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Optimizing The Use Of Grazed Dryland Pasture In Western Oregon, T E. Bedell
Optimizing The Use Of Grazed Dryland Pasture In Western Oregon, T E. Bedell
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
When they are properly fertilized, western Oregon dryland pastures of subterranean dover with grasses such as perennial rp:g:rass, tall fescue, and resident annuals produce total annual dry-matter yields averaging 6,500 kg/ha. Some sites are capable of over 9,000 kg/ha. Optimum use of this forage is complicated by its highly seasonal availability. Over 50 % of the total growth occurs from late April to mid-June. Only about 10% takes place during autumn-early winter, and virtually none occurs during summer. Research shows livestock weight gains from 300 to over 700 kg/ha can be expected depending upon pasture mixture and kind of grazing …
Diet Quality Considerations In The Design And Management Of Pastures In Seasonally Dry Tropics Of Australia, R L. Mccown, C J. Gardener
Diet Quality Considerations In The Design And Management Of Pastures In Seasonally Dry Tropics Of Australia, R L. Mccown, C J. Gardener
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Much of Australian tropical-pasture research in the last 20 years has been aimed at filling the "protein gap" of the dry season with a well-adapted legume. Several such legumes are now available, but their contribution to an improved nutritional regimen has been variable. This paper puts forward generalizations as to the contribution of pasture components to cattle nutrition and attempts to apply this information in devising regional strategies for pasture design and management. The contribution of a forage component is a function of (1) its nutritive value and (2) its relative acceptability. Three components emerge as both highly nutritious and …
Development Of A Pasture Research Program For The Tropical Savanna Region Of Brazil, D Thomas, C P. Moore, W Couto, R P. De Andrade, C.M C. Da Rocha, D T. Gomes
Development Of A Pasture Research Program For The Tropical Savanna Region Of Brazil, D Thomas, C P. Moore, W Couto, R P. De Andrade, C.M C. Da Rocha, D T. Gomes
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
The tropical savannas (cerrados) of west central Brazil contain almost 40% of the nation's cattle population. However, the low productivity and nutritive value of the native pastures is a serious limitation to cattle production. To improve the nutrition of the grazing animal, a research program has been developed with emphasis on the integrated use of cultivated pastures. The program aims (1) to select species adapted to the cerrados, (2) to determine their nutrient requirements, and (3) to develop methods of establishment and utilization. The program is being conducted at the Cerrados Agricultural Research Center (CP AC) at lat 15°S. Rainfall …
Yield And Quality Of Tropical Legumes During The Dry Season: Galactia Striata (Jacq.) Urb., R R. Vera, E A. Pizarro, M Martins, J.A. C. Viana
Yield And Quality Of Tropical Legumes During The Dry Season: Galactia Striata (Jacq.) Urb., R R. Vera, E A. Pizarro, M Martins, J.A. C. Viana
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
A small-plot experiment was conducted during 2 consecutive years in the cerrados of Brazil to evaluate the effect of four dates of deferment (21 February, 7 and 21 March, and 4 April, respectively) on rate of growth, chemical composition, and in-vitro dry-matter digestibility (IVDMD) of a pure stand of Galactia striata, a naturalized legume. The chosen dates of deferment embraced the last 2 months of the rainy season. Yields were estimated at intervals of 28 days, over an experimental period of 237 days, ending with the beginning of the following rainy season. Asymptotic growth was observed throughout the experimental period. …
Changes In Quality And Composition Of Alfalfa During Autumn, S C. Fleming, M Collins, N A. Jorgensen
Changes In Quality And Composition Of Alfalfa During Autumn, S C. Fleming, M Collins, N A. Jorgensen
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Autumn harvest of alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) offers a potential for obtaining additional forage production during a particular season. Little is known about the quality or changes in the chemical composition of this forage. The objective of this research was to examine changes in chemical composition, dry-matter intake (DMI), and apparent digestibility of alfalfa during autumn in Wisconsin. An established stand of Vernal alfalfa, early bud to midbud, was harvested using a flail harvester on 5 and 20 October and 5 and 18 November 1979. The forage was dried at 55°C for 72 to 96 hours in burlap bags. A …
Animal Production With Controlled And Fixed Stocking And Managed Stocking Rates, R E. Blaser, J T. Johnson, F Mcclaughterty, J P. Fontenot, R C. Hammes Jr, H T. Bryant, D D. Wolf, D A. Mays
Animal Production With Controlled And Fixed Stocking And Managed Stocking Rates, R E. Blaser, J T. Johnson, F Mcclaughterty, J P. Fontenot, R C. Hammes Jr, H T. Bryant, D D. Wolf, D A. Mays
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Grazing experiments were conducted to implement and improve animal-grazing-management systems. The primary objectives were (experiment 1) to investigate animal production with fixed and controlled stocking and (experiment 2) to study animal production and canopy characteristics with three managed stocking rates. Live-weight gains/head for the grazing season were similar for fixed and controlled stocking; during a summer period, gains/head were higher for controlled stocking. Gains/head were not associated with available herbage. The canopies with fixed stocking had 28% to 82% more forage than those with controlled stocking, the former being high in dead tissues and stems. Controlled stocking gave 61 % …
Use Of Principal-Component Analysis In Summarizing Nutritive And Analytical Characteristics Of Forages, O T. Stallcup, C J. Brown, Z B. Johnson, D L. Kreider, J O. York
Use Of Principal-Component Analysis In Summarizing Nutritive And Analytical Characteristics Of Forages, O T. Stallcup, C J. Brown, Z B. Johnson, D L. Kreider, J O. York
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Principal component analysis and other multivariate analyses have not been used extensively to analyze forage data. Our objective was the synthesis and summary of 98 digestion trials on forages using a principal-component analysis. The ten variables studied in all trials were dry matter (DM), crude protein (CP), digestible protein (DP), crude fiber (CF), ether extract (EE), nitrogen-free extract (NFE), ash (A), gross energy (GE), total digestible nutrients (TDN), and digestible energy (DE). Acid detergent fiber (ADF), acid detergent lignin (ADL), and cellulose (C) were summarized, in addition, for some forages. When data on thirteen variables in 24 hays were summarized, …
Yield And Forage Quality Of Panicum Virgatum, J L. Griffin, G A. Jung
Yield And Forage Quality Of Panicum Virgatum, J L. Griffin, G A. Jung
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
In the temperate areas of the U.S.A., high temperatures and low soil moisture in summer limit the production of cool-season grasses and, consequently, the size of most beef cow-calf herds. Warm-season grasses, most productive in midsummer, may serve as a supplement to cool-season grasses for grazing and hay. Switchgrass (Panicum virgatum L. ), a warm-season species native to the Great Plains of the U.S.A., was grown on soils low in available phosphorus at two locations in Pennsylvania to determine changes in forage dry-matter yields, leaf (leaf blade): stem (sheath+ stem) ratios, and quality of leaf and stem fractions associated …
Effect Of Experimental Methods On Results Of Voluntary Intake Experiments With Grass Cultivars, U Simon, P Daniel
Effect Of Experimental Methods On Results Of Voluntary Intake Experiments With Grass Cultivars, U Simon, P Daniel
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
The amount of forage eaten by farm animals when forage is offered ad libitum is a major factor in the nutritive value of forage grasses. It is influenced by a number of internal and external factors. Experimental results of studies on the subject :reported in the literature are often contradictory, partially because, perhaps, of the methods of evaluation employed. We studied whether and to what extent different experimental procedures influenced the results of intake experiments in grass cultivars. Four cultivars of Lolium perenne differing in ploidy level and precocity were fed to sheep ad libitum, and voluntary intake was assessed …
Effect Of Feeding Level And Forage: Concentrate Ratio On The Digestibility Of Pelleted Diets By Sheep And Cattle, G.M J. Horton, M J. Farmer, B E. Melton, S Sklane
Effect Of Feeding Level And Forage: Concentrate Ratio On The Digestibility Of Pelleted Diets By Sheep And Cattle, G.M J. Horton, M J. Farmer, B E. Melton, S Sklane
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Sheep are frequently used to determine the nutritive value of cattle feeds. However, there is some evidence that digestion coefficients for cattle and sheep may differ and that digestibility may be influenced by feeding level. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of feeding level and animal species on the digestibility of pelleted diets containing different ratios of alfalfa hay to barley grain. Five 4O-kg yearling crossbred lambs and four 35O-kg yearling steers were used to evaluate each diet. The six diets were isonitrogenous, containing the following proportions of barley grain and alfalfa hay (percentage as fed …
Nutritive Value Of Cattle Diets On Fertilized And Unfertilized Blue Grama Rangeland, J D. Wallace, F J. Cordova, G B. Donart, R D. Pieper
Nutritive Value Of Cattle Diets On Fertilized And Unfertilized Blue Grama Rangeland, J D. Wallace, F J. Cordova, G B. Donart, R D. Pieper
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Low levels of nitrogen (N) fertilization can substantia1ly increase forage production on native rangeland if adequate precipitation is available. The objective of this study was to_ compare nutritive value of diets selected by Hereford steers grazing unfertilized and N-fertilized (45 kg N/ha) rangeland in south central New Mexico. The study area consisted of two adjacent pastures of approximately 60 ha each, containing comparable areas ofbottomland, upland, and hillside sites. Stocking rates were 4.8 and 2.4 ha/yearling steer for control and N-fertilized pastures, respectively. Dietary samples were collected from esophageally fistulated steers (average weight 308 kg) during early, middle, and late …
Diet Selection By Cattle On Tropical Pastures In Northern Australia, B Walker, M T. Rutherford, P C. Whiteman
Diet Selection By Cattle On Tropical Pastures In Northern Australia, B Walker, M T. Rutherford, P C. Whiteman
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Diet selection by steers in northern Australia on a continuously grazed pasture of Setaria sphacelata var. sericea (Kazungula), Macroptilium atropurpureum (siratro), and Stylosanthes guianensis var. guianensis (Schofield) was studied. The pasture treatment that supported the highest annual weight gains (254 kg/steer) in a stocking-rate experiment had 1.7 steers/ha. Mean annual rain-fall was 1,490 mm, with 70 % falling from December to March. Monthly average temperatures are highest in December (30 .1 °C) and lowest in July (11. 9°C). Pastures were sampled in 1973 (seven 3-day periods) and 1975-1976 (six 3-day periods) with three esophageal fistulated steers. Extrusa samples were analyzed …
Combination Range-Pasture Management In South Florida For A Low-Energy Grassland Program, L L. Yarlett
Combination Range-Pasture Management In South Florida For A Low-Energy Grassland Program, L L. Yarlett
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
The semitropical environment of south Florida is favorable for coordinated management of a wide variety of native grass species and improved pasture forages. The decade of the 1980s will emphasize change from forage programs of high energy utilization to those with a low requirement of fossil fuels. For 4 decades, grassland management in south Florida has been primarily pasture establishment created from the rangeland resource. The establishment and management required substantial inputs of fossil fuel. Use and management of rangeland was largely neglected. Ecological concepts as a basis for managing semitropical ranges were not accepted. In recent years practical programs …
Effect Of Herbage Mass And Allowance Upon Herbage Intake By Grazing Dairy Cows, J.A C. Meijs
Effect Of Herbage Mass And Allowance Upon Herbage Intake By Grazing Dairy Cows, J.A C. Meijs
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
An adequate supply of nutrients for grazing animals depends on the intake and nutritive value of herbage. Little information is available on factors affecting herbage intake of grazing cows, particularly for grazing systems that do not involve daily change of animals to a new pasture. Our objectives were to determine the effects of variation in herbage mass ( due to variation in stage of maturity) and of herbage allowance on herbage intake by grazing dairy cows and on efficiency of consumption (herbage consumed as a proportion of herbage accumulated). From 1976 to 1979 the herbage intake oflactating cows was determined …
Round Baling From Field Practices Through Storage And Feeding, W L. Kjelgaard, P M. Anderson, L D. Hoffman, L L. Wilson, H W. Harpster
Round Baling From Field Practices Through Storage And Feeding, W L. Kjelgaard, P M. Anderson, L D. Hoffman, L L. Wilson, H W. Harpster
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
A model analysis compared labor and fuel requirements for round and rectangular bale systems. Round baling reduced harvesting, transport, and handling labor by one-half but increased fuel use by a factor of 1.6. When data from field studies of all dry matter (DM) losses were included, round baling required 80 % as much labor and 200 % as much fuel as did rectangular baling. Baling losses for round balers and stackers averaged 10 % compared with 3 % for rectangular balers. ·Dry-matter losses from mowing through feeding of field-cured round bales, including 6 months of outdoor storage, totaled 41 % …
Effect Of Formic Acid- Formaldehyde Treatments On The Nitrogenous Constituents In Annual Ryegrass Silage, M L. Fishman, F Mchan, D Burdick
Effect Of Formic Acid- Formaldehyde Treatments On The Nitrogenous Constituents In Annual Ryegrass Silage, M L. Fishman, F Mchan, D Burdick
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Prevention of proteolysis during ensiling is important in preserving the nutritive value of silage. Hence, the mechanism by which silage protein is protected against degradation was studied in wilted annual ryegrass (Lolium multiflorium Lam.) silage pretreated with formic acid, formaldehyde, and a formic acid-formaldehyde mixture. Raw-wilted ryegrass, control ryegrass silage, and treated ryegrass silage were extracted and fractionated under conditions previously found to maximize yield of nitrogenous constituents and minimize proteolysis during the extraction of fresh grass. Extractions were by boric acid-borate buffer at pH 8.0 with and without detergent (1 % sodium dodecyl sulfate). Sodium metabisulfite, an antioxidant, was …
Leveraging Ict Adoption And Electricity Access For Sustainable Agricultural Productivity Among Nigerian Households, Menghan Huang, Qin Chen, Oluwayemisi Kadijat Adeleke, Mamdouh Abdulaziz Saleh Al-Faryan
Leveraging Ict Adoption And Electricity Access For Sustainable Agricultural Productivity Among Nigerian Households, Menghan Huang, Qin Chen, Oluwayemisi Kadijat Adeleke, Mamdouh Abdulaziz Saleh Al-Faryan
The Philippine Agricultural Scientist
This study investigated ICT adoption (mobile phone and internet usage), access to electricity, and their impact on household agricultural productivity in Nigeria, Africa’s largest economy. Utilizing Wave 4 (2018 to 2019) Living Standards Measurement Study–Integrated Survey on Agriculture (LSMS–ISA) data covering 4,980 household heads, this study applied logit regression and Propensity Score Matching (PSM) for estimation, alongside a Cobb-Douglas production function to analyze input contributions to agricultural output. The findings revealed that the age, residential location, educational level, and access to electricity of household heads significantly determine technology adoption among farming households. Furthermore, ICT adoption exhibits a significant, positive relationship …
Effect Of Leaf Harvesting Frequency On Cassava Leaf Production And Tuber Yield Of Binulak, Lakan 1 (Upl Cv-2), And Sultan 6 (Nsic 2003 Cv-25), Fides Marciana Z. Tambalo, Rosa Buena A. Capuno, Hiyasmin Rose L. Benzon, Jayson F. Garcia, Lizette Sahar N. Arcillas, Rona Joy C. Tud
Effect Of Leaf Harvesting Frequency On Cassava Leaf Production And Tuber Yield Of Binulak, Lakan 1 (Upl Cv-2), And Sultan 6 (Nsic 2003 Cv-25), Fides Marciana Z. Tambalo, Rosa Buena A. Capuno, Hiyasmin Rose L. Benzon, Jayson F. Garcia, Lizette Sahar N. Arcillas, Rona Joy C. Tud
The Philippine Agricultural Scientist
Cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) is a vital staple crop in many developing countries, valued for its adaptability and dual-purpose use of roots and leaves. This study investigated the effects of leaf harvesting frequency on the leaf and tuber yields of 3 locally grown cassava varieties: Binulak, Lakan 1, and Sultan 6. The experiment followed a split plot in a Randomized Complete Block Design with 4 treatments varying in leaf harvesting frequency and initiation. Cassava leaves were harvested at 4, 6, 8, or 10 mo after planting (MAP), and tubers were harvested at 10 MAP. Results indicated that leaf yield …
In Vitro Assessment Of The Reproductive Biology Of Sweet Potato Weevil, Cylas Formicarius (Fabricius) (Coleoptera: Brentidae) Among Commonly Grown Sweet Potato Cultivars, Jerah Mystica Novenario, Flor A. Ceballo-Alcantara
In Vitro Assessment Of The Reproductive Biology Of Sweet Potato Weevil, Cylas Formicarius (Fabricius) (Coleoptera: Brentidae) Among Commonly Grown Sweet Potato Cultivars, Jerah Mystica Novenario, Flor A. Ceballo-Alcantara
The Philippine Agricultural Scientist
The sweet potato weevil, Cylas formicarius (Fabricius), is a devastating pest of sweet potato, Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam., with a specific point of damage at the tuber where eggs are oviposited, and voracious larvae feed. Farmers in Tarlac province in the Philippines claim that a specific cultivar is highly infested by the pest, suggesting that other cultivars may not be susceptible to the pest damage. This study aimed to determine the reproductive biology of the weevil across 3 sweet potato cultivars (Inubi, Super Bureau, and Bureau) frequently grown in Central Luzon. Since the weevils are nocturnal, behavioral observations were conducted …
Marker-Assisted Identification Of Hybrids In Polyembryonic ‘Carabao’ Mango (Mangifera Indica L.) Breeding In The Philippines, John Edward L. Felipe, Kyla Andrea G. Mendoza, Benjamin Christian J. Esguerra, Carolyn E. Alcasid, Gino R. Hernandez, Eureka Teresa M. Ocampo
Marker-Assisted Identification Of Hybrids In Polyembryonic ‘Carabao’ Mango (Mangifera Indica L.) Breeding In The Philippines, John Edward L. Felipe, Kyla Andrea G. Mendoza, Benjamin Christian J. Esguerra, Carolyn E. Alcasid, Gino R. Hernandez, Eureka Teresa M. Ocampo
The Philippine Agricultural Scientist
Varietal improvement of the Philippine ‘Carabao’ mango (Mangifera indica L.) through conventional breeding is constrained by polyembryony, which makes it difficult to distinguish zygotic hybrids from nucellar seedlings at early developmental stages. This study evaluated the utility of simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers for early and accurate identification of hybrids in polyembryonic ‘Carabao’ mango crosses. Genomic DNA was isolated from 24 parental accessions and 61 putative hybrid seedlings using a modified CTAB protocol that yielded DNA suitable for PCR-based marker analysis. Eighty-one SSR markers were screened across 29 parental combinations, of which 64 markers (79.0%) were polymorphic in at …
Postharvest Response Of Jute Mallow (Corchorus Olitorius L.) Tops To Different Storage Temperatures, Wella L. Absulio-Morales, James L. Tababa, Daphne Cassandra H. Gonzales, Genesis M. Banawa, Angelo C. Castro, Arlan James D. Rodeo
Postharvest Response Of Jute Mallow (Corchorus Olitorius L.) Tops To Different Storage Temperatures, Wella L. Absulio-Morales, James L. Tababa, Daphne Cassandra H. Gonzales, Genesis M. Banawa, Angelo C. Castro, Arlan James D. Rodeo
The Philippine Agricultural Scientist
Jute mallow (Corchorus olitorius L.), locally known as saluyot, is a nutrient-rich leafy vegetable, but its potential remains underutilized due to its high perishability. This study determined the postharvest behavior of jute tops stored at 4 different temperatures (5, 13, 20, and 28 °C). Key quality parameters were measured at specific time intervals. The marketable shelf life of jute tops was 7 d at 5 and 13 °C, but only 2 and 3 d at 28 and 20 °C, respectively. This shorter shelf life was mainly due to wilting caused by high weight loss, especially at higher temperatures. …
Effects Of Irrigation And Nitrogen Management On Yield And Leaching Risk In Organic And Conventional Broccoli Fields, Shane Egerstrom
Effects Of Irrigation And Nitrogen Management On Yield And Leaching Risk In Organic And Conventional Broccoli Fields, Shane Egerstrom
Master's Theses
Under regulatory pressures to reduce groundwater contamination by nitrate from fertilizer, such as those posed by the Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board’s Agricultural Order 4.0, a need exists to better understand interactions between irrigation and nitrogen (N) management. To increase N use efficiency (NUE), growers are encouraged to account for additional sources of N in their management plans, such as irrigation water N and preplant soil N. The availability of these N sources for plant uptake and how it is affected by other management conditions is not yet well documented. We conducted 6 field trials, 3 organic and …
Effects Of Water Stress On Herbage Quality, J R. Wilson
Effects Of Water Stress On Herbage Quality, J R. Wilson
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Uncertainty exists about whether drought is detrimental to the nutritive quality of herbage. This paper tries to resolve this uncertainty by examining the influence of soil moisture on some herbage-quality characteristics. Unpublished data from my own work and review of published literature are presented. Field plots of three tropical grasses, green panic (Panicum maximum var. trichoglume), buffelgrass (Cenchrus ciliaris), and speargrass (Heteropogon contortus), were subjected to perioqs of controlled drought, and herbage from these plots was compared with that from well-watered plots. Leaf and stem dry-matter ?igestibility of water-stressed herbage was either similar to or higher than that of unstressed …
A Descriptive Scheme For Stages Of Development In Perennial Forage Grasses, U Simon, B H. Park
A Descriptive Scheme For Stages Of Development In Perennial Forage Grasses, U Simon, B H. Park
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
A descriptive scheme of morphological stages of development in forage grasses is urgently needed for scientific investigations as well as for practical purposes. It could be used for precise timing of management measures, such as application of fertilizers and herbicides, and in harvesting with respect to a certain level of forage yield and/or quality. Existing schemes, like the Feekes scale and its modifications, were devised for cereals. They do not adequately consider the peculiar stages of development of perennial grasses grown for forage. We propose a scheme that consists of consecutive stages of the following phases of plant development: number …
Pasture Evaluation In The Desertic Zone Of Venezuela For The Development Of Goat Production, A Gallardo, A Leone
Pasture Evaluation In The Desertic Zone Of Venezuela For The Development Of Goat Production, A Gallardo, A Leone
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
The desertic zone of Venezuela is an area of approximately 4.1 million ha that represents 4.8 % of the total national territory, on which there are two million goats. Goats represent the main, if not the only, income source for 60,000 rural families. According to UNESCO (1973), the desertic zone of the country comprises two vegetation types, evergreen scrub and deciduous scrub. In each of these zones the plant species consumed by goats were collected and, for those plant parts consumed by the animals, chemically analyzed to determine nutritive value. Forage plants from other tropical countries were also introduced and …
Nutritional Quality Of Leaf Proteins Prepared From Crops Containing Phenolic Compounds And Polyphenolase, T Horigome, S Uchida
Nutritional Quality Of Leaf Proteins Prepared From Crops Containing Phenolic Compounds And Polyphenolase, T Horigome, S Uchida
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Many studies have indicated that leaf protein prepared by green crop fractionation affords good potential as a protein supplement. It has been noted, however, that there were some marked differences between crops in the nutritional quality ofleaf protein in spite of a similarity in amino-acid composition between leaf proteins made from different crops. We previously showed that brown casein, which was produced by the interaction of milk casein with phenolics undergoing enzymic oxidation, had lower nutritional value than original casein. In addition, it has been suggested that leaf proteins prepared from crops containing phenolics and polyphenolase were brown after extraction …
Physiological And Morphological Advances For Forage Improvement, J P. Cooper
Physiological And Morphological Advances For Forage Improvement, J P. Cooper
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Forage production basically involves the conversion of environmental inputs to provide digestible energy and other nutrients for ruminant livestock. The plant breeder needs to consider the seasonal inputs or constraints in his particular environment, the efficiency of the crop in responding to these factors, those features of the plant that contribute to this efficiency, and the degree to which those features can be modified by selection and breeding. Forage production basically involves the conversion of environmental inputs to provide digestible energy and other nutrients for ruminant livestock. The plant breeder needs to consider the seasonal inputs or constraints in his …
Potential Productivity Of Temperate And Tropical Grassland Systems, G O. Mott
Potential Productivity Of Temperate And Tropical Grassland Systems, G O. Mott
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Grasses of temperate regions of the world belong primarily to the subfamily Festucoideae, whereas tropical regions are populated by tribes of the Panicoideae subfamily. Temperate grasses have a C3 biochemical pathway of photosynthesis in contrast to tropical grasses, which have a C4 photosynthetic mechan-ism. Both tropical and temperate legumes are C3 plants. Compatible mixtures of legumes and grasses have long been successful in many temperate regions, but combining C4 grasses and C3 legumes as mixtures in the tropics has been only moderately successful. Maximum net primary productions of temperate and tropical grasslands are in the order of 25 and 80 …
Forage Quality: Assessing The Plant-Animal Complex, D J. Minson
Forage Quality: Assessing The Plant-Animal Complex, D J. Minson
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
At the VI International Grassland Congress held at Pennsylvania State College in 1952, the late Dr. C.P. McMeekan reviewed the many problems associated with the plant-animal complex. Great stress was placed on the need to measure forage intake accurately as a prerequisite to an under-standing of the plant-animal complex. Progress in the development of more accurate :methods of estimating the forage intake of grazing animals is reviewed, including the introduction of different methods of administering chromic oxide, the esophageal fistula for obtaining samples of selectively grazed material, the in-vitro technique for estimating the digestibility of the forage eaten, and the …
Growth And Development Of Two Echinochloa Millet Species In A Warm Temperate Climate, D K. Muldoon
Growth And Development Of Two Echinochloa Millet Species In A Warm Temperate Climate, D K. Muldoon
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Most summer forage crops fall into either the sorghum or the millet species group. Included in the millet group are two species, Echinochloa utilis and Echinochloa frumentacea, commonly known as Japanese barnyard millet and Indian barnyard millet, respectively. These species have a negligible HCN potential and higher nutritive value than Sorghum species. However, they generally flower early, yield less than forage sorghum , and lack vigor in regrowth. In this study the pattern of growth and development of two Echinochloa millets was examined as part of a larger program of improving the production of these forage species. E. utilis …