Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®

Digital Commons Network™

Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®

Physics

Institution
Keyword
Publication Year
Publication
Publication Type
File Type

Articles 5521 - 5550 of 34246

Full-Text Articles in Entire DC Network

What Happens When Transition Metal Trichalcogenides Are Interfaced With Gold?, Archit Dhingra, Dmitri E. Nikonov, Alexey Lipatov, Alexander Sinitskii, Peter Dowben Jan 2022

What Happens When Transition Metal Trichalcogenides Are Interfaced With Gold?, Archit Dhingra, Dmitri E. Nikonov, Alexey Lipatov, Alexander Sinitskii, Peter Dowben

Peter Dowben Publications

Transition metal trichalcogenides (TMTs) are two-dimensional (2D) systems with quasi-one-dimensional (quasi-1D) chains. These 2D materials are less susceptible to undesirable edge defects, which enhances their promise for low-dimensional optical and electronic device applications. However, so far, the performance of 2D devices based on TMTs has been hampered by contact-related issues. Therefore, in this review, a diligent effort has been made to both elucidate and summarize the interfacial interactions between gold and various TMTs, namely, In4Se3, TiS3, ZrS3, HfS3, and HfSe3. X-ray photoemission spectroscopy data, supported by the results …


Direct Observation Of Ferroelectric Switching In Two-Dimensional Mos2, A. Lipatov, P. Chaudhary, Z. Guan, H. Lu, G. Li, O. Crégut, K. D. Dorkenoo, R. Proksch, Ding-Fu Shao, Evgeny Y. Tsymbal, J. Íñiguez, A. Sinitskii, Alexei Gruverman Jan 2022

Direct Observation Of Ferroelectric Switching In Two-Dimensional Mos2, A. Lipatov, P. Chaudhary, Z. Guan, H. Lu, G. Li, O. Crégut, K. D. Dorkenoo, R. Proksch, Ding-Fu Shao, Evgeny Y. Tsymbal, J. Íñiguez, A. Sinitskii, Alexei Gruverman

Evgeny Tsymbal Publications

No abstract provided.


Multi-Modality Automatic Lung Tumor Segmentation Method Using Deep Learning And Radiomics, Siqiu Wang Jan 2022

Multi-Modality Automatic Lung Tumor Segmentation Method Using Deep Learning And Radiomics, Siqiu Wang

Theses and Dissertations

Delineation of the tumor volume is the initial and fundamental step in the radiotherapy planning process. The current clinical practice of manual delineation is time-consuming and suffers from observer variability. This work seeks to develop an effective automatic framework to produce clinically usable lung tumor segmentations. First, to facilitate the development and validation of our methodology, an expansive database of planning CTs, diagnostic PETs, and manual tumor segmentations was curated, and an image registration and preprocessing pipeline was established. Then a deep learning neural network was constructed and optimized to utilize dual-modality PET and CT images for lung tumor segmentation. …


Development Of Novel Intracavitary Intensity Modulated Brachytherapy Applicators For Optimizing The Target Coverage In Gynecologic Malignancies, Monte Carlo Simulation Dosimetry, Moeen Meftahi Jan 2022

Development Of Novel Intracavitary Intensity Modulated Brachytherapy Applicators For Optimizing The Target Coverage In Gynecologic Malignancies, Monte Carlo Simulation Dosimetry, Moeen Meftahi

Theses and Dissertations

Gynecologic brachytherapy (GYN-BT) is essential for treating cervical and endometrial cancers, the most prevalent female reproductive cancers. This technique enables high radiation doses to a target with rapid dose fall-off to protect adjacent healthy organs. This dissertation aims to address some of the limitations of intracavitary GYN-BT using an intensity modulated brachytherapy (IMBT) technique and Monte Carlo (MC) simulations.

First, a novel non-invasive shielded vaginal cylinder (VC) applicator was designed to provide optimized radiation coverage for the target volume at vaginal apex, site of most recurrences without BT, for endometrial cancer BT. Physical limitations of current applicators and their resulting …


Ring Bose–Einstein Condensate Atomtronic Rotation Sensor, Oluwatobi I. Adeniji Jan 2022

Ring Bose–Einstein Condensate Atomtronic Rotation Sensor, Oluwatobi I. Adeniji

College of Graduate Studies: Theses & Dissertations

We propose a design for an atomtronic rotation sensor consisting of an array of Bose– Einstein condensates (BECs) confined in a double–target–array potential. The purpose of the sensor is to measure the rotation speed, ΩR, of the sensor’s rest frame with respect to the “fixed stars.” The atomtronic system consists of an ultracold gas of sodium atoms compressed, using laser light, into a thin horizontal sheet and subjected to a double–target– array potential within the horizontal plane. A “target” BEC consists of a disk–shaped condensate surrounded by a concentric ring–shaped condensate. A “double–target” BEC is two adjacent target …


Computational Framework Of Magnetized Mgo–Ni/Water-Based Stagnation Nanoflow Past An Elastic Stretching Surface: Application In Solar Energy Coatings, M, M. Bhatti, O. A. Bég, Sara Abdelsalam Jan 2022

Computational Framework Of Magnetized Mgo–Ni/Water-Based Stagnation Nanoflow Past An Elastic Stretching Surface: Application In Solar Energy Coatings, M, M. Bhatti, O. A. Bég, Sara Abdelsalam

Basic Science Engineering

In this article, motivated by novel nanofluid solar energy coating systems, a mathematical model of hybrid magnesium oxide (MgO) and nickel (Ni) nanofluid magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) stagnation point flow impinging on a porous elastic stretching surface in a porous medium is developed. The hybrid nanofluid is electrically conducted, and a magnetic Reynolds number is sufficiently large enough to invoke an induced magnetic field. A Darcy model is adopted for the isotropic, homogenous porous medium. The boundary conditions account for the impacts of the velocity slip and thermal slip. Heat generation (source)/absorption (sink) and also viscous dissipation effects are included. The mathematical …


Nonlinear Light - Matter Interactions Of Ultrafast High Intensity Laser Pulses, Henry Meyer Jan 2022

Nonlinear Light - Matter Interactions Of Ultrafast High Intensity Laser Pulses, Henry Meyer

Dissertations and Theses

This thesis focuses on the key nonlinear optical effects that arise from the interactions of intense ultrafast laser pulses with various states of matter. These interactions involve electronic and molecular states and yield new information on the underlying fundamental processes that govern the molecular world. Modern day lasers offer ultrashort pulses, high intensities, and complex polarizations and wavefronts. These extreme conditions have profound effect on the optical properties and behaviors of electronic and molecular states within a material. The changes in these mechanisms effect generation of nonlinear optics, such supercontinuum (SC), stimulated Raman (SRS), self-focusing and filamentation, conical emission (CE), …


Parallels Of Quantum Mechanics And Mahāyāna Buddhist Philosophy: An Argument For Relational Quantum Mechanics, Axel I. Palapa Jan 2022

Parallels Of Quantum Mechanics And Mahāyāna Buddhist Philosophy: An Argument For Relational Quantum Mechanics, Axel I. Palapa

CMC Senior Theses

Western orthodoxy philosophy is based on the principle of noncontradiction and thus, the philosophy of science is as well. The most prominent interpretations of quantum mechanics, since its inception, have followed this principle. In this paper, two quantum phenomena, the Observer Problem (measurement problem) and quantum entanglement will be analyzed from a Mahayana Buddhism ontological perspective. I will analyze the mathematical and philosophical arguments proposed by Graham Priest and Jay Garfield, based on dialethism, pertaining to Nagarjuna and the Net of Indra. Demonstrating the parallels and adaptability of the arguments to further the philosophical groundwork for Carlo Reveille’s Relational Quantum …


Periodic Trends In The Infrared And Optical Absorption Spectra Of Metal Chalcogenide Clusters, Alain Ward Jan 2022

Periodic Trends In The Infrared And Optical Absorption Spectra Of Metal Chalcogenide Clusters, Alain Ward

Theses and Dissertations

We have investigated the Optical absorption, Infrared spectra, Binding Energies, and various other cluster properties to determine the existence of periodic trend for Transition Metal Chalcogenide Clusters ligated with CO ligands. We were motivated to answer the question of whether periodic behavior can be observed in properties of octahedral metal-chalcogenide clusters. We have used the Amsterdam Density Functional code to calculate the electronic structure of Transition Metal Chalcogenide Clusters using gradient-corrected density functional theory. We determined the existence of several periodic trends in properties of octahedral Transition Metal Chalcogenide Clusters TM6Se8(CO)6. To investigate these …


Direction Modulated Brachytherapy For The Treatment Of Cervical Cancer, Dylan Richeson Jan 2022

Direction Modulated Brachytherapy For The Treatment Of Cervical Cancer, Dylan Richeson

Theses and Dissertations

Purpose: To evaluate and compare the performance of 9 experimental DMBT tandem models of varying physical dimensions in relation to 24 previously planned HDR cervical cancer treatment plans from multiple institutions that used conventional tandem and rings or ovoid applicators.

Methods and Materials: The DMBT tandem is designed to be used concurrently with IGABT and is made from an MRI-compatible tungsten-alloy rod with 6 channels grooved out of its periphery. 9 experimental DMBT tandem prototypes were provided. Each of the models was of equal lengths but varied in thickness, channel diameter size, and circle channel diameter size. Replanning …


การศึกษาความไวต่ออุณหภูมิของเสียงสะท้อนจากหูชั้นในแบบเกิดขึ้นได้เองโดยใช้แบบจำลองทางคณิตศาสตร์ของการเคลื่อนไหวของเซลล์ขน, กิตติศักดิ์ สว่างวารีสกุล Jan 2022

การศึกษาความไวต่ออุณหภูมิของเสียงสะท้อนจากหูชั้นในแบบเกิดขึ้นได้เองโดยใช้แบบจำลองทางคณิตศาสตร์ของการเคลื่อนไหวของเซลล์ขน, กิตติศักดิ์ สว่างวารีสกุล

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

หูชั้นในของสัตว์มีกระดูกสันหลังไม่เพียงแต่ทำหน้าที่รับเสียงแต่ยังสามารถสร้างเสียงสะท้อนเมื่อไม่มีเสียงกระตุ้นจากภายนอก เรียกว่าเสียงสะท้อนจากหูชั้นในแบบเกิดขึ้นเองหรือเสียงเอสโอเออี (Spontaneous otoacoustic emissions, SOAEs) ผลการทดลองวัดเสียงเอสโอเออีในกบและสัตว์จำพวกกิ้งก่าพบว่าความถี่ของเสียงเอสโอเออีมีค่าสูงขึ้นแบบเชิงเส้นกับอุณหภูมิร่างกาย นอกจากนี้ขนาดของการเปลี่ยนแปลงความถี่ยังขึ้นอยู่กับความถี่เริ่มต้นของเสียงเอสโอเออีแบบเอ็กซ์โปเนนเชียล เสียงเอสโอเออีอาจเกิดจากเซลล์ขน (Hair cell) หรือเซลล์รับเสียงภายในหูชั้นใน ที่มัดขน (Hair bundle) สามารถสั่นได้เองแม้ไม่มีแรงกระตุ้นจากภายนอก ในงานวิจัยนี้ได้ศึกษาผลกระทบของการเปลี่ยนแปลงอุณหภูมิต่อของการสั่นได้เองของมัดขน โดยใช้แบบจำลองเกทติงสปริงซึ่งเป็นแบบจำลองทางคณิตศาสตร์ที่อธิบายมัดขนเป็นระบบสองสถานะ (Two-state system) ผลการวิจัยพบว่าการเปลี่ยนแปลงอุณหภูมิและค่าคงที่สปริงของเกทติงสปริงส่งผลต่อแอมพลิจูดและความถี่ของการสั่นของมัดขนผ่านการเปลี่ยนแปลงรูปร่างของแผนภาพพลังงานของช่องไอออน นอกจากนี้ผลจากการจำลองเชิงตัวเลขและจากผลเฉลยเชิงวิเคราะห์แสดงให้เห็นว่ามีผลต่างพลังงานภายในที่เหมาะสมซึ่งแสดงความถี่ของการสั่นและความไวต่อการเปลี่ยนแปลงอุณหภูมิสูงสุด และเมื่อกำหนดให้ค่าคงที่สปริงของเกทติงสปริงมีค่าขึ้นกับอุณหภูมิ พบว่าความไวต่อการเปลี่ยนแปลงอุณหภูมิมีค่าสูงขึ้น สุดท้ายนี้ความไวต่อการเปลี่ยนแปลงอุณหภูมิจากแบบจำลองให้ผลสอดคล้องกับผลที่ได้จากการทดลอง งานวิจัยนี้ได้ให้หลักฐานเพิ่มเติมว่าเสียงเอสโอเออีเกี่ยวข้องกับกระบวนการสั่นได้เองของมัดขน


การศึกษาปัจจัยที่ส่งผลต่อสมบัติของยางแผ่นรมควันเกรดพรีเมียม, สายสุณี จิตกล้า Jan 2022

การศึกษาปัจจัยที่ส่งผลต่อสมบัติของยางแผ่นรมควันเกรดพรีเมียม, สายสุณี จิตกล้า

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

ถึงแม้ว่าสมบัติเชิงกลของยางแผ่นรมควันจะเหนือกว่ายางแห้งชนิดอื่นก็ตาม แต่ความไม่สม่ำเสมอในคุณภาพของยางส่งผลให้ปริมาณการใช้งานยางแผ่นรมควันในอุตสาหกรรมล้อยางลดลงอย่างต่อเนื่อง ปัจจุบันการยางแห่งประเทศไทยได้กำหนดมาตรฐานการผลิตยางแผ่นรมควันขึ้นเพื่อควบคุมและให้ได้ยางแผ่นรมควันที่มีสมบัติต่าง ๆ คงที่ ซึ่งยางที่ได้จะเรียกว่า “ยางแผ่นรมควันเกรดพรีเมียม” หรือ “ยางแผ่นรมควันเกรด P” เพื่อให้เข้าใจถึงสาเหตุที่ส่งผลให้สมบัติต่าง ๆ ของยางแผ่นรมควันแปรปรวนดียิ่งขึ้น งานวิจัยนี้ได้ศึกษาถึงอิทธิพลด้านภาวะการผลิต ช่วงฤดูกาลกรีดยาง รวมไปถึงพิ้นที่ปลูกยางต่อสมบัติทั้งทางกายภาพและเชิงกลของยางแผ่นรมควัน ผลการทดลองที่ได้พบว่า เมื่อใช้น้ำยางที่มีปริมาณเนื้อยางแห้งแตกต่างกันและใช้ความเข้มข้นกรดฟอร์มิกในการจับตัวเนื้อยางแตกต่างกัน สมบัติของยางแผ่นรมควันจะแตกต่างกันไป โดยพบว่าเมื่อปริมาณเนื้อยางแห้งและความเข้มข้นกรดฟอร์มิกเพิ่มขึ้นส่งผลให้ค่าสิ่งระเหยในยางแผ่นรมควันเพิ่มขึ้น เนื่องจากก้อนยางที่ได้จากการจับตัวของเนื้อยางด้วยกรดค่อนข้างแข็ง ทำให้เมื่อนำไปรีดเป็นแผ่นบางทำได้ยาก น้ำในเนื้อยางจึงระเหยออกมาได้ไม่ดี เมื่อเพิ่มปริมาณเนื้อยางแห้งจะทำให้ค่า PO, PRI และความหนืดมูนีเพิ่มขึ้น การแปรปริมาณเนื้อยางแห้งในน้ำยางจาก 20% (ภาวะใช้ในการผลิตยางแผ่นรมควันพรีเมียม) เป็น 18, 20 และ 25% โดยน้ำหนัก ส่งผลให้ความทนต่อแรงดึงของยางแตกต่างกันมากที่สุดอยู่ที่ 2.1 MPa การเพิ่มความเข้มข้นกรดฟอร์มิกจะส่งผลทำให้ค่า PO, PRI และความหนืดมูนีลดลง การแปรความเข้มข้นกรดฟอร์มิกจาก 4% (ภาวะที่ใช้ในการผลิตยางแผ่นรมควันเกรดพรีเมียม) เป็น 2, 3, 5, 8 และ 10% โดยปริมาตร ส่งผลให้ความทนต่อแรงดึงของยางแตกต่างกันมากที่สุดอยู่ที่ 3.2 MPa เมื่อพิจารณาฤดูกาลกรีดยางแตกต่างกัน น้ำยางที่ได้จากช่วงการผลัดใบของต้นยางจะมีปริมาณเนื้อยางแห้งในน้ำยางลดลง และปริมาณธาตุต่างๆ ในยางเพิ่มขึ้น ซึ่งจะส่งผลต่อค่าเถ้าและไนโตรเจนในยางแผ่นรมควันแตกต่างกัน ค่าความหนืดมูนีของยางแผ่นรมควันขึ้นอยู่กับช่วงฤดูกาลกรีดยางค่อนข้างชัดเจน โดยยางแผ่นรมควันที่เตรียมจากน้ำยางที่ได้จากการกรีดในช่วงกรีดปกติจะมีความหนืดมูนีที่สูงกว่ายางแผ่นรมควันที่เตรียมจากน้ำยางที่ได้จากการกรีดในช่วงก่อนปิดกรีด ยางแผ่นรมควันที่ได้จากภาคตะวันออกเฉียงเหนือมีปริมาณเถ้ามากกว่าที่ได้จากภาคใต้ ซึ่งปริมาณเถ้าเกิดจากปริมาณสารและแร่ธาตุต่าง ๆ ในดินที่ไม่เหมือนกัน อย่างไรก็ตาม ยางที่ได้จากทั้งสองบริเวณที่มีค่า PO , PRI และ ความหนืดมูนี ไม่ได้แตกต่างกันอย่างเห็นได้ชัด


Effect Of Duration Of 120 °C Baking On The Performance On Superconducting Radio Frequency Niobium Cavities, B. D. Khanal, P. Dhakal Jan 2022

Effect Of Duration Of 120 °C Baking On The Performance On Superconducting Radio Frequency Niobium Cavities, B. D. Khanal, P. Dhakal

Physics Faculty Publications

Over the last decade much attention was given in increasing the quality factor of superconducting radio frequency (SRF) cavities by impurity doping. Prior to the era of doping, the final cavity processing technique to achieve the high accelerating gradient includes the "in situ" low temperature baking of SRF cavities at temperature ~ 120 °C for several hours. Here, we present the results of a series of measurements on 1.3 GHz TESLA shape single-cell cavities with successive low temperature baking at 120 °C up to 96 hours. The experimental data were analyzed with available theory of superconductivity to elucidate the effect …


Question 1: Dinosaur Killer Crater; Question 2: Graduation Speeches, Larry Weinstein Jan 2022

Question 1: Dinosaur Killer Crater; Question 2: Graduation Speeches, Larry Weinstein

Physics Faculty Publications

The Fermi Questions: In 2003, the "Dinosaur Killer" asteroid crater was imaged for the first time (see National Geographic News, March 7, 2003). The crater is believed to be 100 km in radius and 1 km deep. What was the kinetic energy of the asteroid that made the crater? Express your answer in joules and in megatons (1 MT = 4 ·10 J).


Question 1: Space Telescope; Question 2: Jwst2, Larry Weinstein Jan 2022

Question 1: Space Telescope; Question 2: Jwst2, Larry Weinstein

Physics Faculty Publications

[Introduction] Space telescope

Question 1: If the James Webb Space Telescope could be turned to face Earth, how small an object could it resolve? How does that compare to the Hubble Space Telescope? ...

Question 2: How much heat from Earth is blocked by the Sun and Earth shade of the James Webb Space Telescope? ...

Question: While I was at a Norfolk Tides baseball game, a foul ball landed in the section above me and showered some of my friends with beer. What is the probability of a foul ball landing directly in a cup of beer during one …


Parton Distribution Function For Topological Charge At One Loop, Anatoly Radyushkin, Shuai Zhao Jan 2022

Parton Distribution Function For Topological Charge At One Loop, Anatoly Radyushkin, Shuai Zhao

Physics Faculty Publications

We present results for the gg-part of the one-loop corrections to the recently introduced “topological charge” GPD ~F(x, q2). In particular, we give expression for its evolution kernel. To enforce strict compliance with the gauge invariance requirements, we have used on-shell states for external gluons, and have obtained identical results both in Feynman and light-cone gauges. No “zero mode” δ(x) terms were found for the twist-4 gluon GPD ~F(x, q2).


Beam-Spin Asymmetry Σ For Σ⁻ Hyperon Photoproduction Off The Neutron, N. Zachariou, E. Munevar, B. L. Berman, P. Bydžovský, A. Cieplý, G. Feldman, Y. Ilieva, P. Nadel-Turonski, D. Skoupil, A. V. Sarantsev, D. P. Watts B, M. J. Amaryan, G. Angelini, W. R. Armstrong, H. Atac, H. Avakian, L. Barion, M. Bashkanov, M. Battaglieri, I. Bedlinskiy, Et Al. Jan 2022

Beam-Spin Asymmetry Σ For Σ⁻ Hyperon Photoproduction Off The Neutron, N. Zachariou, E. Munevar, B. L. Berman, P. Bydžovský, A. Cieplý, G. Feldman, Y. Ilieva, P. Nadel-Turonski, D. Skoupil, A. V. Sarantsev, D. P. Watts B, M. J. Amaryan, G. Angelini, W. R. Armstrong, H. Atac, H. Avakian, L. Barion, M. Bashkanov, M. Battaglieri, I. Bedlinskiy, Et Al.

Physics Faculty Publications

We report a new measurement of the beam-spin asymmetry, Σ, for the →𝛾n → K+Σ− reaction using quasi-free neutrons in a liquid-deuterium target. The new dataset includes data at previously unmeasured photon energy and angular ranges, thereby providing new constraints on partial wave analyses used to extract properties of the excited nucleon states. The experimental data were obtained using the CEBAF Large Acceptance Spectrometer (CLAS), housed in Hall B of the Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility (JLab). The CLAS detector measured reaction products from a liquid-deuterium target produced by an energy-tagged, linearly polarised photon beam with …


Emittance In Nonlinear Thomson Scattering, Erik Johnson, Elizabeth Breen, Geoffrey A. Krafft, Balša Terzić Jan 2022

Emittance In Nonlinear Thomson Scattering, Erik Johnson, Elizabeth Breen, Geoffrey A. Krafft, Balša Terzić

Physics Faculty Publications

Inverse Compton scattering sources are finding increasing use as intense sources of high-energy photons. When operated at high field strength, ponderomotive detuning of the scattered emission can lead to decreased source performance. Up to now, the calculations of spectra for such nonlinear Thomson scattering have been done assuming a perfectly aligned electron interacts with the incident laser beam and several authors have investigated whether pondermotive detuning may be mitigated or cured by suitable incident laser chirping prescriptions. In order to determine if these chirping prescriptions are suitable in real beams with nonzero emittance, it is necessary to include misaligned boundary …


Reply To "Comment On 'Quasielastic Lepton Scattering And B=Back-To-Back Nucleons In The Short-Time Approximation' ", S. Pastore, J. Carlson, Rocco Schiavilla, J. L. Barrow, S. Gandolfi, R. B. Wiringa Jan 2022

Reply To "Comment On 'Quasielastic Lepton Scattering And B=Back-To-Back Nucleons In The Short-Time Approximation' ", S. Pastore, J. Carlson, Rocco Schiavilla, J. L. Barrow, S. Gandolfi, R. B. Wiringa

Physics Faculty Publications

We briefly review the concept of scaling and how it occurs in quasielastic electron and neutrino scattering from nuclei, and then the particular approach to scaling in the short-time approximation. We show that, whereas two-nucleon currents do significantly enhance the transverse electromagnetic response, they do not spoil scaling, but, in fact, enhance it. We provide scaling results obtained in the short-time approximation that verify this claim. The enhanced scaling, although obtained empirically, is not “accidental”—as claimed in [O. Benhar, Phys. Rev. C 105, 049801 (2022)]—but rather reflects quasielastic kinematics and the dominant role played by pion-exchange interactions and currents …


Deeply Virtual Compton Scattering Cross Section At High Bjorken 𝓍B, F. Georges, M.N.H. Rashad, A. Stefanko, J. Zhang, Y. Zhao, P. Zhu, Et Al. Jan 2022

Deeply Virtual Compton Scattering Cross Section At High Bjorken 𝓍B, F. Georges, M.N.H. Rashad, A. Stefanko, J. Zhang, Y. Zhao, P. Zhu, Et Al.

Physics Faculty Publications

We report high-precision measurements of the deeply virtual Compton scattering (DVCS) cross section at high values of the Bjorken variable 𝓍B. DVCS is sensitive to the generalized parton distributions of the nucleon, which provide a three-dimensional description of its internal constituents. Using the exact analytic expression of the DVCS cross section for all possible polarization states of the initial and final electron and nucleon, and final state photon, we present the first experimental extraction of all four helicity-conserving Compton form factors (CFFs) of the nucleon as a function of 𝓍B, while systematically including helicity flip amplitudes. …


Rapidity Evolution Of Tmds With Running Coupling, Ian Balitsky, Giovanni A. Chirilli Jan 2022

Rapidity Evolution Of Tmds With Running Coupling, Ian Balitsky, Giovanni A. Chirilli

Physics Faculty Publications

The scale of a coupling constant for rapidity-only evolution of transverse-momentum dependent (TMD) operators in the Sudakov kinematic region is calculated using the Brodsky-Lepage-Mackenzie optimal scale setting [S. J. Brodsky et al., Phys. Rev. D 28, 228 (1983).]. The effective argument of a coupling constant is halfway in the logarithmical scale between the transverse momentum and energy of TMD distribution. The resulting rapidity-only evolution equation is solved for quark and gluon TMDs.


Modeling A Nb3Sn Cryounit In Gpt In Uitf, Sunil Pokharel, Geoffey A. Krafft, A. S. Hofler Jan 2022

Modeling A Nb3Sn Cryounit In Gpt In Uitf, Sunil Pokharel, Geoffey A. Krafft, A. S. Hofler

Physics Faculty Publications

Nb₃Sn is a prospective material for future superconducting RF (SRF) accelerator cavities. The material can achieve higher quality factors, higher temperature operation and potentially higher accelerating gradients (E_{acc} 96 MV/m) compared to conventional niobium. In this work, we performed modeling of the Upgraded Injector Test Facility (UITF) at Jefferson Lab utilizing newly constructed Nb₃Sn cavities. We studied the effects of the buncher cavity and varied the gun voltages from 200-500 keV. We have calibrated and optimized the SRF cavity gradients and phases for the Nb₃Sn five-cell cavities energy gains with the framework of General Particle Tracer (GPT). Our calculations show …


Inverse Moment Of The B Meson Quasidistribution Amplitude, Ji Xu, Xi-Ruo Zhang, Shuai Zhao Jan 2022

Inverse Moment Of The B Meson Quasidistribution Amplitude, Ji Xu, Xi-Ruo Zhang, Shuai Zhao

Physics Faculty Publications

We perform a study on the structure of the inverse moment (IM) of quasidistributions, by taking B-meson quasidistribution amplitude (quasi-DA) as an example. Based on a one-loop calculation, we derive the renormalization group equation and velocity evolution equation for the first IM of quasi-DA. We find that, in the large velocity limit, the first IM of B-meson quasi-DA can be factorized into IM as well as logarithmic moments of light-cone distribution amplitude (LCDA), accompanied by short distance coefficients. Our results can be useful either in understanding the patterns of perturbative matching in large momentum effective theory or evaluating inverse …


High Resolution Diagnostic Tools For Superconducting Radio Frequency Cavities, I. Parajuli, G. Ciovati, J. R. Delayen Jan 2022

High Resolution Diagnostic Tools For Superconducting Radio Frequency Cavities, I. Parajuli, G. Ciovati, J. R. Delayen

Physics Faculty Publications

Superconducting radio-frequency (SRF) cavities are one of the fundamental building blocks of modern particle accelerators. To achieve the highest quality factors (1010–1011), SRF cavities are operated at liquid helium temperatures. Magnetic flux trapped on the surface of SRF cavities during cool-down below the critical temperature is one of the leading sources of residual RF losses. Instruments capable of detecting the distribution of trapped flux on the cavity surface are in high demand in order to better understand its relation to the cavity material, surface treatments and environmental conditions. We have designed, developed, and commissioned two high-resolution …


Magnetic Structure Of Few-Nucleon Systems At High Momentum Transfers In A Chiral Effective Field Theory Approach, A. Gnech, R. Schiavilla Jan 2022

Magnetic Structure Of Few-Nucleon Systems At High Momentum Transfers In A Chiral Effective Field Theory Approach, A. Gnech, R. Schiavilla

Physics Faculty Publications

The five low-energy constants (LECs) in the electromagnetic current derived in chiral effective field theory (χEFT) up to one loop are determined by a simultaneous fit to the A=2−3 nuclei magnetic moments and to the deuteron magnetic form factor and threshold electrodisintegration at backward angles over a wide range of momentum transfers. The resulting parametrization then yields predictions for the 3He/3H magnetic form factors in excellent accord with the experimental values for momentum transfers ranging up to ≈0.8 GeV/c, beyond the expected regime of validity of the χEFT approach. The calculations are based on last-generation two-nucleon interactions …


Coupled Dynamics Of Spin Qubits In Optical Dipole Microtraps: Application To The Error Analysis Of A Rydberg-Blockade Gate, L. V. Gerasimov, R. R. Yusupov, A. D. Moiseevsky, I. Vybornyi, K. S. Tikhonov, S. P. Kulik, S. S. Straupe, Charles I. Sukenik, D. V. Kupriyanov Jan 2022

Coupled Dynamics Of Spin Qubits In Optical Dipole Microtraps: Application To The Error Analysis Of A Rydberg-Blockade Gate, L. V. Gerasimov, R. R. Yusupov, A. D. Moiseevsky, I. Vybornyi, K. S. Tikhonov, S. P. Kulik, S. S. Straupe, Charles I. Sukenik, D. V. Kupriyanov

Physics Faculty Publications

Single atoms in dipole microtraps or optical tweezers have recently become a promising platform for quantum computing and simulation. Here we report a detailed theoretical analysis of the physics underlying an implementation of a Rydberg two-qubit gate in such a system—a cornerstone protocol in quantum computing with single atoms. We focus on a blockade-type entangling gate and consider various decoherence processes limiting its performance in a real system. We provide numerical estimates for the limits on fidelity of the maximally entangled states and predict the full process matrix corresponding to the noisy two-qubit gate. We consider different excitation geometries and …


Beam-Recoil Transferred Polarization In K+Y Electroproduction In The Nucleon Resonance Region With Clas12, D. S. Carman, A. D'Angelo, L. Lanza, V. I. Mokeev, K. P. Adhikari, M. J. Amaryan, W. R. Armstrong, H. Atac, H. Avakian, C. Ayerbe Gayoso, N. A. Baltzell, L. Barion, M. Battaglieri, I. Bedlinskiy, B. Benkel, A. Bianconi, A. S. Biselli, M. Bondi, S. Boiarinov, V. Ziegler Jan 2022

Beam-Recoil Transferred Polarization In K+Y Electroproduction In The Nucleon Resonance Region With Clas12, D. S. Carman, A. D'Angelo, L. Lanza, V. I. Mokeev, K. P. Adhikari, M. J. Amaryan, W. R. Armstrong, H. Atac, H. Avakian, C. Ayerbe Gayoso, N. A. Baltzell, L. Barion, M. Battaglieri, I. Bedlinskiy, B. Benkel, A. Bianconi, A. S. Biselli, M. Bondi, S. Boiarinov, V. Ziegler

Physics Faculty Publications

Beam-recoil transferred polarizations for the exclusive electroproduction of K + Λ and K + Σ0 final states from an unpolarized proton target have been measured using the CLAS12 spectrometer at Jefferson Laboratory. The measurements at beam energies of 6.535 and 7.546 GeV span the range of four-momentum transfer Q2 from 0.3 to 4.5 GeV2 and invariant energy W from 1.6 to 2.4 GeV, while covering the full center-of-mass angular range of the K+. These new data extend the existing hyperon polarization data from CLAS in a similar kinematic range but from a significantly larger dataset. …


Magnetic Flux Expulsion In Superconducting Radio-Frequency Niobium Cavities Made From Cold Worked Niobium, Bashu D. Khanal, S. Balachandran, S. Chetri, P. J. Lee, P. Dhakal Jan 2022

Magnetic Flux Expulsion In Superconducting Radio-Frequency Niobium Cavities Made From Cold Worked Niobium, Bashu D. Khanal, S. Balachandran, S. Chetri, P. J. Lee, P. Dhakal

Physics Faculty Publications

Trapped residual magnetic field during the cooldown of superconducting radio frequency (SRF) cavities is one of the primary source of RF residual losses leading to lower quality factor. Historically, SRF cavities have been fabricated from high purity fine grain niobium with grain size ~50 - 100 μm as well as large grain with grain size of the order of few centimeters. Non-uniform recrystallization of fine-grain Nb cavities after the post fabrication heat treatment leads to higher flux trapping during cooldown, hence the lower quality factor. We fabricated two 1.3 GHz single cell cavities from cold-worked niobium from different vendors and …


Field Shielding Of NBT��N Based Multilayer Structure For Accelerating Cavities, Iresha Harshani Senevirathne, Jean R. Delayen, Alex Gurevich, D. R. Beverstock, A.-M. Valente-Feliciano Jan 2022

Field Shielding Of NBT��N Based Multilayer Structure For Accelerating Cavities, Iresha Harshani Senevirathne, Jean R. Delayen, Alex Gurevich, D. R. Beverstock, A.-M. Valente-Feliciano

Physics Faculty Publications

Over the past few decades, bulk niobium (Nb) has been the material of choice for superconducting radio frequency (SRF) cavities used in particle accelerators to achieve higher accelerating gradients and lower RF losses. Multi-layer (SIS) structures consisting of alternating thin layers of superconductor(S) and insulator(I) deposited on a bulk Nb have been proposed to enhance the peak surface magnetic field and sustain a higher accelerating gradient. In this study, multilayers based NbTiN and AlN deposited on bulk Nb are used to test the proposed enhancement using the DC magnetic Hall probe technique. The technique detects a penetrating magnetic field through …


Samples For 3rd Harmonic Magnetometry Assessment Of Nbtin-Based Sis Structures, D.R. Beverstock, C.Z. Antoine, Jean R. Delayen, D. Manos, Iresha Harshani Senevirathne, J. K. Spradlin, A-M. Valente-Feliciano Jan 2022

Samples For 3rd Harmonic Magnetometry Assessment Of Nbtin-Based Sis Structures, D.R. Beverstock, C.Z. Antoine, Jean R. Delayen, D. Manos, Iresha Harshani Senevirathne, J. K. Spradlin, A-M. Valente-Feliciano

Physics Faculty Publications

In the quest for alternative superconducting materials to bring accelerator cavity performance beyond the bulk niobium (Nb) intrinsic limits, a promising concept uses superconductor-insulator-superconductor (SIS) thin film structures that allows magnetic flux shielding in accelerator cavities to higher fields [1]. Candidate materials for such structures are NbTiN as the superconductor and AlN as the insulator. We have demonstrated high quality NbTiN and AlN deposited by reactive DC magnetron sputtering (DCMS), both for individual layers and multilayers. Interface quality has been assessed for bilayer stacks with 250 nm NbTiN layers and AlN thicknesses from 30 nm down to1 nm. These SIS …