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Growing South Dakota (Fall 2010), College Of Agriculture &. Biological Sciences

Growing South Dakota (Publication of the College of Agriculture, Food and Environmental Sciences)

[Page] 2 Focused on Lean Growth: Despite Challenging Times, Dean Barry Dunn Has a Vision of Growth and Excellence for ABS
[Page] 6 Building Better Communities: Horizons Helps Small Town South Dakota
[Page] 8 On Campus
[Page] 9 Urban Opportunities: A New Twist to Attract Urban Youth
[Page] 10 Saddle Up: Steers for State Helps SDSU Rodeo Program Attain Success [Page] 12 Inspiring Students: This Professor's Teaching & Research Style Is Earning Awards and Student Accolades
[Page] 14 Fish Feed :The Newest Market for South Dakota Crops 15 College News [Page] 16 Field Notes from Lyman County: Bob Fanning's Experience …

Collaboration For Improved Soil And Water Management In Eastern And Southern Africa, Charles S. Wortmann

INTSORMIL Presentations

INTSORMIL Technical Focal Areas:

Enhancing productivity and livelihood in marginal areas

Soil and water management

Integrated pest management

Mitigating post-harvest losses

Nutrition and health

Food quality, processing and safety

Broadening market access

Increasing income

Breeding, biotechnology, and biodiversity

Systematic Analysis Of Nutritional Components, Cell Wall Chemical Features And Potential Pathway(S) Of Assimilate Transport In The Developing Pods And Seeds Of Medicago Truncatula, Alka Sharma

Theses and Dissertations

Medicago truncatula is a model species for legume studies. Despite the great advances in the study of M. truncatula and development of a vast array of genetic tools and genomic resources, there is a lack of knowledge regarding the nutrient movement and accumulation in its pods and seeds. This study used a combination of the microscopic analysis, histochemical localization and the fluorescent tracers to identify the cellular course and location of nutrient movement. Temporal histochemical localization revealed that the longer duration of the accumulation of protein bodies and lipid droplets combined with the high hexoses concentration in seed apoplasm might …

Empirical Geographic Modeling Of Switchgrass Yields In The United States, Henriette I. Jager, Latha M. Baskaran, Craig C. Brandt, Ethan B. Davis

Dartmouth Scholarship

Switchgrass (Panicum virgatum L.) is a perennial grass native to the United States that has been studied as a sustainable source of biomass fuel. Although many field‐scale studies have examined the potential of this grass as a bioenergy crop, these studies have not been integrated. In this study, we present an empirical model for switchgrass yield and use this model to predict yield for the conterminous United States. We added environmental covariates to assembled yield data from field trials based on geographic location. We developed empirical models based on these data. The resulting empirical models, which account for spatial …

Effects Of Organic And Inorganic Fertilizers On Marigold Growth And Flowering, Guihong Bi, William B. Evans, James M. Spiers, Anthony L. Witcher

Agricultural and Environmental Sciences Faculty Research

Two experiments were conducted to evaluate the growth and flowering responses of greenhouse-grown French marigold (Tagetes patula L. ‘Janie Deep Orange’) to two non-composted broiler chicken litter-based organic fertilizers, 4-2-2 and 3-3-3, and one commonly used synthetic controlled-release fertilizer, 14-14-14. In both experiments, fertilizer 4-2-2 was applied at four rates of 1%, 2%, 4%, and 6% (by volume); 3-3-3 was applied at four rates of 1.34%, 2.67%, 5.34%, and 8.0% (by volume); and 14-14-14 was applied at rates of 0.99, 1.98, 3.96, and 5.94 kg·m−3. In general, substrate containing different rates and types of fertilizers had a pH within the …

Susceptibility Of Isofamilies Of Spodoptera Frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) To Cry1ac And Cry1fa Proteins Of Bacillus Thuringiensis, Carlos A. Blanco, Maribel Portilla, Juan Luis Jurat-Fuentes, Jaime F. Sanchez, Diego Viteri, Paulina Vega-Aquino, Antonio P. Teran-Vargas, Ausencio Azuara-Dominguez, Juan D. Lopez Jr., R. S. Arias, Yu-Cheng Zhu, David Lugo-Barreras, Ryan Jackson

United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service / University of Nebraska-Lincoln: Faculty Publications

The fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda (J. E. Smith), is one of the most important insect pests on the American continent. Its control has relied primarily on multiple applications of insecticides that can amount to 1,000 g of active ingredient per hectare on some of approximately 30 crops the insect damages. The use of genetically engineered crops that express Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) Berliner toxins, Bt-corn, Zea mays L.; and Bt-cotton, Gossypium hirsutum L.; are other ways to control this insect. However, fall armyworm is one of the Lepidoptera species least susceptible to Bt proteins, and a case of high tolerance to …

Nebline, September 2010

NEBLINE Newsletter Archive from Nebraska Extension in Lancaster County

Feature: Wildlife Rescue Team Helps Orphaned and Injured Wildlife

Farm Views

Horticulture

Food & Fitness

Home & Family Living

Environmental Focus

Urban Agriculture

4-H & Youth

Community Focus

Extension Calendar

Nutrition Education Program

Family and Community Education (FCE) Clubs

and other extension news and events

Role Of Sabp2 In Systemic Acquired Resistance Induced By Acibenzolar-S-Methyl In Plants., Diwaker Tripathi

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Plants have evolved an efficient mechanism to defend themselves against pathogens. Many biotic and abiotic agents have been shown to induce defense mechanism in plants. Acibenzolar-S-Methyl (ASM) is a commercially available chemical inducer of local and systemic resistance (SAR) response in plants. ASM functioning at molecular level is mostly unclear. This research was designed to investigate the mechanism of ASM action in plants. It was hypothesized that SABP2, a plant protein, plays an important role in ASM-mediated defense signaling. Biochemical studies were performed to test the interaction between SABP2 and ASM. Transgenic SABP2-silenced tobacco plants were used to determine the …

Nebline, August 2010

NEBLINE Newsletter Archive from Nebraska Extension in Lancaster County

Feature: Youth Develop Life Skills at Hands-On Clover College

Farm Views

Horticulture

Food & Fitness

Home & Family Living

Environmental Focus

Urban Agriculture

4-H & Youth

Community Focus

Extension Calendar

Nutrition Education Program

Family and Community Education (FCE) Clubs

and other extension news and events

Lancaster County Super Fair Schedule & Map Special Pullout Section

B. R. Wells Rice Research Studies 2009, R. J. Norman, K. A. K. Moldenhauer

Arkansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Series

No abstract provided.

Forage News [2010-07], Department Of Plant And Soil Sciences, University Of Kentucky

Forage News

• Kentucky Wins Awards at Recent American Forage & Grassland Council Annual Meeting
• Kentucky Host International Meeting
• Dr. Smith Becomes Professor Smith
• Tom Keene Re-elected to Forage Foundation Executive Committee
• Getting through the Summer Slump
• National Hay Association Convention
• Heart of America Grazing Conference Coming to Kentucky
• Clover Coming up in Alfalfa Fields
• Selecting Summer Annual Forage Grasses
• Abundance of Clover in 2010
• Heat Damage to Moist Hay
• The Economics of Grazing, Organic, and Confinement Dairy Farms

Nebline, July 2010

NEBLINE Newsletter Archive from Nebraska Extension in Lancaster County

Feature: See, Learn, Explore Spring Creek Prairie

Farm Views

Horticulture

Food & Fitness

Home & Family Living

Environmental Focus

Urban Agriculture

4-H & Youth

Community Focus

Extension Calendar

Nutrition Education Program

Family and Community Education (FCE) Clubs

and other extension news and events

Growing Biserrula To Improve Grain And Livestock Production, Angelo Loi, Natalie Hogg, Clinton Revell, Diana Fedorenko

Bulletins 4000 -

Biserrula pelecinus is a new genus of pasture legume which was developed for commercial agriculture by a team of Perth-based legume pasture scientists in the early 1990s. Biserrula is an annual pasture legume that is found in natural grasslands of the Mediterranean Basin, frequently on acidic soils derived from granite. It was this feature that first caught the eye of researchers who were attempting to develop species that could tolerate the soil stresses of acidity and low moisture-holding capacity. These stresses are common in WA and when they occur together they are problematical for the survival of annual medics and …

A Functional Calcium-Transporting Atpase Encoded By Chlorella Viruses, Maria Cristina Bonza, Holger Martin, Ming Kang, Gentry L. Lewis, Timo Greiner, Sonia Giacometti, James L. Van Etten, Maria Ida De Michelis, Gerhard Thiel, Anna Moroni

James Van Etten Publications

Calcium-transporting ATPases (Ca²⁺ pumps) are major players in maintaining calcium homeostasis in the cell and have been detected in all cellular organisms. Here, we report the identification of two putative Ca²⁺ pumps, M535L and C785L, encoded by chlorella viruses MT325 and AR158, respectively, and the functional characterization of M535L. Phylogenetic and sequence analyses place the viral proteins in group IIB of P-type ATPases even though they lack a typical feature of this class, a calmodulin-binding domain. A Ca²⁺ pump gene is present in 45 of 47 viruses tested and is transcribed during virus infection. Complementation analysis of …

Overall Growth Of Tomato (Lycopersicon Esculentum L. Cv. Glacier) Inoculated With Species Of Glomus And Trichoderma Growing Under Greenhouse Conditions, Brian J. Adkins

Horticulture and Crop Science

The overall plant growth of tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum L. cv. Glacier) cultivated in greenhouse conditions along with inoculation treatments of beneficial fungi species were observed. This study included 2 brand name products containing species of fungi which include: 1)Botanicare Guardian TR containing Trichoderma harzianum 10,000,000 CFU/g, T. hamatum 10,000,000 CFU/g, T. koningii 10,000,000 CFU/g; and 2)Botanicare Guardian MY containing Glomus intraradices 57 propagules/g;G. fasiculatum 57 propagules/g; G. etunicatum 57 propagules/g; G. clarum 57 propagules/g. Treatments include: Treatments: 1) 2g Botanicare Guardian TR; 2) 2g Botanicare Guardian MY; 3) 1g Botanicare Guardian TR + 1g Botanicare Guardian MY; and …

A Comparison Of Costs And Returns For Organic And Conventional Cabernet Sauvignon Grape Production In San Luis Obispo County, Amanda N. Johansen

Agribusiness

This study examined the differences in costs and profitability for established conventional and organic Cabernet Sauvignon vineyards in the Edna Valley region of San Luis Obispo County, California. The study used a partial budgeting approach to compare cost and profitability for established vineyards for 2009, and thus ignored transition costs. Data were obtained from UC Davis cost studies for organic and conventional grape production in other regions of California in previous years. Adjustments made to these costs to account for changes in input use, input costs and grape prices in San Luis Obispo County during the 2009 growing season.

The …

The Designing, Installing, And Maintaining Of A Hydroponic Nft System For Commercial Production Of Lactuca Sativa Under Greenhouse Environment Conditions, Alec C. Mayall

Horticulture and Crop Science

Commercial hydroponic vegetable production is on the rise all over the world, especially in regions where people are increasingly health conscientious, yields and quality are important, or traditional farming is impossible as in regions with non-arable lands. Hydroponics is a powerful tool for vegetable production; however, it does have technological challenges and cost barriers. This project explored the practicality of designing, installing, and maintaining a commercial hydroponic Nutrient Film Technique lettuce production system under greenhouse environmental growing conditions. A medium scale system was designed and installed in a greenhouse and then the growth stages and the scheduling of lettuce for …

The Use Of Horticulture And Gardening As A Special Education Tool At The High School Level, Krysta Marie Johnson

Horticulture and Crop Science

THIS REPORT CONTAINS PLANNING METHODS AND INSTALLATION PROCEDURE FOR A RAISED VEGETABLE GARDEN FOR WILSONVILLE HIGH SCHOOL, IN WILSONVILLE, OREGON. THE PRIMARY PURPOSE OF THE GARDEN WAS TO USE IT AS A LEARNING TOOL FOR THE SPECIAL EDUCATION DEPARTMENT AT WILSONVILLE HIGH SCHOOL. UPON DOING MORE RESEARCH IT BECAME EVIDENT THAT THE GARDEN CAN ALSO BE USED AS A HEALING TOOL FOR STUDENTS WHO SUFFER FROM ATTENTION DISORDERS AND WHO HAVE EMOTIONAL AND LEARNING DISABILITIES. THE STUDENTS HAVE BECOME INVESTED IN THE GARDEN PROJECT AND LOOK FORWARD TO DOING MORE PROJECTS WITH THEIR CLASS.

Nebline, June 2010

NEBLINE Newsletter Archive from Nebraska Extension in Lancaster County

Feature: 12 Reasons for Visiting a Farmers' Market

Farm Views

Horticulture

Food & Fitness

Home & Family Living

Environmental Focus

Urban Agriculture

4-H & Youth

Community Focus

Extension Calendar

Nutrition Education Program

Family and Community Education (FCE) Clubs

and other extension news and events

Effects Of Recycled Water On Landscape Plants, Casey R. Miranda

Master's Theses

ABSTRACT EFFECTS OF RECYCLED WATER ON LANDSCAPE PLANTS Casey Ray Miranda Recycled water is water that has been previously used, has suffered a loss of quality, and has been properly treated for redistribution (Wu et al. 2001). The use of recycled water as an alternative to fresh water in the landscape can have positive and negative effects. Experimentation on 40 different plant species during a 32 week period (2 phases of 16 weeks), was conducted to analyze the effects of recycled water irrigation on the appearance of landscape plants. Each species of plant was planted into 10 individual number 2 …

Environmental Variables Influencing The Severity Of Pierce's Disease In California Grapevines, Christopher James Boisseranc

Master's Theses

This project was designed to correlate environmental variables with the development of Pierce’s Disease (PD), an infection caused by the gram negative bacterium Xylella fastidiosa (Xf), in grapes (Hopkins et al. 2002). PD is one of the most difficult crop pathogens to manage because it is vectored by insects and its continued presence in the vine is usually fatal. PD is influenced by the interaction of host, disease and vector, and probably many other environmental variables. The general objective was to study and identify the most important variables involved in the expression of Pierce’s Disease.

Over a two year period, …

Poisonous Rangeland Plants In San Luis Obispo County, Sara Litten, Amanda Ou

Animal Science

Poisonous Rangeland Plants in San Luis Obispo County is a comprehensive educational guide to rangeland plants that are toxic to domestic livestock. This guide begins with an exploration of how the biological systems are affected by the poisonous plant toxins. The biochemistry behind these toxins is included in the discussion. Next, reference material for fourteen plants that inhabit San Luis Obispo County is provided. This information includes specific toxins found in poisonous plants, affected animals, symptoms of poisoning, stages of growth, lethal dose, and distribution of the plant in California. This section of the guide is filled with helpful photos …

Good Agricultural Practices For Food Safety Of Fresh Produce, Laurie Hodges

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

What are the guiding principles of food safety for fresh produce?

• Once contaminated, removing or killing pathogens on produce is very difficult.

• Preventing microbial contamination at all steps, from production to distribution, is strongly favored over treatments to eliminate contamination that may have occurred.

• Document the implementation of prevention programs, and educate workers at all levels of the agricultural and packing environments on food safety.

Key Signatures of a Credible Food Safety Program

The following is a condensed checklist of practices and conditions that reduce the potential for fresh produce to be exposed to pathogenic microbes. Review …

Nebline, May 2010

NEBLINE Newsletter Archive from Nebraska Extension in Lancaster County

Feature: Groundwater, a Vital Nebraska Resource

Farm Views

Horticulture

Food & Fitness

Home & Family Living

Environmental Focus

Urban Agriculture

4-H & Youth

Community Focus

Extension Calendar

Nutrition Education Program

Family and Community Education (FCE) Clubs

and other extension news and events

Refinement Of Innovative Watermelon Grafting Methods With Appropriate Choice Of Developmental Stage, Rootstock Type, And Root Treatment To Increase Grafting Success, Frederic Memmott

All Theses

ABSTRACT
Watermelon grafting methods used in Europe and Asia vary, but are based on efficiency, skill and needs. China mainly practices the whole insertion grafting method, whereas, Europe and Japan employ the one cotyledon (splice/slant–cut) grafting method. These methods are not suitable for grafting production in the U.S. due to the labor intensive and high labor cost necessary to successfully produce grafted transplants. This thesis introduced a modified grafting technique called the “Cotyledon Devoid Method” and in three experiments determined; 1) the rootstock leaf number stage (RLNS) at which the greatest grafting success is achieved; 2) the relationship between total …

Effect Of Grazing System On Livestock Performance, Botanical Composition, And Standing Crop In The Nebraska Sandhills, Mitchell B. Stephenson

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research

A 10-year study compared a 4-pasture deferred-rotation (DR) grazing system with an 8-pasture short duration grazing (SDG) system at the Barta Brothers Ranch near Rose, NE to determine differences in livestock performance, botanical composition, and standing crop. Pastures were grazed by 50 to100 cow-calf pairs with both single (DR system) and multiple (SDG system) grazing periods from 15 May to 15 October. Livestock performance data were collected from spayed heifers substituted into each grazing system during the last 3 years of the study. Botanical composition was collected on 275 frequency of occurrence transects in 1998, 2003, and 2008. Standing crop …

Comparative Performance Of Fluorometry And High Performance Liquid Chromatography In The Detection Of Aflatoxin M1 In Two Commercial Cheeses, Gustavo Peña

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Aflatoxin M1 (AFM₁) is frequently found in milk and dairy products. It is a metabolite formed in cows from aflatoxin B1 (AFB₁), contained in animal feeds. In cheese production AFM₁ distributes between curds and whey. In this study, cows were fed 64 µg/AFB₁/d for the high treatment, and 5 µg/AFB₁/d for the low treatment, to obtain milk contaminated with AFM1 over the 0.5 µg/L and under 0.05 µg/L restrictions, respectively. Cheese was manufactured with milk contaminated with AFM₁ at 0.8 and 0.03 ìg/kg by the higher and lower …

Optimizing The Physical And Nutritional Environment Of Unleached Root-Zones, Curtis B. Adams

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Unleached root-zones represent an environmental ideal by eliminating wasteful leaching of nutrients and water. NASA grows plants in space in unleached root-zones, incorporating polymer-coated fertilizer (PCF) into a ceramic media (Turface or Profile). However, lack of growth productivity in space has led to the need for research to improve the nutritional and physical environment of the root-zone, which is the objective of this research. PCF types are diverse in release characteristics and the effects of temperature and substrate water content have not been well characterized. In spite of widespread use, studies on chemical properties and applied studies to verify soil …

The Influence Of Collective Action And Policy In The Development Of Local Food Systems, Lori Porreca

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The modern global agrifood system has had significant negative impacts on consumers and producers. This has precipitated the rise of local food systems that are purported to improve the health and livelihoods of consumers and producers. High expectations have led to significant public and private resources dedicated to the development of local food systems. Despite this, there has been little systematic research exploring the social and institutional conditions that facilitate or frustrate local food system development.

Using a comparative case study approach, this study explored the ways local structural conditions, collective action, food system policies, and the political context affect …

Biological And Mechanical Approaches To Sunscald Management In Bell Pepper Production, Samuel D. Day

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Producing red bell peppers in high temperature and light environments can be challenging because many new semi-indeterminate varieties produce small plant canopies that leave fruit exposed to damage (sunscald) caused by solar radiation. Pepper production in Utah coincides with high air temperatures and solar radiation levels during July, August, and September. Increasing plant canopy size is one way to protect fruit from solar radiation. Low tunnels optimize plant growth by increasing air and soil temperatures. Growing plants under low tunnels early in the season could increase fruit shading later in the season. Another way to protect fruit is by using …