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Using Lidar To Link Forest Canopy Structure With Bat Activity And Insect Occurrence: Preliminary Findings, Luke E. Dodd, Nicholas S. Skowronski, Matthew B. Dickinson, Michael J. Lacki, Lynne K. Rieske

Mammoth Cave Research Symposia

Bats are an imperiled, yet ecologically-important group of vertebrate predators. Our ongoing research focuses on testing hypotheses about the relationships between the effects of fire on canopy structure and insect prey availability, and how these factors relate to use of foraging space by bats during the pre- and post-hibernation periods at Mammoth Cave National Park (MCNP). LiDAR-derived data (October 2010) were intersected with spatially explicit sampling of bat and insect populations (2010-2011) in order to characterize relationships between canopy structure, insect abundance, and bat activity. A canonical correspondence analysis for bat data suggested that forest canopy structure has a strong …

Regional Contingencies In The Relationship Between Aboveground Biomass And Litter In The World’S Grasslands, Lydia R. O'Halloran, Elizabeth T. Borer, Eric W. Seabloom, Sarah Hobbie, Andrew S. Macdougall, Elsa E. Cleland, Rebecca L. Mcculley, W. Stan Harpole, Kirsten S. Hofmockel, Wei Li, Nicole M. Decrappeo, Chengjin Chu, Guozhen Du, Jonathan D. Bakker, Kendi F. Davies, Brett A. Melbourne, Jennifer Firn, Nicole Hagenah, Johannes M. H. Knops, John W. Morgan, John L. Orrock, Suzanne M. Prober, Carly J. Stevens

Plant and Soil Sciences Faculty Publications

Based on regional-scale studies, aboveground production and litter decomposition are thought to positively covary, because they are driven by shared biotic and climatic factors. Until now we have been unable to test whether production and decomposition are generally coupled across climatically dissimilar regions, because we lacked replicated data collected within a single vegetation type across multiple regions, obfuscating the drivers and generality of the association between production and decomposition. Furthermore, our understanding of the relationships between production and decomposition rests heavily on separate meta-analyses of each response, because no studies have simultaneously measured production and the accumulation or decomposition of …

Volume 1, Chapter 1: Introduction, Janice M. Glime

Bryophyte Ecology Subchapters

No abstract provided.

Volume 1, Chapter 4-4: Adaptive Strategies: Phenology Tradeoffs, Janice M. Glime

Bryophyte Ecology Subchapters

No abstract provided.

Chapter 3 - Herbarium Methods And Exchanges, Janice M. Glime, D. H. Wagner

Bryophyte Ecology Volume 3: Methods

Explore the contents of Bryophyte Ecology, Volume 3, Chapter 3 - Herbarium Methods and Exchanges by clicking the link above. For the Contents section of this ebook, as well as Volumes 2 through 5, please visit the Bryophyte Ecology Main Page.

Use CTRL+F to easily search within PDF files.

Ebook sponsored by Michigan Technological University and the International Association of Bryologists.

Volume 1, Chapter 8-6: Nutrient Relations: Deficiency, Janice M. Glime

Bryophyte Ecology Subchapters

No abstract provided.

Volume 1, Chapter 8-7: Nutrient Relations: Fertilization, Janice M. Glime

Bryophyte Ecology Subchapters

No abstract provided.

Volume 1, Chapter 9-3: Light: Effects Of High Intensity, Janice M. Glime

Bryophyte Ecology Subchapters

No abstract provided.

Volume 2, Chapter 2-1 Protozoa Diversity, Janice M. Glime

Bryophyte Ecology Subchapters

No abstract provided.

Volume 2, Chapter 2-5 Protozoa: Peatland Rhizopods, Janice M. Glime

Bryophyte Ecology Subchapters

No abstract provided.

Volume 2, Chapter 4-2: Invertebrates: Sponges, Gastrotrichs, Nemerteans, And Flatworms, Janice M. Glime

Bryophyte Ecology Subchapters

No abstract provided.

Volume 2, Chapter 4-5: Invertebrates: Rotifers, Janice M. Glime

Bryophyte Ecology Subchapters

No abstract provided.

Volume 2, Chapter 5-5: Tardigrade Densities And Richness, Janice M. Glime

Bryophyte Ecology Subchapters

No abstract provided.

Volume 2, Chapter 13: Fish, Janice M. Glime

Bryophyte Ecology Subchapters

No abstract provided.

Volume 3, Chapter 1-1: Field Taxonomy And Collection Methods, Janice M. Glime

Bryophyte Ecology Subchapters

No abstract provided.

Volume 3, Chapter 3-1: Herbarium Methods And Exchanges, Janice M. Glime, D. H. Wagner

Bryophyte Ecology Subchapters

No abstract provided.

Factors Influencing The Current And Historical Invasion Trends In The Connecticut College Arboretum, Lillian Fayerweather

Botany Honors Papers

Invasive species present a growing risk to native ecosystems. It would be impossible to eliminate them, but by learning where they are more likely to occur it may be possible to concentrate resources on removal and management in the most at risk areas. A number of site characteristics may influence invasive species presence and invasion trends. In order to determine what factors affect species presence and historical invasion trends, I utilized data from decennial surveys conducted in the Bolleswood Natural Area of the Connecticut College Arboretum in New London, Connecticut. In 1952, 4 transects were established across the area, composed …

The Role Of Elevation And Soil Chemistry In The Distribution And Ion Accumulation Of Floral Morphs Of Streptanthus Polygaloides Gray (Brassicaceae), A Californian Nickel Hyperaccumulator, N Pope, M Fong, R Boyd, N Rajakaruna

Faculty Publications, Biological Sciences

Background: The flora of serpentine/ultramafic soils provides an excellent model system for the study of natural selection in plant populations. Streptanthus polygaloides is a nickel hyperaccumulator that is endemic to serpentine soils in the Sierra Nevada of California, and has four floral morphs (yellow, purple, yellow-to-purple and undulate). Aims: We investigate three hypotheses: (1) the purple morph occurs in colder, wetter climates than the yellow morph; (2) tissue–soil ionic relationships differ among morphs; and (3) morphs occur on soils with differing elemental concentrations. Methods: We queried herbarium records to investigate patterns of occurrence among the yellow and purple floral morphs, …

Spatial Pattern Analysis Of Peganum Harmala On The Salted Lower Chelif Plain, Algeria, Adda Ababou, Mohammed Chouieb, Abdelkader Bouthiba, Djamel Saidi, Mahfoud M'Hamedi Bouzina, Khalladi Mederbal

Turkish Journal of Botany

Peganum harmala L. (Zygophyllaceae), native to arid and semiarid rangeland, has been widely studied biochemically, pharmaceutically, and medicinally, but is largely unknown ecologically. In the lower Chelif, Algeria, this plant is largely present and shows a clear clumped pattern, which indicates the strong effects of environmental conditions. Our redundancy analysis showed that the geographic distribution of this species was positively correlated with sand and pH and negatively correlated with conductivity, Na^+, and clay. The Gaussian model suggested that 9.4 mmhos/cm conductivity and sand contents greater than 40% are optimum for this plant. The spatial distribution map obtained through the kriging …

Succession Of Epiphytic Bryophytes In Cedrus Libani Forest On The Meydan Plateau (Aladağ), Tülay Ezer, Recep Kara

Turkish Journal of Botany

The succession of epiphytic bryophytes was investigated in Cedrus libani A.Rich. forest on the Meydan Plateau (Aladağ). A total of 19 taxa (16 mosses, 3 liverworts) were recorded in 90 sampling relevés, 4 dm^2 each. Index of ecological significance (IES) was used to evaluate the ecological importance of the taxa in epiphytic habitats on tree trunks. Additionally, the epiphytic bryophyte succession of the cedar forest was analysed using multivariate classification techniques (TWINSPAN and DECORANA). The multivariate analysis results showed that the epiphytic bryophyte communities were divided into 2 main groups and 5 different subgroups associated with successional gradient. Moreover, habitat …

Ecophysiology Of The Holoparasitic Angiosperm Cistanche Phelypaea (Orobancaceae) In A Coastal Salt Marsh, Gamal Mohammad Fahmy

Turkish Journal of Botany

Cistanche phelypaea (L.) Cout. (Orobancaceae) was found parasitising the roots of the succulent shrublets Arthrocnemum macrostachyum (Moric.) K.Koch (Chenopodiaceae) in a coastal salt marsh in Qatar. Measurements were conducted to identify soil properties, host, and noninfected plants by soil excavations to expose the haustoria of the parasite attached to the host roots. The water potential, osmotic potential, pressure potential, and chemical analyses were determined in parasite, host, and noninfected plants. Crown diameter and dry mass of the host plants were smaller than in the noninfected plants. A gradient of water potential existed between the host root and the underground tuberous …

Floristic Diversity And Vegetation Analysis Of Wadi Al-Noman, Mecca, Saudi Arabia, Kadry Abdel Khalik, Mohamed El-Sheikh, Abeer El-Aidarous

Turkish Journal of Botany

Wadi Al-Noman in Mecca is one of the most important wadis. It was included among the most important water sources where the springs and wells of Zobida run and it provides drinking water for the holy places in Mecca and visitors to the Kaaba and Arafat regions. The present study provides an analysis of floristic composition, vegetation types, and structure and species distribution at 20 sites, emphasising the environmental factors that affect species distribution. A total of 126 species representing 39 families of vascular plants are recorded. Fabaceae, Poaceae, and Boraginaceae are the largest families, and therophytes and chamaephytes are …

International Polar Year (Ipy) Back To The Future (Btf): Changes In Arctic Ecosystem Structure Over Decadal Times Scales, Sandra Villarreal

Open Access Theses & Dissertations

Arctic vegetation communities are responding to climate warming through shifts in species composition and diversity but most observations have been made over relatively short time frames, and/or in association with experimental manipulations. Because vegetation plays a key role in regulating ecosystem productivity, nutrient cycling, surface energy budgets, and trophic interactions in the Arctic, there is a need to better understand shifts in tundra vegetation communities over decadal time scales. Understanding these shifts and their impact on ecosystem structure and function in the Arctic has important implications for predicting the future state of both the Arctic and the Earth System. Long …

Does Pitcher Plant Morphology Affect Spider Residency?, Marc A. Milne, Deborah A. Waller

Biological Sciences Faculty Publications

Spiders are often found as residents in association with Sarracenia purpurea ( Purple Pitcher Plant). Many spiders choose web locations based on environmental cues such as vegetation structure and composition, prey density, temperature, and humidity. To determine if spiders use cues from the Purple Pitcher Plant to build their webs, we conducted a field study using variants of the plant that separated various morphological features: nectar, pigment, and the presence of prey. There was no difference in spider residency across all treatments and no difference in male/female or mature/immature residency. Linyphiids were the most common residents, possibly due to pitcher …

Inter- And Intra-Annual Variability Of Vegetation In The Northern Hemisphere And Its Association With Precursory Meteorological Factors, Boksoon Myoung, Yong-Sang Choi, Seungbum Hong, Seon Ki Park

Mathematics, Physics, and Computer Science Faculty Articles and Research

Determination of phenological variation is one of the most critical challenges in dynamic vegetation modeling, given the lack of a strong theoretical framework. Previous studies generally focused on the timing of a phenological event (e.g., bud-burst or onset of growing season) and its atmospheric prompts, but not on the interactive variations across phenological stages. This study, therefore, investigated the inter- and intra-annual variability existing in all the phenological stages and the relations of the variability with four meteorological variables (surface temperature (Ts), shortwave radiation (SW ), vapor pressure deficit (VPD), and precipitation (PRCP)) using a 25-year (1982-2006) dataset of leaf …

Investigating Phosphorus And Turbidity Removal Efficiencies Of Main Aquatic Vegetation Species In The Lower Kelkit Basin Of Turkey, Ekrem Buhan, Hakan Mete Doğan, Sali̇ha Di̇ri̇m Buhan, Sai̇m Özdemi̇r, Fati̇h Polat, Çi̇sem Ni̇ldem Doğan

Turkish Journal of Botany

In this study, we researched the main aquatic vegetation (AV) species and their orthophosphate and turbidity removal efficiencies in the Lower Kelkit Basin of Turkey. We chose an experimental area (1650 m^2) in the field and determined orthophosphate (mg/L) and turbidity (NTU) variables at the charging and discharging points between November 2005 and March 2006. We also applied an experimental design including 9 treatments and 3 replications in aquarium conditions. Orthophosphate (mg/L) contents of each aquarium were measured at 6 time periods (initial measurement and days 1, 4, 9, 16, and 25). Ceratophyllum demersum L., Cladophora glomerata (L.) Kützing, Lemna …

Morphological And Ecological Evidence For A New Infraspecific Taxon Of The Wallflower Erysimum Cheiri (Brassicaceae) As An Indigenous Endemism Of The Southwestern Mediterranean, Samira Ouarmim, Chloe Dubset, Errol Vela

Turkish Journal of Botany

The wallflower Erysimum cheiri is a horticultural cruciferous growing as garden-escaped with a wide distribution in West and South Europe. In Algeria, it is locally found on the northern cliffs of the National Park of Gouraya (Kabylia). The aim of this study is to compare the populations of E. cheiri identified in Algeria with those found in Mediterranean France. To study the differences between both sites, a morphological and ecological analysis was undertaken on 6 populations growing in Algeria and France. Ecological communities where wallflower is growing in Algeria are dominated by indigenous plants with a significant proportion of endemic …

Monitoring Of Vascular Plant Diversity In A Changing Climate In The Alpine Zone Of The Central Greater Caucasus, Khatuna Gigauri, Maia Akhalkatsi, George Nakhutsrishvili, Otar Abdaladze

Turkish Journal of Botany

Short-term changes in plant species number, cover, frequency, and composition were studied along an altitudinal gradient crossing 4 GLORIA summits (from 2240 m to 3024 m a.s.l.) from the treeline ecotone to the subnival zone in the Central Caucasus. Large-scale (summit area) and small-scale (16 plots of 1 m^{2}/summit) patterns were monitored in 2001. Recording was repeated in 2008. During the monitoring period, the average soil temperature and growing-degree days did not significantly increase. After 7 years, a revisitation of the summit area revealed a considerable increase of species richness, especially at the lower alpine zone (CP1 and CP2 summits). …

Chapter 1 - Field Taxonomy And Collection Methods, Janice M. Glime

Bryophyte Ecology Volume 3: Methods

Explore the contents of Bryophyte Ecology, Volume 3, Chapter 1 - field Taxonomy and Collection Methods by clicking the link above. For the Contents section of this ebook, as well as Volumes 1 through 5, please visit the Bryophyte Ecology Main Page.

Use CTRL+F to easily search within PDF files.

Ebook sponsored by Michigan Technological University and the International Association of Bryologists.

An Investigation Of The Factors Leading To Invasion Success Of Non-Native Plants Using A System Of Native, Introduced Non-Invasive, And Invasive Eugenia Congeners In Florida, Kerry Bohl

USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations

The overwhelming majority of plant species introduced into a new range never become invasive. Consequently, identification of factors allowing the small fraction of successful invaders to naturalize, increase in abundance, and displace resident species continues to be a key area of research in invasion biology. Of the considerable number of hypotheses that have been proposed to resolve why some plant species become noxious pests, the enemy release hypothesis (ERH) is one of the most commonly cited. The ERH maintains that invasive plants succeed in a new range because they are no longer regulated by their coevolved natural enemies, and this …