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Nebline, February 1998

NEBLINE Newsletter Archive from Nebraska Extension in Lancaster County

4-H: What it's all about
Basil for everyone
1998 Perennial Plant
of the Year
Winter care of houseplants
Soap or oil—that is the question
Terrariums
Be A Better Gardener 4-H Youth Program
One starling's a darling, but a flock is not!
What's buzzing? Register for Beginners Beekeeping Workshop
today!
Grab it off the web
Pest management in and around your home: what's your strategy?
Backyard wildlife—tips for success
Volunteers are needed!
For the birds
Extension meetings scheduled
CRP Meeting and Burn School Planned
Farm Leases Seminar
Check out these winter workshops
Oats for pasture, hay and silage
Management key to …

Forage News [1998-02], Department Of Plant And Soil Sciences, University Of Kentucky

Forage News

• National Alfalfa Symposium and XVIII Kentucky Alfalfa Conference February 26-27, 1998 University Plaza Hotel & Convention Center Bowling Green, Kentucky
• KFGC Awards to be Presented at Alfalfa Symposium
• U.K. All Commodity Field Day
• Grazing School for Spring 1998
• More Forage Learning Opportunities
• Forage Variety Reports
• Poultry Litter for Pastures
• Influence of Seedling Growth on Flooding Injury in Alfalfa
• Upcoming Events

Randomly Amplified Polymorphic Dna Analysis (Rapd) Of Artemisia Subgenus Tridentatae Species And Hybrids, E. Durant Mcarthur, Joann Mudge, Renée Van Buren, W. Ralph Andersen, Stewart C. Sanderson, David G. Babbel

Great Basin Naturalist

Species of Artemisia (subgenus Tridentatae) dominate much of western North America. The genetic variation that allows this broad ecological adaptation is facilitated by hybridization and polyploidization. Three separate studies were performed in this group using randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD). Fifty-seven 10-mer primers generated nearly 400 markers from genomic DNA obtained from leaf tissue. These studies were (1) a measure of the variability of plants within and between populations and between subspecies using 5 A. tridentata ssp. wyomingensis populations, 2 A. cana ssp. cana populations, and 1 A. cana ssp. viscidula population; (2) an examination of the hypothesis that …

Lindsay M. Black, 1907 To 1997, Myron K. Brakke, D. V. R. Reddy

Department of Plant Pathology: Faculty Publications

Plant pathology and virology lost a pioneer when Lindsay MacLeod Black died on 23 December 1997. We lost a friend and mentor. Black was noted for proving conclusively that a plant virus can multiply in both leafhopper vectors and plants; characterizing unstable, leafhopper-transmitted viruses; and developing insect tissue cultures for studying plant viruses.

Signaling Via Camp In Fungi: Interconnections With Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Pathways, James Kronstad, Adriana De Maria, Deanna L. Funnell, R. David Laidlaw, Nancy Lee, Mário Moniz De Sá, Marilee Ramesh

Department of Plant Pathology: Faculty Publications

The cAMP signal transduction pathway controls a wide variety of processes in fungi. For example, considerable progress has been made in describing the involvement of cAMP pathway components in the control of morphogenesis in Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Ustilago maydis, and Magnaporthe grisea. These morphological processes include the establishment of filamentous growth in S. cerevisiae and U. maydis, and the differentiation of an appressorial infection structure in M. grisea. The discovery that appressorium formation requires cAMP signaling provides an immediate connection to fungal virulence. This connection may have broader implications among fungal pathogens because recent work indicates that …

Mistletoe, Jerry L. Goodspeed

All Archived Publications

No abstract provided.

Management Of Red Squirrel Feeding Damage To Lodgepole Pine By Stand Density Manipulation And Diversionary Food, Thomas P. Sullivan

Vertebrate Pest Conference Proceedings: 18th (1998)

The red squirrel (Tamiasciurus hudsonicus) feeds on the vascular tissues of sapling lodgepole pine (Pinus contorta) during spring periods in forests of interior British Columbia and Alberta, Canada. This damage may lead to mortality and reduced growth of crop trees in managed stands. Manipulation of stand density by pre-commercial thinning to densities < 1,000 stems/ha is an effective method to lower squirrel populations and feeding damage. Lowering stand density enhances the growth of crop trees, and understory herbs and shrubs as wildlife habitat, while protecting trees from squirrel feeding. This approach has been successful in several forest ecological zones. An alternative management tool is provision of diversionary food (sunflower seed) for those stands susceptible to feeding damage, and where stand thinning has already been completed. Diversionary food can be applied aerially and is very cost effective for protecting managed stands. These techniques may be used to maintain or even enhance species diversity of small mammal communities in those forest stands requiring protection.

Land Application Of Biosolids: A Guide For Farmers, Rich Koenig, Dean Miner, Kerry Goodrich

All Archived Publications

No abstract provided.

Restricted Use Pesticides, Howard M. Deer

All Archived Publications

No abstract provided.

Tapeinosperma Alatum (Myrsinaceae): A Remarkable New Species From Ceram, Diane Holland, P.F. Stevens

Biology Department Faculty Works

A new pachycaul species Tapeinosperma alatum D.E. Holland & P.F. Stevens (Myrsinaceae) is described from South Central Ceram. It is characterized by its huge leaves, over 1 m long, and congested, almost Gunnera-like. inflorescence. The distinctive distribution of the Papuasian pachycaul species of Tapeinosperma is briefly compared with that of a number of other unrelated taxa.

Shifting Paradigms In Island Biology, Sherwin Carlquist

Aliso: A Journal of Systematic and Floristic Botany

The ease of travel by jet aircraft has opened up island areas not only for study but also for introduction of weeds, pests, and pathogens. We are at a critical juncture in the study of island organisms, which have become more accessible at the same time that they are vanishing. With the urgency for study of island organisms, we have many new tools, especially molecular ones, which have validated the existence of long-distance dispersal in unexpected ways. These tools, together with the ease of staying for longer periods on islands, have permitted us to understand many aspects of evolutionary adaptation …

Conserving Plants As Evolutionary Entities: Successes And Unanswered Questions From New Zealand And Elsewhere, Ian A. E. Atkinson

Aliso: A Journal of Systematic and Floristic Botany

Saving a species from extinction may not insure that its future will continue as before, even when the surviving population is in a wild habitat. Former selection forces may be missing or replaced by others so that the species develops along a different evolutionary pathway. Such disruption of evolutionary direction may be particularly important for island taxa given that modification by humans and their introduced organisms is making many islands more similar to continental habitats. In restoring habitats for island species, special attention should therefore be given to identify ing the major selective forces likely to have been operating during …

Landscape Management Challenges On The California Channel Islands, William L. Halvorson

Aliso: A Journal of Systematic and Floristic Botany

Managing for sustained biodiversity and restoration of natural habitat has become increasingly important over the last two decades, first as mitigation for development (especially in wetlands), and , more recently in natural areas. The latter has come about as land managing agencies like the Department of Defense and Bureau of Land Management have seen the need to reverse the impact of past land uses and agencies like the National Park Service and The Nature Conservancy have taken on the responsibility for less-than-pristine lands.

On the California Channel Islands, the need for restoring and managing biodiversity is great, but this restoration …

Plant Conservation In A Changing World, Peter H. Raven

Aliso: A Journal of Systematic and Floristic Botany

No abstract provided.

A Floristic Study In The Diamond Creek Drainage Area, Gila National Forest, New Mexico, Eric H. Roalson, Kelly W. Allred

Aliso: A Journal of Systematic and Floristic Botany

The Diamond Creek drainage is one of the major watershed systems of the Gila National Forest in southwestern New Mexico. The purposes of this study were to catalog the vascular plants of a portion of this drainage area, describe the vegetation zones, locate any threatened, endangered, or sensitive plant species, and assess plant regeneration in areas that have been burned. The study area is located in the eastern portion of the Gila National Forest along the Black Range in the northwest corner of Sierra County. It covers approximately 5600 hectares (14000 acres) and ranges in elevation from 2250 to 3000 …

Ecophysiological Observations On Lane Mountain Milkvetch, Astragalus Jaegerianus (Fabaceae), A Proposed Endangered Species Of The Mojave Desert, Arthur C. Gibson, M. Rasoul Sharifi, Philip W. Rundel

Aliso: A Journal of Systematic and Floristic Botany

Astragalus jaegerianus, the Lane Mountain milkvetch, a perennial herbaceous legume, is a rare and very narrow endemic of the central Mojave Desert in San Bernardino County, California, and currently proposed to be listed as an endangered species. This herb grows in the protection of low shrubs. Anatomical observations revealed that leaflets are amphistomatic and have isolateral mesophyll, typical of full-sun desert leaves, and the green stem is an important photosynthetic organ, having abundant stomata and a cylinder of cortical chlore nchyma. Ecophysiological studies showed that this species requires high PFD (1400-1500 μmol m^-2s^-1) to achieve …

An Inventory And Condition Survey Of The Sandstone-Yalgoo-Paynes Find Area, Western Australia, A L. Payne, A M E Van Vreeswyk, K A. Leighton, H J. Pringle, P Hennig

Technical Bulletins

The inventory and condition survey of the Sandstone-Yalgoo-Paynes Find area, undertaken by the Department of Agriculture and Food, Western Australia (DAFWA) between 1992 and 1993, describes and maps the natural resources of the region’s pastoral leasehold land. This survey report provides a baseline record of the existence and condition of the area’s natural resources, to assist with the planning and implementation of land management practices. The report identified and described the condition of soils, landforms, vegetation, habitat, ecosystems, and declared plants and animals. It also assessed the impact of pastoralism and made land management recommendations. The area surveyed covers about …

The Use Of Red Mud/Gypsum To Reduce Water Pollution From Sandy Soils Used For Vegetable Production, Ian Mcpharlin, W. J. Robertson, R. C. Jeffery

Research Reports

An important domestic and export vegetable industry is located on the sands of the Swan Coastal Plain (SCP) in Western Australia. The total value of the vegetable industry on the SCP was estimated at $90M in 1996/7 or about 50% of the total value of the industry. This vegetable production has been located on good quality sands such as the Spearwood and yellow Karrakatta sands, close to the coast, since the 1950s. However in recent years competition for this land for urban and industrial use has forced vegetable production onto soils with poorer water and phosphorus retention capacity such as …

Help California Transplants Adapt, Dennis Hinkamp

All Archived Publications

No abstract provided.

Linking People, Purpose, And Place: An Ecological Approach To Agriculture, Heidi Carter, Richard Olson, Charles A. Francis

CARI Extension and Education Materials for Sustainable Agriculture

Linking Ecology and Agriculture

Whole Farm Planning

Soil Quality

Agroforestry

Grazing Systems

Weed and Insect Management

Farmer Groups

Farmland Conversion

Resources and Information Sources

Center For Grassland Studies Newsletter, Winter 1998, Volume 4, No. 1

Center for Grassland Studies: Newsletters

Contents:

Biological Control of Weedy Exotic Thistles and Its Ecological Side Effects in the Sandhills: Observations (Part 1) by Svata Louda, School of Biological Sciences, UNL

Cutting Edge Technology Used for UNL Football Practice Field by Roch Gaussoin, Department of Horticulture, UNL

Early-summer Grazing Effects on Defoliation and Tiller Demography of Prairie Sandreed by Andrew Cullan, Patrick Reece and Walter Schacht, Department of Agronomy, UNL

Bison/Buffalo Information

East Meets West in 1999: SRM/AFGC Joint Meeting by Heidi Carter, Center for Sustainable Agricultural Systems, UNL

Field Trip Graduate Course on Ecology of Grazing Lands

A Coalescent Approach To Chloroplast Genome Relationships Within And Between Populations Of Pinus Devoniana In Mexico, Jennifer A. Matos

Aliso: A Journal of Systematic and Floristic Botany

Pinus devoniana, a member of the Pinus montezumae complex (Ponderosae) of Mexico and Central America occurs as scattered populations from the western states of Jalisco and Nayarit to Chiapas in the east. Populations within regions, i.e., western or eastern Mexico, are separated by from 75 to 300 km, while the eastern and western populations are more that 700 km apart. Levels of gene flow between populations within regions and between eastern and western Mexico are assessed using the paternally inherited chloroplast genome as a marker. Twenty-five polymorphic restriction chloroplast sites were found in the 175 individuals surveyed; …

Plant Conservation In The Juan Fernandez Archipelago, Chile, Tod F. Stuessy, Ulf Swenson, Daniel J. Crawford, Gregory Anderson, Mario Silva O.

Aliso: A Journal of Systematic and Floristic Botany

Oceanic archipelagos often hold very specialized floras with high degrees of endemism. These floras are frequently highly vulnerable to disturbance by natural causes and human intervention. The Juan Fernandez Islands (Chile) in the Pacific Ocean are a small archipelago of only three islands. Since discovery in 1574 by Juan Fernandez, human activities have altered floristic composition and survival circumstances of the endemic species. In this paper we document past and present means of disturbance, both anthropogenic and natural, which have influenced the native vegetation. The most destructive past activities have been logging and .introduction of animals and plants, both deliberately …

Native And Naturalized Leguminosae (Fabaceae) Of The United States (Exclusive Of Alaska And Hawaii), Duane Isely

Books by Faculty of the Monte L. Bean Life Science Museum

Abstract

This work, in progress for five decades, consists of a summary revision of the legumes of the adjacent 48 United States. Treated are all known indigenous species, the commonly grown and weedy introductions, and some of the rarely grown species and waifs. Descriptions are provided for the legume family, for all genera, and for all indigenous and commonly grown or introduced species. Keys are provided for genera and species, as well as infraspecific taxa as required. Geographical information, distribution maps, and nomenclatural notes are included. New nomen­clatural proposals are as follows: Astragalus eastwoodiae var. debequaeus (Welsh) Isely, comb nov.; …

Characterization Of The Large (L) Rna Of Peanut Bud Necrosis Tospovirus, S. Gowda, Satyanarayana Tatineni, R. A. Naidu, A. Mushegian, W. O. Dawson, D. V. R. Reddy

Department of Plant Pathology: Faculty Publications

The nucleocapsids purified from peanut plants systemically infected with peanut bud necrosis virus (PBNV), a member of the genus Tospovirus, contained both viral(v) and viral complementary(vc) sense L RNAs. Defective forms of L RNA containing ‘core polymerase region’ were observed. The full length L RNA of PBNV was sequenced using overlapping cDNA clones. The 8911 nucleotide L RNA contains a single open reading frame (ORF) in the vc strand, and encodes a protein of 330 kDa. At the 50 and 30 termini of the v sense RNA there were 247 and 32 nt untranslated regions, respectively, containing an 18 …

A Systematic Study Of The Native Geum L. Species Of Illinois, Michael B. Wenzel

Masters Theses

A systematic study of the seven species of Geum L. (Rosaceae) native to Illinois including G. aleppicum var. strictum (Aiton) Fernald, G. canadense Jaquin, G. laciniatum Murray var. trichocarpum Fernald, G. rivale Linnaeus, G. triflorum Pursh, G. vernum (Rafinesque) Torrey & Gray, and G. virginianum Linnaeus is presented. Early classification systems are briefly compared, especially regarding the topic of subgenera. Detailed taxonomic descriptions, distribution information including county citations, and identification keys were developed for this study. Two seperate keys, one for floral characters and the second for specimens in fruit are given for greater ease in proper identification.

Two …

Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry Analysis Of The Cuticular Hydrocarbons From Parasitic Wasps Of The Genus Muscidifurax, Ulrich R. Bernier, David A. Carlson, Christopher J. Geden

United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service / University of Nebraska-Lincoln: Faculty Publications

Parasitic Hymenoptera can be difficult to identify by conventional taxonomic techniques. Examination of the cuticular hydrocarbons (CHCs) provides a basis for chemotaxonomic differentiation, which may lead to the discovery of pheromones, and can be a means of examining colonies for species cross-contamination. The parasitic wasps examined were Muscidifurax raptor, M. zaraptor, M. uniraptor, and the gregarious form of M. raptorellus. Species within the genus Muscidifurax, as well as the sex, can clearly be differentiated by examining the gas chromatograms of the CHCs. Identification of the alkanes by mass spectrometry shows uncommon dimethylalkanes and trimethylalkanes for members of the …

Black Flies, Simulium Spp. (Insecta: Diptera: Simuliidae), J. F. Butler, J. A. Hogsette

United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service / University of Nebraska-Lincoln: Faculty Publications

Introduction

Florida occasionally experiences outbreaks of black flies, though this is a rare occurance, and these large populations are caused by rainfall extremes. Common names for this pest include black flies and turkey gnats, as well as a number of new names applied by Floridians which are not repeatable here. Because of the hump visible behind their head when viewed in profile, black flies are also called buffalo gnats. Like eye gnats, they fly around people's heads, occasionally getting into eyes and ears as well as crawling in the hair. Because most of the specimens collected to date have been …

Morphological Study Of Cultivated Cowpea Vigna Unguiculata (L.) Walp. Importance Of Ovule Number And Definition Of Cv Gr Melanophthalmus, Rémy Stéphane Pasquet

All Peer-Reviewed Publications

More than 400 cultivated cowpea accessions were studied using 29 morphophysiological characters. The analysis of data contrasts evolved cultivars and more primitive cultivars (and wild forms) according to seed size on the one hand and early and late flowering (under inductive conditions) on the other hand. The latter character is markedly correlated with ovule number. Photosensitive and early-flowering photoindependent cultivars have 11-17 ovules per pod and late flowering photoindependent cultivars have 16-25 ovules per pod. The analysis leads to assigning the accessions studied to the following different cultigroups: cv gr Unguiculata, cv gr Sesquipedalis, cv gr Biflora and cv gr …

Northern Australia Quarantine Strategy. Weeds Target List, B. M. Waterhouse, A A. Mitchell

Biosecurity published reports

Second edition.

The Northern Australia Quarantine Strategy (NAQS) was established in 1989 as an outcome of a major evaluation of quarantine in Australia (AGPS 1987, 1988). NAQS activities include surveying for weeds,insect pests and diseases of plants; and pests and diseases of animals in northern Australia, Papua New Guinea and Indonesia. The primary goal is to provide early detection and warning of new quarantine threats or incursions.

A targetted approach was adopted for all pests, diseases and weeds. For each category of pest, experts in the discipline compiled lists of organisms not known from Australia but known to occur in …