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Analysis Of A Natural Pasture Of The Karst Region (North-East Italy) Under Chemical Fertilization, G Parente, R Ardiani, F Bozzo, M Onofrii, M Scimone, S Venerus

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

To characterise the vegetation changes in a natural pasture, a mineral fertilisation and a 4-year grazing test (1987-1990) were carried out on a typical karstic natural grassland, at that time not grazed by livestock and frequently devastated by fire. Mineral fertiliser and year-long animal grazing have modified the vegetation and seem not to have damaged the agro-ecosystem. An increase of the Arrhenatheretum species and, consequently, higher dry matter production, have been recorded, as well as an extension of the growth period and a greater quantity of grass during the summer. Animal performance has been quite satisfactory as the milk production …

Combining Agricultural Agent Training In Forages With Graduate Credit, Garry Lacefield, Jimmy Henning, M Rasnake, C Forsythe, L Davis

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

An intensive agent training programme in alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) production nnd utilisation was initialed in 1990. The training was organised by slate extension forage specialists to meet the needs of agricultural agents. Previous programmes have offered similar training but did nol resull in graduate credit. This unique approach offered intensive training to agents presented by a multidisciplinary learn of scientists. All requirements for graduate credit were met and the course completion resulted in 3 hours of graduate credit. The course has been rated "superior" by students. When properly organised and implemented, intensive agent training can be offered that …

A Grazing Land Conservation Plan, R G. Hendricks

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

In a sample planning scenario, a ranching operation in the USA demonstrates a typical conservation problem on grazing lands. Using SCS conservation planning techniques, problems and objectives are identified, resources are inventoried, data are analysed, solutions formulated and conservation practices implemented to solve the resource problem. With use of the economic analysis routine in Grazing Land Applications (OLA) version 1.1 decision suppott software, return on investment was largest when the client installed a combination of rest-rotation grazing, prescribed burning, and initiated a hunting lease programme.

Range Conservation Planning: The Usda- Soil Conservation Service Method, Rhett H. Johnson

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

The USDA-Soil Conservation Service has responsibility for providing one-on-one conservation planning assistance with the private rangeland managers of over 160 million ha in the USA. This assistance is provided on voluntary basis at the request of the private land user through a local conservation district. Through SO years of experience, a successful planning process has evolved, known as the Ten Elements Of Conservation Planning. These elements are: (1) provide information, (2) request assistance, (3) develop resource inventories, (4) recognise problems and opportunities, (5) determine objectives, (6) develop and evaluate alternatives, (7) make decisions, (8) document decisions, (9) implement decisions, and …

Use Of Objective Planning Techniques In The Development Of Large Livestock Farm In New Zealand, K I. Lowe

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Limestone Downs is a sheep and beef cattle property of 3200 ha near Port Waikato, and provides funds for the C Alma Baker Trust for "the furtherance of the science of agriculture". A development programme slatted in 1981 transformed the farm from an extensive "station" into an intensive farming operation, lifting animal performance and financial returns. This followed the adoption of well-proven and relatively inexpensive modifications to management. Similar programmes should have realistic goals, and established decision rules with priorities. These should be supported by an appropriate monitoring programme and the use of objective data in decision making.

Interdisciplinary Research: A Vehicle For Meeting The Information Needs Of Grassland Producers, Robert O. Burton Jr, K P. Coffey, J L. Moyer, L W. Lomas, P T. Berends

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Representing the major academic disciplines involved in grassland research • agronomy, animal science and agricultural economics the authors discuss the benefits and pitfalls of interdisciplinary research. Factors discouraging interdisciplinary research include: (1) discipline chauvinism, (2) the time and effort required for communications .and co-ordination, (3) inadequate credit for multiple authorship and (4) importance of disciplinary research. However, link among disciplines are necessary because clientele commercially producing forage need information integrating agronomy, animal science, economics and other disciplines. Benefits of interdisciplinary research are ( I) stimulating highly specialised scientists to plan, perform and interpret their research in the context of whole-farm …

Effect Of Inoculants And Absorbents Incorporated In Grass Silage On Silage Quality, Effluent Production And Animal Performance, Raymond Jones

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Unwilled ryegrass crops (151 kg DM) were enslled in 70-t bunker silos. Crop analysis (g/kg/DM) was water-soluble carbohydrates 153, nitrogen 24.1 and predicted digestibility (DOMD) 0.67. Molassed sugar beet feed pellets were incorporated at a rate of 25 kg/t in the harvested crop with or without inoculant treatment ("Live Systems", MMB, UK), and compared with a control silage with no additive. Absorbent addition with or without inoculant significantly reduced silage pH and ammonia-N compared with the control. Inoculant treatment further increased lactic acid content. Silage effluent production was reduced by up to 33% by absorbent inclusion with effluent DM losses …

Nebline, August/September 2024

NEBLINE Newsletter Archive from Nebraska Extension in Lancaster County

Preserving the Harvest: Canning, Freezing and Drying Tips, Kayla Colgrove

How Savvy are YOU with Home Canning?

Recipe of the Month: Freezing Onions, Kayla Colgrove

Deep, Infrequent Irrigation Makes Lawns and Trees Healthier, Sarah Browning

Garden Guide: Things to Do This Month, Mary Jane Frogge

Get the Jump on Jumping Worms, Kait Jumpman

Preparing Water for Use in an Emergency, Becky Schuerman

Heart of 4-H Volunteer Award: Nicole Miller and Cole Meador

4-H Teen Council Invites New Members

4-H Announcements

Lancaster County Super Fair, August 1-10, 2024

4-H Premiere Communication Event Top Results

4-H Clover College: 55 Hands-on Workshops

4-H …

Diseases Of Cannabis Sativa And The Epidemiology And Molecular Diversity Of Neofusicoccum Parvum, Hannah V. Zima

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Cannabis sativa has been an underutilized agricultural resource in the United States, largely due to federal regulations distinguishing marijuana from hemp. In 2018, Congress passed a Farm Bill, which defined hemp as C. sativa containing a tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) level of no more than 0.3%. As a result, commercial hemp production began in most states in 2019, including Arkansas, and was accompanied by numerous challenges like diseases and pests. The research on the epidemiology of diseases affecting C. sativa is limited, and understanding the pathogens is in its early stages in the U.S. For this study, an initial disease survey was …

Fungal Pathogen Control And Microbial Ecology: Insights From Soybean Seed Production, Samantha Rigo Segalin

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

This study evaluated the effects of planting date (PD), seed vigor, and chemical seed treatments on the plant stand and yield of two soybean cultivars with different maturity groups (MGs) across four locations in Arkansas from 2018 to 2021. Early planting in early May (early PD) led to higher plant stands and yields compared to late planting in early June (late PD). The interaction between planting date and cultivar was significant, with both cultivars showing higher plant stands on early planting dates. Seed vigor and seed treatment also significantly impacted plant populations; high-vigor seeds planted early resulted in better stands …

Hay – Essentials For Growing A Successful Crop, Department Of Primary Industries And Regional Development, Western Australia

Grains and other field crops factsheets

Export hay fits into most of the accepted cropping rotations and helps reduce weed seed banks, overcome herbicide resistance, provides a break from traditional chemical regimes and good paddock preparation for the subsequent crop, and is an alternative profitable crop.

Talk to your local hay exporter about their requirements for hay produced for export before sowing oats for export hay. Hay exporters have different requirements, which will affect how you manage your crop.

Forage News [2024-08], University Of Kentucky

Forage News

No abstract provided.

Identifying Genes Linked To Variation In Metabolic And Whole Plant Phenotypes Using Data From Genome Resequencing, Transcriptomics, And Metabolic Profiling Of A Field-Grown Maize Diversity Panel, Ramesh Kanna Mathivanan

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research

Maize metabolism is highly complex and influenced by genetic variation, yet the specific genes contributing to this variation and their links to non-metabolic traits remain less understood. To address this knowledge gap, we identified genes involved in maize metabolic variation and linked them to non-metabolic traits. We utilized a quadruplicate dataset of whole genome resequencing, transcriptomic, metabolic, and whole plant phenotype data from a single common field experiment of 660 diverse maize inbred lines. Leaf samples were collected shortly before flowering and analyzed using GC-MS for 26 metabolites. A Resampling Model Inclusion Probability Genome-Wide Association Study (RMIPGWAS) of approximately 2.6 …

Evaluation Of A Capsule Suspension Formulation Of S-Metolachlor For Use In Fenclorim-Treated Rice And Wheat, Samuel Charles Noe

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

The continued evolution of herbicide resistance is one of the primary concerns facing Arkansas growers today. Problematic weeds such as barnyardgrass [Echinochloa crus-galli (L.) Beauv.] and Italian ryegrass [Lolium perenne L. ssp. multiflorum (Lam.) Husnot] have evolved resistance to some of the most used herbicides in rice (Oryza sativa L.) and wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). To counteract this resistance, alternative herbicide sites of action should be explored. S-metolachlor is a very-long-chain fatty acid (VLCFA)-inhibiting herbicide [Herbicide Resistance Action Committee (HRAC)/Weed Science Society of America (WSSA) Group 15] commonly used in U.S. row crops to control grasses and small-seeded broadleaf weeds. …

Virion Composition Of Wheat Streak Mosaic Virus (Wsmv) And Its Use As An Expression Vector, Sourav Pal

Department of Plant Pathology: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research

Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is the principal cereal grown in the United States, whose production ranks third in the world. Bacterial leaf streak (BLS) disease caused by Xanthomonas translucens pv. undulosa (xtu) is an emerging threat to wheat production in the Great Plains region of the United States of America. In this study, we engineered sequences encoding several plant-based antimicrobial peptides (AMP) were engineered into the WSMV genome and examined their effect on BLS disease in wheat infected by WSMV harboring AMP sequences. Out of nine AMPs, wheat expressing Ace-AMP1, PDF13, TK-AMP-D1, and TK-AMP-D3 produced resistance against the …

Transforming Grassland Conservation: Challenges And Opportunities Across Law, Policy, And Human Dimensions, Conor D. Barnes

Dissertations and Doctoral Documents, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, 2023–

Great Plains social-ecological systems are facing growing pressure from complex, ‘wicked’ problems. Addressing these problems will require integrating ecological resilience and complex systems thinking concepts into our legal framework in order to better reflect the changing ecological reality of the Great Plains and promote flexibility and adaptability in the face of that change. In this dissertation, I examine how past and present policy priorities have affected social-ecological systems on the Great Plains, and how ecological resilience and complex systems thinking might be applied to grassland management policy. In Chapter 2, I examine the rapid progress made in the adoption of …

Dynamics Of Soybean Seed Protein And Oil Content With Depth In The Canopy, Hafith Furqoni

Dissertations and Doctoral Documents, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, 2023–

Understanding the physiological basis of variation in seed composition is critical for optimizing soybean seed composition. Also, studying dry matter accumulation and nitrogen uptake, partitioning, and redistribution in soybeans is crucial due to its direct impact on seed yield levels and overall plant productivity. This study aimed to test the primary proxy influencing seed protein and oil content, which is their accumulation rate determined by the assimilate supply per seed. The second objective was to comprehensively understand soybean dry matter (DM) accumulation and nitrogen (N) uptake, partitioning, and removal patterns within the canopy. Field experiments were conducted using two soybean …

Assessing, Restoring, And Centering Social–Ecological Relationships For Advancing Social–Ecological Resilience In The Northern Great Plains Grasslands, Katia Pilar Carranza Bernal

School of Natural Resources: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research

The Northern Great Plains grasslands are social-ecological systems that were shaped by evolutionary and Indigenous social-ecological relationships. European colonization disrupted many of these interactions, including the coupling of fire and grazing, and degraded social-ecological resilience, shifting these grasslands to a new state. For those reasons, my research focused on assessing, restoring, and centering evolutionary and Indigenous social-ecological relationships for advancing social-ecological resilience in the Northern Great Plains grasslands. I first performed a study in the Nebraska Sandhillls assessing the potential of patch-burn grazing to support grassland resilience by comparing its effects to those of rotational grazing. Through vegetation and bird …

Integration Of Matlab And Machine Learning To Accelerate Evaluation Of Biological Activity In Agricultural Soils And Promote Soil Health Improvement Goals, Andrew Stiven Ortiz Balsero

Department of Agricultural and Biological Systems Engineering: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research

Traditionally, assessments of soil biological activity have been confined to laboratory settings, creating a disconnect with practical in-field methods. To bridge this gap, cotton fabric degradation has been used to illustrate soil microbial activity under different management practices. While effective, these demonstrations are subjective and labor-intensive.

Researchers have explored using image processing software like ImageJ and Adobe Photoshop to streamline this process. Although these tools accurately quantified fabric degradation under varying soil conditions, the methods remained labor-intensive and complex. Consequently, these methods were still not ideal for on-farm use by agricultural practitioners.

To further address labor and complexity limitations, the …

Assessment Of The Drivers Of Adoption Of Climate Smart Agriculture Practices Among Field Crop Farmers In Zambia, Faindani Nyirenda

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Climate smart agriculture (CSA) practiced has been promoted in Zambia since the 1980s to address the declining crop productivity due to increased occurrence of drought or dry spells caused by climate change. Despite considerable research indicating that CSA practices have many potential benefits such as increased yield and income, the adoption rate in southern Africa is still low especially where farmers have stable off farm income. This might be because most of the research and promotion has been directed to the main staple crop maize and other context specific impacts related to agroecological and socioeconomic heterogeneity. In this study we …

Investigating The Adaptive Potential Of Leaf Variegation In Two Dimorphic Hexastylis Species, Cierra N. Sullivan

All Dissertations

Variegated leaves with disjointed, patterned coloration of the leaf blade are often hypothesized to have decreased photosynthetic capacity in comparison to uniformly colored leaves. Yet, many forest understory plants in tropical, subtropical, and temperate climates possess leaf variegation. Moreover, mixed findings from previous research on the physiological impacts of leaf variegation suggest variegation is adaptative under certain environmental conditions despite decreased photosynthetic tissue area. I take an eco-physiological approach to investigate agents of selection maintaining a leaf variegation polymorphism in Hexastylis, which has both quantitative and qualitative variation in variegation. First, I conduct field surveys of morph frequencies, quantitative …

Agronomic Practices To Enhance Weed Management, Department Of Primary Industries And Regional Development, Western Australia

Grains and other field crops factsheets

Some agronomic practices, such as crop choice and sequence and improving crop competition and pasture competition, can improve crop environment and growth, and the crop's ability to compete with weeds.

Assessment Of American Tannin-Free Grain Sorghum As Feedstuff For Poultry: Nutrient Composition, Amino Acid Digestibility And Bird Performance, Santiago Sasia

All Dissertations

Given the rising cost of poultry diets, alternative ingredients like sorghum are crucial for maximizing returns without compromising product quality. Sorghum's drought tolerance and adaptability, along with its nutritional profile, make it a viable corn substitute. This dissertation examines the nutrient composition, amino acid digestibility, and performance of poultry fed with American tannin-free grain sorghum. Chapter II evaluates the impact of sorghum-based diets, with or without phytase superdosing, on broiler performance, including body weight, weight gain, feed intake, and feed conversion ratio. Results indicate that sorghum can replace corn without adverse effects on broiler performance. Chapter III explores the partial …

The Impact Of Ectopic Expression Of A Plant Elicitor Peptide In Bacillus Subtilis On Nematode Resistance In Soybean Through Seed Treatment, Abeer Alnasrawi

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Soybean (Glycine max) is the most beneficial legume crop because it is a source of protein as well as oil for humans and livestock. Soybean is the second most planted crop in the United States following corn and it is also the fourth planted crop worldwide. However, the soybean cyst nematode (Heterodera glycines, SCN) is the most damaging pest of soybean in the United States, accounting for more than twice as much yield loss as the following cause of yield loss in soybean. Therefore, there is a pressing need to develop alternative management strategies to control SCN infection in soybeans. …

Approaches To Controlling Palmer Amaranth And Its Interference In Furrow-Irrigated Rice, Tanner Austin King

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Palmer amaranth (Amaranthus palmeri S. Wats) is the most troublesome and problematic weed in most mid-southern U.S. row crop production systems. With the increased adoption of furrow-irrigated rice (Oryza sativa L.), there is a greater occurrence of Palmer amaranth due to sustained moist conditions allowing continual emergence of the weed throughout the growing season. Palmer amaranth has previously been shown to negatively affect crop yields when left unmanaged. Therefore, there is a high potential for rice yield loss due to the weed’s ability to emerge over an extended period and interfere with crop development. However, there is a lack of …

Evaluation Of A Diflufenican:Metribuzin:Flufenacet Premixture For Soybean Tolerance And Weed Control, Matthew Coleman Woolard

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Palmer amaranth [Amaranthus palmeri (S.) Wats.] and waterhemp [Amaranthus tuberculatus (Moq.) Sauer] ranks among the most troublesome weeds of soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.], having evolved resistance to multiple herbicide sites of action. Bayer CropScience has announced its intentions to launch Convintro™ brand herbicides, one being a three-way premixture for use preplant until 3 d after planting in soybean. The premixture will include diflufenican (WSSA Group 12), metribuzin (WSSA Group 5), and flufenacet (WSSA Group 15) (DFF-containing premixture), adding a new site of action for use in soybean throughout the United States. In 2022 and 2023, field trials were conducted …

Economics - The Neglected Dimension Of Pasture Disease R&D, N D. Macleod

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Pasture utilisation underpins a significant contribution of livestock industries to Australia’s economic well-being. Pasture disease represents a direct threat to these enterprises but the economic magnitude of this threat remains largely unknown as the contribution of agricultural economics to pasture disease R&D, management and policy making has been minimal to date. Some insights to explain this apparent neglect are highlighted and a suggestion is made for a multiple disciplinary approach to R&D.

The Effect Of Grazing On Etiolated Regrowth In Eight Grass Species, H A. Lardner, S.B M. Wright, R.D H. Cohen

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Grazing by herbivores affects grass species both morphologically and physiologically. A grazing study was conducted on an irrigated pasture near Outlook, Saskatchewan, Canada during the summers of 1991 and 1992 to determine etiolated regrowth after grazing of reed canarygrass (Phalaris arundinacea L.), slender wheatgrass (Elymus trachycaulus (Link) Gould ex Shinners subsp. trachycaulus), intermediate wheatgrass (Thinopyrum intermedium (Host) Barkw. & D.R. Dewey subsp. intermedium), orchardgrass (Dactylis glomerata L.), meadow bromegrass (Bromus beibersteinii Roem. & Schult.), smooth bromegrass (Bromus inermis Leyss.), tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea (Schreb.) Wimm.) and timothy (Phleum pratense L.) in …

Forage And Animal Management Systems On Communal Rangelands In Arid And Semi-Arid Regions, Panjab Singh, A N. Ghosh

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Grasslands and savannas, which comprise about 25% of the earth's land surface, are undergoing constant degradation, particularly in ar d and semi-arid regions. The rangeland resource is constantly sinking mainly because of its conversion to crop land, leaving farmer and pastorilist vulnerable to environmental extremes. This Paper presents the existing situation and the herbage and animal Product biomass of these regions. Climate and its impact on the Vegetation are discussed. Prevalent systems of rangeland use by sedentary and nomadic herdsman are considered and the constraints 0 the system are enumerated. Livestock 'rearing has been the most important occupation in these …

Wheat Response To Foliar-Applied Phosphorus Is Determined By Soil Phosphorus Buffering, Raj Malik, Craig Scanlan, Andrew Van Burgel, Balwinder Singh

Grain and Other Field Crops Research Articles

In no-till cropping systems, banding of phosphorus (P) fertiliser at seeding results in low use efficiency due to chemical reactions in soil. Foliar P has the potential to allow grain producers to respond tactically with P application after sowing when P supply from soil and fertiliser is not meeting crop demand. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of foliar P on wheat grain yield, grain quality, biomass yield, P uptake and P use efficiency indices. Nine field experiments were conducted to investigate the response of wheat to foliar P. Three rates of P, 0, 2.5 and …