Digital Commons Network^™

Wheat Polyphenol Oxidase: Distribution And Genetic Mapping In Three Inbred Line Populations, Tigst Demeke, Craig F. Morris, Kimberly A. Garland-Campbell, Garrison E. King, James A. Anderson, Hak-Gil Chang

United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service / University of Nebraska-Lincoln: Faculty Publications

The enzyme polyphenol oxidase (PPO) has been implicated in discoloration of Asian noodles. The recombinant inbred line (RIL) populations, M6/‘Opata 85’, NY18/CC, and ND2603/‘Butte 86’ were used to investigate the distribution, chromosome location, and number of loci involved in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) PPO. PPO activity was measured by means of the substrates L-DOPA (L-3,4-dihydroxyphenyl-alanine) and L-tyrosine. The M6/Opata 85 RIL population had a normal distribution, while the ND2603/Butte 86 RIL population had a bimodal distribution for PPO activity (L-DOPA assay).

Using Upper Boundary Constraints To Quantify Competitive Response Of Desert Annuals, Laura M. Lessin, Andrew R. Dyer, Deborah E. Goldberg

Faculty Publications

Using a target-neighborhood approach with six annual dicot species in the Negev Desert of Israel, we tested whether neighborhood biomass constrained the upper limit of plant performance and if the slope of the upper boundary was correlated to species trait means, such as relative growth rate (RGR) and seed mass. Target individuals were measured in early spring and then collected at the onset of the dry season along with all naturally occurring neighbors within a 5-cm radius of the target. Using a minimum of 50 samples for each of the six target species, we found no significant relationships between target …

Nebline, January 2001

NEBLINE Newsletter Archive from Nebraska Extension in Lancaster County

Families Stay Healthy Through Lancaster
County Nutrition Education Program (NEP)
Lancaster County NEP Employee Receives UNL Outstanding Employee Award
Nebraska Nutrition Education Program Receives National Award
Basic Tree Pruning
2001 Plants of the Year
Ten Steps To Good Gardening
Horticulture information center
How do Animals Survive our Cold Nebraska Temperatures?
Firebrat Frustration
Number One Nuisance/Number One Clown
SNAP Hires Manager
Testing Feed and Balancing Rations Saves Money
Private Pesticide Applicator Training
Computerized Financial Record Keeping
Starting Seedlings Indoors
Energy Information Goes Digital
Check Before Flushing
Energy Star Products Offer Energy, Environmental Savings
Good Hay is Valuable
Healthy Eating: Enjoy Nebraska …

Inventory Of Parks Division Lands For Threatened And Endangered Species Habitats And Exemplary Natural Communities, Steven B. Rolfsmeier

Nebraska Game and Parks Commission: White Papers, Conference Presentations, and Manuscripts

The Nebraska Natural Heritage Program is responsible for environmental review of state projects, including those on Parks division properties, to determine if they may impact state-listed threatened and endangered species. In addition, the Program maintains a statewide database on natural communities and rare and imperiled species. This information is used to inform conservation decision-making, including land management decisions, with a goal of conserving Nebraska’s flora and fauna, our natural legacy. The two main objectives of this inventory project were first to improve the Nebraska Game and Parks Commission’s knowledge of threatened and endangered species and their potential habitat on Parks …

Aquatic Plants Of Nebraska, Michael P. Gutzmer, Robert B. Kaul

University of Nebraska State Museum: Programs Information

More than 100 species of aquatic plants grow in Nebraska. Some are entirely submersed for their whole lives, others produce floating leaves and flowers, and still others stand upright, with only their lower stems in water. Examples of these are shown here in this publication.

Vigorous and diverse colonies of aquatic plants are usually a sign of healthy and stable aquatic environments. In fact, the plants themselves stabilize the shorelines, underwater soils, and water chemistry. Waters rich with aquatic plants are rich with aquatic animals and waterfowl, which find cover, breeding habitat, and abundant food. Non-alkaline waters have more aquatic …

Habitat Management Strategies For The Control Of Cereal Stemborers And Striga In Maize In Kenya, Z. R. Khan, J. A. Pickett, L. Wadhams, F. Muyekho

All Peer-Reviewed Publications

Maize is the principal food and cash crop for millions of people in the predominantly mixed crop-livestock farming systems in Kenya. Stemborers and striga (Striga hermonthica) are major constraints to increased maize production in eastern Africa. An intercropping and trap crop system has been developed, using a ‘push-pull’ strategy, for the control of stemborers in small scale maize farming systems. The ‘push-pull’ strategy involves trapping stemborers on highly susceptible trap plants (pull) and driving them away from the crop using repellent intercrops (push). Napier grass (Pennisetum piirpiirenm Schumach) and Sudan grass (Sorghum vulgare sudanense Stapf J are used as trap …

Pathogenicity And Antifeedant Activity Of Entomopathogenic Hyphomycetes To The Cowpea Leaf Beetle, Ootheca Mutabilis Shalberg, S. Ekesi

All Peer-Reviewed Publications

Conidial suspensions of four isolates each of Bcauvcria bassiana and Melnrhizhtm anisopliae were evaluated in the laboratory for their virulence to adult Ootlicca mntabilis. All the isolates tested were pathogenic to the beetle, but to varying degrees. Three of them, B. bassiana CPD 3 and CPD10 and M. anisopliae CPD 6 were superior to all other isolates in terms of mortality induced on adult beetle, LT50 and LC50, with B. bnssiana CPD 3 having the lowest LC50 value. In feeding assayi consumption by beetles treated with B. bnssiana CPD 3 was significantly reduced within 2 days treatment (DAT) and the …

Characterization Of A PorosTm-Fumonisin B1 Affinity Column For Isolating Ceramide Synthase From Rat Liver, S. Jernigan, W. B. Melchior Jr., G. R. Jenkins, K. L. Rowland, D. W. Roberts, P. C. Howard, H. Tolleson

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

Fumonisin B1 is a mycotoxin produced by fungi of the genus Fusarium, common pathogens of corn and other grain plants. Toxic effects associated with fumonisin B1 include equine leukoencephalomacia, porcine pulmonary edema, rat renal carcinoma, and murine hepatocellular carcinoma. Increased risk for esophageal cancer in humans has been epidemiologically associated with consumption of corn contaminated with Fusarium, suggesting that fumonisin B1 may be involved. The biological effects of fumonisin B1 exposure result primarily from disruption of de novo sphingolipid biosynthesis via inhibition of ceramide synthase. Exposure of animals or cultured cells to fumonisin B1 results in the characteristic accumulation of …

Farming Systems To Manage Salinity. Farmer Directed Research, Development And Extension. Research Results 2001, Richard Olive

Natural resources published reports

More and more of Western Australia's agnicultural lands are becoming saline. Currently it is estimated that about 18 milliion ha of land are affected to a greater or lesser degree by salinity causing production losses estimated at about $70 million a year.

Unless ways are found to halt and reverse the salinisation of land it is estimated that another 4.4 million ha could become saline over the next 50 years.

Grain growers and the Federal Government, through the Grains Research and Development Corporation (GRDC). are investing $12 4 million in R&D across Australia to develop productive solutions to the salinity …

Methyl-Β-Cyclodextrin: An Alternative Carrier For Intravenous Infusion Of Palmitate During Tracer Studies In Swine (Sus Scrofa Domestica), Diane Wray-Cahen, Thomas J. Caperna, Norman C. Steele

United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service / University of Nebraska-Lincoln: Faculty Publications

Fatty acid-free albumin has been the standard carrier for intravenous infusion of fatty acids to study in vivo lipid metabolism. However, subjects can have adverse reactions to infusion of albumin. We sought an alternative to albumin as a carrier for intravenous infusion of fatty acids, using the pig as a model. Cyclodextrins are naturally occurring water-soluble molecules that can serve as carriers for lipid-soluble compounds. ¹³C-palmitate was complexed to either 20% methyl-β-cyclodextrin, 20% 2-hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin, or 5% porcine albumin (isotopic purity of infusates: 99.22±0.06%). ¹³C-palmitate-albumin was infused under fed conditions and ¹³C-palmitate-methyl-β-cyclodextrin was infused under fasted and fed …

Hymenopteran Pupal Parasitoids Recovered From House Fly And Stable Fly (Diptera: Muscidae) Pupae Collected On Livestock Facilities In Southern And Eastern Hungary, Jerome A. Hogsette, Róbert Farkas, Csaba Thuróczy

United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service / University of Nebraska-Lincoln: Faculty Publications

This field survey, the second noting the occurrence and diversity of filth fly pupal parasitoid fauna in Hungary, was performed on beef and dairy feedlots and swine facilities in the southern and eastern parts of the country. The filth flies Musca domestica L. And Stomoxys calcitrans (L.) Were the two most commonly parasitized hosts. The three species of Spalangia recovered, in decreasing order of abundance, were S. Cameroni Perkins, S. Nigroaenea Curtis, and S. Endius Walker. Pachycrepoideus vindemiae Rondani, Trichomalopsis sp., two apparently undetermined Diapriidae spp. And one apparently undetermined Brachycera sp. Are believed to be new country records.

Assessing Site Vulnerability To Phosphorus Loss In An Agricultural Watershed, Andrew N. Sharpley, Richard W. Mcdowell, Jennifer L. Weld, Peter J. A. Kleinman

United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service / University of Nebraska-Lincoln: Faculty Publications

A P index was developed as a tool to rank agricultural fields on the basis of P loss vulnerability, helping to target remedial P management options within watersheds. We evaluated two approaches, a soil P threshold and components of a P index, by comparing site vulnerability estimates derived from these two approaches with measured runoff P losses in an agricultural watershed in Pennsylvania. Rainfall–surface runoff simulations (70 mm h^-1 for 30 min) were conducted on 57 sites representing the full range of soil P concentrations and management conditions found in the watershed. Each site was comprised of two, abutting …

History, Current Status, And Collaborative Researchprojects For Bemisia Tabaci, M. R. V. Oliveira, T. J. Henneberry, P. Anderson

United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service / University of Nebraska-Lincoln: Faculty Publications

Bemisia tabaci was described over 100 years ago and has since become one of the most important pests worldwide in subtropical and tropical agriculture as well as in greenhouse production systems. It adapts easily to new host plants and geographical regions and has now been reported from all global continents except Antarctica. In the last decade, international transport of plant material and people have contributed to geographical spread. B. tabaci has been recorded from more than 600 plant species and there may be many additional hosts not yet formally documented. Biotypes have been identified in different areas of the world …

Food Webs, Risks Of Alien Enemies And Reform Of Biological Control, D. R. Strong, R.W. Pemberton

United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service / University of Nebraska-Lincoln: Faculty Publications

As ilwasions of alien species mount, biological control will become an increasingly important tool of conservation and agriculture. In an effort to understand indirect interactions in biological control, we review food web ecology in terms of resource competition, trophic cascades, intraguild predation, apparent competition, omnivory and a diverse set of tritrophic interactions. The most inclusive study suggests that food webs in biological control are simpler than in natural communities. Risks to non-target species created by biological control have been studied seriously for only about 20 years, and knowledge of these risks is incomplete. The greatest risks are known to be …

Fungal Symbiosis From Mutualism To Parasitism: Who Controls The Outcome, Host Or Invader?, Regina S. Redman, David Dunigan, Rusty J. Rodriguez

Department of Plant Pathology: Faculty Publications

• Plant symbiotic fungi are generally thought to express a single lifestyle that might increase (mutualism), decrease (parasitism), or have no influence (commensalism) on host fitness. However, data are presented here demonstrating that plant pathogenic Colletotrichum species are able to asymptomatically colonize plants and express nonpathogenic lifestyles.

• Experiments were conducted in growth chambers and plant colonization was assessed by emergence of fungi from surface sterilized plant tissues. Expression of symbiotic lifestyles was assessed by monitoring the ability of fungi to confer disease resistance, drought tolerance and growth enhancement.

• Several pathogenic Colletotrichum species expressed either mutualistic or commensal lifestyles …

A Synopsis Of The Ferns And Fern Allies Of Nebraska, With Maps Of Their Distribution, Steven B. Rolfsmeier, Robert B. Kaul, David M. Sutherland

School of Biological Sciences: Faculty Publications

An annotated list and country-by-country distribution maps are presented for the 32 species of ferns and fern allies native to Nebraska, based upon field and herbarium studies and critical evaluation of the literature. Native to the state are Isoëtes melanopoda, Selaginella rupestris, five species of Equisetum, and 25 species in 18 genera of ferns. Three native species are here verified for the first time, based upon recent collections: Matteuccia struthiopteris var. pensylvanica, Ophioglossum engelmannii, and Pellacaglabella ssp. glabella. Isoëtes melanopoda was rediscovered in 2000, the first record since 1941. Rejected are published reports of …

Genomic Regions That Underlie Soybean Seed Isoflavone Content, K. Meksem, V. N. Njiti, W. J. Banz, M. J. Iqbal, My. M. Kassem, David L. Hyten, J. Yuang, T. A. Winters, D. A. Lightfoot

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

Soy products contain isoflavones (genistein, daidzein, and glycitein)that display biological effects when ingested by humans and animals, these effects are species, dose and age dependent. Therefore, the content and quality of isoflavones in soybeans is a key to their biological effect. Our objective was to identify loci that underlie isoflavone content in soybean seeds. The study involved 100 recombinant inbred lines (RIL)fr om the cross of ‘Essex’ by ‘Forrest,’ two cultivars that contrast for isoflavone content. Isoflavone content of seeds fromeach RIL was determined by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The distribution of isoflavone content was continuous and unimodal. The …

Research Needs Concerning Non-Target Impacts Of Biological Control Introductions, K.R. Hopper

United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service / University of Nebraska-Lincoln: Faculty Publications

Two workshops were held in 1999 on research needs concerning non-target impacts of biological control introductions. One took place on the Internet for 9 months, and the other in Montpellier, France, for 1 day. Altogether, over 200 researchers from over 30 countries participated, representing a wide variety of viewpoints on the issues involved. The deliberations of these workshops are summarized here. Both workshops highlighted the need for retrospective studies to: (i) identify cases of significant non-target impacts; (ii) explore mechanisms involved when such impacts are found; (iii) evaluate the reliability of host-range testing protocols; and (iv) determine whether and under …

Oxidative Metabolism In Plant/Bacteria Interactions: Characterization Of The Oxygen Uptake Response Of Bacteria, C. Jacyn Baker, Norton Mock, Kenneth L. Deahl, Bryan Bailey, Daniel P. Roberts

United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service / University of Nebraska-Lincoln: Faculty Publications

An increase in oxygen uptake has been previously described in plant cell suspensions treated with bacteria or bacterial elicitors. These studies, regarding oxygen uptake, have all been undertaken from the perspective of the host plant cell reacting to the invading pathogen. In contrast, here we describe and characterize an increase in oxygen uptake by bacterial cells in response to plant suspensions or autoclaved plant cell filtrates. Autoclaved plant cell filtrates stimulated bacterial oxygen uptake by as much as sevenfold within a few minutes after addition. This oxygen uptake response was proportional to both the concentration of the plant cell filtrate …

Oxidative Metabolism In Plant/Bacteria Interactions: Characterization Of A Unique Oxygen Uptake Response Of Potato Suspension Cells, C. Jacyn Baker, E. W. Orlandi, Kenneth L. Deahl

United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service / University of Nebraska-Lincoln: Faculty Publications

Plant suspension cells have been shown to respond to bacteria or microbial elicitors by producing active oxygen as well as increasing oxygen uptake. Here we characterize a unique two stage oxygen uptake response of potato suspension cells to heat-killed bacteria. Stage 1 occurred within minutes after the addition of heat-killed bacteria; the potato suspension cells responded with a rapid increase in oxygen uptake and reached a steady state approximately 50 % greater than the initial basal rate. Stage 2 began 20-30 min after this new steady state was achieved and was characterized by a slow increase in the oxygen uptake …

Induction Of Defense Responses In Tobacco By The Protein Nep1 From Fusarium Oxysporum, James C. Jennings, Patricia C. Apel-Birkhold, Norton M. Mock, C. Jacyn Baker, James D. Anderson, Bryan A. Bailey

United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service / University of Nebraska-Lincoln: Faculty Publications

Fusarium oxysporum produces a 24-kDa protein, Nep1, which induces necrosis and ethylene production in leaves of many dicot plant species. Detached Nicotiana tabacum L. cv. Xanthi leaves respond with concentration-dependent necrosis after infiltration with Nep1 or when Nep1 is taken up by the vascular tissue. This response follows the induction of ethylene biosynthesis and accumulation of ACC synthase and ACC oxidase transcripts. Pretreating the leaves with 100 µl/l ethylene prior to elicitation enhanced Nep1-induced ethylene production. Nep1 (208 nM) causes extensive necrosis of mature tobacco leaf tissue when applied to Xanthi tobacco as a foliar spray (129 ml/m²). …

Managing Crop Residue With Green Manure, Urea, And Tillage In A Rice–Wheat Rotation, Milkha S. Aulakh, T. S. Khera, John W. Doran, Kevin F. Bronson

United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service / University of Nebraska-Lincoln: Faculty Publications

Most double-crop grain farmers in South Asia remove or burn cropresidue to facilitate seedbed preparation and to avoid possible yield reductions. This results in loss of soil organic matter (SOM) and nutrients. In this study, we determined whether incorporating wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) residue, rice (Oryza sativa L.) residue, and sesbania (Sesbania aculeta L.) green manure with urea fertilizer N in a rice–wheat cropping system can improve grain yields, N use efficiency, and SOM. We incorporated wheat residue (6 Mg ha^-1, C/N = 94), rice residue (6 Mg ha^-1, C/N = 63), or …

Measures Of Denitrification In Selected South Dakota Semi-Permanent Prairie Pothole Wetlands, Beverly S. Klein

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Wetlands are an integral part of agricultural systems in the prairie pothole regions of the North Central United States and Canadian Provinces. Little research has been done on denitrification in prairie potholes, and a better understanding of their denitrifying capability could aide in optimizing management practices near pothole areas. Most probable number (MPN) and denitrifying enzyme activity (DEA or Phase I) assays were conducted. Most probable number (MPN) measures were used to give an estimate of dissimilatory nitrate reduction to ammonia (DNRA) and denitrifying populations present in the wetlands. This study involved 3 selected semi-permanent prairie pothole wetlands near Madison, …

Gophers Eating Into Ag Profits, Dennis Hinkamp

All Current Publications

No abstract provided.

Forage News [2000-12], Department Of Plant And Soil Sciences, University Of Kentucky

Forage News

• Forages at KCA
• Kentucky Agricultural Statistics
• KFGC Installs New Officers
• Forage Awards Presented
• Kentucky Grazing Conference
• Small Farm Puts Stock in Managed Grazing
• Upcoming Events

Central Crops And Soils Research Station Highmore, South Dakota: Annual Progress Report, 2000, Agricultural

Agricultural Experiment Station and Research Farm Annual Reports

This document highlights 14 crop and soils research projects conducted at the Central Crops and Soils Research Station at Highmore in 2000. It is published by the South Dakota Agricultural Experiment Station and the Plant Science Department at South Dakota State University. Information in this document includes: weather and climate data, field evaluation of woody plant materials, Switchgrass Biofuels project report, weed control evaluation test, fertilizer and soil test effects on wheat yields, small grain performance tests, alfalfa production, influence of planting dates on winter wheat, oat research, and sunflower hybrid performance trials.

An Enhancer Trap Line Associated With A D-Class Cyclin Gene In Arabidopsis, Kankshita Swaminathan, Yingzhen Yang, Natasha Grotz, Lauren Campisi, Thomas Jack

Dartmouth Scholarship

In yeast and animals, cyclins have been demonstrated to be important regulators of cell cycle progression. In recent years, a large number of A-, B-, and D-class cyclins have been isolated from a variety of plant species. One class of cyclins, the D-class cyclins, is important for progression through G1 phase of the cell cycle. In Arabidopsis, four D-class cyclins have been isolated and characterized (CYCLIN-D1;1, CYCLIN-D2;1,CYCLIN-D3;1, and CYCLIN-D4;1). In this report we describe the characterization of a fifth D-class cyclin gene,CYCLIN-D3;2 (CYCD3;2), from Arabidopsis. An enhancer trap line, line 5580, …

Nebline, December 2000

NEBLINE Newsletter Archive from Nebraska Extension in Lancaster County

Planting Your Small Farm's Future
Winter Care of Houseplants
Houseplant Insect Problems
Ways to Attract Birds
Air Layering Tropical Plants
Amaryllis Care
Pheromone Traps Help Control Pests
“Green” Gifts
Sneaky Rodents can be Tough to Catch
Give a Gift of Knowledge
Winter Activities for Kids
Fescue Endophyte Toxicity Found in the County
Discussion on Crop Biotechnology
Conservation Tree Program — New Species
To Prune is to Care
Nebraska Nuts Add Holiday Flavor
Deforestation in United States
“Do You Know What You Are Eating?”
It’s Prime Time for Prime Rib
Handling Holiday Leftovers When Dining Out
Family & Community Education (FCE): …

The Vascular Flora Of Prentice Cooper State Forest And Wildlife Management Area, Tennessee, John Trevor Beck

Masters Theses and Doctoral Dissertations

The vascular plants of Tennessee's Prentice Cooper State Forest and Wildlife Management Area were gathered from 112 collection trips made during the growing seasons of 1998 and 1999. Prentice Cooper has an interesting and a rich flora. I collected 2,313 specimens and examined 110 herbarium specimens. The flora is comprised of 139 families, 512 genera, and 1,038 species and lesser taxa. The four largest families are Asteraceae (128 species-12% of the flora), Poaceae (106 species-10%), Cyperaceae (64 species-6%), and Fabaceae (57 species-5%). These four families represent approximately 34% of the total flora. Numerous county extensions, as well as rare, threatened, …

Comparative Phenology Of Acacia Berlandieri, A. Minuata, A. Rigidula, A. Schaffneri, And Chloroleucon Ebano In The Lower Rio Grande Valley Of Texas, Melissa R. Eddy

Theses and Dissertations - UTB/UTPA

A phenological study of Acacia berlandieri, A. minuata, A. rigidula, A. schaffneri, and Chloroleucon ebano was conducted at three sites in the lower Rio Grande Valley of Texas from July 1998 to August 1999. Flowering in Acacia species occurred between January and April 1999, and was influenced by precipitation only in A. minuata . The timing of flowering appears to be influenced by the amount of time needed for fruit maturation. Precipitation, photoperiod, and temperature influenced the timing of fruiting in all species except A. berlandieri . Shoot elongation and leaf maturation in Acacia species were positively correlated with …