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A History Of Wool Manufacturing As It Is Related To Wool Marketing In Utah, George Elwood Spencer

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

It has been advocated by many sheep raisers and individuals interested in the wool industry of Utah, that wool manufacturing should become a leading industry of this state. Factors which seemingly corroborate such contentions are readily apparent. Utah's annual wool clip ranges between eighteen and twenty-five million pounds of wool.(1)*. The state is located in the center of the Western range states where the bulk of the higher quality wool of this country is grown. A part of the marketing costs of freight, commission charges to a limited extent, and high storage costs could be decreased. These savings would result …

Color Reactions As An Aid To Seed Indentification, Carlton Leo Schmit

Bachelors’ Theses

Plants have long been classified according to their physical likenesses and structures. To sort plants according to such a basis, a botanist uses a key. In most cases, these keys are based on the flower or fruit of the plant. Sometimes there are disadvantages in using these structures, because usually they are only present for a short portion of the year. In a few cases, the seeds or fruits of plants have been used as a basis of classification as, for instance, in the Umbelliferae, Alismaceae, and Bidens.

The Weather Effect On The Characteristic Protein Values In Wheat, Mary Margaret Murphy

Bachelors’ Theses

Scientific investigation has proved conclusively that the protein content of the wheat kernel is the most important factor in determining the quality of the flour obtained. A high protein wheat is used for flour for bread making, and a low protein wheat for pastry flours. The quality of the protein must be determined by baking experimental loaves.

The year 1934 was a year of drought. In all parts of the country the wheat crops were affected by the lack of rainfall; hence, the protein value of the wheat must necessarily have been affected in some manner. The United States Department …

Exotic Ancient Forests Of Washington, George F. Beck

All Faculty Scholarship for the College of the Sciences

The greatest fossil forest in the world is located within easy driving distance of the University of Washington campus in the State of Washington, near the Columbia River, east of the city of Ellensburg. Mr. George F. Beck, a member of the faculty of the Ellensburg State Normal School, and a former graduate student of the College of Forestry of the University of Washington, discovered this forest, which is now known as the Ginkgo Forest State Park. Aside from its importance from a scientific point of view, this "petrified forest," which contains a greater variety of species than any other …

Relation Of Root Distribution To Organic Matter In Prairie Soil, J. E. Weaver, V. H. Hougen, M. D. Weldon

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

Although the root distribution of the chief grasses and forbs of tall-grass prairie has been known for 15 years (18), no studies on the relation of root distribution to the organic matter in the soil have been made. In fact, so far as the writers are aware, few studies of this type have been undertaken in America. SPRAGUE (15), working in New Jersey, has attempted to correlate root occupation of the several soil layers with their specific soil properties. The grasses, chiefly Kentucky bluegrass and Colonial bent grass, were grown on a formerly cultivated soil of the gray-brown forest soil …

Bulletin No. 252 - Groundwater: Part I: Fundamental Principles Governing Its Physical Control, Willard Gardner, T. R. Collier, Doris Farr

UAES Bulletins

This article does not purport to present detailed specifications for engineering structures nor to enlighten engineers specifically as to devices or methods appropriate to the control of groundwater. It is the aim rather to discuss fundamental principles and to indicate applications.

Stability Of Climax Prairie And Some Environmental Changes Resulting From Breaking, J. E. Weaver, Evan Flory

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

Continued study of the great midcontinental grasslands of North America throughout a period of years has impressed the writers with the high degree of stability of the climax prairie. This phenomenon has been carefully considered in a study of the types of prairie in the Missouri Valley over an area of several thousand square miles centering in eastern Nebraska but including five neighboring states. Present studies on the deterioration of the prairie under the impact of grazing, and changes in edaphic and atmospheric environment with the breaking and cropping of the land have further emphasized the stabilizing influence of a …

Bulletin No. 250 - Summary Report Of Progress: July 1, 1932 To June 30, 1934, P. V. Cardon

UAES Bulletins

During the past biennium various members of the Utah Station Staff have been actively engaged in the national and state recovery and emergency programs. P. V. Cardon, the director, served as a member of the National Advisory Committee, Division of Subsistence Homesteads, Department of the Interior, from November 1, 1933 to April 10, 1934, acting as western representative of that division. Effective April 25, 1934, under the Agricultural Adjustment Administration, Land-Policy Section, Planning Division, he was appointed Regional Director of Arizona, California, Colorado, Nevada, and New Mexico. On April 27, 1934, Professor George D. Clyde, Station Irrigation and Drainage Engineer, …

Bulletin No. 249 - Farm Versus Village Living In Utah, Joseph A. Geddes

UAES Bulletins

This is the first of a series of bulletins based on a study of Utah village life begun in 1927. The purpose of the investigation was to determine, under prevailing conditions, whether for farm people farm living is less desirable than village living. Four type villages were selected in as many counties for field studies.

Bulletin No. 247 - Effect Of Manure And Of Phosphorus Fertilizer On The Yield And Composition Of Alfalfa Hay, D. W. Pittman

UAES Bulletins

It has frequently been observed by practical stockmen that alfalfa hay produced on poor unproductive land has a much lower feeding value than hay produced on good productive land. Some have also observed that by the use of a supplemental feed rich in phosphorus (such as steamed bone-meal), the feeding value of this poor quality alfalfa hay may be improved, indicating that phosphorus deficiency is at least one cause of its low feeding value.

Bulletin No. 246 - Food Habits Of Rural School Children In Relation To Their Physical Well-Being, Almeda Perry Brown

UAES Bulletins

A study of school children's diet and of their physical status was made in six rural Utah communities, similar in size, and in social, economic, and physical characteristics.

Filicales Of The Mammoth Cave Region, William Youmans

Masters Theses & Specialist Projects

The purpose of this investigation was to determine the distribution of each species of ferns with regard to the geologic strata, altitude and temperature and moisture relationships. A systematic classification was made of all species of ferns found in the region.

The Relation Of The Native Forest Cover To The Physical And Chemical Nature Of The Soils Of The Mammoth Cave National Park Area, Sheppard Walker

Masters Theses & Specialist Projects

This study was undertaken for the purpose of determining the relation existing between the native forest cover and the chemical and physical properties of the soils of the Mammoth Cave National Park area. The study was suggested by certain references in the literature to a correlation existing between forest cover and the geological, chemical and physical nature of soils of this area. The recent attempt at reforestation in the Mammoth Cave National Park area renders such a study timely, and it is believed that the results reported in this paper will materially aid the Mammoth Cave National Park Commission and …

Bulletin No. 242 - Drainage Of Land Overlying An Artesian Ground-Water Reservoir: Progress Report, O. W. Israelsen, W. W. Mclaughlin

UAES Bulletins

Certain tracts of land in the West formerly used to produce grain and forage crops now produce only pasture grasses of comparatively low quality because of the water-logging and alkali accumulation which has occurred since irrigation was begun. Other tracts now producing only light crops of wild hay probably would produce profitable crops of alfalfa and clover, provided the water-table were lowered and the water-logged and alkaline condition of the soil removed. Still other areas are almost wholly nonproductive because of the concentration of excessive quantities of harmful alkali salts.

Knowledge concerning (1) the causes of water-logging, (2) economical methods …

Root System Of Quercus Macrocarpa In Relation To The Invasion Of Prairie, J. E. Weaver, Joseph Cramer

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

Invasion of trees into grassland is primarily a phenomenon of plant competition. It involves the relation of the invaded and the invader to light and other atmospheric factors of the habitat, both physical and biotic. But perhaps even to a greater degree the edaphic factors, and especially water in dry climates, are concerned. Consequently to understand the reasons for plant distribution and the changes resulting from natural successions, a knowledge of the parts of the plants underground and of the interrelations of the root systems is of fundamental importance.

The great tension zone or ecotone between the deciduous forest formation …

Bulletin No. 236 - The Manufacture Of Cheese From Soft-Curd And Hard-Curd Milks, R. L. Hill, A. C. Merrill

UAES Bulletins

Little investigational work has been conducted on the effect of the hardness of curd of milk on the quality, quantity, and commercial value of cheese.

In July 1930, a preliminary report from the Utah Agricultural Experiment Station was made on these researches. This report indicated that for the manufacture of cheese hard-curd milk was far superior to soft-curd milk. This research is a continuation of that project.

Hard- and soft-curd milk used in the tests reported was obtained from Holstein cows. The fat content of each milk was practically the same. While the difference in curd hardness between the soft- …

Bulletin No. 235 - Biennial Report, Utah Agricultural Experiment Station: July 1, 1930 To June 30, 1932, P. V. Cardon

UAES Bulletins

President E. G. Peterson

Sir: I have the honor to transmit the report of the Utah Agricultural Experiment Station for the biennium ending June 30, 1932. This report includes the reports of the various departments as well as other information pertaining to the work of the Experiment Station during this two-year period.

Respectfully submitted, P. V. CARDON, Director.

Circular No. 99 - Utah Snow Sampler And Scales For Measuring Water Content Of Snow, George D. Clyde

UAES Circulars

Snow survey are usually conducted in uninhabited and mountainous areas, The surveyor must travel on snowshoes or skiis; therefore the necessary equipment must be light, strong, and compact.

Bulletin No. 234 - The Beet Leafhopper In Northern Utah, George F. Knowlton

UAES Bulletins

The first Utah sugar factory was erected at Lehi in 1891. Since that time many other factories have been built, and the growing of sugar-beets has become an important part of the agricultural program in many irrigated sections of this state. From almost the beginning, the tiny beet leafhopper, Eutettix tenellus (Baker), has threatened the very existence of this industry, and, in connection with the curly-top disease which it disseminates, has been responsible for the loss of many millions of dollars to the sugar-beet growers and sugar manufacturers of Utah. Poor prices, competition of other crops, sugar-beet nematode and crop …

Bulletin No. 233 - Observations On The Use Of Commercial Fertilizers On The Arid Soils Of Utah, D. W. Pittman, Clarence Burnham

UAES Bulletins

Only within the last few years has the question of commercial fertilizers been worthy of serious consideration in Utah. It has been considered that commercial fertilizers were unnecessary in Utah (1) because arid soils retain their virgin fertility much longer than soils in the humid region which are subject to continual leaching by heavy precipitation, (2) because livestock have always predominated in Utah's agriculture due to the vast areas adapted only to range purposes and livestock means manure to maintain fertility, and (3) because alfalfa, our principal feed crop, is also one of the best plants for gathering nitrogen from …

The Composition Of Soil Colloids In Relation To Soil Classification, Horace Byers, M. S. Anderson

United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service / University of Nebraska-Lincoln: Faculty Publications

For a period of approximately fifteen years investigators in the Bureau of Chemistry and Soils have been engaged in the accumulation of scientific data concerned with colloid material of the soil. During this period a large volume of accurate information has been secured which has been published in the form of bulletins and journal articles. So far as the Bureau publications are concerned, but little has appeared concerning theoretical aspects of the composition of the colloid. They have concerned themselves, for the most part, with methods of isolation and estimation, and determination of general physical and chemical characteristics.

The Effect Of Maturity And The Ethylene Chlorhydrin Seed Treatment On The Dormancy Of Triumph Potatoes, H. O. Werner

Nebraska Agricultural Experiment Station: Historical Research Bulletins

Western Nebraska dry-land Triumph potatoes (Solanum tuberosum L.) vary in maturity at the time of harvest, from some that are very immature to others with vines which are entirely ripe. Variations in maturity may be due to such factors as early frost, drouth, destruction of vines by hail or early blight, time of planting, and strain type (whether early or late maturing). The question of seed maturity and its influence upon duration of the dormant period is of considerable commercial importance, since these potatoes are annually being planted in south Texas as early as December 26 and in southern …

Circular No. 95 - Annual Summary Of Publications, Blanche Condit Pittman

UAES Circulars

Circular No. 95 contains a summary of publications issued by the Utah Agricultural Experiment Station, through its Editorial and Publications Division, for the fiscal year ending June 30, 1931.

The Alkaloids, Felix F. Barre

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

This thesis, presented for the degree of Bachelor of Science, provides a systematic chemical study of the alkaloids, a class of complex nitrogenous plant substances possessing basic properties. Barre opens by defining the alkaloids and surveying the various systems used to classify them, whether by natural versus artificial origin, chemical nucleus (pyridine, quinoline, or isoquinoline), volatility, or botanical family of origin, and outlines their general physical and chemical properties, including solubility, optical activity, and characteristic reactions with precipitating and color-test reagents.

The thesis details standard laboratory methods for the extraction and separation of alkaloids from plant material, including a step-by-step …

Bulletin No. 227 - Soft-Curd Milk, R. L. Hill

UAES Bulletins

Data on the early studies on the curd character of milk are found in Utah Agricultural Experiment Station Bulletin 207 and, therefore, are not included here. The key to research in this field came to light with the development of the "Hill Test," the results of which were first published in 1923. This test furnished a means of quantitatively measuring the difference in curd character of various milks.

The term "soft-curd" milk originated with R. L. Hill to describe milk which on coagulation with pepsin or rennin forms a curd that is soft and clabbery in consistency, differing widely from …

Inheritance Of Glume And Kernel Color, Of Awnedness, And Of Spike Density In A Cross Between Ridit And Sevier Wheat, Leslie W. Nelson

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

This paper is devoted principally to the presentation and discussion of the results obtained when certain contrasting characters were brought together in a wheat cross between Ridit and Sevier 59. this is one of the crosses made in an attempt to develop a wheat adapted to this region with the following desirable qualities: Bunt resistance, strong straw, hard kernels, and heavy yield. How near this ideal is approached in succeeding generations can be told only by extensive tests. The genetic study herein presented was made to hasten the time when some of the progeny of this cross may become of …

Bulletin No. 224 - Muck Soil Investigations: Progress Report, Sanpete County Experimental Farm 1927-30, Inclusive, Le Moyne Wilson, George Stewart

UAES Bulletins

The estimated area of muck or peat soil in Utah is approximately 21,000 acres. The muck occurs in many valleys of Utah. The largest areas are in the Sanpete and Utah Lake Valleys. The area in the former is estimated at 6500 acres and the Utah Valley area at 9000 acres; the other areas, all more or less significant in size, are scattered throughout the state.

Investigations reported have been confined entirely to the Sanpete area which is located near the south and bottom end of the valley and is west of the towns of Chester, Ephraim, and Manti. During …

Circular No. 93 - Better Sugar-Beet Culture For Utah, George Stewart, D. W. Pittman

UAES Circulars

Utah was one of the first states to begin sugar-beet growing. The industry grew rapidly, favored by the climate, by the naturally productive soils, by the freedom from pests, and by the system of intensive irrigation agriculture. California and Utah were among the leading beet-producing states at the time of the World War, and under the stimulus of high prices they remained so until the great depression of 1920. After that, the frequent occurrence of curly-top and the rapid spread of nematode, together with the low price resulting from increased cane sugar production in the tropics and from other causes …

Infection Experiments With Spindle Tuber And Unmottled Curly Dwarf Of The Potato, R. W. Goss

Nebraska Agricultural Experiment Station: Historical Research Bulletins

It is probable that more than one insect species are capable of spreading some of the potato virus diseases. This conclusion was also indicated by repeated observations in the dry-land section of western Nebraska. While aphids are abundant and are probably the chief vectors of potato virus diseases in the more humid sections of the country, they are usually scarce in the western upland plains area and are not present in large enough numbers to account for the rapid spread of spindle tuber and unmottled curly dwarf which sometimes occurs. It was therefore considered advisable to determine the common potato …

Bulletin No. 223 - Feeding Value Of Alfalfa Hay Treated With Calcium Arsenate, H. J. Frederick

UAES Bulletins

For a number of years many tons of sprayed or dusted hay have been fed successfully to livestock by stockmen interested in controlling the alfalfa weevil; nevertheless. the supposed cases of poisoning that have been reported naturally have caused concern among feeders.

Further confusion on this question has resulted from reports on studies designed to determine the effect of lead arsenate instead of calcium arsenate.

Whether the lead in lead arsenate has been a more injurious agent than the arsenic, of course, is difficult to state. Most of the experiments performed in the feeding of sprayed or dusted hay have …