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A Revision Of Discocarpus (Euphorbiaceae), Sheila M. Hayden, W. John Hayden

Biology Faculty Publications

As revised here, Discocarpus is interpreted to consist of three neotropical species: D. essequeboensis Klotzsch, D. gentryi S. M. Hayden, which is described and named herein as new to science, and D. spruceanus Müll. Arg. One previously accepted name, D. brasiliensis Klotzsch ex Müll. Arg., is reduced to synonymy of D. essequeboensis. Lecto-types are proposed for the two species previously described. One species is newly excluded from Discocarpus, as are three others, following previous literature. Foliar anatomy is described with a focus on epidermal sclereids, which are shown to occur on both epidermides. Evidence presented supports close relationships …

Soldier's Guide To Wildlands Of Camp W. G. Williams, Thomas Hysell, Margaret Pettis

Aspen Bibliography

No abstract provided.

Application Of The Single Kernel Wheat Characterization Technology To Sorghum Grain, Jeffrey F. Pedersen, C. R. Martin, F. C. Felker, J. L. Steele

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

A single kernel wheat characterization system (SKWCS) was recently developed by the USDA, ARS Grain Marketing Research Laboratory and is currently being marketed by Perten Instruments North America, Inc. This device has been shown to accurately measure individual seed hardness, moisture, and size of wheat. The objective of this study was to determine if the SKWCS technology could be applied to the measurement of sorghum grain. Grains from 64 sorghum plots grown at Mead, NE in 1992 were characterized using a prototype SKWCS at the USDA, ARS Grain Marketing Research Laboratory. Problems encountered were primarily associated with the single kernel …

So You Want To Be A Soil Microbiologist?, Mark S. Coyne

Plant and Soil Sciences Faculty Book Gallery

A tongue-in-cheek look at soil microbiology.

Development Of House Flies (Diptera: Muscidae) In Sand Containing Varying Amounts Of Manure Solids And Moisture, Jerome Hogsette

United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service / University of Nebraska-Lincoln: Faculty Publications

House flies, Musca domestica L., developed in 200 cm³ of coarse sand containing just 1 ml (0.47%) of dairy manure solids and 10 ml (4.74%) of moisture. At these levels, development was slow (21.5 d from 1st instar to adult), adult survival was low (7.5%), but successful development did occur. At higher manure and moisture levels, rates of development and survival were similar to those reported previously. All soil samples collected from a feedlot dairy contained higher levels of manure solids than the highest level tested in the laboratory. The implications for fly control in soil/manure mixtures and the …

Peltandra Virginica (L.) Schott & Endl. (Arrow Arum), A New Species And Genus For Minnesota, Charles Argue

Journal of the Minnesota Academy of Science

Peltandra virginica is reported as a new addition to the flora of Minnesota. Found in Cook County in the northeasternmost part of the state, it is separated by about 400 km from the closest previously reported location for this species on Michigan's upper peninsula.

Development And Optimisation Of A Micellar Electrokinetic Capillary Chromatography Method For The Separation And Identification Of Phenolics From Eucalypt Species, Andrew J. Tromans

Theses : Honours

Several buffers were examined for their ability to separate a complex mixture of phenolic compounds using micellar electrokinetic capillary chromatography (MEKC). The phenolic mixture included simple phenols, phenolic acids and coumarins. Of the different buffers examined, 6 mM borate, 10 mM phosphate, 100 mM SDS, pH 8.3 gave the best separation. The ability of organic modifiers, complexation agents such as α cyclodextrin, β cyclodextrin and mixed SDS I Brij 35 micelles to improve the separation and peak retention time reproducibility of the buffer system was investigated. Baseline separation of the 18 phenolics was achieved by the 6 mM borate, 10 …

Plantain Sunflower (Helianthus Occidentalis Subsp. Plantagineus) In Arkansas, Daniel L. Marsh, Timothy A. Golden

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

No abstract provided.

Effect Of Carbohydrate Source, Auxin And Endogenous Ethylene Upon Root Induction Of Eucalyptus Marginata Donn Ex Sm. In Vitro, Meredith Magaret Fairbanks

Theses : Honours

The utilisation of eucalypts around the world is increasing, mainly through the development of plantations. Clonal propagation has become important in some countries for production of such plantation trees. Micropropagation has been utilised to produce clones of trees selected for specific characteristics such as disease resistance, salt tolerance and fast growth rates. However, a suitable micropropagation protocol for all eucalypts has not been produced. One component of the micropropagation protocol, in which there is considerable difficulty, is the induction of adventitious roots on micropropagated shoots. Of particular interest, is the development of these procedures for Eucalyptus marginata (Jarrah) that have …

Permethrin-Impregnated Yarn: Longevity Of Efficacy And Potential Use On Cylindrical Fiberglass Stable Fly (Diptera: Muscidae) Traps, Jerome Hogsette, Joseph Ruff

United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service / University of Nebraska-Lincoln: Faculty Publications

Efficacy of permethrin-impregnated orlon yam against stable flies, Stomoxys calcitrans (L.), was 6-8 wk under simulated field conditions. Numbers of stable flies captured on corrugated cylindrical fiberglass traps painted with an adhesive indicated that these traps are attractive enough to be used in the field with treated yam applied. Reasons for variability of yam impregnation and the use of yam on cylinder traps are discussed.

Imidazolinone Herbicides Improve Restoration Of Great Plains Grasslands, Robert A. Masters, Scott Nissen, Roch E. Gaussoin, Daniel Beran, Robert Stougaard

United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service / University of Nebraska-Lincoln: Faculty Publications

The productivity and native species diversity of Great Plains grasslands have been substantially reduced by past management that facilitated the establishment of invasive exotic weeds and displacement of native species. Management strategies are needed to rapidly restore the productive capacity and biological diversity of these degraded grasslands. Critically important phases of the grassland restoration process are the reintroduction and establishment of native species. Weed interference is the primary constraint to successful establishment of native plants. The goal of our research is to develop strategies that use multiple technologies, including herbicides, to expedite grassland revegetation with native grasses and forbs. Imidazolinon …

Estimation Of Rice Yield Losses Due To The African Rice Gall Midge, Orseolia Oryzivora Harris And Gagne, Souleymane Nacro, E. A. Heinrichs, D. Dakouo

Department of Entomology: Faculty Publications

The African rice gall midge, Orseolia oryzivora Harris and Gagne (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae), is an important pest of rice, Oryza sativa, in Burkina Faso as well as other countries in West and East Africa. In spite of its importance, little is known regarding the relationship between gall midge populations and grain yield losses. To determine yield losses, the gall midge was reared in cages, and adult midges were placed on caged plants of the rice variety ITA 123 at different population levels. The seven treatments consisted of different numbers of insects infested on the plants: 0 insect pairs (noninfested check), …

A Mammalian 2-5a System Functions As An Antiviral Pathway In Transgenic Plants, Amitava Mitra, Dan W. Higgins, William G. Langenberg, Huiqin Nie, Dibyendu N. Sengupta, Robert H. Silverman

Department of Plant Pathology: Faculty Publications

Resistance to virus infections in higher vertebrates is mediated in part through catalysis of RNA decay by the interferon-regulated 2-5A system. A functional 2-5A system requires two enzymes, a 2-5A synthetase that produces 5"phosphorylated, 2',5'-linked oligoadenylates (2-5A) in response to double-stranded RNA, and the 2-5A-dependent RNase L. We have coexpressed these human enzymes in transgenic tobacco plants by using a single plasmid containing the cDNAs for both human RNase L and a low molecular weight form of human 2-5A synthetase under control of different, constitutive promoters. Expression of the human cDNAs in the transgenic plants was demonstrated from Northern blots, …

Molecular Diagnostics Of Three Diabrotica (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) Pest Species, Allen L. Szalanski, Thomas O. Powers

Department of Plant Pathology: Faculty Publications

A 257 bp region of the mitochondrial ND4 gene was analyzed for genetic variation in three species of corn rootworm, southern corn rootworm (Diabrotica undecim punctata howardi Barber, SCR), northern corn rootworm (D. barberi Smith and Lawrence, NCR), and western corn rootworm (D. virgifera virgifera LeConte, WCR). Nucleotide sequencing revealed 26 polymorphic sites. Genetic distances averaged 8% for all pair-wise comparisons among the three species. Restriction maps were constructed from sequence data and compared to potential species specific restriction sites. Polymerase chain reaction restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) revealed three restriction enzymes (Alu I, Apo I …

Analysis Of Aerial Photography For Nitrogen Stress Within Corn Fields, Tracy M. Blackmer, James S. Schepers, Gary E. Varvel, George Meyer

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

Spatial variability of soil parameters within fields complicates N fertilizer recommendations for corn (Zea mays L.) production. Thus, the ability to identify differences in crop N status within corn fields could lead to efficiencies in N fertilizer application and decreased ground water pollution. In this study, we digitized aerial color photographic transparencies using an eight-bit scheme to generate digital counts for the red, green, and blue primary colors in the photographs at the R5 growth stage and related them to grain yield. Digital count responses were relative to the N treatment in which grain yield plateaued. Experiments were conducted …

Annual Forages: New Approaches For C-4 Forages, Jeffrey F. Pedersen

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

The current agricultural paradigm in the U.S. is heavily biased towards the production and marketing of crops as commodities. This paradigm is kept in place by grain handling and marketing infrastructure, as well as government farm programs, designed for crops as commodities. Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L. Moench) and maize (Zea mays L.) grown for grain certainly fit into this current paradigm.

A new approach to agricultural production and marketing, identity preserved products, is gaining in importance. This is made possible through new technologies and markets demanding products designed specifically for their needs. Examples of investment in identity preserved …

Breeding Sorghum And Pearl Millet For Forage And Fuel, Jeffrey F. Pedersen

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

Sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] and pearl millet [Pennisetum glaucum (L.) R. Br.] are unique species in their ability to be used in many forage llivestock system roles. Such flexibility has made prioritizing breeding objectives difficult and has even contributed to contradictory opinions on appropriate forage breeding objectives. Few breeding projects identified in the USDA-ARS, USDA-CREES, or at ICRISAT had forage sorghum or forage pearl millet as their sole research assignment. In the United States, it can be argued that breeding resources committed to forage sorghum improvement are probably declining. A new forage sorghum and forage pearl millet …

Media Effects On Phenotype Of Callus Cultures Initiated From Photoperiod-Insensitive, Elite Inbred Sorghum Lines, H. F. Kaeppler, Jeffrey F. Pedersen

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L. Moench) is a crop of worldwide agronomic importance. Routine production of high quality (friable, embryogenic, fast growing) callus cultures is fundamental to tissue culture based genetic study and improvement of sorghum. Genotype by culture medium interactions for sorghum callus growth and morphology have been previously reported. The objective of this study was to identify tissue culture media that would support high quality callus growth across photoperiod insensitive, relatively elite genotypes. Explants from immature inflorescences of 11 sorghum genotypes were cultured on 6 tissue culture media of differing composition. After 3 and 5 months in culture, calli …

Movement Of Crop Transgenes Into Wild Plants, Kathleen H. Keeler, Charles E. Turner, Margaret R. Bolick

School of Biological Sciences: Faculty Publications

Despite the great potential and increasing importance of other weed control options (Turner et al. 1992) and unwanted environmental side effects of some herbicides, herbicides constitute a very important means of weed control. The escape of herbicide resistance genes to wild, weedy plants could cause more severe weed problems, and presents a very real threat to the efficacy of herbicides as a weed control option. Therefore, management strategies that prevent, or reduce the likelihood and frequency of HRG escape through containment methods are advisable, as are mitigation plans in the event of HRG escape to wild plants.

Semiochemistry Of Cabbage Bugs (Heteroptera: Pentatomidae: Eurydema And Murgada, Jeffrey R. Aldrich, James W. Avery, Chang-Joo Lee, Jennifer C. Graf, Dawn J. Harrison, Ferdinando Bin

United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service / University of Nebraska-Lincoln: Faculty Publications

The semiochemistry of the common North American pest of crucifers, Murgantia histrionica (Hahn) (the harlequin bug), and two related European species, Eurydema ventrale L. and E. oleraceum L., was investigated.

Leafy Spurge (Euphorbia Esula) Genotype Affects Gall Midge (Spurgia Esulae) Establishment, Rodney G. Lym, Scott Nissen, Martha Rowe, Donald J. Lee, Robert A. Masters

United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service / University of Nebraska-Lincoln: Faculty Publications

Greenhouse cage studies were conducted to determine the influence of shoot morphology and genetic variation on establishment of Spurgia sulae gall midge on seven leafy spurge genotypes. The genotypes were collected from South Dakota, North Dakota, Nebraska, Montana, Wyoming, Manitoba, and Austria. Genotypes from South Dakota and Nebraska were most susceptible to gall formation and had the highest larvae survival, while the genotypes from Montana and Manitoba were most resistant. Morphological characteristics of the leafy spurge stem tips, such as stem diameter leaf, length, width, and area did not correlate with gall formation or larvae survival. Chloroplast DNA restriction fragment …

Phenolic And Lignin Concentration As An Indicator Of Resistance To Phytophthora Cinnamomi In Banksia Species, Sandra Jane Nicoski

Theses : Honours

Phytophthora cinnamomi Rands, a soilborne fungus, is regarded as one of the most devastating pathogens yet recorded in natural ecosystems. The disease, caused by P. cinnamomi, poses an enormous threat to the flora of the southwest. The Proteaceae, in particular, contribute considerably to species richness and provide the fundamental floristic structure of many south-western plant communities. The genus Banksia, a member of the Proteaceae, is very susceptible to disease caused by P. cinnamomi. Three species, namely B. attenuata, B. grandis and B. menziesii. Were established in an aeroponics system under glasshouse conditions. Trials were conducted to optimise growing conditions in …

Toxin Producing Phytoplankton In Chesapeake Bay, Harold G. Marshall

Biological Sciences Faculty Publications

Three diatoms and nine dinoflagellates, known to be associated with toxin production, have been identified within Chesapeake Bay. Over the past several decades this number has increased to its present level so that they now represent approximately 1.7% the total number of phytoplankton species reported for the Bay.

The Effects Of Herbicides On Microbial And Mycorrhizal Populations In Native Prairie, Corn, And Non-Native Prairie Vegetation, Using The Biolog Technique, Susann E. Ahrabi-Fard

Dissertations and Theses @ UNI

Soil bioremediation has primarily focused on the use of free living, actively growing microorganisms to degrade toxic organic substances. Recently, however, plants and rhizosphere activity, including mycorrhizal fungi have been increasingly studied to determine the role that consortial assemblages may play in bioremediation. While the enhanced absorbtion of nutrients, water, and minerals by mycorrhizal fungi has been well documented, less is known about their role in the degradation of soil contaminants. Using the Biolog plate technique, microbial communities were characterized in Native Prairie, Corn, and Non-Native Prairie vegetative strips prior to, and after two applications of Acetachlor, Alachlor, and Atrazine. …

A Review Of The Nearctic Species Of The Thrips-Attacking Genus Ceranisus Walker (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae), S. V. Triapitsyn, David H. Headrick

Horticulture and Crop Science

The thrips-attacking Eulophidae (subfamily Entedoninae) known from the Nearctic region are reviewed. One new species, Ceranisus loomansi, is described. Four other species of Ceranisus are redescribed and illustrated based mainly on a study of their type specimens as well as on additional material from Arizona, California, Hawaii, Mississippi and Japan. Lectotypes are designated for Ceranisus americensis (Girault), C. nubilipennis (Williams) and C. russelli (Crawford). A key to eight species belonging to four entedonine thrips-attacking genera is given, and host associations are indicated for those species.

Bulletin No. 34: Tidal Marshes Of Long Island Sound: Ecology, History And Restoration, Glenn D. Dreyer, William A. Niering

Bulletins

No abstract provided.

Nebline, December 1995

NEBLINE Newsletter Archive from Nebraska Extension in Lancaster County

Horticulture

Rural $ense

Family Living

4-H & Youth

Environmental Focus

Community & Leadership Development

Extension Calendar

Expanded Food and Nutrition Education Program (EFNEP)

Nebraska Association for Family and Community Education News

and other extension news and event

The Prairie Naturalist Volume 27, No.4 December 1995

The Prairie Naturalist

NEW DISTRIBUTIONAL RECORDS FOR MAMMALS IN KANSAS · D. W Sparks and J. R. Choate

CLAY-COLORED SPARROWS IN NORTH DAKOTA PARASITIZED BY BROWN-HEADED COWBIRDS ▪ G. P. Romig and R. D. Crawford

A NOTEWORTHY RECORD AND THE BREEDING DISTRIBUTION OF THE BLUE GROSBEAK IN NORTH DAKOTA ▪ L. D. Igl

NEAR LONGEVITY RECORD FOR THE SNOW GOOSE ▪ M T. Koenen and D. M. Leslie, Jr.

COMPARISON OF WATER CONSUMPTION BETWEEN TWO GRASSLAND EMBERIZIDS ▪ J. L. Zimmerman

FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH DECLINING PROPORTION OF CITIZENS HUNTING IN SOUTH DAKOTA ▪ N. J. Dietz, K. F. Higgins, and R. D. Mendelsohn …

Southeast South Dakota Experiment Farm Annual Progress Report, 1995, Agricultural Experiment Station

Agricultural Experiment Station and Research Farm Annual Reports

This thirty-fifth annual report of the research program at the Southeast South Dakota Experiment Farm has special significance for those engaged in agriculture and the agriculturally related businesses in the nine county area of southeast South Dakota. Reports in this document include information on: temperatures and precipitation data, corn production and performance, soybean research and planting, soil testing, alfalfa yield test, fertilizer testing, herbicide research, crop rotation, sorghum, small grains, livestock research, and pest and weed control.

United States Patent, Number: 5,466,788: Subgenomic Promoter, Paul G. Ahlquist, Roy C. French

Department of Plant Pathology: Faculty Publications

A subgenomic promoter of a positive strand RNA virus is disclosed which directs the amplified expression of a structural gene in plant tissue. The core region and an upstream activating domain of the subgenomic promoter are identified. This promoter can be utilized in a modified virus, or in an appropriate engineered recombinant DNA derivative, which may be chromosomally integrated or maintained as an episome in transformed cells.