate threats often lead to unreliable and contentious assessments. Many risk assessment heuristics and displays can yield misleading and …

Design And Evaluation Of A Cognitively Engineered Systems Monitoring Display, Michael J. Findler, Dr. S. Narayanan, Jeff S. Collier, Dr. William Marshak

International Symposium on Aviation Psychology - 2009

A new format was derived from a Visual Thinking cognitive psychology paradigm and permits easy understanding of multiple system parameters with different directions and unit scaling. This new “Sprocket” format allows rapid cross check, characterizing multiple failure thresholds, and easy detection of out-of-tolerance conditions and a gestalt state awareness. The format was evaluated in a dual task, aviation-oriented experiment.

A Human-Machine Interface For Replanning Of 4d Trajectories, Bart J.A. Van Marwijk, Mark Mulder, Max Mulder, M.M. (René) Van Paassen, Clark Borst

International Symposium on Aviation Psychology - 2009

To accomplish air traffic growth in a safe and efficient way, future air traffic management concepts require aircraft to accurately plan and execute 4D trajectories. A trajectory planned prior to takeoff, may, however, require in-flight revision. To support the flight crew in their task of accurately replanning a flight plan up to a meter fix, in four dimensions, a dedicated planning interface has been designed. The interface allows direct manipulation of the ground track and the descent profile. Constraints on trajectory planning are mapped onto candidate waypoint locations, highlighting the possibilities for acceptable ground track geometry in the horizontal situation …

Professionalism In Airline Operations?...And Accident Investigation?, Captain Kevin M. Smith, Ronald John Lofaro Phd

International Symposium on Aviation Psychology - 2009

When we read the findings of NTSB report AAR-07/06, Southwest Airlines flight #1248, we felt transported to a parallel universe whose occupants seem to be lacking any ability to reason analytically. These “findings’ seemed to turn logic on its head, were insufficient in scope and incorrect as to causation. This paper will analyze the SW accident using the ODM model; will show the deficiencies in the NTSB report and finally, a. Indicate how to design line oriented flight training (LOFT) scenarios that reflect actual operating conditions and are aircraft type-specific. b. Show where/how a separate DM crew training module should …

Logistic Regression Analysis Of Operational Errors And Routine Operations, Elaine M. Pfleiderer, Cheryl L. Scroggins, Carol A. Manning

International Symposium on Aviation Psychology - 2009

Two separate logistic regression analyses were conducted for low- and high-altitude sectors to determine whether a set of dynamic sector characteristics variables could reliably discriminate between operational error (OE) and routine operation (RO) traffic samples. Dynamic sector characteristics submitted as predictors were: Average Control Duration, Number of Handoffs, Number of Heading Changes, Number of Intersecting Flight Paths, Number of Point Outs, and Number of Transitioning Aircraft. In the low-altitude sector model, the Number of Intersecting Flight Paths, the Number of Point Outs, and the Number of Handoffs produced a 75% overall classification accuracy. In the high-altitude sector model, the Number …

Constructing Accurate And Precise Timelines For Major Aviation Accident Investigations, Aaron S. Dietz, John J. O'Callaghan, Bruce G. Coury, Joseph M. Kolly

International Symposium on Aviation Psychology - 2009

A clear, precise, and accepted description of what happened in an accident is a necessary first step in understanding why an accident happened. Although timelines are routinely used in accident investigations, constructing an accurate and precise one can be difficult. Large volumes of information must be correlated to a common time base, and the significance of events can change as the investigation develops. This paper describes the development of a timeline application to help overcome the difficulties associated with accident timelines. Development has emphasized interactive capabilities that allow users to manage the content and format how evidence related to the …

A Methodology And Tools For The Prospective Identification Of Nextgen Human Factors Issues, Ken Funk

International Symposium on Aviation Psychology - 2009

The Human-Machine Systems Engineering Methodology (HMSEM) is a systematic method to prospectively identify relevant human fallibilities, potential errors, and general human factors issues in a complex, high-risk system, then develop design recommendations for remediations to counteract the fallibilities, avoid or mitigate the errors, and resolve the issues. HMSEM uses IDEF0 functional modeling, task analysis, human fallibilities analysis, and Failure Modes and Effects Analysis, organizing the information for and from the analyses in a workbook. The results of its application to several tasks on the NextGen flight deck suggest that it can be a valuable complement to other means to anticipate …

Determining Job Requirements For The Next Aviator Generation, Hans-Juergen Hoermann, Dirk Schulze-Kissing, Oliver Zierke

International Symposium on Aviation Psychology - 2009

The aviation industry is envisioning a tremendous growth of air traffic within the next two decades. New technologies and operational concepts will be the key enablers to accommodate the increasing amount of movements in a safe, efficient and environment friendly manner. Current working concepts reach from improved interoperability of national ATM systems, via satellite based navigation, collaborative decision making, and self separation of aircraft up to fully automated air-ground-space systems. It can be expected that the introduction of such concepts will have a significant impact on the working conditions and job requirements of future air traffic controllers and pilots, who …

Runway Incursion Prevention Using An Audio Intervention, Nathan Maertens, Christopher Desalvo, Jessie Chin, J. Michelle Moon

International Symposium on Aviation Psychology - 2009

From 2004 through 2007 runway incursions (RI), an FAA high priority safety item, have continuously increased (FAA, 2008). The FAA has sought mitigation proposals; here we suggest one such solution. Byrne, Kirlik and their students (2005, 2006, 2007) suggested one possible cause of RIs to be pilots making errors when given counterintuitive taxi instructions (i.e., turns away, as opposed to towards, their ultimate destination). Using this work as a foundation, we identified counterintuitive taxi geometries at Willard Airport (CMI), conducted an experiment with 14 certified flight instructors working at CMI in a simulation of landing and taxiing, and tested potential …

The Role Of Common Methods In Personnel Selection, Thomas R. Carretta

International Symposium on Aviation Psychology - 2009

Cognitive ability is the most widely researched psychological construct in studies of determinants of occupational performance. Results of meta-analyses of common selection methods in personnel psychology indicate that general mental ability (g) is the best predictor of training and job performance involving core technical proficiency. For training, the predictiveness of g is incremented by measures of personality and specialized job knowledge. For job incumbents, the predictiveness of g is incremented by personality, job knowledge, and work sample performance. In addition to the predictive validity of g, personality, and prior job knowledge, their role in the acquisition of additional job knowledge …

Selection For Aviation Related Careers: Air Traffic Control In The Air Force And The Faa, M. Kathryn Bleckley Ph.D., Jerry Crutchfield Ph.D., Raymond E. King Psy.D., Carol A. Manning Ph.D., Thomas R. Carretta Ph.D.

International Symposium on Aviation Psychology - 2009

This paper discusses selection research and practice, with a focus on air traffic control specialists (ATCSs). In the USAF and FAA, accurate selection of air traffic control (ATC) trainees is essential because of the cost in time and money to train people for this high-consequence occupation. The FAA continues longitudinal validation research for the Air Traffic Selection and Training (AT-SAT) battery. Additionally, validation of the AT-SAT for placement by option would allow the FAA to develop a process for assessing applicants’ potential to certify at facilities, providing useful information when determining where placement should occur. Frequently, psychiatric conditions are delineated …

How Effective Is Item Bank Testing Of Pilot Training Applicants In Reducing Test Preparation Effects?, Oliver Zierke

International Symposium on Aviation Psychology - 2009

In the selection of aviation personnel, special test preparation has become an emerging problem. Specific test preparation aims at raising the probability to master a certain test rather than developing the underlying ability. Knowledge tests are particularly susceptible to the problem of test preparation. One strategy to counter this problem is the use of comprehensive item banks for testing in knowledge domains. In 2005 over 770 student pilot applicants participated in an evaluation study of two item bank tests, an English language test and a test of physical knowledge. A conventional test form as well as an item bank test …

Human Factors In The Ground-Support Of Small Unmanned Aircraft Systems, Alan Hobbs Ph.D., Stanley R. Herwitz Ph.D., Glen R. Gallaway M.S.

International Symposium on Aviation Psychology - 2009

A growing body of research has been directed at the human factors of Unmanned Aircraft System (UAS) flight operations, yet up to now, virtually no attention has been given to the human factors of UAS maintenance. The aim of the current research program was to identify the challenges facing the maintainers of small unmanned aircraft systems. Unlike their counterparts in conventional aviation, UAS maintenance technicians are responsible for the functioning of an entire system, comprising airborne and ground-based components. Challenges include absent or poor maintenance documentation, the need to make frequent decisions about salvaging components, difficulties in troubleshooting software problems, …

Nonlinear Dynamics Of Infant Sitting Postural Control, Joan E. Deffeyes

Department of Psychology: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research

Sitting is one of the first developmental milestones that an infant achieves. Thus measurements of sitting posture present an opportunity to assess sensorimotor development at a young age, in order to identify infants who might benefit from therapeutic intervention, and to monitor the efficacy of the intervention. Sitting postural sway data was collected using a force plate from infants with typical development, and from infants with delayed development, where the delay in development was due to cerebral palsy in most of the infants in the study. The center of pressure time series from the infant sitting was subjected to a …

The Relationship Between Frequency Of Physical Activity And Stereotypical Behaviors Among Adolescents With Autism, Justin M. Keyes

Master's Theses and Doctoral Dissertations

No abstract provided.

Toward Credible Conflict Of Interest Policies In Clinical Psychiatry, Lisa Cosgrove, Harold J. Bursztajn

Counseling, School Psychology & Sport Faculty Publication Series

A recent letter to the American Psychiatric Association (APA) from Sen Chuck Grassley about the APA’s financial relationship with pharmaceutical companies raises concerns about undue industry influence. By instituting a disclosure policy for DSM-V, the APA took a halting first step in restoring public trust in the most influential text on psychiatric taxonomy in the world. Unfortunately, the APA’s efforts at creating a conflict of interest (COI) policy have failed to ensure that the process for revising diagnostic and therapeutic guidelines is one that the public can trust. The need for more safeguards was evidenced when the APA reported that …

Best Practices For Increasing Pro-Social Behavior In Adolescents With Mental Health And Behavioral Disorders, Danielle Armbrust-Malone

All Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Other Capstone Projects

Approximately 2 to 16 percent of the general population has a disruptive behavior disorder such as oppositional defiant disorder (ODD) or conduct disorder (CD) (Corcoran & Walsh, 2006). In a school setting, youth with these disorders may engage in acts such as disrespecting teachers, swearing at others, threatening others, assaulting staff or students, stealing, or vandalizing property and may benefit from a day treatment program which provides mental health services in a school setting. (Whitfield, 1999). Micro intervention strategies such as cognitive behavioral therapy and contingency management and mezzo interventions such as family therapy have been used to treat disruptive …

Comparison Of The Enantiomers Of (±)-Doxanthrine, A High Efficacy Full Dopamine D1 Receptor Agonist, And A Reversal Of Enantioselectivity At D1 Versus Alpha2c Adrenergic Receptors, Julie A. Przybyla, Juan P. Cueva, Benjamin R. Chemel, K. Joseph Hsu, David J. Riese Ii, John D. Mccorvy, Julia Chester, David E. Nichols, Val J. Watts

Department of Psychological Sciences Faculty Publications

Parkinson’s disease is a neurodegenerative condition involving the death of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra. Dopamine D1 receptor agonists are potential alternative treatments to current therapies that employ L-DOPA, a dopamine precursor. We evaluated the pharmacological profiles of the enantiomers of a novel dopamine D1 receptor full agonist, doxanthrine (DOX) at D1 and α2C adrenergic receptors. (+)-DOX displayed greater potency and intrinsic activity than (-)-DOX in porcine striatal tissue and in a heterologous D1 receptor expression system. Studies in MCF7 cells, which express an endogenous human dopamine D1-like receptor, revealed that (-)-DOX was a weak partial agonist/antagonist that reduced …

The Neuropsychological Functioning Of Men Residing In A Homeless Shelter, Sara Murray Hegerty

Dissertations (1934 -)

The number of homeless individuals in the U.S. has continued to increase, with men comprising the majority of this population. These men are at substantial risk for neuropsychological impairment due to several factors, such as substance misuse, severe mental illness, untreated medical conditions (e.g., diabetes, liver disease, HIV/AIDS), poor nutrition, and the increased likelihood of suffering a traumatic brain injury. Impairments in attention, memory, executive functioning, and other neuropsychological domains can result in poor daily functioning and difficulty engaging in psychological, medical, or educational services. Thus, knowledge of the neuropsychological functioning of homeless men is critical for those who work …

Pretreatment Client Characteristics And Treatment Retention In An Intensive Outpatient Substance Abuse Treatment Program, Shauna Elizabeth Fuller

Dissertations (1934 -)

The effectiveness and efficacy of substance abuse treatment is well established. At the same time, clients often prematurely drop out of substance abuse treatment, negatively impacting their chances of achieving favorable outcomes. Investigating variables associated with treatment retention has become increasingly important considering one of the most robust findings in substance abuse treatment outcome research is the positive relationship between the amount of time spent in treatment and post-treatment outcomes (e.g., decreased drug/alcohol use, decreased criminal activity, improved social functioning). This study examined the relationship between pre-treatment client characteristics and treatment drop-out among 273 adults who were admitted to intensive …

Severity Of Child Sexual Abuse And Revictimization: The Mediating Role Of Coping And Trauma Symptoms, Michelle A. Fortier, David Dilillo, Terri L. Messman-Moore, James Peugh, Kathleen A. Denardi, Kathryn J. Gaffey

Department of Psychology: Faculty Publications

Child sexual abuse (CSA) has consistently been associated with the use of avoidant coping; these coping methods have been associated with increased trauma symptoms, which have, in turn, been linked to increased risk for adult sexual revictimization. Given these previous findings, the purpose of the current study was to test a model that conceptualized the relationships among these variables. Specifically, CSA severity was conceptualized as leading to the use of avoidant coping, which was proposed to lead to maintenance of trauma symptoms, which would, in turn, impact severity of revictimization indirectly. This comprehensive model was tested in a cross-sectional study …

Impulsivity And Cigarette Craving: Differences Across Subtypes, Neal Doran, Jessica Werth Cook, Dennis E. Mcchargue, Bonnie Spring

Department of Psychology: Faculty Publications

Rationale: Cigarette smoking has been linked to a number of personality characteristics, including impulsivity. Smokers tend to endorse high levels of impulsivity, and more impulsive smokers have greater difficulty quitting, but little is known about potential explanatory mechanisms. Although indirect evidence suggests craving as a candidate mechanism, direct evidence has been mixed.
Materials and methods: This study assessed whether specific aspects of impulsivity (sensation seeking, lack of premeditation, lack of perseverance, and urgency) were associated with cue-induced craving. Regular smokers (n= 60; 50% female) were exposed to a smoking cue and a neutral cue in a repeated measure …

Sedation And Disruption Of Maternal Motivation Underlie The Disruptive Effects Of Antipsychotic Treatment On Rat Maternal Behavior, Changjiu Zhao, Ming Li

Department of Psychology: Faculty Publications

The behavioral mechanisms underlying antipsychotic-induced maternal behavior deficits were examined in the present study. Different groups of postpartum rats were treated with haloperidol (0.1 mg/kg), clozapine (10.0 mg/kg), chlordiazepoxide (5.0 mg/kg, an anxiolytic) or vehicle (0.9% saline) on Days 4 and 6 postpartum and their maternal behaviors were tested under either pup-separation (e.g. pups were removed from their mothers for 4 h before testing) or no-pup-separation condition. Maternal behavior and drug-induced sedation were further tested for 3 days from Day 8 to 12 postpartum. Results show that pup-separation, which putatively increases maternal motivation, did significantly shorten clozapine-elongated pup approach latency, …

Daily Negative Mood Affects Fasting Glucose In Type 2 Diabetes, Marilyn M. Skaff, Joseph T. Mullan, David M. Almeida, Lesa Hoffman, Umesh Masharani, David C. Mohr, Lawrence Fisher

Department of Psychology: Faculty Publications

Objective—To examine the relationship between mood and blood glucose in a 21 day daily diary study.

Design—During a home visit, information was gathered from two hundred six persons with type 2 diabetes regarding demographics, disease characteristics and treatment, and depressive symptoms. They had blood drawn at a laboratory, yielding HbA1C. The participants were then telephoned each evening for 21 days and were asked about their positive and negative mood during the past 24 hours. They also tested their blood glucose upon rising in the morning.

Main Outcome Measures—The main outcomes measures were positive and negative affect and fasting glucose.

Results—Multilevel …

Developing Evidenced Based Practice For Social Emotional Screenings In Schools, Kim Anderson

All Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Other Capstone Projects

The social problem being addressed through this project includes several challenges faced by our nation's schools, namely increasing numbers of disciplinary referrals, suspensions, and expulsions (Marchant, Anderson, Caldarella, Fisher, Young,Young, 2009). Further research states that "more and more children entering school are unprepared to learn, unable to cope with the social tasks involved in making friends and getting along with others, and unaware of their negative social effect on others," (Marchant et al., 2009, p.131). Only about 20% of children and adolescents with a psychiatric disorder in the United States receive any kind of mental health services (Fritz, 2007). Yet …

School Improvement Programs, Kimberly Barry

All Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Other Capstone Projects

Teachers face a growing number behavior challenges that effect the delivery of classroom instruction (Center for Effective Collaboration and Practice , n.d). This affects how the teacher teaches and how the other students learn. Disruptions in the classroom force teachers to direct their attention to that student resulting in less time teaching. School wide programs help school staff develop expectations for behavior and allows for a common language amongst all staff and students. There are many school wide programs that claim to make behaviors decrease. It can be very cumbersome and time consuming for schools to go through all of …

Acute Psychiatric Group Therapy For Hospitalized Individuals With Serious And Persistent Mental Illness, Lindsey Bednar

All Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Other Capstone Projects

The purpose of this study was to identify group therapy interventions to be provided during a time limited acute psychiatric hospitalization for individuals with serious and persistent mental illness (SPMI) derived from evidenced-based research.

Research Question: What skills deficits and theory of practice are most efficacious with individuals with SPMI diagnosis served by ISJ Behavioral Health Unit?

Pervasive Developmental Disorder, Electric Training Modules, Jennifer Stuehrenberg

All Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Other Capstone Projects

The South Central Crisis Center is a State Operated Services mental health facility in Mankato, Minnesota. The center is designed to offer people suffering an acute mental health episode, such as suicidal thoughts, or who need a medication adjustment or other psychiatric services, up to a few days in a safe, secure environment. The center accepts referrals from law enforcement, county or health care professionals in these participating counties: Blue Earth, Brown, Faribault, Freeborn, Le Sueur, Martin, Nicollet, Rice, Sibley and Watonwan. Recently, the program has been serving a larger amount of clients who have a diagnosis of Asperger’s Disorder …