Digital Commons Network^™

Absorption Of Nutrients From Subsoil In Relation To Crop Yield, John W. Crist, J. E. Weaver

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

Investigations of the development of root systems of native and crop plants have been pursued for a number of years at the University of Nebraska. The gradual intensification of this work has led to a type of experimentation designed to discover the nature of the activities of roots at great depths in relation to absorption of water and nutrients. In the present investigation the effects of absorption of nutrients from deep levels upon quantity and quality of yield were determined. Studies on the amounts of water and nitrates removed by crops from various soil levels were begun in i919, but …

Direct Measurement Of Water Loss From Vegetation Without Disturbing The Normal Structure Of The Soil, J. E. Weaver, John Crist

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

One of the most serious objections to the usual method of determining the water losses from plants is the almost universal use of containers which are quite too small to accommodate the normal development of the root system. But even where containers of sufficient size to overcome this obstacle are employed, the plants are grown in a mass of soil which has been at least fairly recently screened, mixed, aerated and watered and thus its structure is wholly unlike that which occurs in nature. This difference has been noticed for a number of years in connection with investigations of root …

Bulletin 119 - Take-All Of Wheat And Similar Diseases Of Cereals, W. M. Carne, J. G.C. Campbell

Bulletins 1 - 2999

This important disease, known also as Footrot, Blackleg, and Whiteheads, affects wheat principally, but also occurs on barley, rye, and certain grasses. In a very few instances it has been known to attack oats, but this is so rare that oats may be regarded for practical purposes as free from attack. Of the grasses attacked the most important, from a farming point of view in Western Australia, are Bailey Grass (Hordeum murinum), Silver Grass (Festuca bromoides and F. myuros), and the so-called Spear grasses (Bromus spp.). These annual grasses are very common in the wheat belt.

Size And Structure Of Leaves Of Cereals In Relation To Climate, William Edward Bruner, John E. Weaver

University Studies (University of Nebraska) (1888–1984)

Although a very large amount of work has been done on the variation in form, size, and anatomical structure of native plants grown under different conditions, relatively little attention has been given to similar studies of crop plants. As far as we are able to ascertain, no investigations have been made of variation in the leaves of cereal crops grown under widely different, measured environments.

During the past few years (1920-23), in connection with studies on the development and activities of the roots of crop plants (Weaver, Jean, and Crist, 1922), plant production as a measure of environment (Weaver, 1924), …

Circular No. 48 - Rural Credits In Utah, E. B. Brossard

UAES Circulars

The subject of rural credits is of interest to farmers, bankers, investors, and all others concerned about public welfare. This circular is written for the purpose of giving general information about agricultural credit conditions existing at the present time, with special reference to mortgage credit in Utah and the Federal Farm Loan System as now amended. The passage of the Federal Intermediate Credits Act, approved March 4, 1923 makes this an opportune time to check up on the situation.

Bulletin No. 187 - Irrigation Experiments With Potatoes, F. S. Harris, D. W. Pittman

UAES Bulletins

In a previous bulletin of this station are given the results of an experiment on different irrigation treatments of potatoes continued for five years. In view of the importance of the potato crop and of the importance of having it properly irrigated it was considered advisable to continue the experiment, with certain modifications based on experience, for a further period of five years. This total period of ten years should include most of the climatic variations which are common in this locality, and by eliminating the more unsatisfactory irrigation systems a closer approximation to the best system should be found. …

Bulletin No. 185 - The Influence Of Nitrogen In Soil On Azofication, J. E. Greaves, D. H. Nelson

UAES Bulletins

Many soils of the arid west have a rich active azofying flora. This is due in no small measure to their composition. They are high in calcium and magnesium carbonate and contain a good supply of available phosphorus and potassium but have a low nitrogen content. They are poor in organic carbon; hence, their native supply of energy is limited. It is well-known that a liberal supply of rapidly decaying organic matter is beneficial, and this is being supplied to some soils in the form of manures. This will increase the nitrogen content of the soil. What effect will this …

Improvement Of Small Grains By Pure Line Selection, Dilworth Walker

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The present economic status of grain farming in the United States calls for adjustments in various ways. Legislation, such as price fixing, can do very little. Adjustment of acreage along with improved methods of marketing can do much. But improvement of the grains grown through breeding processes to increase the yields per acre and improve the milling quality, will render a service of permanent value, since all of the results appear in the profit column.

Hybridization Of Wheat, Floyd M. Beach

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The purpose of this paper is to set forth the purpose of wheat hybridization. To do this properly it is necessary to know the history of hybridization of plants. Also to know some of the workers in this field and the hybrids produced by them. In the work at the Experiment Stations the various experimenters have discovered many interesting facts which it is necessary to know and understand. To thoroughly comprehend the work it is also necessary to do the actual processes of the work and to carry the hybrid through several generations and eventually to the goal for which …

Mendelian Inheritance In Wheat Hybrids, J. Leo Mortensen

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Until the beginning of the present centry the general opinion was that Egypt and Mesopotamia were the earliest homes of cultivated plants. Recent translations of the old Chinese records, however, reveal the fact that many of our cultivated plants were grown by the ancient peoples of China prior to the time of the Egyptians.

Dettweiler (11) (1914) writes: "Today it is admitted--except by a few--that the original home of the primitive European population, the Indo-Germans, is not Asia but northern Europe, that they developed their culture there in the late stone age, and that they then dispersed in their wanderings …

A Study Of The Flowering And Fruiting Habits Of The Delicious Apple, Emery R. Ranker

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

One of the most disagreeable and at the same time the most unprofitable features of commercial apple production is the tendency of most apple varieties to "take a rest" every other year in order to regain the strength given to the production of a very heavy crop the previous year, and thus be able to repeat the process of heavy production the following year. This process is referred to as "off-year" or alternate bearing. Various causal relationships have been suggested , from time to time, by the different workers in the field but the suggestion now most generally accepted, and …

Bulletin 115 - The Value Of Windmills For Pumping Water In Western Australia, A. H. Scott

Bulletins 1 - 2999

It is surprising to note the dearth of up-to-date reliable information dealing with actual results of modern windmills, under working conditions, though literature on thousands of other subjects less important can usually be obtained.

In this bulletin there is presented a complete and accurate record of the amount of water pumped daily by a windmill, under actual working conditions, for a period of 14 months.

Bulletin No. 183 - Water-Holding Capacity Of Irrigated Soils, Orson W. Israelsen, Frank L. West

UAES Bulletins

All information that will 'enable the irrigator to use water economically is valuable to arid-climate agriculture. In many arid-climate regions, including the western part of the United States, excessive waste of water occurs in the irrigation of highland porous soil areas, as a result of lack of information concerning the capacity of the soil to hold water. Following the waste of water on the uplands by excessive percolation through open soils, vast lowland areas are rendered partially or wholly nonproductive by water-logging. To illustrate, a gravelly bench soil four feet deep, if underlain by a coarse open gravel to a …

Bulletin No. 181 - Duty-Of-Water Investigations On Coal Creek, Utah, Arthur Fife

UAES Bulletins

Coal Creek flows from the west slope of the part of the Wasatch Mountain range which is located in the southeast part of Iron County, Utah. Its drainage area is almost 100 square miles.

Seasonal and daily stream-flow fluctuations are very pronounced. During the high water of spring the flow has reached more than 600 second-feet. At the time of high water, the daily fluctuations are the greatest. During the low water season in July and August, the flow has dropped as low as 12 second-feet since 1917, when accurate records were first kept; and, from the accounts of early …

Bulletin No. 182 - The Net Duty Of Water In Sevier Valley, Orson W. Israelsen, Luther M. Winsor

UAES Bulletins

The Sevier River is one of the most important sources of irrigation water in Utah. It rises in two main branches. The south fork rises in Kane County and flows almost due north to Junction in Piute County, where it joins the east fork, which rises partly in Garfield County and partly in Sevier County. The Garfield County branch of the east fork flows north, and the Sevier County Branch flows south to Coyote where the two tributaries join and flow westward into Junction. From Junction, the river flows northward past Marysvale, Sevier, Richfield, Salina, Gunnison, and Mills, where it …

Corn Investigations, T. A. Kiesselbach

Nebraska Agricultural Experiment Station: Historical Research Bulletins

The purpose of the investigations reported in this bulletin has been primarily to determine some of the underlying principles involved in corn improvement. The work comprises a study of some of the physiological characteristics of the crop together with a comparison of various selection, breeding, and cultural practices in their relation to grain yield.

Relation Of Hardpan To Root Penetration In The Great Plains, J. E. Weaver, John Crist

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

During the excavation of root systems of native and crop plants through- out the Great Plains region during the past five years (Weaver, 1919,1920, 1922) contact has been made in more than thirty fields with the so-called hardpan. Such a layer of soil underlies much of this area of low rainfall, at depths varying from 15 inches to 3 feet. It varies from 8 inches to over 1.5 feet in thickness. In connection with studies on the physical and chemical composition of the soils and their seasonal water-content under natural and cropped conditions, a more detailed study has been made …

Bulletin No. 177 - Some Types Of Irrigation Farming In Utah, E. B. Brossard

UAES Bulletins

As ordinarily used "type of farming" suggests general contrasts in the nature of farm business. The bases used in making these contrasts are: (1) sources of farm income, (2) number of farm enterprises, (3) amount of labor, capital, and management applied to each acre of land, and (4) farm practice with reference to maintenance of soil fertility. When based on sources of farm income, farms are classified as grain farms, hay farms, fruit farms, dairy farms, etc., according to the proportionate magnitude of the income from the different sources. When the number of farm enterprises is used as the basis, …

Bulletin No. 175 - Sixteen Years Of Dry Farm Experiments In Utah, F. S. Harris, A. F. Bracken, I. J. Jensen

UAES Bulletins

The demand for reliable information on dry-farming is increasing every year. As the area that is being cropped by dry-farm methods extends to less favorable regions, it becomes necessary to utilize the most effective methods of culture. In choice dry-farm sections crops may be produced without special care; but when an attempt is made to farm where the rainfall is low or where other conditions are not favorable, it becomes necessary to use every possible means of moisture conservation in order to get satisfactory yields.

Since the demand for information is so insistent, it seems desirable at this time to …

Freezing Injury Of Seed Corn, T. A. Kiesselbach, J. A. Ratcliff

Nebraska Agricultural Experiment Station: Historical Research Bulletins

The object of the investigations in this bulletin has been to determine the conditions under which freezing injury may occur to seed corn; to indicate, if possible, the vital changes in the embryo resulting in such injury; and to point out ways by which seed corn of strong vitality and satisfactory yielding capacity may be obtained.

Bulletin No. 173 - The Duty Of Water In Cache Valley, Utah, F. S. Harris

UAES Bulletins

The greater part of this bulletin is devoted to a report of experiments on the relation of the amount of irrigation water applied to the yield of crops. As the agriculture of Utah develops, it becomes more obvious each year that the chief factors limiting the production of crops is irrigation water. It is desirable, therefore, to have available all possible information on the subject. Water is so scarce that none should be wasted either directly or by attempting to spread it over so much land that it is not economically applied. Wasteful extravagance on the one hand and undue …

Bulletin No. 171 - Alfalfa Seed Growing And The Weather: With Particular Reference To Conditions In Utah, J. Cecil Alter

UAES Bulletins

The demand for alfalfa seed has far outrun domestic production. Since the labor and expense of producing the crop are light, and the profits attractive in favorable years, a desire is manifest wherever alfalfa is grown, to save a crop for seed whenever the meteorological elements favor its setting and maturing. Climate is generally acknowledged to be the limiting factor in alfalfa seed production, and the current weather the major factor affecting the yearly yields.

Bulletin No 81 - The Improvement Of Pastures With Notes On The Pasture Trefoils In Western Australia, E. A. Mann, D. A. Herbert

Bulletins 1 - 2999

Agriculture can be roughly divided for practical purposes into two large divisions, those of animal husbandry and vegetable husbandry. It is with the former that this pamphlet is chiefly concerned and its object is to contribute, it possible, in some small measure towards the problem of how to increase time stock carrying capacity of our natural pasture lands. it is unnecessary to dwell upon the importance of this question, especially in relation to the remarkable developments which are taking place in time wool-growing industry in the Southern and more coastal areas of Western Australia.

Fusarium Blight Of The Soy Bean And The Relation Of Various Factors To Infection, Richard O. Cromwell

Nebraska Agricultural Experiment Station: Historical Research Bulletins

An investigation was outlined (1) to determine the parasitism of Fusarium on soy bean, (2) to establish its relationship to Fusaria of the section Elegans in so far as a comparison of the cultural characters permitted, and (3) by means of cross- inoculations and field studies to determine the relationship of this disease of soy beans to the wilt disease of cowpeas (Vigna sinensis Hassk.) caused by Fusarium tracheiphilum Smith. The results of these investigations up to the close of the summer of 1916 have been reported. The studies were continued at the North Carolina Experiment Station until the …

Bulletin No. 166 - The Climate Of Utah, Frank L. West, N. E. Edlefsen

UAES Bulletins

Climate is of interest and importance to the scientist in general. It is particularly important to the investigator in the field of agriculture because growing crops are affected quite as much by sunlight, heat, rain, and frost as by the fertility of the soil. In field investigations these factors must be determined and reckoned with.

Climate And Plant Growth In Certain Vegetative Associations, Arthur W. Sampson

Aspen Bibliography

The relation of climate to the growth and development of vegetation is of profound importance in both practical and experimental agriculture. It is extremely useful to know the cause of successful growth and establishment, or of partial success or failure, of various species in different plant associations and under widely contrasted climatic conditions. The climatic requirements of various plant types are largely responsible for the results obtained in the case of experimental seedings and plantings of most species. Once the adverse climatic factors are definitely known, failures with plants may be largely avoided by the judicious selection of sites or …

Bulletin No. 163 - Composition Of The Irrigation Waters Of Utah, J. E. Greaves, C. T. Hirst

UAES Bulletins

Analytical work which has so far been published on the composition of the irrigation waters of the Intermountain Region indicates a wide variation in their composition. Some are exceptionally pure, being nearly free from alkali, and may be used without fear of injury to soils; others contain larger quantities of alkali and must be used with care; still others are so heavily charged with soluble salts that they must be used with extreme caution, otherwise the growing crop will be injured and in time the soil rendered unfit for agricultural purposes. The land then must be either reclaimed or abandoned, …

Studies Concerning The Elimination Of Experimental Error In Comparative Crop Tests, T. A. Kiesselbach

Nebraska Agricultural Experiment Station: Historical Research Bulletins

It is apparent that many sources of error have unconsciously entered into comparative crop yield tests. The very important matter of overcoming variation in soil conditions as a source of experimental error has been quite extensively studied and reported by various investigators during the past decade. The means suggested for reducing such error have been (1) repetition of plats and (2) correction of yields according to check plats planted to a uniform variety or treatment at stated intervals. Both methods have proved of value and a combination of both may often be used advantageously. Some danger always exists of error …

Bulletin No. 158 - Soil Moisture Studies Under Dry-Farming, F. S. Harris, J. W. Jones

UAES Bulletins

Profitable cultivation of land under dry-farm conditions is dependent on the efficient use of precipitation. Soil fertility is not at present the limiting factor in crop production on most arid lands, but insufficient moisture to make available the fertility of these dry-lands is not only a limiting factor, but in most cases the controlling factor in crop production. The rainfall in the principal dry-farming areas of Utah varies from 12 to 15 inches a year. During different years it may range from 10 to 22 inches; therefore the best use must be made of the water that falls.

Bulletin No. 159 - Soil Moisture Studies Under Irrigation, F. S. Harris, A. F. Brakcen

UAES Bulletins

Under normal precipitation the variety of crops which can be successfully grown in the West is limited. Of necessity, irrigation was practised and with it came many complex problems. The water requirements of different crops, the water-holding capacity of soils, the movement of soil moisture, and numerous other related problems have given themselves up for investigational work.