Digital Commons Network^™

Mapping And Analysing The Diversity Of The Genus Acantholimon Taxa In Turkey By Geographic Information Systems (Gis), Hakan Mete Doğan, Musa Doğan, Gali̇p Akaydin, Ferhat Celep

Turkish Journal of Botany

We describe the spatial distribution of the genus Acantholimon Boiss. (Plumbaginaceae) taxa in Turkey, and assess the role that environmental variables may be playing on this distribution. We collected a large number of specimens from 418 geo-referenced sampling sites between 2000 and 2004, and established a point database using geographic information systems (GIS) software. As a result, we identified and mapped 67 taxa; 43 of the determined taxa appear to be endemic. We re-evaluated the current conservation status of the taxa at a national level using recent IUCN Red List categories. In addition, we extracted the corresponding environmental variables of …

Population Dynamics Of Parthenium Hysterophorus (Asteraceae) And Its Biological Suppression Through Cassia Occidentalis (Caesalpiniaceae), Jai Knox, Disha Jaggi, Manoj Stephen Paul

Turkish Journal of Botany

Phytosociological analysis performed over 2005 to 2009 revealed that Cassia occidentalis L. is a dominant species at 3 of 4 sites in Agra district, India, that were previously observed to be dominated by heavy populations of Parthenium hysterophorus L. In order to determine the role of biomolecular interaction, i.e. the allelopathic effect, if any, on this shift of floral pattern effects, aqueous shoot and root cold leachates were determined on seed germination, shoot cut bioassay, seedling bioassay, chlorophyll, nitrogen, and protein content of P. hysterophorus. A significant reduction in germination percentage, shoot cut bioassay, seedling bioassay, and chlorophyll of P. …

A Syntaxonomical Study On The Scrub, Forest, And Stepe Vegetation Of The Kızılırmak Valley, Hasan Korkmaz, Ali̇ Engi̇n, Hamdi̇ Güray Kutbay, Erkan Yalçin

Turkish Journal of Botany

The scrub, forest, and steppe vegetation of the Kızılırmak valley situated between Kepez gorge and Devrez stream was investigated based on the traditional Braun-Blanquet method, and mainly new associations and subassociations were identified and classified. The syntaxonomic scheme was as follows: Quercetea ilicis Br.-Bl. ex A. de Bolòs Y Vayreda 1950 Quercetalia ilicis Br.-Bl. 1947 1-Cotino coggyriae-Pinetum brutiae ass. nova 2-Buxo sempervirentis-Arbutetum unedonis Karaer et al. 2010 3-Spiraeo crenatae-Oleetum sylvestris Karaer et al. 2010 4-Rubo sancti-Viticetum agni-casti ass. nova Quercetea pubescentis Doing-Kraft ex Scamoni & Passarage 1959 Querco cerridis-Carpinetalia orientalis Akman, Quézel & Barbéro 1980 Carpino betuli-Acerion hyrcani Quézel, Barbéro …

Silene Hamzaoglui (Caryophyllaceae), A New Species From Çekerek (Yozgat, Turkey), Ümi̇t Budak, Murat Koç

Turkish Journal of Botany

Silene hamzaoglui Budak sp. nova is described as a new species from Çekerek (Yozgat, Turkey). The specimen was collected from calcareous rocky places, at an altitude between 1140 and 1180 m. The new species is similar to Silene duralii Y.Bağcı and Silene capillipes Boiss. & Heldr. The differences among these 3 species are discussed.

New Records Of Lichens And Lichenicolous Fungi For Russia And The Caucasus, Gennadii Urbanavichus, Aminat Gabibova, Aziz Ismailov

Turkish Journal of Botany

Four species of lichens and 11 species of lichenicolous fungi are reported from the Republic of Daghestan for the first time for the Caucasus region. Of these, 7 taxa are new to Russia: Caloplaca badioreagens Tretiach & Muggia, Caloplaca polycarpa (A.Massal.) Zahlbr., Lichenothelia renobalesiana D.Hawksw. & V.Atienza, Stigmidium rouxianum Calat. & Triebel, Toninia episema (Nyl.) Timdal, Toninia leptogii Timdal, and Verrucaria latericola Erichsen. Comments on their geographic distribution, habitats, substrate, and comparisons with morphologically similar taxa are presented.

Additional Macrofungi Records From Trabzon Province For The Mycobiota Of Turkey, Ilgaz Akata, Mehmet Gökhan Halici, Yasi̇n Uzun

Turkish Journal of Botany

Four macrofungi taxa (Conocybe filaris (Fr.) Kühner, Hygrocybe glutinipes (J.E.Lange) R.Haller Aar. var. glutinipes, Inocybe calospora Quél., and I. margaritispora (Berk.) Sacc.) collected from Trabzon province are reported from Turkey for the first time. Comments on their habitats and substrata and a short diagnosis are provided for each new taxon new to Turkey.

A New Species Of The Genus Cota (Asteraceae) From Uludağ, Turkey, Mehmet Ufuk Özbek, Meci̇t Vural, Ruzi̇ye Daşkin

Turkish Journal of Botany

Cota hamzaoglui U.Özbek & Vural (Asteraceae, Anthemideae) is described as a new species from Uludağ in the Bursa province of Turkey. Information given on the new species includes a Latin diagnosis, taxonomic description, line drawing, and several photographs, as well as comments on the species' geographical distribution, including a map, and its affinity to Cota oxylepis Boiss. and C. fulvida (Grierson) Holub.

Salvia Brachyantha Subsp. Tankutiana (Lamiaceae), A New Subspecies From Central Anatolia, Safi Bagherpour, Ferhat Celep, Ahmet Kahraman, Musa Doğan

Turkish Journal of Botany

As an initial part of a revisional study based on the genus Salvia L. (Lamiaceae), extensive field studies, herbarium and literature surveys have been conducted on the basis of the S. brachyantha (Bordz.) Pobed and S. modesta Boiss. in order to understand their taxonomic status. As a result of the present study, S. brachyantha and S. modesta are accepted as distinct species. Moreover, S. brachyantha subsp. tankutiana Bagherpour, Celep, Kahraman & Doğan subsp. nova is first described from central Anatolia, Turkey. The diagnostic morphological and micromorphological characters of S. brachyantha subsp. brachyantha, S. brachyantha subsp. tankutiana and S. modesta are …

Comparative Leaf Anatomy Of The Genus Hordeum L. (Poaceae), Dudu Özlem Mavi̇, Musa Doğan, Evren Cabi̇

Turkish Journal of Botany

The genus Hordeum L., one of the most economically important cereal crops in the tribe Triticeae, has a worldwide distribution mainly in temperate and dry regions of the world. In Turkey, Hordeum is represented by 12 taxa, namely Hordeum violaceum Boiss. & Hohen., H. geniculatum All., H. marinum var. marinum, H. marinum Hudson var. pubescent (Guss.) Nevski, H. murinum L. subsp. murinum, H. murinum subsp. glaucum (Steudel) Tzvelev, H. murinum subsp. leporinum (Link) Arc. var. leporinum, H. murinum subsp. leporinum var. simulans Bowden, H. bulbosum L., H. spontaneum K.Koch, H. distichon L., and H. vulgare L. The main objective of …

Studies On The Anatomical Structure Of Stems Of Willow (Salix L.) Species (Salicaceae) Growing In Ankara Province, Turkey, Okan Arihan, Ayşegül Köroğlu

Turkish Journal of Botany

This study was conducted on the anatomical structure of the stems of 9 Salix L. (willow) species (9 taxa) growing in Ankara, Turkey. These taxa are S. triandra L. subsp. triandra, S. alba L., S. excelsa J.F.Gmel., S. fragilis L., S. babylonica L., S. caprea L., S. cinerea L., S. pseudomedemii E.Wolf, and S. amplexicaulis Bory & Chaub. Illustrations and photographs were obtained of microscopic views of cross sections from the stems of each taxon. The differing anatomical structures of stems of the Salix species are suitable for use as an additional tool in identification. Our aim was to contribute …

A Comparative Assessment Of Fruit Formation In Some Orchid Species From The Southern Caucasus Region, Houshang Nosrati, Roghieh Hajiboland, Ahmad Razban-Haghighi, Maryam Nikniazi

Turkish Journal of Botany

The distribution and population size of 5 orchid species (Cephalanthera longifolia, Orchis simia, Platanthera bifolia, Dactylorhiza romana, and Ophrys scolopax) were studied in the southern Caucasus based on the individual numbers in a given area. The fruit set was recorded for the latter 3 species and compared in natural and control groups (pollinators prevented) for D. romana and O. scolopax. We compared the obtained fruit set values with those reported from other regions. The distributions of the 5 species were completely fragmented and the population sizes were extremely small. This is the first report of O. scolopax from the region, …

New Cercidospora Records For Turkey, Mehmet Candan, Mehmet Gökhan Halici

Turkish Journal of Botany

Three lichenicolous species of Cercidospora are reported for the first time from Turkey: Cercidospora crozalsiana on Squamarina lentigera, C. verrucosaria on Megaspora verrucosa, and C. werneri on Aspicilia desertorum. Comments on their morphological and anatomical characters, habitats, and substrata and a short diagnosis are provided for each new record for Turkey. Microphotographs are also provided for each taxon.

Fruit And Seed Morphology Of Six Species Previously Placed In Malcolmia (Brassicaceae) In Turkey And Their Taxonomic Value, Ayla Kaya, Murat Ünal, Fevzi̇ Özgökçe, Beki̇r Doğan, Esra Marti̇n

Turkish Journal of Botany

The fruit and seed morphologies of 6 species previously placed in the genus Malcolmia W.T.Aiton were examined with stereomicroscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) in order to determine the significance of fruit and seed features as taxonomic characters. This study presents macro- and micromorphological characters, including fruit and seed shape, size, colour, fruiting pedicel size, fruit hair and density, seed coat pattern, epidermal cell shape, and anticlinal and periclinal cell walls. The results showed that the morphological characteristics of the fruit and seed could be used as criteria to distinguish genera and tribes. The investigated features of specimens indicated that …

Comparative Micromorphological And Phytochemical Studies On The Roots Of Three Viburnum (Caprifoliaceae) Species, Kathiresan Prabhu, Pradip Kumar Karar, Siva Hemalatha, Kathiresan Ponnudurai

Turkish Journal of Botany

In this study, the roots of Viburnum punctatum Buch.-Ham. ex D.Don, Viburnum coriaceum Blume, and Viburnum erubescens Wall. ex DC. were collected from the Nilgiri and Coimbatore hills in Tamil Nadu, India. Transverse sections of plant roots were prepared with the aid of a rotary microtome. The sections, each at a thickness of 10 µm, were stained and fixed in Canada balsam and the morphoanatomical features of each specimen were noted. The specimens were powdered using a mechanical grinder and were mounted in suitable media for starch grains, sclereids, druses, fibres, and vessels. Morphoanatomical features of diagnostic importance were recorded …

New Chromosome Counts Of Genus Stachys (Lamiaceae) From Turkey, Esra Marti̇n, Özlem Çeti̇n, Ekrem Akçi̇çek, Tuncay Di̇rmenci̇

Turkish Journal of Botany

Somatic chromosome numbers of 26 Stachys L. taxa (14 species, 11 subspecies, and 1 varietas), collected from different localities in Turkey, were counted for the first time, except for Stachys byzantina C.Koch and S. thirkei C.Koch. In this study, all of the Stachys taxa determined were somatic with chromosome numbers counted as 2n = 30. This research has made a contribution to the taxonomic revision of the genus Stachys in Turkey.

Breeding Systems And Reproductive Success On Salvia Smyrnaea, Ümi̇t Subaşi, Aykut Güvensen

Turkish Journal of Botany

The reproductive ecology of Salvia smyrnaea Boiss. (Lamiaceae) on Mount Nif along with their breeding system and reproductive success were examined. S. smyrnaea, distributed over Mount Nif (İzmir Province) at an altitude of 1510 m, is the study material of this research. To detect the stigma receptivity, the Perex test was applied to 25 young and mature flowers. To detect pollen viability, the MTT method was used. To detect the fertilisation type of the taxon S. smyrnaea, 5 different fertilisation methods were tested on the flowers of the plant. Breeding success was assessed through nutlet formation. While the enzyme activity …

New Records In The Alien Flora Of Romania (Artemisia Argyi, A. Lavandulaefolia) And Europe (A. Lancea), Culita Sirbu, Adrian Oprea

Turkish Journal of Botany

Artemisia lancea Vaniot, A. argyi H.Lév. & Vaniot, and A. lavandulaefolia DC., all native from eastern Asia, are reported as new alien taxa from Romania. A. lancea has not been recorded so far in Europe, while A. argyi and A. lavandulaefolia are naturalised in the European part of the former USSR. All 3 species were collected in the Socola railway yard in northeastern Romania; the specimens were deposited in the IASI Herbarium, at the University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Iaşi. Their introduction was accidental, through the rail transport from the former USSR. The 3 species are perennial herbs, …

Nebline, January 2011

NEBLINE Newsletter Archive from Nebraska Extension in Lancaster County

Feature: Tightening Your Belt in Tough Times

Farm Views

Horticulture

Food & Fitness

Home & Family Living

Environmental Focus

Urban Agriculture

4-H & Youth

Community Focus

Extension Calendar

Nutrition Education Program

Family and Community Education (FCE) Clubs

and other extension news and events

Annual Report Special Pullout Section

Giant Viruses, James L. Van Etten

James Van Etten Publications

The common view of viruses, mostly true, is of tiny burglars that sneak into cells, grab the biosynthetic controls and compel the cell to make huge numbers of progeny that break out of the cell and keep the replication cycle going. Viruses are supposed to be diminutive even compared to cells that are just a micrometer (1,000 nanometers) in diameter. They are supposed to travel light, making do with just a few well-adapted genes.

In 1992, a new microorganism was isolated from a power-plant cooling tower in Bradford, England, where Timothy Robotham, a microbiologist at Leeds Public Health Laboratory, was …

In Situ Generated Colloid Transport Of Cu And Zn In Reclaimed Mine Soil Profiles Associated With Biosolids Application, Jarrod O. Miller, Anastasios D. Karathanasis, Christopher J. Matocha

Plant and Soil Sciences Faculty Publications

Areas reclaimed for agricultural uses following coal mining often receive biosolids applications to increase organic matter and fertility. Transport of heavy metals within these soils may be enhanced by the additional presence of biosolids colloids. Intact monoliths from reclaimed and undisturbed soils in Virginia and Kentucky were leached to observe Cu and Zn mobility with and without biosolids application. Transport of Cu and Zn was observed in both solution and colloid associated phases in reclaimed and undisturbed forest soils, where the presence of unweathered spoil material and biosolids amendments contributed to higher metal release in solution fractions. Up to 81% …

Distributions And Abundances Of Microstegium Vimineum Along Forest Roadsides At The Grassy Hill Natural Area, Franklin County, Virginia, Gregory D. Turner

Virginia Journal of Science

In summer 2005, plots were surveyed along roads passing through forest habitats at the Grassy Hill Natural Area Preserve in Franklin County, Virginia to assess the distributions and abundances of Microstegium vimineum in transects located at increasing distances away from roadsides into forest interiors. Across plots, Microstegium was encountered almost exclusively in roadside transects, where abundances were relatively high. While forest composition and topographic features were similar across plots, percent canopy cover and leaf litter depth were greater in interior compared to roadside transects due to undisturbed tree canopies and ground cover located in interior plot areas. Results imply that …

Spider Cognition, Robert R. Jackson, Fiona R. Cross

All Peer-Reviewed Publications

Spiders, having minute brains, were once considered simple, instinct-driven automatons, but research on spider biology is revealing increasing evidence of their cognitive abilities. In this review, we discuss the complex, flexible behaviour of spiders, especially salticids, and highlight how sometimes the cognitive character of spider behaviour closely parallels that of much bigger animals. This includes the use of selective attention (both visual and olfactory) and the use of planned detours. The implications of these findings, and how they relate to bigger issues traditionally associated with big-brain animals, such as 'representation' and 'mind', are discussed. Also discussed are issues relating to …

Cloning, Expression Analysis, And Transformation Vector Construction Of Dam Homologs In Peach And Poplar, Yuhui Xie

All Theses

Genetic fine mapping and sequencing of the EVG locus in peach [Prunus persica (L.) Batsch] identified six tandem arrayed Dormancy-Associated MADS-box (DAM) genes as candidates for regulating growth cessation and terminal bud formation in the non-dormant evergrowing (evg) mutant. Since the mutant is lacking expression of six genes in the mapped locus, further functional analysis is needed to narrow the list of gene candidates for the non-dormant evg phenotype. Here I report three sets of experiments designed to functionally test DAM genes in peach and their homologs in a model tree, hybrid poplar.
First I constructed overexpression and knockdown vectors …

Instructions For Authors, Discovery Editors

Discovery, The Student Journal of Dale Bumpers College of Agricultural, Food and Life Sciences

No abstract provided.

Abundant Degenerate Miniature Inverted-Repeat Transposable Elements In Genomes Of Epichloid Fungal Endophytes Of Grasses, Damien J Fleetwood, Anar K Khan, Richard D Johnson, Carolyn A Young, Shipra Mittal, Ruth E Wrenn, Uljana Hesse, Simon J Foster, Christopher L. Schardl, Barry Scott

Plant Pathology Faculty Publications

Miniature inverted-repeat transposable elements (MITEs) are abundant repeat elements in plant and animal genomes; however, there are few analyses of these elements in fungal genomes. Analysis of the draft genome sequence of the fungal endophyte Epichloë festucae revealed 13 MITE families that make up almost 1% of the E. festucae genome, and relics of putative autonomous parent elements were identified for three families. Sequence and DNA hybridization analyses suggest that at least some of the MITEs identified in the study were active early in the evolution of Epichloë but are not found in closely related genera. Analysis of MITE integration …

Morphological, Chemical, And Molecular Analyses Of Turkish Papaver Accessions (Sect. Oxytona), İskender Parmaksiz, Sebahatti̇n Özcan

Turkish Journal of Botany

The species of the section Oxytona Bernh., classified under the genus Papaver L., are of great importance due to their medical alkaloid contents such as morphine, codeine, and thebaine. A clearly established classification system is not available for Oxytona species. The aim of this study was to find relationships among 53 accessions belonging to 3 important Oxytona species, i.e. Papaver bracteatum Lindl., P. orientale L., and P. pseudo-orientale (Fedde) Medw., using 19 different morphological characters, 1 chemical character, and 15 random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers. Nineteen characters, including bract and sepal leaves, petal marks, and capsule shape and size …

Micromorphological Studies On Nutlet And Leaf Indumentum Of Genus Teucrium L. (Lamiaceae) In Iran, Maryam Eshratifar, Farideh Attar, Kazem Mahdigholi

Turkish Journal of Botany

The micromorphology of leaf indumentum and nutlet surface of 12 species belonging to the 6 sections of the genus Teucrium L. was studied by scanning electron microscope (SEM). Eight types of trichomes are identified including unbranched unicellular trichomes, unbranched multicellular trichomes, sessile glands, subsessile glands, stalked-multicellular glands long clavate glandular trichomes (with 3-5 cells), trichomes with large thin-wall, trichomes with non-micropapillate basal cell, which are the most general types on the adaxial side of the leaves, and branched trichome with long axis is the exclusive type and present in Teucrium polium L. Thus, trichomes can be used as a distinctive …

Bark Anatomy Of Quercus Cerris L. Var. Cerris From Turkey, Ali̇ Umut Şen, Teresa Quilhó, Helena Pereira

Turkish Journal of Botany

Quercus cerris L. var. cerris has a conspicuous bark which is generally thicker than that of other Quercus L. species in Turkey. The present study aimed to provide detailed anatomical characterisation of the bark of this species, which is necessary to assess its potential. The anatomical studies were conducted on the bark samples of nine 70- to 80-year-old trees growing in 3 sites of Andırın district from Kahramanmaraş province in Turkey. For microscopic observation transverse and longitudinal sections were prepared and individual specimens were taken for maceration. The bark is composed of phloem, periderm, and a very substantial rhytidome. The …

Cicer Uludereensis Dönmez: A New Species Of Cicer (Chickpea) (Fabaceae) From Around The Fertile Crescent, Se Turkey, Ali̇ Aslan Dönmez

Turkish Journal of Botany

The genus Cicer L. includes an important crop plant, chickpea, which has been used as a protein source since prehistoric times. Specimens of a native Cicer have been collected and described from south-east Turkey. This new species, Cicer uludereensis Dönmez sp. nova, is distinct from a closely allied species, Cicer isauricum P.H.Davis, by its fine and more numerous teeth per leaflet, larger stipules, and narrower fruit with almost smooth seed surface. An illustration and a distribution map of the new species are provided and observations on the population are discussed.

Pollen Morphology Of The Genus Seseli L. (Umbelliferae) In Turkey, Ebru Doğan Güner, Hayri̇ Duman, Nur Münevver Pinar

Turkish Journal of Botany

Morphological features of pollen of 11 Turkish taxa belonging to the complex genus Seseli L. were examined using light and scanning electron microscopy. On the basis of exine sculpturing, 3 main types were recognised in Seseli: Type 1, rugulate at equator, psilate-perforate at pole; Type 2, striate-reticulate at equator, rugulate at pole; and Type 3, rugulate at equator, striate at pole. The study revealed that palynological characters display taxonomic significance in the genus.