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Effect Of Zinc On Phytoremediation Potential And Carbonic Anhydrase And Polyphenoloxidase Activities Of Lythrum Salicaria L., Nüket Akanil Bi̇ngöl, Betül Akin, İsmai̇l Kocaçalişkan, Barbaros Nalbantoğlu, Onur Meşeli̇

Turkish Journal of Botany

In this study, Lythrum salicaria plant was tested in hydroponic culture to demonstrate its zinc accumulating capacity and tolerance to different zinc levels. Lythrum salicaria seedlings were grown in 10% Hoagland solution containing 0, 5, 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 75, and 100 mg/L zinc, and 30 mg/L zinc with different pH levels (5, 6, and 7). Following this, the seedlings were harvested after 1st, 2nd, 4th and 7th days. Zinc caused significant decreases in the relative values of the mean root-shoot length and fresh weight of the plant (92 to 75%; 100 to 92%; 64.2 to 41.2%, respectively), and …

Physiological, Biochemical, And Metabolic Responses Of Abiotic Plant Stress: Salinity And Drought, Kiarash Jamshidi Goharrizi, Michael R. Hamblin, Soraya Karami, Maryam Nazari

Turkish Journal of Botany

The most important types of abiotic stress that affect agricultural crops throughout the world are drought and salinity. These stresses will continue to worsen as the current climate crisis progresses. Plants have evolved a complex set of mechanisms in order to protect themselves from salt and drought. At the macrobiological level, these include alterations in growth rate, water balance, antioxidant defenses, and photosynthesis. Altered metabolites include proline, carbohydrates, glycine betaine, gamma-aminobutyric acid, and polyamines. It is not surprising, thus, that one of the most important research areas of plant biology is the study of plant responses to abiotic stress and …

Altered Water Relations, Selective Nutrient Uptake, And Reduced Na+ Flux Makehalopeplis Perfoliata An Obligate Halophyte, Sarwat Ghulam Rasool, Muhammad Zaheer Ahmed, Abdul Hameed, Bilquees Gul

Turkish Journal of Botany

Halopeplis perfoliata, a succulent halophyte of coastal marshy habitats, was grown in a greenhouse to study its adaptive responses in terms of growth, osmoregulation, and N-metabolism following one-month exposure to salinity (0, 150, 300, and 600 mmol L-1 NaCl). Biomass was optimal in 150 mmol L-1 NaCl with unaltered malondialdehyde (MDA) levels. On the other hand, biomass remained comparable to non-saline control with some increase in MDA in 300 and 600 mmol L-1 NaCl. Osmotic potential (?S ) was maintained up to 300 mmol L-1 NaCl that correlated with an increase in succulence (SC) and lower water deficit (WD), whereas …

Mirnas Involved In Drought Stress In Italian Ryegrass (Lolium Multiflorum L.), Gürkan Demi̇rkol

Turkish Journal of Botany

miRNAs have been characterized as a regulator of main processes in plants by silencing genes. The functions of microRNAs have been studied in various crops, hovewer, no studies have been observed about miRNAs in Italian rygrass (Lolium multiflorum L.) against drought stress. This experiment aimed to reveal the involvement of miRNAs against drought stress in sensitive and tolerant Italian ryegrass genotypes. Four genotypes (G1 and G2 as drought sensitive - G3 and G4 as drought tolerant) were selected. The sensitivities of these genotypes against drought stress were verified by performing growth parameters, relative water and proline contents under normal and …

In Vitro Physiological Effects Of Origanum Onites L. (Lamiaceae) Essential Oil Treatmenton Human Origin Cell Lines, Gül İpek Gündoğan, Ebru Özdemi̇r Nath

Turkish Journal of Botany

Origanum onites L. belongs to the Lamiaceae family which is commonly used for symptomatic treatment of the diseases of the gastrointestinal, endocrine, and respiratory systems in Turkish ethnobotanical studies and public. In this study our aim was to investigate the physiological effects of O. onites essential oil (OE) on A549 human lung cancer, MIA PaCa human pancreas cancer and HUVEC human endothelial cell lines. Our findings showed that

Applications Of Crispr/Cas9-Based Genome Editing In The Plant Biology, Yingzhuan Zheng, Qianqian Li, Mingwang Ye, Aie Cehn, Hongyang Wang

Turkish Journal of Botany

Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats/CRISPR-associated proteins (CRISPR/Cas) is an acquired immune system found in bacteria and archaea that can specifically silence or degrade a foreign single or double strand nucleic acid to protect it from infection. In recent years, the CRISPR/Cas9 system has rapidly been evolved into a genome editing technology, in which the Cas9 endonuclease can be targeted to specific DNA sequences by guide RNAs (gRNAs) that are easily programmable. Due to simplicity, specificity and high efficiency, CRISPR/Cas9 is gradually replacing other gene editing technologies and has been implemented in basic and applied plant sciences to boost yield, …

Traditional Herbal Remedies Used In Kidney Diseases In Turkey: An Overview, Şükran Kültür, Bahar Gürdal, Aynur Sari, Gülay Meli̇koğlu

Turkish Journal of Botany

Ethnobotanical and ethnomedicinal studies have become increasingly recognised as a valuable source of information on the use and possible pharmacological activity of many plant species. There is no study presenting traditional herbal remedies used for kidney diseases in Turkey. The purpose of the paper is to compile herbal remedies used in kidney diseases in Turkey with detailed usage information and chemical constituents. The botanical names, families, and local names; used parts; preparation methods; administration/ dosage; kidney problems and chemical constituents were presented by screening ethnobotanical, ethnomedicinaland phytochemical studies. The most cited plant families, the most cited genera, and the most …

Ecological Assessment Of Burç Reservoir's Surface Water (Turkey) Using Phytoplanktonmetrics And Multivariate Approach, Abuzer Çelekli̇, Gülümser Özpinar

Turkish Journal of Botany

The present study aimed to elucidate relationships between phytoplankton species and stressors using multivariate approaches and assess the environmental condition of Burç Reservoir?s surface water using phytoplankton metrics from September 2018 to August 2019 according to implementations of the Water Framework Directive. Burç Reservoir had a characteristic of a warm monomictic pattern. Phytoplankton functional groups (E, F, J, LO, LM, MP , P, S1 , T, and W1 ) were found in the reservoir. A significant difference was found in total biovolume values changed from 2.28 mm3 /L in November 2018 to 0.51 mm3 /L in February 2019. The first …

Featured Faculty Mentor And Student Explore The Dynamics Of This Research Relationship, Alejandro Rojas, Evan Buckner

Discovery, The Student Journal of Dale Bumpers College of Agricultural, Food and Life Sciences

No abstract provided.

Letter From The Faculty Editor, Beth Kegley

Discovery, The Student Journal of Dale Bumpers College of Agricultural, Food and Life Sciences

No abstract provided.

Does The Short Term Fluctuation Of Mineral Element Concentrations In The Closed Hydroponic Experimental Facilities Affect The Mineral Concentrations In Cucumber Plants Exposed To Elevated Co2?, Xun Li, Jinlong Dong, Nazim Gruda, Wenying Chu, Zengqiang Duan

Chemistry & Biochemistry Faculty Publications

Aims

Studies dealing with plants’ mineral nutrient status under elevated atmospheric CO₂concentration (eCO₂) are usually conducted in closed hydroponic systems, in which nutrient solutions are entirely renewed every several days. Here, we investigated the contribution of the fluctuation of concentrations of N ([N]), P ([P]), and K ([K]) in nutrient solutions in this short period on their concentrations in cucumber plants exposed to different [CO₂] and N levels.

Methods

Cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) plants were hydroponically grown under two [CO₂] and three N levels. [N], [P], and [K] in nutrient solutions …

Lingnan Gardeners Newsletter (No. 53) = 彩園通訊 (第53期), Lingnan Gardeners, Centre For Cultural Research And Development, Lingnan University

Lingnan Gardeners Newsletter 嶺南彩園通訊

No abstract provided.

Gc-Ms Profiling, Antioxidant, Antimicrobial Activities, Dna Cleavage Effect Ofsymphytum Aintabicum Hub.-Mor. & Wickens (Boraginaceae) And Its Anticancer Activityon Mcf-7 Cell Line, Alevcan Kaplan

Turkish Journal of Botany

Symphytum species, generally known as comfrey, have been used for ancient times in folk medicine for wounds, bone breakages, rheumatism, liver problems, and innumerable potentialities. However, many of the species belonging to the genus Symphytum have not been analyzed with scientific methods and principles yet. Therefore, this work is a guide for determining and researching the main gaps in the literature. In this study, MeOH and petroleum ether (PE) extracts of Symphytum aintabicum Hub.-Mor. & Wickens were analyzed for their biological activities and GC-MS analysis, antioxidant, antimicrobial activities, DNA cleavage effect, and anticancer activity on the MCF-7 human breast cell …

Anticancer, And Antioxidant Activities Of Royal Jelly On Ht-29 Colon Cancer Cells Andmelissopalynological Analysis, Adnan Ayna, Abdullah Tunç, Seda Nur Özbolat, Aydin Şükrü Bengü, Gürkan Aykutoğlu, Deni̇z Canli, Ridvan Polat, Mehmet Çi̇ftci̇, Ekrem Darendeli̇oğlu

Turkish Journal of Botany

Royal jelly (RJ) is reflecting the flora around the apiaries as a result of the foraging activity of honeybees and therefore, pollen analysis could be used to verify its botanical/geographical origin. Colon cancer treatment by means of chemotherapeutics agents reflects a substantial problem for the organism due to high toxicity to other viable cells of the body. To explore a chemopreventive approach to enhancing colon cancer treatment efficacy, the antioxidant and antiproliferative effects of RJ in HT-29 colon cancer cells were assessed. Cell proliferation was performed by WST-1 assay, index of apoptosis was calculated by TUNEL Assay, antioxidant activities were …

Seeing Double With Cannabis: Heteroploid Populations In Bipolaris Gigantea, Causal Agent Of Bipolaris Leaf Spot, Desiree Szarka

Theses and Dissertations--Plant Pathology

Bipolaris leaf spot (BLS) disease emerged with the reintroduction of hemp as a crop in the United States following more than 60 years of prohibition. The causal agent was identified as Bipolaris gigantea (=Drechslera gigantea), a known minor pathogen of monocots which causes devastating disease on hemp. BLS has been confirmed throughout Kentucky and reported in 15 states. Morphology and growth characteristics of isolates from eight counties across Kentucky were similar with the exception of some isolates producing protoperithecial-like structures. Phylogenetic and whole genome analysis indicated that some isolates were haploid, containing a single allele at each gene …

Effect Of Ash Carbon Nanofibers On Gaba Shunt Pathway In Germinating Seeds Of Tomato (Lycopersicon Esculentum Mill., C.V. Rohaba.) Under Salt Stress, Nisreen Alquraan, Mohammed Al-Omari, Alaa Ayoub

Turkish Journal of Botany

The aim of the current study was to examine the effect of black ash carbon nanofibers (CNFs) on gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) shunt pathway in germinating seeds of tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill., c.v. Rohaba) under salt stress. Seed?s germination pattern, seed moisture content, GABA shunt metabolite levels (GABA, Glutamate and Alanine), total proteins and total carbohydrates, and the level of oxidative damage in response to sodium chloride (NaCl) treatments were determined. A significant increase of moisture content in CNFs treated seeds associated with significant increases in germination percentage was found. Data also showed a significant increase in GABA shunt metabolites in …

Forage Potential Of Salsola Species In Arid-Saline Rangelands, Hadi Pirasteh-Anosheh, Ali Mirhosseini, Nudrat Aisha Akram, Mirza Hasanuzzaman

Turkish Journal of Botany

We investigated the forage potential of 12 Salsola species including S. arbuscula, S. abarghuensis, S. dendroides, S. crassa, S. imbricata, S. incanescens, S. nitraria, S. kerneri, S. orientalis, S. richteri, S. tomentosa, and S. yazdiana in the Southern rangelands of the Great Salt Desert. The results showed a great significant variation among forage quality and quantity of the Salsola species. The greatest fresh and dry forages were obtained in S. yazdiana (4.54 and 1.53 kg m?2, respectively) followed by S. dendroides (3.02 and 1.13 kg m?2, respectively). The S. tomentosa had the greatest ash content by 20.2%, which significantly was …

Interactive Effects Of Salinity And Plant Density On The Growth Ofcyperus Arenarius, A Sand Dune Stabilizer, Farhat Agha, Muhammad Zaheer Ahmed, Bilquees Gul, Muhammad Ajmal Khan

Turkish Journal of Botany

Competition and environmental stress are crucial factors for structuring plant population in natural habitats. Cyperus arenarius, a sedge of coastal sand dunes habitat, is a suitable species for coastal restoration and dune stabilization, but how salinity and plant density interact in affecting its growth is still unknown. Here, growth, survival, and physiological responses of C. arenarius to salinity (sea-salt) and plant density were investigated. A set of growth experiments in which combinations of 4 salinity levels (0, 2, 4, and 6 S m-1 sea-salt) and 3 planting densities (2, 5, 8 plants pot-1) were tested under controlled greenhouse conditions. Plant …

Phenolic Content, Antibacterial, Antioxidant, And Toxicological Investigations Oferodium Guttatum (Geraniaceae) Collected From The Northeast Of Morocco, Hanae Naceiri Mrabti, Latifa Doudach, Mohamed Reda Kachmar, Abdelaziz Ed Dra, Zineb Khali, Nidal Naceiri Mrabti, Kaoutar Benrahou Benrahou, Khouloud Harraqui, Gökhan Zengi̇n, Abdelhakim Bouyahya, Moulay El Abbes Faouzi

Turkish Journal of Botany

Erodium genus contains several medicinal traditionally used and pharmacologically explored. However, Erodium guttatum has not been well valorized. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to evaluate the antibacterial and antioxidant activities of E. guttatum extracts in addition to their toxicity. To achieve the objectives of this study, methanol and aqueous extracts of E. guttatum were prepared. Then, antibacterial activity was evaluated against Escherichia coli ATCC 25922, Klebsiella pneumoniae ATCC 43816, Salmonella typhimurium ATCC 14028, Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853, Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923, and Listeria monocytogenes ATCC 13932 by disc diffusion and broth microdilution methods. The antioxidant activity was …

A Comparative Study Of Physicochemical Properties, Antioxidant And Enzyme Inhibitionactivities Of Oils Extracted From Seeds Of Seven New Sunflower (Helianthus Annuus L.) Lines, Ahmed A. A. Abdalla, Sakina Yagi, Gökhan Zengi̇n, Abdelwahab H. Abdallah, Abdirahman Elmi, Rosella Spina, Francois Dupire, Dominique Mattar

Turkish Journal of Botany

This study was aimed to evaluate the physicochemical properties and chemical profile of seeds oil obtained from new seven sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) lines as well as their antioxidant and enzyme inhibition activity. The seeds powder was extracted by maceration in n-hexane. The oil content of the seven lines was ranged from 20.04% to 36.65% and was either yellow or pale yellow in color. No significant variations were observed on the refractive index (1.46 unit) of the oil. Oils of the seven lines were significantly (p ? 0.05) different in their saponification values (32.13-282.66 mg KOH/g oil), peroxide values (1.76-13.26 …

Restoration Through Regeneration: An Analysis Of Agriculture In The United States, Rebecca Norine Graham

Capstone Showcase

The industrialization of agriculture in the mid-twentieth century has revolutionized global food systems, with enough food produced annually to sustain 10 billion people on a planet of only 7.8 billion people. Such a high-yielding agricultural system comes at a great cost to the Earth’s ecosystem, as industrialized farming has taken on factory-like production methods. Particularly harmful is the livestock sector, with ruminating animals such as cattle contributing to rising global temperatures and environmental degradation. The environmental destruction caused by industrialized animal agriculture can be halted and ultimately reversed through regenerative agriculture. Regenerative agriculture is a restorative farming practice that promotes …

Efficacy And Mechanism Of Acs811 In Tomato Immune Responses, Layne Ellen Harris

Theses and Dissertations--Plant and Soil Sciences

Biologicals are increasingly becoming an important part of sustainable integrated pest management in agricultural crop production and encompass a wide variety of products with varying degrees of efficacy and available research data. As biologicals become more integrated into commercial production systems, it is critical to rigorously evaluate biological product efficacy and mode(s) of action in crops. The better that biologicals are understood in terms of effective application, integration into commercial programs, and their specific mechanisms in crop growth and protection, then the greater the opportunity for increasing yields and food security.

ACS811 is a microbial fermentation-based biological product from Alltech …

Concomitant Accumulations Of Ions, Osmoprotectants And Antioxidant System-Relatedsubstances Provide Salt Tolerance Capability To Succulent Extreme-Halophyte Scorzonera Hieraciifolia, Cansu Altuntaş, Rabi̇ye Terzi̇

Turkish Journal of Botany

Halophytes adapting to live in salinized areas can activate some tolerance mechanism through signal compounds to cope with salinity. However, the role of co-activity of signal compounds in salt tolerance of halophytes has not yet fully understood. We researched the changes in signal compounds involved in the salt tolerance mechanism, including inorganic ions, osmoprotectants and substances related to the antioxidant system in

Biofortification Of Sodium Selenate Improves Dietary Mineral Contents And Antioxidant Capacity Of Culinary Herb Microgreens, Rachel G. Newman, Youyoun Moon, Carl E. Sams, Janet C. Tou, Nicole L. Waterland

Faculty & Staff Scholarship

Selenium biofortification of plants has been suggested as a method of enhancing dietary seleniumintake to prevent deficiency and chronic disease in humans, while avoiding toxic levels of intake. Popular herbs such as basil (Ocimum basilicum L.), cilantro (Coriandrum sativum L.), and scallions (Allium fistulosum L.) present an opportunity for biofortification as these plants are used for added flavors to meals and are available as microgreens, young plants with increasing popularity in the consumer marketplace. In this study, basil, cilantro, and scallion microgreens were biofortified with sodium selenate under hydroponic conditions at various selenium concentrations to investigate the effects on yield, …

Stop Helping Pathogens: Engineering Plant Susceptibility Genes For Durable Resistance, Hernan Garcia-Ruiz, Boris Szurek, Guido Van Den Ackerveken

Department of Plant Pathology: Faculty Publications

Alternatives to protect crops against diseases are desperately needed to secure world food production and make agriculture more sustainable. Genetic resistance to pathogens utilized so far is mostly based on single dominant resistance genes that mediate specific recognition of invaders and that is often rapidly broken by pathogen variants. Perturbation of plant susceptibility (S) genes offers an alternative providing plants with recessive resistance that is proposed to be more durable. S genes enable the establishment of plant disease, and their inactivation provides opportunities for resistance breeding of crops. However, loss of S gene function can have pleiotropic effects. Developments in …

Effect Of Planting Date And Cultivar Maturity In Edamame Quality And Harvest Window, David Octor Moseley, Marcos Da Silva, Leandro Mozzoni, Moldir Orazaly, Liliana Florez-Palacios, Andrea Acuna, Chengjun Wu, Pengyin Chen

Crop, Soil and Environmental Sciences Faculty Publications and Presentations

Edamame is a food-grade soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] that is harvested immature between the R6 and R7 reproductive stages. To be labeled as a premium product, the edamame market demands large pod size and intense green color. A staggered harvest season is critical for the commercial industry to post-harvest process the crop in a timely manner. Currently, there is little information to assist in predicting the optimum time to harvest edamame when the pods are at their collective largest size and greenest color. The objectives of this study were to assess the impact of cultivar, planting date, and …

A Rich Fading Biocultural Diversity?A Review Of Traditional Herbal Teas Used By Minorities In The Balkans, Muhammad Abdul Aziz, Andrea Pieroni, Syed Abidullah, Anely Nedelcheva

Turkish Journal of Botany

Ethnobotanical studies focusing on medicinal plant ingredients have always been conducted with the aim of protecting the local ecological knowledge (LEK) of these natural resources. In the globalized world, the rapid loss of biodiversity and cultural and linguistic homogenization have threatened the survival of the planet, together with leading us towards an extinction crisis. In this extreme situation, LEK is also facing serious challenges, especially that of minorities where the pressure is manifold. A number of studies have been carried out among minority groups in recent times, and scientists are attempting to devise solid policy recommendations to celebrate their LEK …

The Involvement Of The Induction Of Anthocyanin Biosynthesis And Transport In Toxic Boron Responsive Regulation In Arabidopsis Thaliana, Ceyhun Kayihan

Turkish Journal of Botany

Recently, boron (B) has been found to form a complex with anthocyanin, which could be evidence for the B tolerance mechanisms that reduce free B in the leaf tissues of plants. However, the molecular mechanism of anthocyanin biosynthesis and transport has not been satisfactorily elucidated in plants exposed to toxic B. Therefore, the changes in expression levels of some of the phenylpropanoid pathway genes, early and late flavonoid biosynthetic genes, and transcription factors related to anthocyanin biosynthesis and transport were determined in Arabidopsis thaliana under B toxicity. Accordingly, 1 mM boric acid treatment did not cause any significant change in …

Abrasive Weeding As A Vehicle For Precision Fertilizer Management In Organic Vegetable Production, Tran Kim Ngan Luong, Frank Forcella, Sharon Clay, Michael S. Douglass, Samuel E. Wortman

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

Abrasive weeding is a nonchemical weed control tactic that uses small, gritty materials propelled with compressed air to destroy weed seedlings. Organic fertilizers have been used successfully as abrasive grits to control weeds, but the goal for this study was to explore the effects of fertilizer grit, application rates, and background soil fertility on weeds, plant available nitrogen (N) uptake, and crop yield. Field trials were conducted in organic ‘Carmen’ sweet red pepper (Capsicum annuum) and organic ‘Gypsy’ broccoli (Brassica oleracea var. italica) and treatments included organic fertilizer grit (8N–0.9P–3.3K vs. 3N–3.1P–3.3K), grit application rates (low …

Genomic Resources In Plant Breeding For Sustainable Agriculture, Mahendar Thudi, Rajeev K. Varshney, James C. Schnable

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

Climate change during the last 40 years has had a serious impact on agriculture and threatens global food and nutritional security. From over half a million plant species, cereals and legumes are the most important for food and nutritional security. Although systematic plant breeding has a relatively short history, con- ventional breeding coupled with advances in technology and crop management strategies has increased crop yields by 56 % globally between 1965− 85, referred to as the Green Revolution. Nevertheless, increased demand for food, feed, fiber, and fuel necessitates the need to break existing yield barriers in many crop plants. In …