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Articles 2401 - 2430 of 7155
Full-Text Articles in Entire DC Network
Measures Of Fluid Loss During Surfing: A Preliminary Analysis In Recreational Surfers, Rudi A. Meir, Zachary James Crowley-Mchattan Dr, Lyndon O. Brooks, Blake Duncan, Christian Gorrie, Jeremy Sheppard
Measures Of Fluid Loss During Surfing: A Preliminary Analysis In Recreational Surfers, Rudi A. Meir, Zachary James Crowley-Mchattan Dr, Lyndon O. Brooks, Blake Duncan, Christian Gorrie, Jeremy Sheppard
International Journal of Aquatic Research and Education
Surfing is a popular sport, but little is known about the extent to which recreational surfers experience fluid loss from this activity. The principal objective of this research was to estimate fluid loss during a surfing session through changes in pre- to post-session urine color (Ucol), urine osmolality (Uosm), and body mass (BM). Data were collected from 11 recreational surfers across 14 surf sessions conducted under various environmental (mean water temperature = 22.1 SD ± 2.3; range = 20-26oC; air temperature range = 13.1-31.5oC; relative humidity range = 37.5-88.1%) and surfing conditions (e.g. winter/summer, wave type, …
Effects Of Aerobic Exercise Modality On Cognition And Fitness In Breast Cancer Survivors, Julie A. Larsen, Judy Knuth
Effects Of Aerobic Exercise Modality On Cognition And Fitness In Breast Cancer Survivors, Julie A. Larsen, Judy Knuth
International Journal of Exercise Science
International Journal of Exercise Science 12(3): 1023-1033, 2019. Although cognitive dysfunction is a common occurrence among breast cancer survivors, there is no widely recognized intervention for this debilitating condition. The purpose of this study was to determine whether floor/step aerobics (FSA) and/or treadmill walking (TMW) interventions can improve outcomes when compared to standard care (STC). Recent breast cancer survivors participated in 12 weeks of FSA (n=8), TMW (n=7), or STC (n=10) with pre/post assessments of cognition and fitness. Interaction effects between group and time were assessed with repeated measures ANOVA. Throughout the extent of …
The Relationship Between Lower-Body Strength And Power, And Load Carriage Tasks: A Critical Review, Robin Marc Orr, J. Jay Dawes, Robert G. Lockie, Daniel Godeassi
The Relationship Between Lower-Body Strength And Power, And Load Carriage Tasks: A Critical Review, Robin Marc Orr, J. Jay Dawes, Robert G. Lockie, Daniel Godeassi
International Journal of Exercise Science
International Journal of Exercise Science 12(6): 1001-1022, 2019. The purpose of this review was to critically appraise articles that have investigated the association between lower-body strength and power during load carriage in tactical personnel. Literature databases were searched with specific search terms, yielding 921 articles. Additional studies found from article reference lists were also assessed for eligibility. Out of these articles, 16 met the inclusion/exclusion criteria and were critically appraised. Articles were assessed by the Downs and Black evaluation tool with inter-rater agreement determined by Cohen’s kappa and final results graded according to the Kennelly quality grading system. Of the …
Prevalence Of Disordered Eating And Muscle Dysmorphia In College Students By Predominant Exercise Type, Taylor E. Lechner, Emily M. Gill, Madeleine J. Drees, Carrie M. Hamady, Mary-Jon Ludy
Prevalence Of Disordered Eating And Muscle Dysmorphia In College Students By Predominant Exercise Type, Taylor E. Lechner, Emily M. Gill, Madeleine J. Drees, Carrie M. Hamady, Mary-Jon Ludy
International Journal of Exercise Science
International Journal of Exercise Science 12(4): 1001-1012, 2019. Many young adults experience distorted body image and decreased body satisfaction. To attain more “ideal” bodies, negative alterations in eating and/or exercise habits are common. This study’s objective was to compare disordered eating and muscle dysmorphia in undergraduates who participate in aerobic-, anaerobic-, or flexibility-predominant exercise; mixed exercise; or no exercise. One hundred twelve undergraduate students (age 21.2 ± 4.8 years; BMI 25.0 ± 4.6 kg/m2) were recruited from the student union and recreation center. The Eating Attitudes Test (EAT-26), Muscle Dysmorphic Disorder Inventory (MDDI), and demographic/exercise questions were administered …
Osmoregulation And Salinity Preference In Juvenile Sandbar Sharks (Carcharhinus Plumbeus) In Winyah Bay, Sc, Usa, Jessica Wingar
Osmoregulation And Salinity Preference In Juvenile Sandbar Sharks (Carcharhinus Plumbeus) In Winyah Bay, Sc, Usa, Jessica Wingar
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Juvenile sandbar sharks (Carcharhinus plumbeus) have been caught in salinities ranging from 7 – 40. In Winyah Bay, a partially mixed estuary in Northeast SC, juvenile sandbar sharks tidally alternate between higher tides in middle bay and lower tides in lower bay. To assess salinity preference and duration in eight acoustically-tagged juvenile sandbar sharks in different salinities, acoustic receivers with salinity loggers were placed throughout Winyah Bay. Juvenile sandbar sharks were caught in salinities from 17.2 to 36.1 and acoustic detections were recorded from 11.5 to 24.7 by salinity loggers in middle bay. Smaller juvenile sandbar sharks used lower salinities, …
High-Intensity Acute Exercise And Directed Forgetting On Memory Function, Mary Elizabeth Pace, Paul D. Loprinzi
High-Intensity Acute Exercise And Directed Forgetting On Memory Function, Mary Elizabeth Pace, Paul D. Loprinzi
Faculty and Student Publications
© 2019 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. Background and Objectives: Despite accumulating research demonstrating that acute exercise may enhance memory function, very little research has evaluated whether acute exercise can effectuate intentional directed forgetting (DF), an adaptative strategy to facilitate subsequent memory performance. Materials and Methods: A three-arm parallel-group randomized controlled intervention was employed. Participants were randomized into one of three groups, including: (1) exercise plus DF (Ex + DF), (2) DF (directed forgetting) only (DF) and (3) R (remember) only (R). The acute bout of exercise included 15 min of high-intensity treadmill exercise. The memory assessment involved …
Similar Muscular Adaptations In Resistance Training Performed Two Versus Three Days Per Week, Thiago Lasevicius, Brad Jon Schoenfeld, Jozo Grgic, Gilberto Laurentino, Lucas Duarte Tavares, Valmor Tricoli
Similar Muscular Adaptations In Resistance Training Performed Two Versus Three Days Per Week, Thiago Lasevicius, Brad Jon Schoenfeld, Jozo Grgic, Gilberto Laurentino, Lucas Duarte Tavares, Valmor Tricoli
Publications and Research
The purpose of the present study was to compare changes in muscle strength and hypertrophy between volume-equated resistance training (RT) performed 2 versus 3 times per week in trained men. Thirty-six resistance-trained men were randomly assigned to one of the two experimental groups: a split-body training routine (SPLIT) with muscle groups trained twice per week (n = 18) over four weekly sessions, or a total-body routine (TOTAL), with muscle groups being trained three times per week (n = 18) over three weekly sessions. The training intervention lasted 10 weeks. Testing was carried out pre- and post-study to assess maximal muscular …
Oxygenation And Activation Of The Vastus Lateralis During Dynamic Constant External Resistance Leg Extension Muscle Actions In Older Women With And Without Sarcopenia, Brianna D. Mckay
College of Education and Human Sciences: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research
The purpose of the present study was to compare muscle strength, size, activation, and oxygenation between older women with and without sarcopenia during dynamic fatiguing leg extension bouts with high (5-repetition maximum[5-RM]) and low (30% of estimated 1-RM[30%1-RM]) loads. Eleven women (n = 6 non-sarcopenic [mean ± SE; age = 75.8 ± 2.6y] and n = 5 sarcopenic [age = 74.5 ± 3.1y]) were screened for eligibility and sarcopenic status. Descriptive assessments including demographics (age, height, and weight), body composition by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (fat mass[FM], fat-free mass[FFM] and percent body fat[BF%]), muscle size by ultrasonography (leg extensor muscle cross-sectional …
The Influence Of Strength In Load-Velocity Relationships In The Back Squat, Thaddeus Light
The Influence Of Strength In Load-Velocity Relationships In The Back Squat, Thaddeus Light
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Load-velocity relationships may vary between people of different strength levels and across different loads. The purpose of this dissertation was to investigate how external loads influence the velocity characteristics of the back squat exercise, and the influence of strength on these variables. Healthy male students with a history of resistance training completed repetitions at specified intensities of their estimated one-repetition maximum (1RM) until they reached 1RM. Back squat 3D motion analysis was captured using four Vicon T010 cameras (Vicon Motion Systems Ltd.; Oxford, UK) and Vicon Nexus 1.8.5 software. Data were transported into R custom coding statistical analysis software (version …
The Effects Of Branched Chained Amino Acid Supplementation On Acute Markers Of Fatigue And Performance, Joseph Walters
The Effects Of Branched Chained Amino Acid Supplementation On Acute Markers Of Fatigue And Performance, Joseph Walters
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
The purposes of this dissertation were to investigate the acute effects of branched-chain amino acids on psychological, physiological, and subsequent performance changes following high volume resistance training. The rationale for this study design was based on abrupt or contiguous training/ competitions that specific athletes encounter in a competitive season. This study design also sought to fill some gaps in the scientific literature concerning the efficacy of BCAAs for subjective fatigue in a resistance training paradigm. To address the purposes of this dissertation, a one-week study was conducted on resistance trained males, in which half of the subjects were randomly selected …
Analyzing Physiological Stress Response Using Dermal Swabs In Plethodon Montanus, John Tester
Analyzing Physiological Stress Response Using Dermal Swabs In Plethodon Montanus, John Tester
Undergraduate Honors Theses
Upon exposure to environmental stressors, amphibians such as Plethodon montanus will release corticosterone (CORT) thus causing a behavioral and physiological response to cope with the stress. Currently, there are several invasive ways of collecting CORT in salamanders. However, these techniques typically require euthanasia of the organism. We hypothesized that exposure of P. montanus to stressful handling conditions will result in elevations of CORT that can be detected through dermal swabbing. To test this, two experiments were conducted which involved swabbing the dorsal side of the trunk before and immediately after exposing P. montanus to two different environmental stressors. The first …
Influence Of Heating And Biological Sex On Vascular Dysfunction Associated With Long-Duration Sitting And Standing, Aaron Richard Caldwell
Influence Of Heating And Biological Sex On Vascular Dysfunction Associated With Long-Duration Sitting And Standing, Aaron Richard Caldwell
Graduate Theses and Dissertations
Purpose: The purpose of these studies was to determine if arterial angulations (through sitting or standing), shear stress (through local heating), or a combination of these factors affected vascular function. Moreover, this studied estimated the magnitude of the effect that biological sex has on these vascular responses. Methods: Twenty-six healthy, young (18-40 years old) males (n=13) and females (n=13) completed two experimental trials (2-h sitting and 2-h standing). In a randomized fashion, one leg was passively heated in order to increase shear rate. Following a 48-h washout, participants returned to the laboratory to complete the other trial. Flow-mediated dilation (FMD) …
Effectiveness Of Studying When Coupled With Exercise-Induced Arousal, Hannah A. Zabriskie, Edward M. Heath
Effectiveness Of Studying When Coupled With Exercise-Induced Arousal, Hannah A. Zabriskie, Edward M. Heath
International Journal of Exercise Science
International Journal of Exercise Science 12(5): 979-988, 2019. The basis of learning is knowledge of discrete information such as terms and definitions that can be developed through memorization. A strong knowledge base is something students strive to develop through self-directed study. Little research has investigated the role of simultaneous exercise and memorization on recall ability with a delay in recall of at least 24 hrs. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of an exercise bout on memory by requiring participants to recall words 24 hrs after exposure to three different interventions: memorization while cycling, memorization after …
Skeletal Muscle Fiber Adaptations Following Resistance Training Using Repetition Maximums Or Relative Intensity, Kevin M. Carroll, Caleb D. Bazyler, Jake R. Bernards, Christopher B. Taber, Charles A. Stuart, Brad H. Deweese, Kimitake Sato, Michael H. Stone
Skeletal Muscle Fiber Adaptations Following Resistance Training Using Repetition Maximums Or Relative Intensity, Kevin M. Carroll, Caleb D. Bazyler, Jake R. Bernards, Christopher B. Taber, Charles A. Stuart, Brad H. Deweese, Kimitake Sato, Michael H. Stone
ETSU Faculty Works
The purpose of the study was to compare the physiological responses of skeletal muscle to a resistance training (RT) program using repetition maximum (RM) or relative intensity (RISR). Fifteen well-trained males underwent RT 3 d·wk−1 for 10 weeks in either an RM group (n = 8) or RISR group (n = 7). The RM group achieved a relative maximum each day, while the RISR group trained based on percentages. The RM group exercised until muscular failure on each exercise, while the RISR group did not reach muscular failure throughout the intervention. Percutaneous needle biopsies of the vastus lateralis were obtained …
Translational Control Of Antibiotic Resistance, Anne Witzky, Rodney Tollerson Ii, Michael Ibba
Translational Control Of Antibiotic Resistance, Anne Witzky, Rodney Tollerson Ii, Michael Ibba
Biology, Chemistry, and Environmental Sciences Faculty Articles and Research
Many antibiotics available in the clinic today directly inhibit bacterial translation. Despite the past success of such drugs, their efficacy is diminishing with the spread of antibiotic resistance. Through the use of ribosomal modifications, ribosomal protection proteins, translation elongation factors and mistranslation, many pathogens are able to establish resistance to common therapeutics. However, current efforts in drug discovery are focused on overcoming these obstacles through the modification or discovery of new treatment options. Here, we provide an overview for common mechanisms of resistance to translation-targeting drugs and summarize several important breakthroughs in recent drug development.
Sensitive And Reliable Measures Of Driver Performance In Simulated Motor-Racing, Christopher Irwin, Jamie Mollica, Ben Desbrow
Sensitive And Reliable Measures Of Driver Performance In Simulated Motor-Racing, Christopher Irwin, Jamie Mollica, Ben Desbrow
International Journal of Exercise Science
International Journal of Exercise Science 12(6): 971-978, 2019. Motor racing is a physically and mentally demanding sport, associated with a high degree of risk for drivers. Hence, driving simulation provides a safe alternative to explore the impact acute physiological perturbations (e.g. heat stress or dehydration) on a driver’s performance. This study aimed to determine sensitive and reliable simulated driving performance parameters that could be employed in future driving performance studies. Thirty-six healthy males (age: 26.5 ± 8.1 y, body mass: 75.6 ± 12.2 kg, mean ± SD) completed a single experimental trial involving four simulated motor-racing drives (2 initial drives …
No Impact Of Heat Stress And Dehydration On Short Duration Simulated Motor-Racing Performance, Jamie Mollica, Ben Desbrow, Christopher Irwin
No Impact Of Heat Stress And Dehydration On Short Duration Simulated Motor-Racing Performance, Jamie Mollica, Ben Desbrow, Christopher Irwin
International Journal of Exercise Science
International Journal of Exercise Science 12(6): 960-970, 2019. Motor-racing drivers are often exposed to hot environments and may be susceptible to fluid loss and hydration issues, which could influence driving performance. This study assessed the effect of dehydration and heat stress on performance during a short, simulated motor-racing task. Nine healthy males (age: 26.6 ± 7.5 y, body mass: 78.8 ± 12.5 kg, mean ± SD) completed two passive dehydration (sauna) procedures (targeting -1% and -3% body mass loss (BML)) on separate occasions. Driving performance was assessed pre-dehydration (Baseline), immediately post-dehydration (Hot) and following a cooling period (Cool). Measures of …
Validity Of The Short Recovery And Stress Scale In Collegiate Weightlifters, Spencer Kyle Travis, Alec Perkins, Satoshi Mizuguchi, Kevin Breuel, Michael H. Stone, Caleb D. Bazyler
Validity Of The Short Recovery And Stress Scale In Collegiate Weightlifters, Spencer Kyle Travis, Alec Perkins, Satoshi Mizuguchi, Kevin Breuel, Michael H. Stone, Caleb D. Bazyler
ETSU Faculty Works
Introduction: Monitoring an athlete’s stress and recovery state across sequential training bouts can be used to gauge fitness and fatigue levels (i.e., preparedness). Previous studies have used jumping performance, biochemical markers, and questionnaires to estimate preparedness. However, self-report questionnaires are the most common due to economical and practical means. The Short Recovery and Stress Scale (SRSS) is an 8-item questionnaire ideal for monitoring; however, convergent validity of the SRSS with physiological and performance measures needs to be investigated. Purpose: Thus, the purpose of this study was to determine whether changes in collegiate weightlifter’s training volume-load, biochemical markers, and jumping performance …
Evaluation Of Kidney Injury Molecule-1 As A Disease Progression Biomarker In Diabetic Nephropathy, Fatima Abid Khan, Syeda Sadia Fatima, Ghulam Mustafa Khan, Sana Shahid
Evaluation Of Kidney Injury Molecule-1 As A Disease Progression Biomarker In Diabetic Nephropathy, Fatima Abid Khan, Syeda Sadia Fatima, Ghulam Mustafa Khan, Sana Shahid
Department of Biological & Biomedical Sciences
Background & Objective: Kidney Injury Molecule-1 (KIM-1) is a peptide whose release into circulation is specific to tubular injury. This study aimed to estimate levels of kidney injury molecule-1 in diabetic patients with and without kidney disease. And evaluate the role of KIM-1 as an early screening marker of progressive kidney injury.
Methods: This follow-up study included n=85 subjects from the diabetic clinic of Jinnah Post Graduate Medical Center (JPMC) in collaboration with Aga Khan University from November 2016 till September 2017. They were divided as: i) Group A1 (n=30) participants with diabetes for <5 years without microalbuminuria ii) Group A2 (n= 30) subjects with diabetes for 6-10 years with microalbuminuria; iii) Group B (n=25) subjects as healthy control group. All study participants were followed for 6 months and their blood glucose, urea, creatinine, electrolytes, albuminuria and serum KIM-1 were assayed.
Results: High KIM-1 at baseline was …
Role Of Transient Receptor Potential Channels In Epithelial Morphogenesis In Chick Embryo, Trinity Q. Waddell
Role Of Transient Receptor Potential Channels In Epithelial Morphogenesis In Chick Embryo, Trinity Q. Waddell
Theses and Dissertations
Transient Receptor Potential channels (TRP) are a superfamily of cationic specific ionchannels that are regulated by various stimuli such as temperature, pH, mechanical stress, ligandsand ion concentration. The role of TRP channels in disease states such as autosomal dominantpolycystic kidney disease, cancer metastasis, and developmental defects lend credence to thebelief that they play an important part in epithelial morphogenesis events. The development ofsomites, neural tube closure and migration of neural crest cells to form things such as the faceand heart is a good developmental model for the aforementioned cellular processes. We haveshown that TRP channels can be found in the …
Targeting The Pin Domain Of Type Ii Toxins Is A Novel Approach To Treat Infections Caused By Nontypeable Haemophilus Influenzae, Ashley Lynne Molinaro
Targeting The Pin Domain Of Type Ii Toxins Is A Novel Approach To Treat Infections Caused By Nontypeable Haemophilus Influenzae, Ashley Lynne Molinaro
Biomedical Sciences Theses & Dissertations
Toxin-antitoxin (TA) gene pairs have been identified in nearly all bacterial genomes sequenced to date and are thought to facilitate persistence and antibiotic tolerance. TA loci are classified into various types based upon the characteristics of their antitoxins, with those in type II expressing proteic antitoxins. Many toxins from type II modules are ribonucleases that maintain a PilT N-terminus (PIN) domain containing conserved amino acids considered essential for activity. The vapBC (virulence associated protein) TA system is the largest subfamily in this class and has been linked to pathogenesis of nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae (NTHi). This dissertation presents three studies investigating …
Effects Of High-Carbohydrate Versus Mixed-Macronutrient Meals On Soccer Physiology And Performance, Jaison Lee Wynne
Effects Of High-Carbohydrate Versus Mixed-Macronutrient Meals On Soccer Physiology And Performance, Jaison Lee Wynne
Human Movement Studies & Special Education Theses & Dissertations
The purpose of the study was to measure the effects of an acute pre-competition high-carbohydrate (HCHO) meal versus a mixed-macronutrient (MM) meal on physiology, perceptual responses, and performance in 15 division I female collegiate soccer players. Being there are conjectural advantages to pre-exercise meals higher in fiber, fat, and protein, this study was conducted to evaluate the physiological and perceptual effects of pre-competition MM meals. This study used a randomized, investigator-blinded, crossover design involving two dietary interventions – HCHO and MM meals – that were consumed four hours prior to two separate intra-squad soccer scrimmages. Assessments included running metrics via …
Tracing Nutrient Sources To Lipid Production In Insects Using Stable Isotope (Δ13c, Δ2h) Tracers: Implications For Nutritional Physiology Of Migratory Species., Libesha Anparasan, Keith A. Hobson
Tracing Nutrient Sources To Lipid Production In Insects Using Stable Isotope (Δ13c, Δ2h) Tracers: Implications For Nutritional Physiology Of Migratory Species., Libesha Anparasan, Keith A. Hobson
Western Research Forum
Using stable isotope measurements of insect tissues to determine origin and migratory patterns is well established. However, isotopically determining nutritional origins of lipids, the primary fuel of migration, has not been as thoroughly researched. We explored isotopic links between diet and stored lipids in laboratory raised True armyworm moths (Mythimna unipuncta) using δ13C and δ2H measurements. Pupae were randomly separated into four groups (n=20) and fed isotopically distinct nectar, each consisting of a combination of high δ13C (C4 sugar), or low δ13C (C3 sugar) carbohydrate, with high δ2H (deuterium spiked), …
Rage And Sage: Therapeutic Modalities For Copd, Paul Reynolds
Rage And Sage: Therapeutic Modalities For Copd, Paul Reynolds
Journal of Undergraduate Research
Funding available through this MEG award has provided an opportunity for me to meet many academic objectives I’ve determined to be important at BYU. We have been successful in conducting pilot studies that reveal possible roles for SAGEs in ameliorating mechanisms of lung inflammation induced by and cigarette smoke (CS). Despite improvement in personal air quality during the past few decades, the rationale for studying mechanisms leading to adverse health effects remains important. This MEG award specifically provided opportunities for students to conduct meaningful research that led to the observation that alveolar epithelial cells and bronchiolar epithelial cells experience elevated …
Regulation Of Trophoblast Invasion By Pyruvate Kinase Isozyme M2 (Pkm2): Preemptive To Pkm2 Activation Decreases Iugr Symptoms In Mice Exposed To Second-Hand Smoke, Juan Mejia, Juan Arroyo, Ph.D.
Regulation Of Trophoblast Invasion By Pyruvate Kinase Isozyme M2 (Pkm2): Preemptive To Pkm2 Activation Decreases Iugr Symptoms In Mice Exposed To Second-Hand Smoke, Juan Mejia, Juan Arroyo, Ph.D.
Journal of Undergraduate Research
The placenta is an organ composed of highly vascular tissue. It plays an essential role in healthy fetal development as a mediator of gases and nutrients between the mother and fetus. Many complications can occur in this stage of fetal development, such as intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) when the placenta’s invasive and vascular roles are inhibited. IUGR is an obstetric complication that affects over 10% of the population causing harmful symptoms to the fetus and mother. Physiologically, in the first trimester, high trophoblast cell invasion occurs, and the spiral arteries dilate to create a low resistance, high capacity vessel capable …
Nrf2 In Protecting Against Valproic Acid-¬‐Induced Oxidative Injury During Cellular Differentiation, Alyssa Palmer, Jason Hansen
Nrf2 In Protecting Against Valproic Acid-¬‐Induced Oxidative Injury During Cellular Differentiation, Alyssa Palmer, Jason Hansen
Journal of Undergraduate Research
The causes of the majority of birth defects remain largely unknown today. However, many chemicals known to cause defects are also known inducers of oxidative stress, resulting in faulty cellular function. This suggests an important link between oxidative stress and normal and abnormal embryonic development [1]. Oxidative stress is a phenomenon caused by an imbalance in the production of reactive molecules derived from oxygen called reactive oxygen species (ROS). Although basal levels of ROS are necessary in order for normal cell function to occur, an overabundance of ROS interact with molecules that they shouldn’t, disrupting vital cellular pathways. This is …
Antenatal Exposure To Secondhand Smoke Impacts Growth And Cardiopulmonary Energetics In 4-Week-Old Mice, Kaleb Egbert, Paul Reynolds
Antenatal Exposure To Secondhand Smoke Impacts Growth And Cardiopulmonary Energetics In 4-Week-Old Mice, Kaleb Egbert, Paul Reynolds
Journal of Undergraduate Research
Secondhand smoke (SHS) is a well-established cause of respiratory illness in infants and children who live in environments where exposure is common. Recent studies have been performed to examine the potential effects of SHS exposure on fetus’s before they are born1. The data collected suggests that antenatal exposure to SHS impacts cardiovascular and respiratory function through childhood and may even have lifelong ramifications, even if the exposure is terminated shortly after birth. In our study, we sought to determine the impact of SHS exposure during development in the womb would have on 4 week-old mice, or the equivalent of an …
Microbiota Composition Trends Among High Risk Asd Individuals, Hyrum Eddington, John M. Chaston
Microbiota Composition Trends Among High Risk Asd Individuals, Hyrum Eddington, John M. Chaston
Journal of Undergraduate Research
Autism Spectrum Disorder is a neurodevelopmental condition which significantly affects an individual’s social behavior and ability to function in daily living. Although there is a genetic component to the disorder, current research suggests that there are other factors that influence the onset of the disease. One of these factors is the gut microbiota of the individual. Because the human microbiome is a complex system that significantly varies from person to person, finding microbial markers indicative of certain disease can be challenging and problematic. Currently, there are no established protocols that can diagnosis an individual with autism on any criteria save …
Serum Apolipoproteins And Apolipopprotein-Defined Lipoprotein Subclasses: A Hypothesis-Generation Prospective Study Of Cardiovascular Events In Type 1 Diabetes, Arpita Basu Phd, Ionut Bebu Phd, Alicia J. Jenkins Md, Julie A. Stoner Phd, Ying Zhang Md; Phd, Richard L. Klein Phd, Maria F. Lopes-Virella Md; Phd, W. Timothy Garvey Md, Matthew J. Budoff Md, Peter Alaupovic Phd, Timothy J. Lyons Md
Serum Apolipoproteins And Apolipopprotein-Defined Lipoprotein Subclasses: A Hypothesis-Generation Prospective Study Of Cardiovascular Events In Type 1 Diabetes, Arpita Basu Phd, Ionut Bebu Phd, Alicia J. Jenkins Md, Julie A. Stoner Phd, Ying Zhang Md; Phd, Richard L. Klein Phd, Maria F. Lopes-Virella Md; Phd, W. Timothy Garvey Md, Matthew J. Budoff Md, Peter Alaupovic Phd, Timothy J. Lyons Md
Kinesiology and Nutrition Sciences Faculty Research
Apolipoproteins and apolipoprotein-defined lipoprotein subclasses have been associated with dyslipidemia and cardiovascular disease (CVD). Our main objective was to define associations of serum apolipoproteins and ADLS with any CVD and major atherosclerotic cardiovascular events (MACE) in a prospective study of T1D. Serum apolipoproteins and ADLS (14 biomarkers in total) were measured in sera (obtained 1997-2000) from a subset (n=465) of the Epidemiology of Diabetes Interventions and Complications (EDIC) cohort. Prospective associations of any CVD (myocardial infarction, stroke, confirmed angina, silent MI, revascularization, or congestive heart failure) and MACE (fatal or nonfatal myocardial infarction or stroke), over 5942 and 6180 patient-years …
Downregulation Of Orco And 5-Htt Alters Nestmate Discrimination In The Subterranean Termite Ondontotermes Formosanus (Shiraki), Pengdong Sun, Shuxin Yu, Austin Merchant, Chaoliang Lei, Xuguo Zhou, Qiuying Huang
Downregulation Of Orco And 5-Htt Alters Nestmate Discrimination In The Subterranean Termite Ondontotermes Formosanus (Shiraki), Pengdong Sun, Shuxin Yu, Austin Merchant, Chaoliang Lei, Xuguo Zhou, Qiuying Huang
Entomology Faculty Publications
Nestmate discrimination allows social insects to recognize nestmates from non-nestmates using colony-specific chemosensory cues, which typically evoke aggressive behavior toward non-nestmates. Functional analysis of genes associated with nestmate discrimination has been primarily focused on inter-colonial discrimination in Hymenopterans, and parallel studies in termites, however, are grossly lacking. To fill this gap, we investigated the role of two genes, Orco and 5-HTT, associated with chemosensation and neurotransmission respectively, in nestmate discrimination in a highly eusocial subterranean termite, Odontotermes formosanus (Shiraki). We hypothesized that knocking down of these genes will compromise the nestmate recognition and lead to the antagonistic behavior. To …