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Evaluation Of Biochar Rate And Hemp Cultivar For The Phytoremediation Of Heavy-Metal-Contaminated Soil From The Tar Creek Superfund Site, Dietrich Thurston

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Soil contamination by cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb), and zinc (Zn) at the Tar Creek Superfund site in Northeast Oklahoma remains a threat to the environment and local ecosystem. Phytoremediation by industrial hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) and the use of biochar (BC) have been independently shown to be effective methods to remediate heavy-metal-contaminated soils. The objective of this greenhouse study was to evaluate the effects of industrial hemp cultivar (‘Carmagnola’ and ‘Jinma’), BC rate (0, 2, 5, and 10% by volume), soil contamination level (low, medium, and high), and their interactions on above- and belowground (AG and BG, respectively) plant dry …

Portuguese Society Of Pastures And Forages, J. Potes, E. V. Lourenço, T. Carita

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

The Portuguese Society of Pastures and Forages (SPPF) was born from a course on pastures and forages held in the National Plant Breeding Station of Elvas (where the headquarters of SPPF are located) in 1979. It was organised by the head of the Pastures and Forages Department, David Gomes Crespo, who was the first and founder member. According to Abreu et al. (1999), the structure established was that of a Scientific Society and was considered by the Government as a Service of Public Interest. It gathered inspiration from the British Grassland Society, the Association Francaise pour la Production Fourragére, …

The Activities And Aspirations Of The Estonian Grassland Society, A. Selge, R. Viiralt, Tiina Köster

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

The aim of the Estonian Grassland Society (EGS) is to develop the flow of grassland-based knowledge between different stakeholders and multidisciplinary research and to create international contacts. The EGS is a non-profit organisation and more than 100 interdisciplinary researchers, plant breeders, advisors and farmers are actively involved in the work of the society. The interdisciplinary activities are becoming more and more attractive and important and bring together different target groups. At present seminars, which are focused on the adaptation producers to the EU rules and support system for farmers are attractive. Nowadays the essential goal for the EGS is to …

The Role Of The New Zealand Grassland Association In Technology Interaction And Policy Evolution, M. W. Calder

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

The New Zealand Grassland Association (NZGA) aims for a two-way communication between grassland researchers and pastoral farmers on research findings and farming trends and opportunities. Annual conferences, special symposia, print and electronic publications as well as the web site are used to further these aims. Policy evolution is indirect, using the relationship with agribusiness sponsors and members to promote research objectives.

Slovenian Grassland Society: Science, Profession And Practice, Branko Kramberger, Matej Vidrih, T. Vidrih, J. Čop

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

The Slovenian Grassland Society (SGS) was established in 1993. It has around 120 members. A half of members are active farmers, around 10% are scientists, the rest are employed in extension services or other agricultural enterprises (seed companies, administration bodies, etc.)

Role Of Hellenic Range And Pasture Society In Technology Interaction And Policy Evolution, T. G. Papachristou, P. D. Platis, V. Papanastasis, A. Ainalis

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

The Hellenic Range and Pasture Society (HRPS) was founded in 1992 and is a non-profit scientific association. It is composed of 74 members with a common interest in the study, management, and rational use of rangelands and related ecosystems (e.g. pasturelands). The objectives for which the corporation was established are: a) to develop an understanding of rangeland ecosystems and of the principles applicable to the management of rangeland resources (soil, plants, water, and animals), b) to assist all who work with rangelands and pasturelands to keep abreast of new findings and techniques in the science and art of rangeland and …

Technology Interaction And Policy Evolution; Grassland Society Of Southern Australia Inc, L. L. Bennison

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

The Grassland Society of Southern Australia was formed in 1959 to provide a forum for the transfer of information, ideas and experiences in relation to all aspects of grassland establishment, maintenance, utilisation, persistence and research. The membership of over 2,000 is composed primarily of primary producers (80%) with extension and research scientists comprising 10%, agribusiness 8% and academia 2%. The major interests of members are wool, lamb and beef production, dairying and cropping. The society produces bimonthly newsletters, holds an annual conference with attendances between 400 and 600 annually and has a branch structure that hosts local events. The society …

Role Of The Grassland Society Of Bosnia And Herzegovina In Grassland Agriculture, S. Alibegovic-Gbic, M. Bezdrob

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

The biggest part of Bosnia and Herzegovina is covered with hilly and mountainous terrain, which, from the agricultural perspective, determines the manner of soil usage. Of all agricultural areas in Bosnia and Herzegovina, 55.49% are covered by grassland with that figure increasing to 79.14% in mountainous regions. Therefore, grassland agriculture and its cousin livestock production are the most significant part of the Bosnian economy. In the current situation natural grasslands are largely neglected and give a low yield of forage of low quality. Many areas are completely abandoned and have been gradually overgrown with weeds and bushes. Yet a special …

Institutions, Structures And Topics Of Grassland Research In Germany - From Science To Practice, Johannes Isselstein, H. Hochberg

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

In Germany, grassland covers some 30% of the agriculturally used land. It forms the basis of forage production in dairy and beef cattle husbandry as well as sheep and horse feeding. The intensification of grassland farming during the last fifty years was made possible through extended basic and applied research in all fields of grassland management. This included the improvement of forage species and varieties by plant breeding, the adaptation of botanical knowledge for the control of the botanical composition of permanent grass swards, the application of regular fertilisation, the improvement of the grazing management, the increased frequency of utilisation …

The Spanish Society For The Study Of Pastures: 45 Years Promoting Better Pasture Knowledge And Management, A. San Miguel

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

The Spanish Society for the Study of Pastures (SEEP) (http://www.seepastos.es) was founded in 1960 through the initiative of Prof. G. González with the intention of combining efforts and initiatives on pasture studies from many points of view. The Society has the objective of promoting the knowledge and improvement of Spanish pastures, regarding every issue related with pastoral science: typology; ecology and functions of pastoral ecosystems; plant production; feeding value; animal production; economics; sociology and agricultural policy, etc. The term 'Pasture' is considered in a broad sense to include every plant part, individual or community capable of being used for livestock …

Activity Of Japanese Society Of Grassland Science, K. Sugawara, S. Saiga, K. Tateno, Y. Cai, N. Yoshida, T. Takamizo, M. Goto

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

The Japanese Society of Grassland Science (JSGS) was founded in 1954 for the purposes of progressing grassland and forage crop sciences and fostering grassland agriculture and better management of grassland for animal production in Japan. From the first, the members of JSGS have included interdisciplinary scientists from forage crop science, forestry, animal science, agribusiness and many related fields. In the 50 years since its foundation, JSGS has made large contributions to the progress of both science and industry in Japan. The number of JSGS members is now declining slightly, but there are still about 950 including 800 individual members and …

The Tropical Grassland Society Of Australia Incorporated, David M. Orr, M. H. Shelton, C. A. Hall

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

The Tropical Grassland Society of Australia was formed in 1962 and became incorporated in 1987 and has the following aims:

• To publicise information of interest to primary producers and scientists
• To improve the relevance of research and adoption of technology through the flow of ideas between scientists and producers
• To publicise the findings of Australian pasture research and development to overseas workers, and to draw on their experience for application in Australia

Comments On The Present Activity Of Czech Specialists In Grassland Cultivation, B. Cagaš

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Unlike some other countries, there is no officially established forage crop or grassland society in the Czech Republic. This, however, does not mean that activity in this field is lacking. Several institutions are involved in the development of grassland research. These are predominantly: Grassland Commission of the Section of Plant Production of the Czech Academy of Agricultural Science, Forage Crop Commission of the Bohemian-Moravian Union of Plant Breeders, Bohemian-Moravian Association of Plant Breeding and Seed Production and Association of Grass and Clover Seed Growers. Members of these institutions are researchers and breeders of grasses and legumes, university lecturers from departments …

American Forage And Grassland Council Technology Interaction And Policy Development, E. K. Twidwell, W. A. Tucker

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

The American Forage and Grassland Council (AFGC) is a national organisation which has been in existence since 1968. Membership of AFGC is about 2,500. The membership of AFGC is divided into three main sectors: private, public and industry. The private sector has the largest membership (60%), and private members are usually producers that are engaged in some type of agricultural enterprise involving the use of forages. The public sector members (30%) are educators and other government agency personnel that work with the general public. The industry sector (10%) involves various companies that deal with the forage industry. The AFGC Board …

The Ulster Grassland Society, J. Morrison

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Northern Ireland is a grass-growing region. Grassland accounts for 92% of the area farmed (excluding hill land). So the great majority of farm businesses in the Province are, at least partly, dependent on grass as a source of ruminant feed and grassland farming makes a major impact on the environment and landscape of the Province.

The Ulster Grassland Society was formed in response to a realisation that grass should be treated as a crop in its own right with potential to produce high output in higher rainfall areas which include Northern Ireland. Although there had been informal meetings held since …

The Role Of Grassland Societies In The West Of Scotland, G. E. D. Tiley

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Local grassland societies were first established in the United Kingdom in the 1950s, under the guiding hand of the national, British Grassland Society, itself founded in 1946. In the west of Scotland two local societies were formed: 1) the South West Scotland Grassland Society in 1962, covering the former counties of Ayrshire, Dumfries, Kirkcudbright and Wigtown; and 2) the Central Scotland Grassland Society for Lanark, Stirling, Renfrew, Dumbarton and Clackmannan. The declared aim of these two societies was to promote good grassland farming in all its aspects amongst members and to identify opportunities for improved grassland management, all to the …

The Leucaena Network: A Grazier Advocacy Organisation Ensuring The Future Of A Valuable Forage Resource For Northern Australia, K. Mclaughlin, B. F. Mullen, H. M. Shelton

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Leucaena leucocephala is a productive and sustainable forage tree legume for beef cattle production in northern Australia. Following a protracted period of research and development to overcome agronomic and social constraints, substantial adoption by graziers is now occurring (Mullen, these proceedings). However, a recent challenge has threatened future development, viz. the perception by some environmentalists that leucaena is an environmental weed. In addition, production-oriented support from public research and development organisations has diminished significantly over the past 20 years. The Leucaena Network (TLN) was formed in July 2000, primarily to counter the anti-leucaena movement, but has since developed as an …

The Lotus Newsletter: An Electronic Lotus Research Community, Mónica Rebuffo

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

The Lotus Newsletter (LN) was created by Dr. W.F. Grant (former editor) in 1971, integrating scientists working on diverse aspects of research on Lotus spp. The LN received further impetus under the editorship of Dr. P.R. Beuselinck, who shaped the electronic version (http://www.psu.missouri.edu/lnl/). The newsletter aims to provide a vehicle for the exchange of information where opinions, in addition to established facts, can be presented. One of the strengths of the LN has been the lead article for each issue and the extensive bibliographic listing published every year, which facilitates access to recent literature. As a …

Grassland Technology Interaction And Policy Evolution In Canada, Duane H. Mccartney, P. Jefferson

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Canada is the world's second largest country covering approximately 10 million km² (McCartney & Horton, 1997). About 90% of Canada is uninhabited with 90 percent of Canadians living within 500 km of the American border. The forage resources used by livestock grazing and the production of forage crops covers over 36 million ha of Canada's land base (3.6%) and is divided into 72% native range (26 million ha), 11% cultivated pastures (4 million ha) and 17% forage crops (6 million ha) There are 25 million ha in grain and oilseed crops (McCartney & Horton, 1997).

The Great Mission Of The Chinese Grassland Society: Grassland Strategic Research, F. Hong

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

The Chinese Grassland Society (CGS) was founded in 1979 in Beijing. Since 1991, it has become a national science society authorised by the State Ministry of Civil Affairs. The basic task of CGS is to unite the national grassland scientists and technicians for academic exchanges at home and abroad, to popularise grassland science, to train qualified personnel for the further development of grassland science and to accelerate the development of grassland science. The Society is affiliated with ten professional committees and sponsors the academic journals: Acta Agrestia Sinica, Acta Prataculturae Sinica and China Grassland.

Change In Grassland Science: Implications For Training, Research And Grassland Societies, G. Lemaire, R. J. Wilkins, J. Hodgson

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

In most of the world the priority for production-oriented research has been succeeded by the need for grassland research to focus on systems which satisfy requirements relating to the stability and protection of land, water and atmospheric resources and to biodiversity, in addition to production efficiency. This dictates not only a new approach to research, but also new approaches for the organisation of research, the training and development of research scientists and the activities of Grassland Societies and associated organisations.

Citizen Scientists: Efforts By The Tri-Societies To Inject Science Into Us Policymaking, E. Bergfeld, K. Glasener

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

The Tri-Societies (American Society of Agronomy, Crop Science Society of America and Soil Science Society of America), the largest life science professional societies in the United States (US) dedicated to the agronomic, crop and soil sciences, encompass approximately 18,000 members globally and include approximately 14,000 certified professionals who are a direct conduit to the farming communities across the US. The Tri-Societies' US-based federal science policy programmes have been active for decades. There is a Washington, DC-based Director of Science Policy, Congressional Science Fellows (CSF) and Science Policy Interns.

Functional Analysis Of Spermidine Synthase (Spds) Using Virus-Induced Gene Silencing In Barley, Ammar A. Shaikh, Tilahun Abebe

Summer Undergraduate Research Program (SURP) Symposium

Polyamines are low molecular weight aliphatic nitrogenous compounds with two or more amino groups (Liu et al., 2015). Polyamines are found in all organisms. They play diverse roles in growth and development as well as environmental stress response. One of the major polyamines in plants is spermidine. Spermidine increases grain filling by increasing hormones and enzymes in sucrose biosynthesis (Luo et al., 2019). Expression of genes in the spermidine biosynthesis pathway increases during drought in barley (Abebe et al., 2010). However, the role of spermidine biosynthesis for drought tolerance has not been systematically investigated in barley. In the past, we …

Analysis Of The Role Of Gamma-Aminobutyrate (Gaba) In Drought Tolerance In Barley Using Virus-Induced Gene Silencing, Thomas Manternach, Tilahun Abebe

Summer Undergraduate Research Program (SURP) Symposium

Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) is a messenger in cellular communication. As GABA is also an enhancer in stress tolerance, this often leads to rapid accumulation during drought. . GABA increases photosynthesis and reduces water loss through the stomata (Li et al., 2021; Xu et al., 2021). The metabolization of GABA occurs via the GABA shunt, which is produced primarily from a glutamic acid catalyzed by glutamate decarboxylase (GAD) in the cytosol. GABA is imported into the mitochondria and subsequently degraded by GABA-transaminase (GABA-T) into succinic semialdehyde (SSA) . In barley, both GABA and GAD genes are induced during drought (Abebe et …

Iowa’S Agricultural Landscape: Is Tef A Viable Option?, Kyran Hines, Tilahun Abebe

Summer Undergraduate Research Program (SURP) Symposium

Tef (Eragrostis tef Zucc.) Trotter is a significant grain crop in Ethiopia, occupying over 30% of the country's total cultivated land. Tef is known for its long shelf life, drought resistance, natural pest resistance, versatility in food, beverages, and cattle feed. The crop has recently gained popularity in the United States for its nutritional qualities. Tef has a high content of minerals, amino acids, and is also gluten-free. In the context of climate change and the need for sustainable agriculture, exploring alternative crops to ensure food security is crucial. This research focuses on identifying tef accessions that are well-adapted to …

Beef Color And Tenderness Response To Production Systems Utilizing Additive Combinations Of Growth-Promotant Technologies, Megan J. Webb, Janna J. Block, John R. Jaeger, R. Funston, Michael G. Gonda, Keith R. Underwood, Judson K. Grubbs, Kenneth C. Olson, Amanda D. Blair

West Central Research and Extension Center, North Platte

The objective of this study was to compare the influence of beef production systems using additive combinations of growth-promotant technologies on meat quality. Steer calves (n = 120) were assigned to 1 of 4 treatments: 1) no technology (NT; control), 2) antibiotic treated (ANT; NT plus therapeutic antibiotics, monensin, and tylosin), 3) implant treated (IMP; ANT plus a series of three implants), and 4) beta-agonist treated (BA; IMP plus ractopamine-HCl). Muscle biopsy samples from the longissimus lumborum were extracted from a subset (n = 4 per treatment) of steers to evaluate expression of calpain-1, calpain-2, and calpastatin using …

Vascular Plants Of The Caribou-Targhee National Forest And Curlew National Grassland In Southeastern Idaho, Western Wyoming, And Northern Utah, Michael Daines

Electronic Theses & Dissertations

Due to a historical paucity of collections from and the absence of a comprehensive floristic treatment for parts of the Caribou-Targhee National Forest and Curlew National Grassland, an updated inventory for the area was needed. I present an annotated checklist of the vascular plants documented from the Caribou-Targhee National Forest and Curlew National Grassland. A total of new 3189 voucher specimens were collected for this project in 2021 and 2022. To compile the annotated checklist, I consulted both newly collected specimens and specimen data from online botanical databases. A total of 1557 taxa (species, subspecies, varieties, and hybrids), 1423 species …

Increasing Rye Cover Crop Biomass Production After Corn Residue Removal To Balance Economics And Soil Health, Sabrina J. Ruis, Humberto Blanco-Canqui, Paul J. Jasa, Glen Slater, Richard B. Ferguson

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

Low or variable cover crop (CC) biomass production could limit CC benefits. Longer CC growing periods via late termination could increase CC benefits, especially under limited crop residue return. We studied whether early (2–3 wk before planting)- or late (at planting)-terminated winter rye (Secale cereale L.) CC maintains soil properties, crop yields, and farm income under 0%, 25%, 50%, 75%, and 100% corn (Zea mays L.) residue removal in rainfed and irrigated no-till in the U.S. Great Plains after 6 yr. Early-terminated CCs produced < 1 Mg ha^-1 of biomass while late-terminated CCs averaged 1.6 Mg ha^-1 at the rainfed …

Unraveling Prevalence And Effects Of Deleterious Mutations In Maize Elite Lines Across Decades Of Modern Breeding, Shichao Sun, Baobao Wang, Changyu Li, Gen Xu, Jinliang Yang, Matthew B. Hufford, Jeffrey Ross-Ibarra, Haiyang Wang, Li Wang

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

Future breeding is likely to involve the detection and removal of deleterious alleles, which are mutations that negatively affect crop fitness. However, little is known about the prevalence of such mutations and their effects on phenotypic traits in the context of modern crop breeding. To address this, we examined the number and frequency of deleterious mutations in 350 elite maize inbred lines developed over the past few decades in China and the United States. Our findings reveal an accumulation of weakly deleterious mutations and a decrease in strongly deleterious mutations, indicating the dominant effects of genetic drift and purifying selection …

Soybean Tolerance To Ultra-Low Doses Of Dicamba: Hormesis Or Not, Luka Milosevic, O. Adewale Osipitan, Jon E. Scott, Stevan Z. Knezevic

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

The widespread use of dicamba across the soybean growing regions of the United States resulted in increased off-target movement of this herbicide to susceptible vegetations. There are speculations that a drift of sublethal (ultra-low) doses of dicamba can enhance soybean growth and yield through a phenomenon called hormesis. Field studies were conducted during 2018 and 2019 to determine whether soybean growth and yield can be enhanced with ultra-low doses (0.0112–56 g ae ha^-1) of dicamba, applied at three growth stages (V2, R1 and R2). There was no evidence that the ultra-low doses of dicamba (0.0112–56 g ae ha …