Digital Commons Network^™

Predicting Transpiration Rates Of Hydroponically-Grown Plant Communities In Controlled Environments, Oscar Monje

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Canopy transpiration is a major factor determining crop evapotranspiration and energy budgets. Unfortunately the development of robust models of canopy transpiration is hindered by a lack of reliable data due to the difficulties of making canopy-scale measurements. However, measurements of canopy water vapor and carbon fluxes via gas exchange techniques are possible in controlled environments. Simultaneous measurements of transpiration, photosynthesis, and canopy temperature were made in wheat and soybean communities. These data were used to calculate chamber aerodynamic and canopy stomata! conductances, and to model the response of canopy transpiration to CO₂concentration and vapor pressure deficit. Canopy stomata! …

Management Of Microbial Nitrate Production In Agricultural Soils, Wei Shi

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Nitrate (NO₃^-) is of central importance in the internal soil nitrogen (N) cycle. While animal wastes and nitrification inhibitors have been used in modern agriculture for decades, their effects on soil NO₃^- concentrations in relation to microbial NO₃^- production have not been well characterized. The objective of this research was to determine microbial NO₃^- production in relation to ammonium (NH₄⁺) availability and nitrifier population activity in agricultural soils receiving animal wastes or nitrification inhibitors.

Several laboratory and field studies assessed the impacts of variously treated dairy wastes and …

Utilization Of Spatially Distributed Soil Resources By Several Species Common To The Great Basin, Sarah Duke

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Heterogeneous spatial and temporal distributions of soil resources important to plant growth have been documented in the sagebrush steppe ecosystem. There can exist as much variability in soil resources within the root zone of individual plants as exists across an entire field. The objective of this dissertation research was to evaluate how plants respond to, utilize and influence the spatial heterogeneity of soil resources. The three specific sets of questions addressed are outlined in the three main chapters of this dissertation.

My first study addressed how the number and concentration of phosphorus (P) patches in the root zone of an …

Ammonium And Nitrate Effects On Growth, Development And Nutrient Uptake Of Hydroponic Wheat, Thomas M. Hooten

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The long-term effects of low and high NH₄⁺/ NO₃^- uptake ratios in a system with rigorous control of pH and nitrogen concentration are poorly understood. In two replicate studies, two cultivars of wheat (Triticum aestivum) were grown to maturity with three NH₄⁺/ NO₃^- ratios in hydroponic solution: 0/100, 25/75, and 85/15%. Nitrogen was controlled at ample levels throughout the 70-d life cycle and pH was controlled at 5.8 ± 0.2. An equimolar ratio of NH₄⁺ to Cl^- was used to facilitate charge balance. Nitrogen consumption …

Regeneration Ecology Of Chrysopogon Aucheri And Cymbopogon Jwarancusa In Grasslands Of Upland Balochistan, Pakistan, Sarfraz Ahmad

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Field experiments were conducted to investigate the seed attributes, movements and fates of dispersal units, and seedling establishment of Chrysopogon aucheri and Cymbopogon jwarancusa in a representative grassland ecosystem in upland Balochistan, Pakistan.

Cymbopogon jwarancusa had more filled and viable caryopses than Chrysopogon aucheri. Seeds (spikelets) of both species had similar morphological features. Chrysopogon aucheri had one dispersal unit, a triplet spikelet. Cymbopogon jwarancusa had four types of dispersal units: a paired spikelet, a partial raceme, an entire raceme, and a partial inflorescence comprised of two racemes.

Paired spikelets and partial racemes of Cymbopogon jwarancusa had greater …

Center For Grassland Studies Newsletter, Spring 1998, Volume 4, No. 2

Center for Grassland Studies: Newsletters

Contents:

Developing Integrated Weed Management Strategies to Improve Leafy Spurge-Infested Grasslands by Robert Masters, USDA-ARS and Department of Agronomy, UNL

Biological Control of Weedy Exotic Thistles and Its Ecological Side Effects in the Sandhills: Testing and Policy Implications (Part 2) by Svata Louda, School of Biological Sciences, UNL

Cows in the Stream: A Sustainable Practice? by Charles Francis, Department of Agronomy, UNL

Prairie Restoration is Theme of CGS Fall Seminar Series

Conference Highlights Nebraska Loess Hills

Nebline, April 1998

NEBLINE Newsletter Archive from Nebraska Extension in Lancaster County

earth wellness festival makes a splash
1998 All-America Roses
Conserve water with drip irrigation
Easter lily care
Bird gardens are for you
Belly up to the salad bar
1998 Household Hazardous Waste Collections
Label changes affect termite control: Come to a termite workshop April 22
A recyclable car?
Ants and clover mites invade homes in spring
Population boom
Did you know. . .
When you need a pesticide...
Children most susceptible to lead poisoning
Avoiding herbicide drift
Adding legumes to warm-season grasses
Livestock operators face new requirements
Caution urged when using anhydrous ammonia
Choosing the correct glove is important in …

Ascorbic Acid Retention In Shredded Iceberg Lettuce As Affected By Minimal Processing, Catherine Barry-Ryan, David O'Beirne

Articles

The effects of slicing method, packaging atmosphere and storage temperature were determined on total ascorbic acid (TAA) content of modified atmosphere packaged shredded lettuce. TAA was extracted from the lettuce samples and levels were monitored using either titration with 2,6-dichlorophenolindophenol solution or an assay kit. Slicing affected (p < 0.05) ascorbic acid retention in the order manual tearing > manual slicing > machine slicing. Flushing with 100% nitrogen increased retention (~5%, p < 0.05) over packages with product modified atmospheres. Storage at 3°C increased retention (~20%, p < 0.05) compared with storage at 8°C. Scores for product appearance generally followed losses of TAA in the lettuce (p < 0.05).

The Prairie Naturalist Volume 30, No.1 March 1998

The Prairie Naturalist

WATERFOWL FOODS OF CULTIVATED WILD RICE PADDIES IN NORTHWEST MINNESOTA ▪ J. T. Huseby, W. Po Cymbaluk, A. J. Melvie, W. D. Svedarsky, and R. D. Crawford

ICHTHYOFAUNA IN STREAMS OF THE MISSOURI RIVER DRAINAGE, WYOMING ▪ T. M. Patton, W. A. Hubert, and F. J. Rahel

Aphthona nigriscutis LARVAL DENSITIES IN CAMPBELL COUNTY, SOUTH DAKOTA ▪ M. A. Brinkman and S. A. Clay

DIETS OF BISON SOCIAL GROUPS ON TALLGRASS PRAIRIE IN OKLAHOMA ▪ B. R. Coppedge and J. H. Shaw

NUTRIENT AND ENERGETIC CHARACTERISTICS OF GRASSHOPPERS OF DIFFERENT LIFE STAGES ▪ R. J. Robel, C. A. Desjardins, and …

Forage News [1998-03], Department Of Plant And Soil Sciences, University Of Kentucky

Forage News

• National Alfalfa Symposium
• Statewide KCA/KFGC Field Day Planned
• Nitrogen for Early Grazing
• Christi Forsythe Receives Award
• Grazing School Update
• Round Bale Silage
• Variety Trial Information
• Contributions of Alfalfa to Wildlife and the Environment
• Planting Date, Fungicide, and Cultivar Effects on Sclerotinia Crown and Stem Rot Severity in Alfalfa
• Forage Quality Variation Among Maize Inbreds: In Vitro Fiber Digestion Kinetics and Prediction with NIRS
• Upcoming Events

Nebline, March 1998

NEBLINE Newsletter Archive from Nebraska Extension in Lancaster County

Managing our ground water resources
March to a different drummer
1998 All-America Selections
Be A Better Gardener 4-H Youth Program.
Shamrocks for St. Patrick's Day
Watch for the magnificent bald eagle! But, watch carefully
Bzzzzzz...Beginning Beekeeping Workshop Reminder
Termite Control Workshop for Homeowners: April 22
Pesticide Waste Disposal Program March 18 at Greenwood Cooperative
Hitting the links - golfers are environmentalists too!
Volunteers are needed!
Nitrogen fertilizer sources in a wet spring
CRP panel discussion to be held March 17
CRP controlled burn school
Upcoming events
Cross fencing to improve pasture productivity
Keeping animals on an acreage
Fertilizing grasses
New …

An Economic Assessment Of The Myanmar Rice Sector: Current Developments And Prospects, Kenneth B. Young, Gail L. Cramer, Eric J. Wailes

AAES Research Reports and Research Bulletins

In this study, the Myanmar rice economy is described in the context of the current political situation and state of national economic development. The forces that are changing rice production and exports are identified; however, the rate of development involves a complex integration of government intervention and politics, as well as availability of resources. Probable scenarios for rice production and export are projected based on recent growth trends and expected infrastructure development. The Arkansas Global Rice Model is used to integrate the Myanmar rice sector with the global rice market in developing projections.

Nebline, February 1998

NEBLINE Newsletter Archive from Nebraska Extension in Lancaster County

4-H: What it's all about
Basil for everyone
1998 Perennial Plant
of the Year
Winter care of houseplants
Soap or oil—that is the question
Terrariums
Be A Better Gardener 4-H Youth Program
One starling's a darling, but a flock is not!
What's buzzing? Register for Beginners Beekeeping Workshop
today!
Grab it off the web
Pest management in and around your home: what's your strategy?
Backyard wildlife—tips for success
Volunteers are needed!
For the birds
Extension meetings scheduled
CRP Meeting and Burn School Planned
Farm Leases Seminar
Check out these winter workshops
Oats for pasture, hay and silage
Management key to …

Signaling Via Camp In Fungi: Interconnections With Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Pathways, James Kronstad, Adriana De Maria, Deanna L. Funnell, R. David Laidlaw, Nancy Lee, Mário Moniz De Sá, Marilee Ramesh

Department of Plant Pathology: Faculty Publications

The cAMP signal transduction pathway controls a wide variety of processes in fungi. For example, considerable progress has been made in describing the involvement of cAMP pathway components in the control of morphogenesis in Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Ustilago maydis, and Magnaporthe grisea. These morphological processes include the establishment of filamentous growth in S. cerevisiae and U. maydis, and the differentiation of an appressorial infection structure in M. grisea. The discovery that appressorium formation requires cAMP signaling provides an immediate connection to fungal virulence. This connection may have broader implications among fungal pathogens because recent work indicates that …

Management Of Red Squirrel Feeding Damage To Lodgepole Pine By Stand Density Manipulation And Diversionary Food, Thomas P. Sullivan

Vertebrate Pest Conference Proceedings: 18th (1998)

The red squirrel (Tamiasciurus hudsonicus) feeds on the vascular tissues of sapling lodgepole pine (Pinus contorta) during spring periods in forests of interior British Columbia and Alberta, Canada. This damage may lead to mortality and reduced growth of crop trees in managed stands. Manipulation of stand density by pre-commercial thinning to densities < 1,000 stems/ha is an effective method to lower squirrel populations and feeding damage. Lowering stand density enhances the growth of crop trees, and understory herbs and shrubs as wildlife habitat, while protecting trees from squirrel feeding. This approach has been successful in several forest ecological zones. An alternative management tool is provision of diversionary food (sunflower seed) for those stands susceptible to feeding damage, and where stand thinning has already been completed. Diversionary food can be applied aerially and is very cost effective for protecting managed stands. These techniques may be used to maintain or even enhance species diversity of small mammal communities in those forest stands requiring protection.

The Biology Of Nonfrugivorous Tephritid Fruit Flies, David H. Headrick, Richard D. Goeden

Horticulture and Crop Science

This review is the first comprehensive treatment of the biology of nonfrugivorous fruit flies of the family Tephritidae. Feeding habits of destructive and useful species, morphology of immature stages, and hypotheses regarding structural homology and the evolutionary biology of nonfrugivorous tephritids are reviewed, including zoogeography and theories involving resource heterogeneity, guild structure, resource partitioning, resource utilization, facultative niche exploitation, extrinsic and intrinsic factors, host associations, seasonal distribution and phenology, aggregative and circumnatal life history strategies, voltinism, diapause, aestivation, oviposition site, clutch size, and supernumerary oviposition.

The Use Of Red Mud/Gypsum To Reduce Water Pollution From Sandy Soils Used For Vegetable Production, Ian Mcpharlin, W. J. Robertson, R. C. Jeffery

Research Reports

An important domestic and export vegetable industry is located on the sands of the Swan Coastal Plain (SCP) in Western Australia. The total value of the vegetable industry on the SCP was estimated at $90M in 1996/7 or about 50% of the total value of the industry. This vegetable production has been located on good quality sands such as the Spearwood and yellow Karrakatta sands, close to the coast, since the 1950s. However in recent years competition for this land for urban and industrial use has forced vegetable production onto soils with poorer water and phosphorus retention capacity such as …

Linking People, Purpose, And Place: An Ecological Approach To Agriculture, Heidi Carter, Richard Olson, Charles A. Francis

CARI Extension and Education Materials for Sustainable Agriculture

Linking Ecology and Agriculture

Whole Farm Planning

Soil Quality

Agroforestry

Grazing Systems

Weed and Insect Management

Farmer Groups

Farmland Conversion

Resources and Information Sources

Center For Grassland Studies Newsletter, Winter 1998, Volume 4, No. 1

Center for Grassland Studies: Newsletters

Contents:

Biological Control of Weedy Exotic Thistles and Its Ecological Side Effects in the Sandhills: Observations (Part 1) by Svata Louda, School of Biological Sciences, UNL

Cutting Edge Technology Used for UNL Football Practice Field by Roch Gaussoin, Department of Horticulture, UNL

Early-summer Grazing Effects on Defoliation and Tiller Demography of Prairie Sandreed by Andrew Cullan, Patrick Reece and Walter Schacht, Department of Agronomy, UNL

Bison/Buffalo Information

East Meets West in 1999: SRM/AFGC Joint Meeting by Heidi Carter, Center for Sustainable Agricultural Systems, UNL

Field Trip Graduate Course on Ecology of Grazing Lands

Nebline, January 1998

NEBLINE Newsletter Archive from Nebraska Extension in Lancaster County

Cooperative Extension takes advantage of geographic technology
Wood for your fireplace
Humidity in the home affects plants, too
Using garden catalogs
Houseplant maintenance
An evergreen for all seasons
Honey bees are dying by the millions!
Congratulations!
Boxelder bugs and the cluster fly
Pesticides and child safety
Extension meetings Scheduled
Crop management winter workshops
City purchases manure spreaders
for use in biosolids program
Feeding high quality hay after calving
Prepare calves for feedlots
Acreage development in Lancaster County
Learning about chemicals
Acreage owners workshop
Indulging without bulging
Focus on Food
A safe kitchen
Healthy Eating: Rib Eye Roast (Prime Rib)
Fast, …

Statistical Design And Analysis Of Producer/Consumer Evaluations To Assess Plant Quality, Walter W. Stroup, Stacy A. Adams, Ellen Paparozzi

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

Researchers in ornamental horticulture often want to assess the effects of experimental treatments on plant quality. Producers often use the results of such experiments to establish the minimum level of a treatment, for instance, the amount of a growth regulator or a nutrient, such as nitrogen, needed to achieve desired plant quality. For edible plants, quality can be quantified objectively by using numeric response variable such as yield or nutritional content. However, for ornamental plants, quality depends on aesthetic appeal and consumer acceptance, traits which are subjective and qualitative.

Statistical models for the design and analysis of experiments involving numeric …

Planning To Grow Vegetables Commercially, John Burt, Peter Gartrell

Bulletins 4000 -

This Bulletin was developed by Department of Agriculture in recognition of the increasing complexity and competitiveness in establishing a commercial vegetable enterprise. The information in this Bulletin will provide you with a useful guide to assess your likelihood of succeeding in vegetable production.

Vegetable production is not an easy lifestyle. It is a highly competitive environment with the industry consisting of growers with big investments and years of experience and knowledge. Horticultural farms require a large amount of capital and time and are increasingly expanding and becoming more specialised.

If you are serious about growing vegetables, work through this Bulletin …

Northern Agriculture Integrated Management Strategy - Sub-Region Strategies And Action Plans, Agriculture Western Australia

Natural resources published reports

Greenough Sub-region

Moore River Sub-region

West Midlands Sub-region

Yarra Yarra Sub-region

The strategies and action plans contained in this document have been developed by members of the community, local industry and government agencies, representing the four sub-regions of the Northern Agricultural Region. Sub-regional strategy development has occurred due to community and agency recognition of the importance of protecting, enhancing and developing the region's valuable natural resource base.

Work began on this process with a two-day regional workshop in October 1996 and following this, numerous sub-regional meetings were held over a period of one year.

The summary of this planning work …

The In Vitro Propagation Of Seagrasses : Halophila Ovalis, Ruppia Megacarpa And Posidonia Coriacea, Melissa Grace Henry

Theses : Honours

Seagrass communities are of high ecological and economic significance. They provide a nursery area for commercial and recreational juvenile fish and crustacea. Seagrasses also play an important role in influencing the structure and function of many estuarine and nearshore marine environments. Unfortunately, the decline of seagrasses, as a result of human impact, has increased in recent years. This decline has become a major problem throughout the world. Current methods used to restore degraded seagrass beds are limited, the most promising being transplanting material from healthy donor beds. This approach is expensive because it is labor intensive and damages the donor …

Mycorrhizal Colonization And Nutrition Of Wheat And Sweet Corn Grown In Manure-Treated And Untreated Topsoil And Subsoil, David D. Tarkalson, Von D. Jolley, Charles W. Robbins, Richard E. Terry

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

Dry bean yields (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) were raised to similar levels as the topsoil by manure application to eroded or leveled Portneuf silt loam soil (coarse-silty mixed mesic Durixerollic Calciorthid). Only soil organic matter and zinc (Zn) content of leaf tissue were correlated with improved yields. Manure application increased mycorrhizal colonization and Zn uptake in pot experiments with dry bean which would explain the increased yields in the field. A field study was conducted to see if similar effects of manure and mycorrhizal colonization could be observed in field grown spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and sweet corn …

The ‘‘Foliage Is The Fruit’’ Hypothesis: Complex Adaptations In Buffalograss (Buchloe Dactyloides), John Ortmann, Walter H. Schacht, James L. Stubbendieck, Dennis R. Brink

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

Buffalograss (Buchloe dactyloides) has been described as an excellent fit for Janzen’s ‘‘Foliage is the Fruit’’ (FF) hypothesis, which suggests that large grazing animals ingest and later disperse seeds of some herbs when consuming their foliage. We tested this hypothesis by feeding buffalograss burs and legume seeds to ruminally fistulated beef steers. Our objectives were to determine (1) rumen residence times of buffalograss burs, free buffalograss caryopses and legume seeds; (2) total tract residence times for the three types of propagules; (3) percentage propagule survival after passage and (4) germinability of fed and unfed burs and caryopses. Bur …

Growth Traits Among Sorghum Genotypes In Response To Aluminum, J. H. Bernal, R. B. Clark

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

Aluminum (Al) has many detrimental effects on plant growth, and shoots and roots are normally affected differently. A study was conducted to determine differences among sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] genotypes with broad genetic backgrounds for growth traits of plants grown at 0,200,400,600, and 800 uM Al in nutrient solutions (pH 4.0). Genotypes were categorized into "Al-sensitive", "intermediate Al-tolerant", "Al-tolerant", and SC 283 (an Al-tolerant standard). As Al increased, shoot and root dry matter (DM), net main axis root length (NMARL), and total root length (TRL) became lower than controls (0 Al). Aluminum toxicity and/or nutrient deficiency symptoms become …

Nebline, December 1997

NEBLINE Newsletter Archive from Nebraska Extension in Lancaster County

No abstract provided.

Silvopasture: An Agroforestry Practice, Ned B. Klopfenstein, W. J. Rietveld, Richard C. Carman, Terry R. Clason, Steven H. Sharrow, Gene Garrett, Bruce Anderson

Agroforestry Notes (USDA-NAC)

Although some form of silvopasture management has been practiced for centuries, silvopasture as an agroforestry practice is specifically designed and managed for the production of trees, tree products, forage, and livestock. Silvopasture results when forage crops are deliberately introduced or enhanced in a timber production system, or timber crops are deliberately introduced or enhanced in a forage production system. As a silvopasture, timber and pasture are managed as a single integrated system.

Silvopastoral systems are designed to produce a high-value timber component, while providing short-term cash flow from the livestock component. The interactions among timber, forage, and livestock are managed …

Nebline, November 1997

NEBLINE Newsletter Archive from Nebraska Extension in Lancaster County

Seven highly effective habits for holiday food safety
Lancaster County Extension Educator receives national awards
Hints for fruit storage
Rodent damage
Houseplants from seed
Plants have many roles
Pesticide storage
Timely care of hardy chrysanthemums
Forcing bulbs
Squirrels are busy preparing for cold winter days ahead
The big sleep
Building with recycled materials a sound business practice
The repellency of hedge apples: an old wives tale
Caulking cracks and crevices prevents entry by many pests
America unbugged: fast facts about bug fears and fascinations
Reduce hay losses during storage
Control winter annual weeds in dormant alfalfa
Introducing Beef Basics IV …