Digital Commons Network^™

Using Experimentally Calibrated Regularized Stokeslets To Assess Bacterial Flagellar Motility Near A Surface, Orrin Shindell, Hoa Nguyen, Nicholas Coltharp, Frank G. Healy, B. Rodenborn

Physics and Astronomy Faculty Research

The presence of a nearby boundary is likely to be important in the life cycle and evolution of motile flagellate bacteria. This has led many authors to employ numerical simulations to model near-surface bacterial motion and compute hydrodynamic boundary effects. A common choice has been the method of images for regularized Stokeslets (MIRS); however, the method requires discretization sizes and regularization parameters that are not specified by any theory. To determine appropriate regularization parameters for given discretization choices in MIRS, we conducted dynamically similar macroscopic experiments and fit the simulations to the data. In the experiments, we measured the torque …

Inferring Vortex And Dust Devil Statistics From Insight, Brian Jackson, Justin Crevier, Michelle Szurgot, Ryan Battin, Clément Perrin, Sébastien Rodriguez

Physics Faculty Publications and Presentations

The InSight mission has operated on the surface of Mars for nearly two Earth years, returning detections of the first marsquakes. The lander also deployed a meteorological instrument package and cameras to monitor local surface activity. These instruments have detected boundary layer phenomena, including small-scale vortices. These vortices register as short-lived, negative pressure excursions and closely resemble those that could generate dust devils. Although our analysis shows that InSight encountered more than 900 vortices and collected more than 1000 images of the Martian surface, no active dust devils were imaged. In spite of the lack of dust devil detections, we …

Phosphine Generation Pathways On Rocky Planets, Arthur Omran, Christopher Oze, Brian Jackson, Chris Mehta, Laura M. Barge, Jeffrey Bada, Matthew A. Pasek

Physics Faculty Publications and Presentations

The possibility of life in the venusian clouds was proposed in the 1960s, and recently this hypothesis has been revived with the potential detection of phosphine (PH₃) in Venus' atmosphere. These observations may have detected ∼5–20 ppb phosphine on Venus (Greaves et al., 2020), which raises questions about venusian atmospheric/geochemical processes and suggests that this phosphine could possibly be generated by biological processes. In such a claim, it is essential to understand the abiotic phosphorus chemistry that may occur under Venus-relevant conditions, particularly those processes that may result in phosphine generation. Here, we discuss two related abiotic …

College Of Natural Sciences Newsletter, October 2021, College Of Natural Sciences

College of Natural Sciences Newsletters and Reports

Volume 2, Issue 10

Page 1 Dean's Message
Page 2 Awards and Recognition; Introducing Natural Sciences Student Ambassadors
Page 3 Media Coverage of CNS
Page 4 Spooky Science Outreach
Page 5 The BIG Event Outreach
Page 6 Geography Club Road Trip
Page 7 Aamlid Family Anatomy Lab
Page 8 Hobo Day Recap
Page 10 Open PRAIRIE Data; Grants Awarded in CNS

Shedding Light On The Coupling Dynamics In Hybrid Nanostructures, Saba Arash

Theses and Dissertations

Here we present all-optical investigations of two hybrid nanostructures. In the first hybrid system, we study Janus-type nanofibers consisting of two hemi-cylinders of ferroelectric barium titanate and ferrimagnetic cobalt ferrite. Using the magnetic field-dependent polarization-resolved second harmonic generation technique, we observe a strong magnetoelectric coupling between the two ferroic constituents at room temperature. Corroborating these results by X-ray diffraction, we can also extract repeatable memory-dependent behaviors in these biphasic nanofibers. In the second hybrid system, we study the interaction between the semiconductor indium/gallium arsenide quantum dots and surface plasmon supporting silver structures in the weak coupling regime. When quantum dots …

Temperature Characterization Of Unipolar-Doped Electroluminescence In Vertical Gan/Aln Heterostructures, Weidong Zhang, Tyler A. Growden, Paul R. Berger, David F. Storm, David J. Meyer, Elliott R. Brown

Physics Faculty Publications

An electroluminescence (EL) phenomenon in unipolar-doped GaN/AlN/GaN double-barrier heterostructures—without any p-type contacts—was investigated from 4.2 K to 300 K. In the range of 200–300 K, the extracted peak photon energies agree with the Monemar formula. In the range of 30 to 200 K, the photon energies are consistent with A-exciton emission. At 4.2 K, the exciton type likely transforms into B-exciton. These studies confirm that the EL emission comes from a cross-bandgap (or band-to-band) electron-hole radiative recombination and is excitonic. The excitons are formed by the holes generated through interband tunneling and the electrons injected into the GaN emitter region …

A Unified Framework Of Deep Learning-Based Facial Expression Recognition System For Diversified Applications, Sanoar Hossain, Saiyed Umer, Vijayan K. Asari, Ranjeet Kumar Rout

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Publications

This work proposes a facial expression recognition system for a diversified field of appli- cations. The purpose of the proposed system is to predict the type of expressions in a human face region. The implementation of the proposed method is fragmented into three components. In the first component, from the given input image, a tree-structured part model has been applied that predicts some landmark points on the input image to detect facial regions. The detected face region was normalized to its fixed size and then down-sampled to its varying sizes such that the advantages, due to the effect of multi-resolution …

Absolute Frequency Measurement Of The Llevel Of Neutral Using Two-Photon Spectroscopy, M. T. Herd, E. C. Cook, William Williams

Physics: Faculty Publications

We report absolute frequency measurements on the level of neutral using sub-Doppler two-photon spectroscopy. The absolute center-of-gravity energy for the level is determined to be , a factor of 170 times improvement over the previous measurement from 1964 of . This measurement also corrects a discrepancy with the previously measured value. The hyperfine coefficients were found to be and , which are consistent with previous results.

Calibration Of Gas Flow Meters Using Choked Flow And An Evacuated Vessel, Max B. Trueblood, Otmar Schmid, Nicholas Altese, Christian J. Hurst, Wenyan Liu, Teresa Gelles, Steven C. Achterberg, Philip D. Whitefield, Donald E. Hagen

Chemistry Faculty Research & Creative Works

The measurement of gas flow rates is of great importance in a wide range of modern technologies. This paper introduces a simple, yet accurate technique for in-house calibration of gas FMs (mass and volumetric) even under harsh environmental conditions such as encountered during field measurement campaigns. The method requires only readily available, low cost components: a vessel of known volume, an air pump, a pressure sensor and a metal plate orifice or a needle valve to act as a CO. The unique property of choked flow in the CO is used here for flow calibration. In the method presented here …

Soliton Based All-Optical Data Processing In Waveguides, Amaria Javed

Dissertations

The growing demand for higher data processing speed and capacity motivates the replacement of the current electronic data processing by optical data processing in analogy with the successful replacement of electronic data communication by optical data communication. In a quest to achieve comprehensive optical data processing we aim at using solitons in waveguide arrays to perform all-optical data processing operations. Solitons are special nonlinear waves appreciated for their ability to conserve their shape and velocity before and after scattering. They are observed naturally in diverse fields of science, namely, nonlinear physics, mathematics, hydrodynamics, biophysics, and quantum field theory, etc. with …

Discovery Of The Ultrahigh-Energy Gamma-Ray Source Lhaaso J2108+5157, Zhen Cao, F. Aharonian, Q. An, Axikegu, L. X. Bai, Y. X. Bai, Y. W. Bao, D. Bastieri, X. J. Bi, Y. J. Bi, H. Cai, J. T. Cai, Zhe Cao, J. Chang, J. F. Chang, B. M. Chen, E. S. Chen, J. Chen, Liang Chen, Long Chen, M. J. Chen, M. L. Chen, Q. H. Chen, S. H. Chen, S. Z. Chen, T. L. Chen, X. L. Chen, Y. Chen, N. Cheng, Y. D. Cheng, S. W. Cui, X. H. Cui, Y. D. Cui, B. D'Ettore Piazzoli, B. Z. Dai, H. L. Dai, Z. G. Dai, Dan-Zeng Dan-Zeng-Luo-Bu, D. Della Volpe, X. J. Dong, K. K. Duan, J. H. Fan, Y. Z. Fan, X. Z. Fan, J. Fang, K. Fang, C. F. Feng, L. Feng, S. H. Feng, Y. L. Feng, B. Gao, C. D. Gao, L. Q. Gao, Q. Gao, W. Gao, M. M. Ge, L. S. Geng, G. H. Gong, Q. B. Gou, M. H. Gu, F. L. Guo, J. G. Guo, X. L. Guo, Y. Q. Guo, Y. Y. Guo, Y. A. Han, H. H. He, H. N. He, J. C. He, S. L. He, X. B. He, Y. He, M. Heller, Y. K. Hor, C. Hou, H. B. Hu, S. Hu, S. C. Hu, X. J. Hu, D. H. Huang, Q. L. Huang, W. H. Huang, X. T. Huang, X. Y. Huang, Z. C. Huang, F. Ji, X. L. Ji, H. Y. Jia, K. Jiang, Z. J. Jiang, C. Jin, T. Ke, D. Kuleshov, K. Levochkin, B. B. Li, Cheng Li, Cong Li, F. Li, H. B. Li, H. C. Li, H. Y. Li, J. Li, K. Li, W. L. Li, X. R. Li, Xin Li, Xin Li, Y. Li, Y. Z. Li, Zhe Li, Zhuo Li, E. W. Liang, Y. F. Liang, S. J. Lin, B. Liu, C. Liu, D. Liu, H. Liu, H. D. Liu, J. Liu, J. L. Liu, J. S. Liu, J. Y. Liu, M. Y. Liu, R. Y. Liu, S. M. Liu, W. Liu, Y. Liu, Y. N. Liu, Z. X. Liu, W. J. Long, R. Lu, H. K. Lv, B. Q. Ma, L. L. Ma, X. H. Ma, J. R. Mao, A. Masood, Z. Min, W. Mitthumsiri, T. Montaruli, Y. C. Nan, B. Y. Pang, P. Pattarakijwanich, Z. Y. Pei, M. Y. Qi, Y. Q. Qi, B. Q. Qiao, J. J. Qin, D. Ruffolo, V. Rulev, A. Saiz, L. Shao, O. Shchegolev, X. D. Sheng, J. Y. Shi, H. C. Song, Yu. V. Stenkin, V. Stepanov, Y. Su, Q. N. Sun, X. N. Sun, Z. B. Sun, P. H. T. Tam, Z. B. Tang, W. W. Tian, B. D. Wang, C. Wang, H. Wang, H. G. Wang, J. C. Wang, J. S. Wang, L. P. Wang, L. Y. Wang, R. N. Wang, W. Wang, W. Wang, X. G. Wang, Xiaojie Wang, X. Y. Wang, Y. Wang, Y. D. Wang, Y. J. Wang, Y. P. Wang, Z. H. Wang, Z. X. Wang, Zhen Wang, Zheng Wang, D. M. Wei, J. J. Wei, Y. J. Wei, T. Wen, C. Y. Wu, H. R. Wu, S. Wu, W. X. Wu, X. F. Wu, S. Q. Xi, J. Xia, J. J. Xia, G. M. Xing, D. X. Xiao, G. Xiao, H. B. Xiao, G. G. Xin, Y. L. Xin, Y. Xing, D. L. Xu, R. X. Xu, L. Xue, D. H. Yan, J. Z. Yan, C. W. Yang, F. F. Yang, J. Y. Yang, L. L. Yang, M. J. Yang, R. Z. Yang, S. B. Yang, Y. H. Yao, Z. G. Yao, Y. M. Ye, L. Q. Yin, N. Yin, X. H. You, Z. Y. You, Y. H. Yu, Q. Yuan, H. D. Zeng, T. X. Zeng, W. Zeng, Z. K. Zeng, M. Zha, X. X. Zhai, B. B. Zhang, H. M. Zhang, H. Y. Zhang, J. L. Zhang, J. W. Zhang, L. X. Zhang, Li. Zhang, Lu Zhang, P. F. Zhang, P. P. Zhang, R. Zhang, S. R. Zhang, S. S. Zhang, X. Zhang, X. P. Zhang, Y. F. Zhang, Y. L. Zhang, Yi Zhang, Yong Zhang, B. Zhao, J. Zhao, L. Zhao, L. Z. Zhao, S. P. Zhao, F. Zheng, Y. Zheng, B. Zhou, H. Zhou, J. N. Zhou, P. Zhou, R. Zhou, X. X. Zhou, C. G. Zhu, F. R. Zhu, H. Zhu, K. J. Zhu, X. Zuo

Physics Faculty Research & Creative Works

We report the discovery of an ultrahigh-energy (UHE) gamma-ray source, LHAASO J2108+5157, by analyzing the LHAASO-KM2A data of 308.33 live days. A significant excess of gamma ray-induced showers is observed in both energy bands of 25-100 and >100 TeV with 9.5σ and 8.5σ, respectively. This source is not significantly favored as an extended source with an angular extension smaller than the point-spread function of KM2A. The measured energy spectrum from 20 to 200 TeV can be approximately described by a power-law function with an index of-2.83 ± 0.18stat. A harder spectrum is demanded at lower energies considering the flux upper …

Magnetic Field Perturbations To A Soft X-Ray-Activated Fe (Ii) Molecular Spin State Transition, Guanhua Hao, Alpha T. N’Diaye, Thilini K. Ekanayaka, Ashley S. Dale, Xuanyuan Jiang, Esha Mishra, Corbyn Mellinger, Saeed Yazdani, John W. Freeland, Jian Zhang, Ruihua Cheng, Xiaoshan Xu, Peter Dowben

Peter Dowben Publications

The X-ray-induced spin crossover transition of an Fe (II) molecular thin film in the presence and absence of a magnetic field has been investigated. The thermal activation energy barrier in the soft X-ray activation of the spin crossover transition for [Fe{H₂B(pz)₂ }₂ (bipy)] molecular thin films is reduced in the presence of an applied magnetic field, as measured through X-ray absorption spectroscopy at various temperatures. The influence of a 1.8 T magnetic field is sufficient to cause deviations from the expected exponential spin state transition behavior which is measured in the field free case. We find …

Ultra-Low Frequency Waves At Middle Latitudes During Substorms: Observations And Modeling, Mergen Alimaganbetov

Doctoral Dissertations and Master's Theses

This doctoral dissertation presents the results of investigation of the Ultra-Low Frequency (ULF) waves at middle latitudes during substorms. The dissertation consists of two major parts, observations and simulations. The research in this dissertation proposes that the main role in the generation of ULF waves at middle latitudes during substorm belongs to the plasmapause.

The first part of the dissertation presents results of the data analysis of 84 intense substorm events as well as an overview of space observation programs such as CRRES, Van Allen Probes and DMSP. Data used in this study are from the ACE satellite taken measurements …

Solar Cell Brdf Measurement And Modeling With Out-Of-Plane Data, Todd V. Small, Samuel D. Butler, Michael A. Marciniak

Faculty Publications

In this work, a CCD-augmented complete angle scatter instrument (CASI) with a visible red laser source was used to measure the BRDF of a commercially available solar cell designed for small satellites, simultaneously capturing both in-plane and out-of-plane data with high angular resolution surrounding the specular direction. The measurements exhibited three distinct scatter features: a central specular peak, an offset specular peak, and a diffraction pattern. The two peaks were caused by different material surfaces with slightly different normal directions, and the diffraction pattern arose from periodically-spaced metal conducting bars running in one direction across the solar cell surface. The …

Reinvigorating A Technical Countering Weapons Of Mass Destruction Distance Learning Graduate Certificate Program, James C. Petrosky, Gaiven Varshney, Jeremy Slagley, Sara Shaghaghi

Faculty Publications

Current Countering Weapons of Mass Destruction (CWMD) demands can be divided broadly into policy and science. The science of chemical, biological, and radiological/nuclear weapons informs the limits of development, production, employment, operation, detection, risk characterization, human and material protection, and medical intervention. In short, the science of weapons of mass destruction (WMD) should precede and inform the development of policy. It is to this end that the Air Force Institute of Technology (AFIT) CWMD program was re-established, providing a technical educational option for practitioners to understand the science behind a very technically challenging subject.

Methodology For Solving The Radiation Problem Proposed By Planck In Physics On The Basis Of The Principle Of Consistency, Raygul Khozhanazarova

Karakalpak Scientific Journal

1. www.quantumphysics.iop.org
2. М. Planck. Verhandl. Dtsch. phys. Ges., 1900, 2, 237-245. М. Planck. Ann. Phys., 1901, 4, 553-563.
3. M. Planck, Zur Theorie des Gesetzes der Energieverteilung im Normalspektrum, ibid., 237-245 (1900)/
4. M. Planck. Uber des Gesetz der Energieverteilung im Normalspektrum, Ann. d.Phys. 4, 553—563 (1901).
5. Maks Plank. 1858-1958: Sb. k stoletiyu so dnya rozhdeniya Maksa Planka / Pod red. A. F. Ioffe i A. T. Grigor'yana. M.: Izd-vo AN SSSR, 1958. 276 p.
6. L. Boltzmann. Populare Schriften. Leipzig 1905, p. 227.
7. M.Plank. Vvedeniye v teoreticheskuyu fiziku. Chast' pyataya. Teoriya teploty. Ob"yedinennoye nauchno-tekhnicheskoye izdatel'stvo NKTP SSSR. Glavnaya redaktsiya obshchetekhnicheskoy literatury i nomografii. …

The Role Of Vimentin–Nuclear Interactions In Persistent Cell Motility Through Confined Spaces, Sarthak Gupta, Alison E. Patteson, J. M. Schwarz

Physics - All Scholarship

The ability of cells to move through small spaces depends on the mechanical properties of the cellular cytoskeleton and on nuclear deformability. In mammalian cells, the cytoskeleton is composed of three interacting, semi-flexible polymer networks: actin, microtubules, and intermediate filaments (IF). Recent experiments of mouse embryonic fibroblasts with and without vimentin have shown that the IF vimentin plays a role in confined cell motility. Here, we develop a minimal model of a cell moving through a microchannel that incorporates explicit effects of actin and vimentin and implicit effects of microtubules. Specifically, the model consists of a cell with an actomyosin …

Deep Underground Neutrino Experiment (Dune) Near Detector Conceptual Design Report, A. Abed Abud, B. Abi, R. Acciarri, M. A. Acero, G. Adamov, D. Adams, M. Adinolfi, A. Aduzskiewicz, Z. Ahmad, J. Ahmed, T. Alion, S. Alonso Monsalve, M. Alrashed, C. Alt, A. Alton, P. Amedo, J. Anderson, C. Andreopoulos, M. P. Andrews, F. Andrianala, Roberto Petti, Et. Al.

Faculty Publications

The Deep Underground Neutrino Experiment (DUNE) is an international, world-class experiment aimed at exploring fundamental questions about the universe that are at the forefront of astrophysics and particle physics research. DUNE will study questions pertaining to the preponderance of matter over antimatter in the early universe, the dynamics of supernovae, the subtleties of neutrino interaction physics, and a number of beyond the Standard Model topics accessible in a powerful neutrino beam. A critical component of the DUNE physics program involves the study of changes in a powerful beam of neutrinos, i.e., neutrino oscillations, as the neutrinos propagate a long distance. …

Comparing Leibniz With Newton, Peter C. Kaemingk

Agora

This essay attempts to analyze the differences between the calculus systems of Newton and Leibniz, mainly regarding the foundations and justifications of their art of calculus.

The Return To Anisotropy Across A Jet In Crossflow, Gregory P. Sakradse

Dissertations and Theses

With data from experiments on a jet of air emitting from an orifice flush with the floor of a wind tunnel providing a transverse flow, analysis is conducted to extract information about the state of anisotropy in the Reynolds stress tensor. Inflow velocities are modulated across two distinct turbulence intensity regimes while holding jet exit conditions constant, providing an opportunity to isolate effects of both jet to crossflow velocity ratio, r and the effects of the turbulence carried by the crossflow. Anisotropy in the Reynolds stress tensor is examined through anisotropy invariant maps and evolution of the function F, …

Giant Transport Anisotropy In Res2 Revealed Via Nanoscale Conducting-Path Control, Dawei Li, Shuo Sun, Jingfeng Song, Ding-Fu Shao, Evgeny Y. Tsymbal, Stephen Ducharme, Xia Hong

Stephen Ducharme Publications

The low in-plane symmetry in layered 1T’-ReS₂ results in strong band anisotropy, while its manifestation in the electronic properties is challenging to resolve due to the lack of effective approaches for controlling the local current path. In this work, we reveal the giant transport anisotropy in monolayer to four-layer ReS2 by creating directional conducting paths via nanoscale ferroelectric control. By reversing the polarization of a ferroelectric polymer top layer, we induce a conductivity switching ratio of >1.5 × 10⁸ in the ReS2 channel at 300 K. Characterizing the domain-defined conducting nanowires in an insulating background shows that the …

Total Organic Carbon And The Contribution From Speciated Organics In Cloud Water: Airborne Data Analysis From The Camp2ex Field Campaign, Connor Stahl, Ewan Crosbie, Paola Angela Bañaga, Grace Betito, Rachel A. Braun, Zenn Marie Cainglet, Maria Obiminda L. Cambaliza, Melliza Templonuevo Cruz, Julie Mae Dado, Miguel Ricardo Hilario, Gabrielle Leung, Alexander B. Macdonald, Angela Monina T. Magnaye, Jeffrey S. Reid, Claire E. Robinson, Michael Shook, James Bernard Simpas, Shane Marie Visaga, Edward Winstead, Luke Ziemba, Armin Sorooshian

Physics Faculty Publications

This work focuses on total organic carbon (TOC) and contributing species in cloud water over Southeast Asia using a rare airborne dataset collected during NASA’s Cloud, Aerosol and Monsoon Processes Philippines Experiment (CAMP2Ex), in which a wide variety of maritime clouds were studied, including cumulus congestus, altocumulus, altostratus, and cumulus. Knowledge of TOC masses and their contributing species is needed for improved modeling of cloud processing of organics and to understand how aerosols and gases impact and are impacted by clouds. This work relies on 159 samples collected with an axial cyclone cloudwater collector at altitudes of 0.2–6.8 km that …

Vermiculations In Painted Caves: New Inputs From Laboratory Experiments And Field Observations, Perrine Freydier, Eric Weber, Jérôme Martin, Pierre-Yves Jeannin, Béatrice Guerrier, Frédéric Doumenc

International Journal of Speleology

Vermiculations are aggregates of small particles commonly found on cave walls. They are a major concern for the conservation of painted caves, as they can potentially alter valuable prehistoric cave paintings. A previous rheological study of fine sediment deposits on cave walls revealed that this material can undergo a solid-to-liquid transition triggered by variations in the chemical composition of the water film on the wall. Such a transition could occur at the origin of vermiculations by allowing the sediment to flow under low mechanical stress. In this work, we provide quantitative information on the conditions leading to this transition and …

Resolved Dwarf Galaxy Searches Within ∼5mpc With The Vera Rubin Observatory And Subaru Hyper Suprime-Cam, Burçin Mutlu-Pakdil, David J. Sand, Denija Crnojević, Alex Drlica-Wagner, Nelson Caldwell, Puragra Guhathakurta, Anil C. Seth, Joshua D. Simon, Jay Strader, Elisa Toloba

Pacific Faculty Work

We present a preview of the faint dwarf galaxy discoveries that will be possible with the Vera C. Rubin Observatory and Subaru Hyper Suprime-Cam in the next decade. In this work, we combine deep ground-based images from the Panoramic Imaging Survey of Centaurus and Sculptor and extensive image simulations to investigate the recovery of faint, resolved dwarf galaxies in the Local Volume with a matched-filter technique. We adopt three fiducial distances (1.5, 3.5, and 5 Mpc) and quantitatively evaluate the effects on dwarf detection of varied stellar backgrounds, ellipticity, and Milky Way foreground contamination and extinction. We show that our …

Calibration Of The Air Shower Energy Scale Of The Water And Air Cherenkov Techniques In The Lhaaso Experiment, F. Aharonian, Q. An, Axikegu, L. X. Bai, Y. X. Bai, Y. W. Bao, D. Bastieri, X. J. Bi, Y. J. Bi, H. Cai, J. T. Cai, Zhen Cao, Zhe Cao, J. Chang, J. F. Chang, B. M. Chen, E. S. Chen, J. Chen, Liang Chen, Liang Chen, Long Chen, M. J. Chen, M. L. Chen, Q. H. Chen, S. H. Chen, S. Z. Chen, T. L. Chen, X. L. Chen, Y. Chen, N. Cheng, Y. D. Cheng, S. W. Cui, X. H. Cui, Y. D. Cui, B. Z. Dai, H. L. Dai, Z. G. Dai, Danzen Gluobu, D. Della Volpe, B. D'Ettorre Piazzoli, X. J. Dong, K. K. Duan, J. H. Fan, Y. Z. Fan, Z. X. Fan, J. Fang, K. Fang, C. F. Feng, L. Feng, S. H. Feng, Y. L. Feng, B. Gao, C. D. Gao, L. Q. Gao, Q. Gao, W. Gao, M. M. Ge, L. S. Geng, G. H. Gong, Q. B. Gou, M. H. Gu, F. L. Guo, J. G. Guo, X. L. Guo, Y. Q. Guo, Y. Y. Guo, Y. A. Han, H. H. He, H. N. He, J. C. He, S. L. He, X. B. He, Y. He, M. Heller, Y. K. Hor, C. Hou, H. B. Hu, S. Hu, S. C. Hu, X. J. Hu, D. H. Huang, Q. L. Huang, W. H. Huang, X. T. Huang, X. Y. Huang, Z. C. Huang, F. Ji, X. L. Ji, H. Y. Jia, K. Jiang, Z. J. Jiang, C. Jin, T. Ke, D. Kuleshov, K. Levochkin, B. B. Li, Cong Li, Cheng Li, F. Li, H. B. Li, H. C. Li, H. Y. Li, J. Li, K. Li, W. L. Li, Xin Li, Xin Li, X. R. Li, Y. Li, Y. Z. Li, Zhe Li, Zhuo Li, E. W. Liang, Y. F. Liang, S. J. Lin, B. Liu, C. Liu, D. Liu, H. Liu, H. D. Liu, J. Liu, J. L. Liu, J. S. Liu, J. Y. Liu, M. Y. Liu, R. Y. Liu, S. M. Liu, W. Liu, Y. Liu, Y. N. Liu, Z. X. Liu, W. J. Long, R. Lu, H. K. Lv, B. Q. Ma, L. L. Ma, X. H. Ma, J. R. Mao, A. Masood, Z. Min, W. Mitthumsiri, T. Montaruli, Y. C. Nan, B. Y. Pang, P. Pattarakijwanich, Z. Y. Pei, M. Y. Qi, Y. Q. Qi, B. Q. Qiao, J. J. Qin, D. Ruffolo, V. Rulev, A. Saiz, L. Shao, O. Shchegolev, X. D. Sheng, J. Y. Shi, H. C. Song, Yu. V. Stenkin, V. Stepanov, Y. Su, Q. N. Sun, X. N. Sun, Z. B. Sun, P. H. T. Tam, Z. B. Tang, W. W. Tian, B. D. Wang, C. Wang, H. Wang, H. G. Wang, J. C. Wang, J. S. Wang, L. P. Wang, L. Y. Wang, R. N. Wang, W. Wang, X. G. Wang, Xiaojie Wang, X. Y. Wang, Y. Wang, Y. D. Wang, Y. J. Wang, Y. P. Wang, Z. H. Wang, Z. X. Wang, Zhen Wang, Zheng Wang, D. M. Wei, J. J. Wei, Y. J. Wei, T. Wen, C. Y. Wu, H. R. Wu, S. Wu, W. X. Wu, X. F. Wu, S. Q. Xi, J. Xia, J. J. Xia, G. M. Xiang, D. X. Xiao, G. Xiao, H. B. Xiao, G. G. Xin, Y. L. Xin, Y. Xing, D. L. Xu, R. X. Xu, L. Xue, D. H. Yan, J. Z. Yan, C. W. Yang, F. F. Yang, J. Y. Yang, L. L. Yang, M. J. Yang, R. Z. Yang, S. B. Yang, Y. H. Yao, Z. G. Yao, Y. M. Ye, L. Q. Yin, N. Yin, X. H. You, Y. H. Yu, Q. Yuan, H. D. Zeng, T. X. Zeng, W. Zeng, Z. K. Zeng, M. Zha, X. X. Zhai, B. B. Zhang, H. M. Zhang, H. Y. Zhang, J. L. Zhang, J. W. Zhang, Lu Zhang, Li Zhang, L. X. Zhang, P. F. Zhang, R. Zhang, S. R. Zhang, S. S. Zhang, X. Zhang, X. P. Zhang, Y. F. Zhang, Y. L. Zhang, Yong Zhang, Yi Zhang, B. Zhao, J. Zhao, L. Zhao, L. Z. Zhao, S. P. Zhao, F. Zheng, Y. Zheng, B. Zhou, H. Zhou, J. N. Zhou, P. Zhou, R. Zhou, X. X. Zhou, C. G. Zhu, F. R. Zhu, H. Zhu, K. J. Zhu, X. Zuo

Physics Faculty Research & Creative Works

The Wide Field-of-View Cherenkov Telescope Array (WFCTA) and the Water Cherenkov Detector Array (WCDA) of LHAASO are designed to work in combination for measuring the energy spectra of the cosmic ray species over a very wide energy range from a few TeV to 10 PeV. The energy calibration can be achieved with a proven technique of measuring the westward shift of the Moon shadow cast by galactic cosmic rays due to the geomagnetic field. This deflection angle Δ is inversely proportional to the cosmic ray rigidity. The precise measurement of the shifts by WCDA allows us to calibrate its energy …

Loren Haarsma - When Did Sin Begin?, Loren Haarsma

University Faculty Publications and Creative Works

Patrick Hamilton speaks to Calvin University Professor, Loren Haarsma, about the origins of sin and various ways to make sense of the doctrine of original sin in light of evolutionary origins. Other topics of conversation include psychology, free will and the theology of Saint Augustine.

A History Of Physics At Otterbein University, David G. Robertson

Faculty Books

This is an informal history of the Physics Department at Otterbein, including the story of the natural sciences prior to the founding of the department in 1908.

Ligo’S Quantum Response To Squeezed States, L. Mcculler, S. E. Dwyer, A. C. Green, Haocun Yu, K. Kuns, L. Barsotti, C. D. Blair, D. D. Brown, A. Effler, Karla E. Ramirez

Physics & Astronomy Faculty Publications

Gravitational wave interferometers achieve their profound sensitivity by combining a Michelson interferometer with optical cavities, suspended masses, and now, squeezed quantum states of light. These states modify the measurement process of the LIGO, VIRGO and GEO600 interferometers to reduce the quantum noise that masks astrophysical signals; thus, improvements to squeezing are essential to further expand our gravitational view of the Universe. Further reducing quantum noise will require both lowering decoherence from losses as well more sophisticated manipulations to counter the quantum back-action from radiation pressure. Both tasks require fully understanding the physical interactions between squeezed light and the many components …

The Measure Aspect Of Quantum Uncertainty, Of Entanglement, And The Associated Entropies, Ivan Horváth

Physics and Astronomy Faculty Publications

Indeterminacy associated with the probing of a quantum state is commonly expressed through spectral distances (metric) featured in the outcomes of repeated experiments. Here, we express it as an effective amount (measure) of distinct outcomes instead. The resulting μ-uncertainties are described by the effective number theory whose central result, the existence of a minimal amount, leads to a well-defined notion of intrinsic irremovable uncertainty. We derive μ-uncertainty formulas for arbitrary set of commuting operators, including the cases with continuous spectra. The associated entropy-like characteristics, the μ-entropies, convey how many degrees of freedom are effectively involved in a given …

Stimulating Photodiode Characteristics Of Hybrid Znpc-Mwcnts, Mohamed Morsy

Nanotechnology Research Centre

The ability to functionalize multi-wall carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) with organic semiconductors is a promising methodology to promote their use in multiple optoelectronic applications, especially at the visible region of the optical spectra. In this article, we investigate the structural, optical, and electrical properties of chemically synthesized MWCNTs hybridized with zinc phthalocyanine (ZnPc) molecules. Interestingly, the hybrid ZnPc-MWCNTs optical bandgap shifts towards the visible light at 2.6 eV instead of the near-infrared bandgap of the pristine sample at 1.2 eV. Besides, the ZnPc-MWCNTs hybrid exhibits enhanced p-n heterojunction photodiode characteristics that are signifcantly improved with temperature increase. Moreover, the I-V curves …