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Sexual And Vegetative Recruitment Of Trembling Aspen Following A High-Severity Boreal Wildfire, Denyse A. Dawe, Ellen Whitman, Michael Michaelian, Alan J. Tepley, Marc-André Parisien

Aspen Bibliography

Background High-severity fire is rare in trembling aspen-dominated forests of the boreal region. The post-fire recruitment strategy of aspen, by either vegetative suckering or sexually (i.e., by seed), has considerable implications for subsequent forest structure, genetic diversity, and ecological resilience to shifting climatic and disturbance regimes. In this study, we take advantage of the unique opportunity provided by the Chuckegg Creek Wildfire Fire (310,000 ha) in northern Alberta, Canada, which burned at high severity through aspen stands before and after spring green-up, to document how phenology, fire severity, and stand characteristics affect recruitment one year following the fire.

Results We …

Factors Impacting The Variability Of Post-Fire Forest Regeneration In Central European Pine Plantations, Florent Jouy, Maren Schüle, Yojana Adhikari, Anja Binder, Danica Clerc, Werner Gerwin, Thilo Heinken, Thomas Raab, Frank Repmann, Susanne Rönnefarth, Marina Schirrmacher, Marie-Therese Schmehl, Jens Schröder, Pierre L. Ibisch

Aspen Bibliography

Fire is increasingly posing a risk to forests and plantations, even in the temperate latitudes of central Europe. Little is known about fire ecology in this region, and therefore, appropriate approaches for the management and reforestation of burned sites are mostly lacking. In a Scots pine plantation region in Brandenburg (northeast Germany), the early tree regeneration of two nearby areas that burned 1 year apart was investigated. We observed that 3 years after the fire events, the forest in one study area showed a relatively high regeneration with a mean density of 7765 saplings/ha, clearly dominated by European aspen (93%); …

Lethal And Sublethal Effects Of Cotton Expressing Single And Pyramided Proteins Of Bacillus Thuringiensis (Bt) On Helicoverpa Armigera (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), Spodoptera Litura (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), And Spodoptera Frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), Sharna Holman, Paul Grundy, Helen Spafford, Michael Furlong

Grain and Other Field Crops Research Articles

The susceptibility to proteins from Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) can vary among lepidopteran pest species. While Bollgard 3 cotton (BG3) effectively controls the primary pest Helicoverpa armigera (Hübner) in Australia, its effectiveness against other pests, such as Spodoptera litura (Fabricius) and Spodoptera frugiperda (J. E. Smith), is unknown. This laboratory study assessed the survival and development of H. armigera, S. litura, and S. frugiperda larvae when fed foliage from a non-transgenic cotton variety (CC) and 3 transgenic cotton varieties: Bollgard (BG1) expressing Cry1Ac, Bollgard II (BG2) expressing Cry1Ac and Cry2Ab, and Bollgard 3 (BG3) expressing Cry1Ac, Cry2Ab, and Vip3A. Pyramided …

Transcriptome Analysis Reveals Nutrient Deprivation Reduces Nitrate Content In Lettuce (Lactuca Sativa Var. Ramosa Hort.) And Enhances Nitrogen Metabolism, Yingying Zhang, Xuena Liu, Shikai La, Mingjiao Wang, Xu Hu, Ainoug Shi, Jinghuai Guo, Lingdi Dong

Horticulture Faculty Publications and Presentations

Introduction Excessive nitrate accumulation in leafy vegetables poses health risks and indicates inefficient nitrogen use in conventional agriculture. While nitrogen metabolism has been extensively studied, the molecular mechanisms linking nutrient deprivation to nitrate reduction in vegetables remain unclear. Methods In this study, we investigated these mechanisms in lettuce (Lactuca sativa var. ramosa Hort.) by analyzing nitrate content and gene expression in leaves and roots under nutrient deprivation. Results After five days of treatment, nitrate content decreased by 57.49% in leaves and 50.77% in roots. Transcriptome sequencing identified 323 and 3,494 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in leaves and roots, respectively, with …

Pollinator Plant Communities Within Restored Montane Longleaf Pine Ecosystems, Hanen Van Rossem

Master's Theses

Historically the fire-dependent and biodiverse longleaf pine (Pinus palustris) ecosystem was the dominant ecosystem of the Southeastern US. This ecosystem’s range was massively reduced due to land conversion and fire exclusion, causing the decline of many native species. Efforts to restore and protect longleaf pine stands are now ongoing with the goal of expanding habitat and refuge for threatened species. Differences in restoration practices and prior land use may influence the extent to which restored habitat patches can support pollinators and their plants. This study compared pollinator plant biodiversity between restored neighboring montane longleaf pine stands that differed in …

Causes Of Heterozygosity Excess: The Case Of Mexican Populations Of Populus Tremuloides, Javier Hernández-Velasco, José Ciro Hernández-Díaz, Sergio Leonel Simental-Rodríguez, Juan P. Jaramillo-Correa, David S. Gernandt, José Jesús Vargas-Hernández, Ilga Porth, Roos Goessen, M. Socorro Gonzáles-Elizondo, Matthias Fladung, Cuauhtémoc Sáenz-Romero, José Guadalupe Martínez-Ávalos, Artemio Carrillo-Parra, Eduardo Mendoza-Maya, Arnulfo Blanco-García, Christian Wehenkel

Aspen Bibliography

The presence of heterozygous individuals in a population is crucial for maintaining genetic diversity, which can positively affect fitness and adaptability to environmental changes. While inbreeding generally reduces the proportion of heterozygous individuals in a population, polyploidy tends to increase the proportion. North American Populus tremuloides is one of the most widely distributed and ecologically important tree species in the Northern Hemisphere. However, genetic variation in Mexican populations of P. tremuloides, including the genetic signatures of their adaptation to a variety of environments, remains largely uncharacterized. The aim of this study was to analyze how inbreeding coefficient (F …

Evaluation Of Plant Growth Regulators On Sweetpotato Slip Propagation, Kerington Lyn Bass

Theses and Dissertations

Sweetpotato production is often impacted by high mortality of slips during transplantation to the field, particularly with greenhouse-grown slips. These slips develop thinner stems, thus being more vulnerable to transplant shock, resulting in reduced establishment. To address this issue, the study evaluated the effects of four plant growth regulators on the morphological and anatomical characteristics of sweetpotato slips. In the first experiment, external growth parameters were recorded over four weeks, followed by post-harvest assessments of plant and root material. In the second experiment, the widths of various stem structures in stained cross-sections of slip stems were measured. Results showed that …

Natural Microbial Consortium Construction Strategy From Rhizospheric Agricultural Soils To Improve Wheat (Triticum Durum Desf.) Seedling Growth, Ni̇da Arslan, Mi̇ne Gül Şeker, Özlem Akkaya, Yelda Özden Çi̇ftçi̇

Turkish Journal of Botany

Microbial consortia of compatible microorganisms play a key role in enhancing agricultural sustainability by optimizing nutrient uptake by promoting plant growth more effectively. This study aimed to identify local isolates with the most effective plant growth-promoting (PGP) properties and to form a consortium of isolates showing the optimal synergistic effect between plant and bacterial components to improve the growth of wheat plants. For this purpose, 48 isolates identified from 145 isolates were screened for their PGP activities. According to the results, 16S rRNA gene sequencing was performed to identify the six isolates exhibiting the most promising activity. Different consortium groups …

Molecular Crosstalk Of Transcription Factors And Hormones In Drought Tolerance Genes In Plants, Cengi̇z Kaya

Turkish Journal of Botany

Water deficit is a critical challenge to global agricultural productivity and food security, which is exacerbated by climate change and increasing water scarcity. To withstand drought stress, plants employ a variety of molecular strategies driven by complex regulatory networks. This review examines the central role of transcription factors (TFs) as master regulators that activate drought responsive genes, which in turn mediate key adaptive processes such as osmoregulation, antioxidative defense, and membrane stability. A distinctive aspect of this review is its focus on the dynamic interplay between TFs and hormonal signaling pathways, including abscisic acid, ethylene, salicylic acid, and jasmonic acid. …

Ecological Assessment Of Lentic Ecosystems In Ceyhan River Basin Using Phytoplankton Indices, Abuzer Çelekli̇, Emi̇ne Yonca Gümüş, Tolga Çeti̇n

Turkish Journal of Botany

Increasing exploitation of water resources has led to declining water quality in aquatic environments. Freshwater ecosystems face various environmental pressures, such as the impacts of climate change and intensifying land-use practices. This study aimed to assess the ecological preferences of phytoplankton communities and determine the ecological status (ES) of several reservoirs and lakes in Ceyhan River Basin across different seasons. A canonical correspondence analysis was conducted to understand the associations between phytoplankton assemblages and stressors in freshwater ecosystems, revealing a strong correlation of 97%. The factors that most influenced the distribution of phytoplankton species were electrical conductivity (EC), temperature, total …

Genome-Wide Association Of Gene Regions Controlling Selenium And Magnesium Accumulation In Walnuts (Juglans Regia L.), İrem Büyükalgan, Bülent Yağmur, Erdal Orman, Muhammed Bahatti̇n Tanyolaç, Duygu Ateş

Turkish Journal of Botany

Walnut (Juglans regia L.) is one of the most economically important species. It is of great importance to the food industry due to its nutritional value, and high content of many beneficial components such as macro and microelements. In the current study, the aim was to determine markers of single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) associated with the gene(s) controlling the accumulation of Selenium (Se) and Magnesium (Mg) in walnuts. Se and Mg concentrations were measured in 154 genotypes of Juglans regia in 2021 and 2022. A total of 16,473 SNP markers were used for association mapping to analyze the marker-trait associations. …

A New Coralloid Arecoid Palm Root Mat From The Deccan Intertrappean Beds Of India And Its Significance, Sanchita Kumar, Robert Spicer, Mahasin Ali Khan

Turkish Journal of Botany

A new fossil-species of coralloid palm root mat under the organ genus Rhizopalmoxylon is reported from the latest Maastrichtian (Late Cretaceous) to earliest Danian (Early Palaeocene) sediments (c. 66–65Ma) of the Deccan Intertrappean Beds of Madhya Pradesh, Central India. The significant anatomical attributes, specifically an exodermis comprising 2–4 layered parenchymatous cells; a 5–8 layered homogeneous outer cortex, a highly lacunate inner cortex central diffuse layer of aerenchyma with well-developed radially elongated cells arranged in 2–4 rows, and a stele consisting of radial and exarch vascular bundles with proto and metaxylem strands reveal its close resemblance to root mats of extant …

Complete Genome Analyses Of A Novel Narlivirus Identified In The Ectomycorrhizal Fungus Amanita Vidua, Ilgaz Akata, Eda Kumru, Gülce Edi̇ş, Ertuğrul Kaya, Ergi̇n Şahi̇n

Turkish Journal of Botany

The widespread utilisation of deep sequencing has dramatically enhanced and revolutionised our understanding of virus diversity, particularly in complex environments such as soil and biological samples. This research explored mycovirus sequence analyses in the ectomycorrhizal fungus Amanita vidua, utilising deep sequencing alongside total double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) extractions. Our investigation unveiled a unique member of the proposed family, Narliviridae, designated as Amanita vidua narlivirus 1 (AvNV1), in an A. vidua specimen. AvNV1, classified under Amabiliviricetes, possesses a distinct genome structure and sequence attributes. T horough analyses indicated that AvNV1 exhibits sequence similarities with other mycoviruses from the proposed family Narliviridae and …

Unveiling The Physical Interaction Between Gsnor1 And Trx-H Isoforms, Anika Tabassum, Gary J. Loake

Turkish Journal of Botany

This study aims to investigate any possible interaction between two highly conserved regulators of cellular SNO levels: S-nitrosoglutathione reductase (GSNOR1) and thioredoxin (TRX). These two enzymes control global S-nitrosylation levels and thus impact the cellular redox state during immune responses. A mutant line (Δtrx1trx2sfa1) of Saccharomyces cerevisiae MaV203 strain was generated to explore this possibility rather than using a classical strain. We identified and characterized the physical interaction between GSNOR1 and Arabidopsis cytosolic h isoforms in a yeast two-hybrid screen. Out of the seven TRX isoforms, AtGSNOR1 displayed a high interaction with AtTRXh3, AtTRXh4, and AtTRXh5 (AtTRXh5>AtTRXh4 & AtTRXh3). …

A New Species From Türkiye: Erigeron Akaydinii (Asteraceae), Batikan Günal, Gürkan Semi̇z, Sultan Akyol

Turkish Journal of Botany

Erigeron akaydinii Günal & Semiz sp. nov., belonging to the Trimorpha Cass. (DC) section (Asteraceae), is described as a new species from Uludağ Mountain (Bursa, Türkiye). This study examines the diagnostic traits of E. akaydinii and related species, including morphological, palynological, and molecular analyses. Notes on the ecology, distribution, and conservation status of the new species are also provided, along with a diagnostic key for relevant taxa.

Taxonomic Revision Of Korean Salix Section Subviminales Based On Comparative Morphology And Complete Plastome Analysis, Young Moon Kim, Shukherdorj Baasanmunkh, Nudkhuu Nyamgerel, Won Seok Lee, Dong Chan Son, In Kyu Park, Bom Bi Jin, Hyo Sig Won, Hyeok Jae Choi

Turkish Journal of Botany

Salix section Subviminales, including only three species, is endemic to East Asia. In this study, we revised three species, S. gracilistyla, S. graciliglans, and S. blinii in Korea based on their plastomes and extensive morphological analyses to provide a comprehensive understanding of their taxonomic relationships. Based on our findings, we identified the morphological characteristics of S. blinii endemic to Korea, including its small size and distinct leaf shapes, which are well distinguished from both S. gracilistyla and S. graciliglans. Most of the morphological characteristics of S. gracilistyla and S. graciliglans overlapped, particularly leaf shape, floral structure, and growth habits. Next, …

Cover-Crop Effects On Near-Surface Soil Physical Properties,Infiltration, And Nematodes Over Time In The Lower Mississippiriver Valley, Cooper Fanning, Kristofor R. Brye, Mike Daniels, Trenton L. Roberts, Sam Fernandes, Lisa Wood

Crop, Soil and Environmental Sciences Faculty Publications and Presentations

Human population growth and climate change are stressors that continue to put pressure on current agricultural production systems. Cover crops (CC) as a means to improve soil health remain widely underused, particularly in the Lower Mississippi River Valley. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of CC on the change over time in near-surface bulk density, aggregate stability, total infiltration and steady-state infiltration rate, and nematode populations in eastern Arkansas. Averaged across depth, bulk density did not change over time under a no cover crop (NCC) treatment, but increased approximately 0.03 g cm-3 over time under CC. …

Proceedings Of The 12th Research Symposium At Mammoth Cave National Park, Pat Kambesis Editor, Lee Anne Bledsoe Editor, Ana K. Celis Editor

Mammoth Cave Research Symposia

Proceedings of the 12th Research Symposium at Mammoth Cave National Park: Celebrating 100 Years of Scientific Research & Resource Management in the Mammoh Cave Region.

Biochar Suppresses Growth, Pupation And Eclosion Success Of A Specialist (Manduca Sexta) And A Generalist (Spodoptera Frugiperda) Insect Herbivore, Nischal Wagle, Soumya Unnikrishnan, Satinderpal Kaur, Engil Pereira, Rupesh Kariyat

Entomology and Plant Pathology Faculty Publications and Presentations

Biochar is a charcoal-like substance made by the pyrolysis of organic material from agricultural and forestry waste. While biochar is well documented for altering soil physicochemical conditions, few studies have investigated its possible effects on the management of arthropod pests. Tobacco hornworm (Manduca sexta) and fall armyworm (Spodoptera frugiperda, FAW) are specialist and generalist insect herbivores respectively, that can cause significant defoliation in natural and agricultural ecosystems. In this study, we examined whether walnut shell biochar can affect growth and development of these herbivores. Specifically, we investigated how biochar influences parameters such as mass gain, length of pupation, pupal mass, …

Understanding Temporal Changes In Leaf Traits Of Native Smilax Rotundifolia And Invasive Lonicera Japonica Using Long-Term Herbarium Records From Kentucky, Claudia Ebbecke, Claudia Ebbecke

Honors College Theses

Herbarium specimens are the most valuable, verifiable, and sustainable records to study the impacts of climate change on natural ecosystems. Temporal herbarium data can provide critical information on how species respond to changes in habitat conditions by tracking changes in species’ morphological and phenological traits. This study aims to use Japanese honeysuckle (Lonicera japonica) and common greenbrier (Smilax rotundifolia) to assess the impact of climate change on invasive and native plants. Leaf traits, such as leaf size and stomatal density are good indicators of plant’s adaptation to the changing environment. By examining changes in leaf traits …

Sustainable Process Valorization For Bioactives From Invasive Plants Environmental Burden And Their Efficacy As Antimicrobial Agents, Shamprasad Br

Theses and Dissertations

Agri-food industries produce large quantities of fruit waste which are usually discarded and one such major beverage juice waste is Citrus waste. Likewise, invasive plants like Prosopis juliflora, which is richly distributed across Tamil Nadu, are underutilized for secondary metabolites/bioactives isolation. Halophytes are another rich source of bioactives present around mangrove forests and distributed in the salt rich marshy land.

1. Separation of phenylpropanoids from the Citrus waste through solvent extraction and pH-assisted precipitation was developed. The PPCM precipitated (phenylpropanoids form Citrus medica) were analysed by HPTLC and were found to contain Rutin, Naringin, Quercetin-3-beta-glycoside, Chlorogenic acid, Ferulic acid and optimization …

Comparative Three-Barcode Phylogenetics And Soil Microbiomes Of Planted And Wild Strawberry Trees., Flannery Mclamb, Armando Vazquez, Natalie Olander, Miguel F. Vasquez, Zuying Feng, Niharika Malhotra, Liisa Bozinovic, Karen Najera Ruiz, Katherine O'Connell, Joseph Stagg, Goran Bozinovic

Center for Life in Extreme Environments Publications

Taxonomic identification of closely related plants can be challenging due to convergent evolution, hybridization, and overlapping geographic distribution. To derive taxonomic relationships among planted and wild plants across a large geographic range, we complemented three standard plastid barcodes , , and with soil and fruit chemistry, soil microbiome, and plant morphology analyses. Soil and plant sampling included planted from manicured sites in Southern California, USA, wild plants from Southern and Northern California, and wild populations from Mediterranean island of Hvar, Croatia. We hypothesized that phenotypic variation within and between sites correlates with plants' genotype and geographic distribution. Similar fruit chemistry …

Monitoring Mangrove Dynamics And Evaluating Future Afforestation Potential In The Egyptian Red Sea, Rasha M. Abou Samra, Mansour Almazroui, Wenzhao Li, Hesham El-Askary

Mathematics, Physics, and Computer Science Faculty Articles and Research

Mangrove forests are vital for ecosystem services and coastal management but face stressors from anthropogenic activities and climate change. This study estimates the extent and afforestation potential of mangroves along the Egyptian Red Sea coast from 1984 to 2022 using NDVI derived from Landsat-5 and Sentinel-2 data in Google Earth Engine. Aboveground biomass (AGB), belowground biomass (BGB), carbon (C) stock, and CO₂ sequestration potential were evaluated using Sentinel-2 and elevation data. Future afforestation suitability (2020–2050) under SSP2-4.5 and SSP5-8.5 scenarios was assessed with the MaxEnt model. Mangrove area increased from 0.95 km² in 1984 to 1.46 km^{2 …}

Quantifying Dna Methylation In Response To Drought Stress In Silver Firs (Abies Alba), Julia K. Brandfonbrener

Biology Honors Projects

As future droughts are expected to increase in duration and severity due to climate change, forest managers may need to evaluate which coniferous species are the most resilient in drought events. Drought stress induces changes in physiology, including decreases in water potential, stomatal closure, pigment degradation, and leaf senescence (Jongdee et al., 2002, Munné-Bosch & Alegre, 2004, Heitholt et al., 1991). These physiological changes are associated with epigenetic regulation of gene expression in response to abiotic stressors (Alongi et al. 2025) and have been highly studied in crop plants and Arabidopsis. This project examines the photosynthetic and epigenetic response …

Genomic Structure Among Populations Of A Regionally Rare Perennial Plant Indicates The Need For Reevaluation Of Management Units, Cheyenne Moore, Angela J. Mcdonnell, Scott Schuette, Christopher T. Martine

Faculty Journal Articles

Conservation of rare species often relies on the delineation of management units and genomic tools can now be applied for this purpose. However, this is not as common on a local scale, where populations are often small and fragmented, despite the utility of informing conservation and management practice at the regional level. We use a genotyping by sequencing (GBS) approach to assess the perennial riparian plant species Baptisia australis (Fabaceae) in Pennsylvania, where the taxon is at the edge of its natural distribution and considered threatened. In this system, we investigate whether sampled subpopulations exhibit genetic structure. We find that …

Changes In Elephantgrass Plant Components With Maturity: 1. Percentage Dry Yield, P Mislevy, F G. Martin, M B. Adjei

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Elephantgrass (Pennisetum purpureum Schum.) biomass can be a source of energy for tropical regions of the world because of its high dry matter production (Mislevy et al., 1986 ; Prine et al., 1987). Research has shown the production of energy (meth­ane) from biomass can be best understood through systems analysis methodology that integrates the availability of land, climate, production inputs, plant quality, etc. To assess avail­able technology and identify information gaps Biomass to Methane (Biomet) models have been developed to determine the impacts of basic growth processes in response to the crops environment (Mishoe et al., 1987). Biomass growth …

Teneurs En Constituants Parietaux Et En Matieres Azotees Des Ligneuz Fourragers D'Afrique Occidentale, A R. Kone, D Richard, H Guerin

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Dans !es pays intertropicaux d'Afrique, l'elevage est surtout extensif et l'alimentation du betail est essentiellement basee sur le paturage nature! ou la strate ligneuse (arbres, arbustes) fournit des fourrages verts pendant la periode seche de l'annee, periode pendant laquelle le tapis herbace est sous forme de paille sur pied. Les ligneux sont done tres importants dans l'alimentation des ruminants domestiques et ii est necessaire d'en connaitre la composition chimique comme dans le cas des fourrages herbaces.

Evaluation Of Tree Legumes Species At Different Agroclimatic Zones Of Indonesia, Mas'ud Panjaitan, R Jessop, W W. Stur

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

The population of Indonesia is over 145 million and more than 56 % of them earn their living from agriculture (Bi. Stat. Ind., 1983). A major problem in the development of improved animal production has been the shortage of feed and the generally low nutritive value of tropical forages which limit livestock pro­duction in Indonesia (Asian Agriculture Survey, 1969). The production of feed of adequate quality for ruminants is an important consideration particularly for small holders. In many situations, nitrogen fixing legume trees can be used as a high protein feed supplement which improves the utilization of grasses and crop …

Valeur Nutritive D'Un Parcours Mixte A Acacia Cyanophylla, Atriplex Nummularia Et Medicago Arborea, Y Saadani, C Kayouli

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

II existe tres peu de donnees concernant la valeur nutritive des arbustes fourragers ; les rares etudes realisees en Tunisie ont porte surtout sur leur productivite, la charge animale et sur leur appetence (Hamrouni et Sarson, 1975; Ben Boubaker, 1985). L'objectif de ce travail est d'etudier la valeur nutritive des feuilles et brindilles d' Acacia cyanophylla, d' A triplex nummula­ria et de Medicago arborea ainsi que leur contribution dans la ration de caprins et d'ovins.

Utilization Of Native Mediterranean Fodder Trees By Dairy Goats, M Meuret

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Few data are available on utilization of fodder trees and shrubs by lactating goats. In most cases, predictions of animal performances on the basis of recommendations obtained from standard reference trials, do not correspond with production results achieved on the farm. Using measurements in digesti­bility cages and on rangelands (chromic oxide marker), we recorded intake, apparent digestibility of diets and perform­ances of goats well used to rangelands and browsing fresh oak foliage (Quercus ilex and Quercus pubescens).