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Lupinus Angustifolius - Environmental Weed Risk Assessment 2022, Department Of Primary Industries And Regional Development, Western Australia Jan 2022

Lupinus Angustifolius - Environmental Weed Risk Assessment 2022, Department Of Primary Industries And Regional Development, Western Australia

Environmental Weed Risk Assessments

Introducing new plants to an area may have both positive and negative effects on the environment, economy and community. To minimise the negative environmental impact of introducing new agricultural species, DPIRD conducts a risk assessment procedure based on widely accepted scientific standards. This report assesses Narrowleaf lupins (Lupinus angustifolius). Narrowleaf lupins (white lupins, Australian sweet lupins) is an annual pulse crop first domesticated in Western Australia (WA). Farmers in WA produce about 80% of total world production and are the only significant exporters of lupin grain. Lupins are well suited to the deep, acid sandy soils that occur over large …


Stylosanthes Seabrana - Environmental Weed Risk Assessment 2022, Department Of Primary Industries And Regional Development, Western Australia Jan 2022

Stylosanthes Seabrana - Environmental Weed Risk Assessment 2022, Department Of Primary Industries And Regional Development, Western Australia

Environmental Weed Risk Assessments

Introducing new plants to an area may have both positive and negative effects on the environment, economy and community. To minimise the negative environmental impact of introducing new agricultural species, DPIRD conducts a risk assessment procedure based on widely accepted scientific standards. This report assesses Caatinga stylo (Stylosanthes seabrana). Stylosanthes seabrana is a perennial legume native to Bahia Region of Brazil. The common name ‘Caatinga’ is a type of subtropical vegetation (xeric shrubland and thorn forest), and an ecoregion characterized by this vegetation in interior north-eastern Brazil. Caatinga stylo is a short-lived perennial and generally lives between 2 to 4 …


Epidemiology And Management Of Frogeye Leaf Spot Of Soybean: Damage Thresholds, Efficacy And Profitability Of Foliar Fungicides, Jhonatan Paulo Barro Jan 2022

Epidemiology And Management Of Frogeye Leaf Spot Of Soybean: Damage Thresholds, Efficacy And Profitability Of Foliar Fungicides, Jhonatan Paulo Barro

Theses and Dissertations--Plant Pathology

Frogeye leaf spot (FLS), caused by Cercospora sojina, is an economically important disease of soybean in many parts of the world where soybean is grown, including the United States. A meta-analytic approach was used to summarize a data set of 66 uniform field research trials conducted to evaluate fungicide efficacy against FLS on soybean. The dataset spanned 10 years (2012 to 2021) of experiments conducted across eight states in the U.S., including Alabama, Arkansas, Illinois, Iowa, Kentucky, Louisiana, Mississippi and Tennessee. First, the relationship between FLS severity and soybean yield was investigated. A significant negative slope obtained through random …


Intercropping Grain Sorghum Into Established Rhizoma Peanut: Greenhouse And Field Studies, Erika Hm Cooperman Jan 2022

Intercropping Grain Sorghum Into Established Rhizoma Peanut: Greenhouse And Field Studies, Erika Hm Cooperman

Graduate Theses/Dissertations

Land degradation and urbanization are among the top factors pushing the Kenyan Maasai community into an unstable future, with food insecurity and poverty amidst the most fragile components. Implementing conservation agricultural techniques into the Maasai nomadic lifestyle could potentially lead to a diversification of finances and food security. Intercropping is one technique of conservation agriculture that could provide the Maasai both. The main objective of this study is to evaluate the effects of creating an intercropped environment between rhizoma peanut and grain sorghum. A greenhouse study was conducted from late 2020 to 2021 in an effort to investigate the effects …


Testing The Impact Of A Silencing Suppressor On Infectivity Of Grapevine Vein Clearing Virus Infectious Clone In Nicotiana Benthamiana, Wen Zhao Jan 2022

Testing The Impact Of A Silencing Suppressor On Infectivity Of Grapevine Vein Clearing Virus Infectious Clone In Nicotiana Benthamiana, Wen Zhao

Graduate Theses/Dissertations

Grapevine vein clearing virus (GVCV), the first DNA virus of the Badnavirus genus discovered in grapevines, is closely associated with grapevine vein-clearing disease. Through earlier research, Koch's postulates were partially met: GVCV was in all diseased plants; GVCV was introduced into a healthy grapevine through grafting and by aphids and caused the disease. However, more shreds of evidence are required to fulfill the last postulate, the same virus must be reisolated from the inoculated diseased grapevine (1). A full-length infectious clone of GVCV was previously constructed to provide evidence; however, its infectivity was not consistent. Therefore, the goal …


Forage News [2022-01], Department Of Plant And Soil Sciences, University Of Kentucky Jan 2022

Forage News [2022-01], Department Of Plant And Soil Sciences, University Of Kentucky

Forage News

No abstract provided.


An Improved Understanding Of Diplodia Ear Rot In Kentucky Corn, Nolan Ryan Anderson Jan 2022

An Improved Understanding Of Diplodia Ear Rot In Kentucky Corn, Nolan Ryan Anderson

Theses and Dissertations--Plant Pathology

Stenocarpella maydis and Stenocarpella macrospora are both causal agents of Diplodia ear rot (DER) of corn in the U.S. The current prevalence and distribution of each is unknown worldwide. Signs and symptoms of DER include white mold on and between kernels, bleached husks, and pycnidia visible in the cob pith. The term hidden Diplodia describes when no mycelia or bleached husk is present, but pycnidia are still visible inside the cob. This phenomenon is reported to be caused by late infections of Stenocarpella spp. New fungicide nozzle technology has been promoted to increase spray coverage in the lower canopy, which …


Student Perceptions Of Messages Regarding Genetically Modified Organisms Delivered Using Creative Media, Faith Mills, Casandra K. Cox Jan 2022

Student Perceptions Of Messages Regarding Genetically Modified Organisms Delivered Using Creative Media, Faith Mills, Casandra K. Cox

Discovery, The Student Journal of Dale Bumpers College of Agricultural, Food and Life Sciences

The purpose of this study was to determine how communicating authentic agricultural information using an infographic affects Millennial and Generation Z students’ perceptions of genetically modified organisms (GMO) and to determine the perceptions of college students regarding the infographic used to convey agricultural messages. This study used survey research methods with open- and closed-ended questions administered through Qualtrics. The questionnaire was designed with five sections including a pre-questionnaire, content presentation, post-questionnaire, infographic perception questionnaire, and demographics section. All questions in the pre- and post- questionnaire were focused on the content found in the researcher developed infographic. Overall, participants increased accuracy …


Preventative Weed Management Strategies In Arkansas Tomato Production, Gracie E. Morrison, Matthew Bertucci Jan 2022

Preventative Weed Management Strategies In Arkansas Tomato Production, Gracie E. Morrison, Matthew Bertucci

Discovery, The Student Journal of Dale Bumpers College of Agricultural, Food and Life Sciences

Cost-effective weed suppression is an important consideration for tomato growers. Growers often choose methods which minimize hand labor, as hand weeding can be prohibitively expensive. This project determined economic viability of high tunnel tomatoes treated with several methods of weed control, both organic and chemical. These methods included: 2-week hand weeding, 1-week hand weeding, preemergent herbicide application (plots sprayed with herbicide prior to weed emergence), straw mulch (plots bedded with straw), landscape fabric (plots covered in fabric), and untreated weedy control plots. These six treatments were applied to randomized blocks in a high tunnel. Weeding, planting, and harvesting were all …


Using Poultry To Enhance Food Security In Stann Creek, Belize, Emily Spatz, Lisa S. Wood Jan 2022

Using Poultry To Enhance Food Security In Stann Creek, Belize, Emily Spatz, Lisa S. Wood

Discovery, The Student Journal of Dale Bumpers College of Agricultural, Food and Life Sciences

Food insecurity is a growing issue in developing and developed countries alike, and in countries like Belize, the prevalence of hunger has soared in recent years. Not having access to diets with sufficient calories and nutrients leads to a host of developmental issues, including stunting and cognitive delays. The purpose of this work was to create an all-encompassing manual for small-scale poultry production in order to provide nourishment for the students and staff of a school in Belize. After determining that the best way to meet the school’s needs was through dual-purpose birds, background research was conducted to determine small-scale …


Review Of Spiders Of North America, By Sarah Rose, Michael L. Draney Jan 2022

Review Of Spiders Of North America, By Sarah Rose, Michael L. Draney

The Prairie Naturalist

A field guide to spiders, the dominant terrestrial predator group, has long been a desire for North American naturalists, biologists, and spider fans, but not surprisingly, the first “real” field guide has been a long time coming. The diversity of spiders, with over 50,000 known species globally (World Spider Catalog 2022) and around 4,000 in North America north of Mexico (Rose 2022), is well beyond the diversity of more traditional field guide targets such as birds (about 1,000 species north of Mexico; American Birding Association 2022) or butterflies (about 725 species north of Mexico; North American Butterfly Association 2022). Also, …


Second Twenty-Five Year Index: Volumes 26–50, 1994–2018, Jane E. Austin Jan 2022

Second Twenty-Five Year Index: Volumes 26–50, 1994–2018, Jane E. Austin

The Prairie Naturalist

The first 50 years of the Prairie Naturalist reside on the shelves of libraries and personal collections. The articles and notes published over those years provide invaluable knowledge about Great Plains biota, communities, conservation, and landscape ecologies. Awareness of the wealth of information in those 50 print volumes has been limited, relying on references from other published papers or the limited number of articles that have been made available online by authors. This index serves as resource for individuals to digitally tap into the information published since 1994. This index, together with the first 25-year index, serves to complement the …


Regenerating Agroecosystems By Overcoming Human Exceptionalism In Designing For Increased Equity Of Benefits From Ecoservices, Ali Loker, Charles A. Francis Jan 2022

Regenerating Agroecosystems By Overcoming Human Exceptionalism In Designing For Increased Equity Of Benefits From Ecoservices, Ali Loker, Charles A. Francis

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

Our commentary explores three critical issues related to ecosystem services. First is how ecoservices are currently designed and implemented primarily for human benefit without concern for how these impact other species. We conclude that awareness of this imbalance is the first step toward meaningful change. Second we observe that human exceptionalism guides most decisions, and ask whether we can overcome this mind-set to embrace ecoregeneration and design of resilient and mutually beneficial agroecosystems. Our attitude toward the challenge and moving toward greater humility about human roles that guide management decisions in the ecosystem is a requisite for change. Third we …


Contents, Discovery Editors Jan 2022

Contents, Discovery Editors

Discovery, The Student Journal of Dale Bumpers College of Agricultural, Food and Life Sciences

No abstract provided.


Letter From The Faculty Editor, Beth Kegley Jan 2022

Letter From The Faculty Editor, Beth Kegley

Discovery, The Student Journal of Dale Bumpers College of Agricultural, Food and Life Sciences

No abstract provided.


Instructions For Authors, Discovery Editors Jan 2022

Instructions For Authors, Discovery Editors

Discovery, The Student Journal of Dale Bumpers College of Agricultural, Food and Life Sciences

No abstract provided.


Maud Gordon Holmes Arboretum List Of Tree Species, Chloe Mokadam Jan 2022

Maud Gordon Holmes Arboretum List Of Tree Species, Chloe Mokadam

Maud Gordon Holmes Arboretum database

Maud Gordon Holmes Arboretum database of Tree Species.


Documenting The Rapidly Expanding Distribution Of Invasive Ravenna Grass (Tripidium Ravennae) Eastern In Kansas, Rachel A. Styers Jan 2022

Documenting The Rapidly Expanding Distribution Of Invasive Ravenna Grass (Tripidium Ravennae) Eastern In Kansas, Rachel A. Styers

Electronic Theses & Dissertations

Invasive species cause significant ecological losses in the United States where they cost approximately $21 billion dollars a year to manage (Fantle-Lepczyk et al., 2022). Early detection of new invasive species, coupled with a rapid response of management efforts, can help to slow the ecological and economic impacts caused by these habitat invaders. Tripidium ravennae (L.) H. Scholz (or Ravenna grass) is a tall, robust, cespitose grass known to occur in Kansas, although its distribution remained poorly documented prior to this study. Given its known invasive tendencies, it has been declared noxious in at least six US states. Coupled with …


Regenerative Agriculture Effects On Invertebrate And Bird Communities And Insect-Provided Ecosystem Services, Alex Michels Jan 2022

Regenerative Agriculture Effects On Invertebrate And Bird Communities And Insect-Provided Ecosystem Services, Alex Michels

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Conventional agricultural practices can have unintended consequences on the environment and wildlife. Insects and birds are declining at rapid rates around the world, and the current conventional agricultural paradigm is a major driver through habitat loss and the intensification of production. Invertebrates in agroecosystems provide services to both farmers and the rest of society. Regenerative systems may promote the functioning of an agroecosystem by influencing invertebrate abundance, diversity, and ecosystem services and mitigate bird and insect declines through conservation practices that increase soil health, reduce disturbances, and increase biological diversity. Here I address knowledge gaps of the effects of regenerative …


Response Of Soil Biochemical And Physical Properties To Long Term Prairie Cordgrass And Kura Clover Intercropping System, Vaishnavi Varikuti Jan 2022

Response Of Soil Biochemical And Physical Properties To Long Term Prairie Cordgrass And Kura Clover Intercropping System, Vaishnavi Varikuti

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Prairie cordgrass (Spartina pectinata) (PCG) is a warm-season perennial grass that can be used as a biofuel feedstock and can be grown on marginal lands. Previous studies on intercropping of a perennial legume i.e., kura clover (Trifolium ambiguum) (KC) with PCG can improve soil biochemical properties, increase biomass production, mitigate greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions while reducing the chemical fertilizer requirement. However, there is a lack of evidence about the effects of PCG production on soil biochemical and physical properties during the cropping season and at deeper soil depths in reference to support plant growth, environmental implications and enhance the soil …


Machine-Learning And Meta-Analysis Techniques To Quantify And Predict Soil Organic Carbon, N2O-N And Co2-C Emissions In Cover Crop Systems, Deepak Raj Joshi Jan 2022

Machine-Learning And Meta-Analysis Techniques To Quantify And Predict Soil Organic Carbon, N2O-N And Co2-C Emissions In Cover Crop Systems, Deepak Raj Joshi

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

People worldwide are challenged by multiple threats including climate change, growing populations, and soil degradation. Addressing these challenges requires understanding of the local environment, farming systems and modern technologies. These technologies include new ways to process information that include artificial intelligence, machine learning and meta-analysis. Models produced using these technologies may be useful for predicting the consequences of implementing conservation practices that reduce GHG emissions as well as for determining the carbon footprint of cropping systems that include environmentally friendly conservation technologies such as growing cover crop. Therefore, our objectives of this study were to: 1) provide an overview of …


Effects Of Buried Wood On The Development Of Populus Tremuloides On Various Oil Sands Reclamation Soils, Kaitlyn E. Trepanier, Laura Manchola-Rojas, Bradley D. Pinno Jan 2022

Effects Of Buried Wood On The Development Of Populus Tremuloides On Various Oil Sands Reclamation Soils, Kaitlyn E. Trepanier, Laura Manchola-Rojas, Bradley D. Pinno

Aspen Bibliography

Buried wood is an important but understudied component of reclamation soils. We examined the impacts of buried wood amounts and species on the growth of the common reclamation tree species trembling aspen (Populus tremuloides). In a greenhouse study, aspen seedlings were planted into four soil types, upland derived fine forest floor-mineral mix (fFFMM), coarse forest floor-mineral mix (cFFMM), and lowland derived peat and peat-mineral mix (PMM), that were mixed with either aspen or pine wood shavings at four concentrations (0%, 10%, 20% and 50% of total volume). Height and diameter growth, chlorophyll concentration, and leaf and stem biomass were measured. …


All About The Prairie: Coloring Book Of Plants, Animals, And Insects Native To Iowa Prairies, Brianna Hull Jan 2022

All About The Prairie: Coloring Book Of Plants, Animals, And Insects Native To Iowa Prairies, Brianna Hull

Faculty Book Gallery

A coloring book with drawings of plants, animals, and insects that are native to Iowa. Includes the common and Latin names of the species as well as the Meskwaki names for some. -- Provided by the publisher


Current And Past Prairie Reconstruction Approaches, Sophie Wieland Jan 2022

Current And Past Prairie Reconstruction Approaches, Sophie Wieland

Honors Capstone Projects

This project was concerned with prairie reconstruction - that is, lands that have been seeded and are being managed to emulate a prairie ecosystem. The first section is a literature review on how prairie reconstruction arose. In the second component, data on plant species in local reconstructed prairies collected for the Prairie Reconstruction Initiative by the Morris Wetland Management District were summarized. The new monitoring framework is evaluated, as is the condition of the selected reconstructions, including the success of planted species and encroachment of non-native species.


Iron Toxicity-Induced Dna Damage, Dna Methylation Changes, And Ltr Retrotransposon Polymorphisms In Zea Mays, Esra Arslan Yüksel, Murat Aydin, Mahmut Si̇nan Taşpinar, Güleray Ağar Jan 2022

Iron Toxicity-Induced Dna Damage, Dna Methylation Changes, And Ltr Retrotransposon Polymorphisms In Zea Mays, Esra Arslan Yüksel, Murat Aydin, Mahmut Si̇nan Taşpinar, Güleray Ağar

Turkish Journal of Botany

The impact of Fe2+ (iron)toxicity on genomic instability, DNA methylation status, and Long Terminal Repeat Retrotransposons (LTR RTs) polymorphisms on Zea mays is unknown. We investigated the toxicity of Fe2+ using Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD), Coupled Restriction Enzyme Digestion-Random Amplification (CRED-RA) and Inter Retrotransposon Amplified Polymorphism (IRAP) assays in Zea mays seedlings, respectively. The results indicated that each dose of FeSO4 (50, 100, 200, and 300 mg/L) had a reducing effect on Genomic Template Stability (GTS) and increasing in RAPD pattern changes (DNA damage). The value of DNA methylation rised gradually depending on FeSO4 doses. Moreover, five LTR RTs …


Involvement Of Poly(Adp-Ribose)Ylation (Parylation) In The Regulation Of Antioxidant Defense System In Arabidopsis Thaliana Under Salt Stress, Rengi̇n Özgür Uzi̇lday Jan 2022

Involvement Of Poly(Adp-Ribose)Ylation (Parylation) In The Regulation Of Antioxidant Defense System In Arabidopsis Thaliana Under Salt Stress, Rengi̇n Özgür Uzi̇lday

Turkish Journal of Botany

Posttranslational modifications (PTM) are one of the first responses of plants to environmental stress and involve changing the location and activity of proteins in the cell. Addition of poly(ADP-ribose) (PAR) to proteins, poly(ADP-ribose)ylation (PARylation), is a posttranslational modification resulting from the binding of ADP-ribose from NAD+ to target proteins by PAR polymerases (PARP). PARylation is involved in many physiological events in plants including abiotic and biotic stress response. The aim of this work was to understand involvement of PARylation in inducing enzymatic antioxidant defence and alternative electron sinks in response to salinity. For this purpose A. thaliana plants were treated …


Archaeobotanical Evidence Of Agricultural Products In The Southern Mediterranean Part Of Turkey During The Bronze Ages From Tatarlı Höyük, Sali̇h Kavak, Hali̇l Çakan Jan 2022

Archaeobotanical Evidence Of Agricultural Products In The Southern Mediterranean Part Of Turkey During The Bronze Ages From Tatarlı Höyük, Sali̇h Kavak, Hali̇l Çakan

Turkish Journal of Botany

In this study, archaeobotanical data were gathered from the Early, Middle, and Late Bronze Age layers (2400-1200 BC) of the Tatarlı Höyük exposed in the 2011?2012 excavation seasons in the Ceyhan district of Adana Province were evaluated. In 8 trenches relating to these periods, archaeological contexts such as inside areas, hearths, ovens, middens, ceramic pots, etc., as well as contexts with carbonized plant remains were recovered by using dry and wet sieving methods, corresponding in total to 90 soil samples. The major agricultural plants identified were Triticum monococcum (einkorn wheat), Triticum dicoccum (emmer wheat), Triticum aestivum (bread wheat), Hordeum vulgare …


Inocybe Viscida (Inocybaceae: Agaricomycetes), A New Species From Mediterranean Forests Of Turkey, Oğuzhan Kaygusuz, Henning Knudsen, Ditte Bandini, İbrahi̇m Türkekul Jan 2022

Inocybe Viscida (Inocybaceae: Agaricomycetes), A New Species From Mediterranean Forests Of Turkey, Oğuzhan Kaygusuz, Henning Knudsen, Ditte Bandini, İbrahi̇m Türkekul

Turkish Journal of Botany

Inocybe viscida sp. nov., a novel species found in a forest with old trees of Pinus brutia and tertiary relict endemic Liquidambar orientalis in coastal area of southwestern Turkey, is described and illustrated. We present this new species based on morphological and molecular data from nuclear rDNA internal transcribed spacer region (ITS1-5.8SITS2 = ITS) and the portions of nuc 28S rRNA (LSU) gene. Comprehensive description, field photographs, line drawings of the microscopic features and comparisons with phenetically similar taxa and phylogenetically related species are discussed.


Allelopathic Potential, Nutritional Qualities, And Responses Of Chenopodium Quinoa (Willd.) To Abiotic Stress Conditions-A Review, Sulaiman Shah, Yaseen Khan Jan 2022

Allelopathic Potential, Nutritional Qualities, And Responses Of Chenopodium Quinoa (Willd.) To Abiotic Stress Conditions-A Review, Sulaiman Shah, Yaseen Khan

Turkish Journal of Botany

Quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) is a pseudo cereal crop, which is considered a new alternative crop due to its high nutritional value and tolerance to environmental stresses. Its seeds are rich in proteins and amino acids (e.g., lysine, threonine, and methionine) that are deficient in other pseudo-cereal crops. It also contains essential fatty acids, such as linoleic, and alpha-linolenic acids, and high quantities of vitamins, e.g., riboflavin (B2), and tocopherol (vitamin E), and inorganic nutrients. It has a low glycemic value, is gluten-free, and has high levels of fibre and antioxidants, e.g., alpha- and gamma-tocopherol. In many studies, quinoa …


Southeast South Dakota Experiment Farm Annual Progress Report, 2022, Southeast South Dakota Research Farm Jan 2022

Southeast South Dakota Experiment Farm Annual Progress Report, 2022, Southeast South Dakota Research Farm

Agricultural Experiment Station and Research Farm Annual Reports

This is an annual report of the research program at the Southeast South Dakota Research Farm in cooperation with South Dakota Agricultural Experiment Station and the SDSU College of Agriculture, Food, and Environmental Sciences and has special significance for those engaged in agriculture and the agriculturally related businesses in the ten county area of Southeast South Dakota. The results shown are not necessarily complete or conclusive. Interpretations given are tentative because additional data resulting from continuation of these experiments may result in conclusions different from those based on any one year.