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Articles 3631 - 3660 of 34127
Full-Text Articles in Entire DC Network
Basketballs And Energy, Admin Stem For Success
Basketballs And Energy, Admin Stem For Success
STEM for Success Showcase
No abstract provided.
Money And Energy, Admin Stem For Success, Natalie Wilson
Money And Energy, Admin Stem For Success, Natalie Wilson
STEM for Success Showcase
Money is related to physics concepts to teach students about work, potential energy and conservation of energy
Rubber Band Car Activity, Admin Stem For Success, Natalie Wilson
Rubber Band Car Activity, Admin Stem For Success, Natalie Wilson
STEM for Success Showcase
Student learn about forces and engineering by designing a car powered by rubber bands
Tailoring The Polyurethane Foam/Rgo/Batio3 Pressure Sensor For Human Activities, Mohamed Morsy
Tailoring The Polyurethane Foam/Rgo/Batio3 Pressure Sensor For Human Activities, Mohamed Morsy
Nanotechnology Research Centre
No abstract provided.
Femtotesla Magnetometry And Nanoscale Imaging With Color Centers In Diamond, Yaser Silani
Femtotesla Magnetometry And Nanoscale Imaging With Color Centers In Diamond, Yaser Silani
Optical Science and Engineering ETDs
Intriguing photophysical properties of color centers in diamond make them ideal candidates for many applications from imaging and sensing to quantum networking. In the first part of this work, we have studied the silicon vacancy (SiV) centers in diamond for nanoscale imaging applications. We showed that these centers are promising fluorophores for Stimulated Emission Depletion (STED) microscopy, owing to their photostable, near-infrared emission and favorable photophysical properties. In the second part, we built a femtotesla Radio-Frequency (RF) magnetometer based on the diamond nitrogen vacancy (NV) centers and magnetic flux concentrators. We used this sensor to remotely detect Nuclear Quadrupole Resonance …
For The Dissertation: A Classification Of Tensors In Ecsk Theory, Joshua James Leiter, Charles G. Torre
For The Dissertation: A Classification Of Tensors In Ecsk Theory, Joshua James Leiter, Charles G. Torre
Physics Student Research
This dissertation presents a Petrov/Plebanski/Segre/Algebraic (PPSA) classification scheme for both the curvature and torsion tensors in Einstein-Cartan-Sciama-Kibble theory (ECSK); additionally the work includes a software package in Maple with computational and PPSA classification tools. Six different solutions are classified using the new software tools developed. We also present a new boundary term for ECSK-NMC scalar theory to ensure Dirichlet boundary conditions. New work completed includes the decomposition of an arbitrary 4th rank tensor under SO (p, q), equivalent SL (2, C) irreducible spinor decompositions of arbitrary 3rd and 4th rank tensors. We provide new proofs that the corresponding spinors are …
Calibrating The Faraday Cup For Ion Beams Using Rutherford Backscattering Spectroscopy, Joseph Fogt, Nolan Miles, Megan Haeussler, Hope Weeda
Calibrating The Faraday Cup For Ion Beams Using Rutherford Backscattering Spectroscopy, Joseph Fogt, Nolan Miles, Megan Haeussler, Hope Weeda
22nd Annual Celebration of Undergraduate Research and Creative Activity (2023)
Particle accelerators are useful pieces of technology for a variety of experiments, from testing for contaminants in the water supply to testing the durability of materials exposed to radiation. In order to measure the amount of radiation being delivered by the accelerator’s beam, a Faraday cup is used. This tool can measure the amount of ions impacting a surface by measuring the current generated by the incident ions; however, they often overestimate current due to the emission of secondary electrons. This is an inherent property of the Faraday cup, but we still want an accurate measurement of the beam current. …
Effects Of Autoionizing Resonances On Wave-Packet Dynamics Studied By Time-Resolved Photoelectron Spectroscopy, Pengju Zhang, Van Hung Hoang, Chuncheng Wang, Tran Trung Luu, Vít Svoboda, Anh-Thu Le, Hans Jakob Wörner
Effects Of Autoionizing Resonances On Wave-Packet Dynamics Studied By Time-Resolved Photoelectron Spectroscopy, Pengju Zhang, Van Hung Hoang, Chuncheng Wang, Tran Trung Luu, Vít Svoboda, Anh-Thu Le, Hans Jakob Wörner
Physics Faculty Research & Creative Works
We Report a Combined Experimental and Theoretical Study on the Effect of Autoionizing Resonances in Time-Resolved Photoelectron Spectroscopy. the Coherent Excitation of N2 by ∼14.15 EV Extreme-Ultraviolet Photons Prepares a Superposition of Three Dominant Adjacent Vibrational Levels (V′=14-16) in the Valence B′ ςu+1 State, Which Are Probed by the Absorption of Two or Three Near-Infrared Photons (800 Nm). the Superposition Manifests itself as Coherent Oscillations in the Measured Photoelectron Spectra. a Quantum-Mechanical Simulation Confirms that Two Autoionizing Rydberg States Converging to the Excited a Π2u and B ςu+2 N2+ Cores Are Accessed by the Resonant Absorption of …
Dynamical Formation Of Two-Fold Fragmented Many-Body State Induced By An Impurity In A Double-Well, Jie Chen, Simeon I. Mistakidis, Peter Schmelcher
Dynamical Formation Of Two-Fold Fragmented Many-Body State Induced By An Impurity In A Double-Well, Jie Chen, Simeon I. Mistakidis, Peter Schmelcher
Physics Faculty Research & Creative Works
We Unravel The Correlated Quantum Quench Dynamics Of A Single Impurity Immersed In A Bosonic Environment Confined In An One-Dimensional Double-Well Potential. A Particular Emphasis Is Placed On The Structure Of The Time-Evolved Many-Body (MB) Wave Function By Relying On A Schmidt Decomposition Whose Coefficients Directly Quantify The Number Of Configurations That Are Macroscopically Populated. For A Non-Interacting Bosonic Bath And Weak Postquench Impurity-Bath Interactions, We Observe The Dynamical Formation Of A Two-Fold Fragmented MB State Which Is Related To Intra-Band Excitation Processes Of The Impurity And Manifests As A Two-Body Phase Separation (Clustering) Between The Two Species For Repulsive …
Non-Hermitian Edge Burst Without Skin Localization, Cem Yuce, Hamidreza Ramezani
Non-Hermitian Edge Burst Without Skin Localization, Cem Yuce, Hamidreza Ramezani
Physics & Astronomy Faculty Publications
In a class of non-Hermitian quantum walk in lossy lattices with open boundary conditions, an unexpected peak in the distribution of the decay probabilities appears at the edge, referred to as an edge burst. It is proposed that the edge burst originates jointly from the non-Hermitian skin effect (NHSE) and the imaginary gaplessness of the spectrum [W.-T. Xue et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 128, 120401 (2022)]. Using a particular one-dimensional lossy lattice with a nonuniform loss rate, we show that the edge burst can occur even in the absence of skin localizations. Furthermore, we discuss that the edge …
Machine Learning In Analyzing Atmospheric Gravity Waves, Anastasia Brown
Machine Learning In Analyzing Atmospheric Gravity Waves, Anastasia Brown
Student Research Symposium
The ANtarctic Gravity Wave Instrument Network (ANGWIN) is an international collaboration aimed at investigating the upper atmosphere dynamics over a continent-size region, using a network of all-sky imagers. In an effort to streamline the identification of “clean” windows in the extensive database of all sky-imager data obtained since 2012, we have developed a machine learning algorithm that sorts “clean” (marked as 0) images from “obscured” (marked as 1) images. Already, we have successfully created a LightGBM (Light Gradient-Boosting Machine) model that accurately sorts through images taken at the Davis and McMurdo research stations in Antarctica. The LightGBM model for the …
United Properties Of Single-Origin Chocolates, Joseph Cooney
United Properties Of Single-Origin Chocolates, Joseph Cooney
Student Research Symposium
In small production facilities, such as those used to manufacture single origin chocolate, cocoa nibs are ground to reduce the particle size to levels below 20 microns. This is a very important step during chocolate production, since chocolates with particles greater than 20 microns will have a grainy texture and unacceptable mouthfeel. The objective of this research was to evaluate changes in viscosity during chocolate grinding as affected by chocolate formulation. Three different types of chocolates were evaluated: 70% dark, 50% milk, and a Swiss-style milk chocolate. Chocolates were processed in a stone grinder and samples were taken as a …
Effectiveness Of Multilayer Graded-Z Forms Of Radiation Shielding, Brinley Packer
Effectiveness Of Multilayer Graded-Z Forms Of Radiation Shielding, Brinley Packer
Student Research Symposium
This study explored how different forms of radiation shielding were more or less effective than standard single-layer shielding. Beta and gamma radiation sources were used and measured using a Geiger counter to determine how well the various forms of shielding protect against the radiation. The shielding effectiveness of standard homogeneous materials (e.g., graphite, carbon/epoxy composites, aluminum, and lead) of various thicknesses for different radiation sources was measured to provide standards for comparison. Once a basis of effective shielding was established, the study can go into greater depth into how to use shielding materials to be more effective, to better shield …
Radon In Utah Homes, Madison Mackay
Radon In Utah Homes, Madison Mackay
Student Research Symposium
Radon gas is a radioactive gas that is all around us. It can get trapped in homes, especially basements. It is potentially hazardous in high amounts, so it is important to know about. This project studied radon gas in several locations in Utah. The decay of radon samples was studied, and levels found were compared to expected high/low levels.
Reduction Of Drag Force In Liquids, Nick Hill
Reduction Of Drag Force In Liquids, Nick Hill
Student Research Symposium
The purpose of this research is to determine the effectiveness of different strategies of reducing the drag experienced by an object falling through liquids like water and oil. Different methods include coating the object with a hydrophobic substance or heating the object. The tests will be conducted using objects of different materials, including a steel ball, a marble, and a dimpled ball similar to a golf ball. The drag force will be measured by using a high-speed camera to track the motion of the object. These results could be useful for many applications, specifically when attempting to create an object …
Electron Yield Analysis Of Highly Insulating Granular Particles, Heather Allen, Matthew Robertson, Tom Keaton, Jr Dennison
Electron Yield Analysis Of Highly Insulating Granular Particles, Heather Allen, Matthew Robertson, Tom Keaton, Jr Dennison
Student Research Symposium
This project investigates the charging properties and electron yields of highly insulating granular samples, and how these properties may differ from bulk surfaces of the same composition. Measurements were made on both smooth and granular surfaces of materials including aluminum oxide, silicon dioxide, sodium chloride, and magnesium oxide. The dramatic effects of surface roughness on electron yield values became evident after comparing the preliminary results of rougher granular samples to those of smooth bulk crystalline surface. In every case tested, the more complex surface morphology resulted in a greatly reduced maximum yield, without substantially affecting the curve shape or energy …
Permittivity Of Thin Film Spacecraft Materials, Cameron Eggleston
Permittivity Of Thin Film Spacecraft Materials, Cameron Eggleston
Student Research Symposium
Permittivity is the ability of a material to store electrical potential energy under the influence of an electric field. This property is commonly used to determine the best insulating materials and to find the best materials for capacitors. Where my research, the permittivity of thin film space materials, is generally relevant is the realm of spacecraft charging and arcing. The permittivity of thin film space materials affects how charge builds up in the material. While taking permittivity measurements, we noticed that thinner samples were giving smaller values than they should, so we started to look closer. We developed an empirical …
Differences In Magnetic Field Models Can Affect The Studies That Use Them, Tucker Anderson
Differences In Magnetic Field Models Can Affect The Studies That Use Them, Tucker Anderson
Student Research Symposium
The International Geomagnetic Reference Field and World Magnetic Model are used by many organizations for varying purposes. Differences in these models can affect the studies that employ them. Data from these models between the years 1972 and 2022 were compared to demonstrate this.
High Frequency Radio Communication, Tyler Larsen
High Frequency Radio Communication, Tyler Larsen
Student Research Symposium
This research focuses on high frequency radio communication and its link to space weather. It examines a signal from beacon networks across the globe and analyzes that signal as it arrives to the antennae here at USU. By linking that data to space weather data we can more accurately see how the signal is being affected.
The Spin Polarization Of Palladium On Magneto-Electric Cr2O3, Takashi Komesu, Will Echtenkamp,, Christian H. Binek, Peter A. Dowben
The Spin Polarization Of Palladium On Magneto-Electric Cr2O3, Takashi Komesu, Will Echtenkamp,, Christian H. Binek, Peter A. Dowben
Department of Physics and Astronomy: Faculty Publications
While induced spin polarization of a palladium (Pd) overlayer on antiferromagnetic and magneto-electric Cr2O3(0001) is possible because of the boundary polarization at the Cr2O3(0001), in the single domain state, the Pd thin film appears to be ferromagnetic on its own, likely as a result of strain. In the conduction band, we find the experimental evidence of ferromagnetic spin polarized in Pd thin films on a Cr2O3(0001) single crystal, especially in the thin limit, Pd thickness of around 1–4 nm. Indeed there is significant spin polarization in 10 Å …
Electromagnetism In Curved Spacetime, Kevin Rhine
Electromagnetism In Curved Spacetime, Kevin Rhine
Student Research Symposium
Electromagnetism is well-understood in the case of flat spacetimes through Maxwell's equations. However, these equations do not account for spacetime curvature, yet there exist environments in which the spacetime curves enough to affect electromagnetic fields. Such extreme conditions can be found in the early stages of the universe, as well as near dense objects such as neutron stars and charged black holes. In order to understand electromagnetic interactions in these environments, one must solve the coupled Einstein-Maxwell equations, which form a highly complicated non-linear system of second-order partial differential equations. Despite their immense complexity, we can solve these equations by …
Telescope Restoration, Aidan Tueller
Telescope Restoration, Aidan Tueller
Student Research Symposium
In partnership with Dr. Jan Sojka, head of the Physics Department, a plan was created to make the telescope on top of the Engineering Lab building operational again for either staff, students, classes, or labs to use. The telescope was purchased through funds by Utah NASA Space Grant Consortium. This presentation will give a recap of how the restoration went and plans for future use of the telescope.
Energy Modes Of Gravitons, Abhay Katyal
Energy Modes Of Gravitons, Abhay Katyal
Student Research Symposium
The Standard Model of particle physics is arguably the most accurate and successful theory humanity has created. However, it is unable to incorporate Einstein's theory of gravity, so we explored a theory named Supergravity, which can unify the two pillars of physics. This theory operates in 11 dimensions, where 6 of them are extremely small and curled up, undetectable by the current energy levels of particle detectors. We incorporate the energies of the compactified dimensions into the graviton, a usually massless particle. We are then able to calculate the effective mass spectrum of the graviton to probe into the additional …
A Classification Of Spacetimes, Guillermo Frausto
A Classification Of Spacetimes, Guillermo Frausto
Student Research Symposium
Symmetry reduction is an important tool for simplifying physical problems. But in some cases, symmetry reducing the Lagrangian may lead to incorrect equations. When this issue occurs, a symmetry is said to violate the principle of symmetric criticality (PSC). It’s known that for PSC to hold in a local field theory, two conditions must be true (the Palais and Lie conditions), but for most spacetime symmetries, the validity of PSC has not been established. In this project, we provide a classification of spacetime symmetries based upon the validity of PSC for gravitational field theory. Using the DifferentialGeometry package in Maple, …
Surface Roughness And Electron Yield: Finding The Optimum Parameters For Correlation, Anh Phan
Surface Roughness And Electron Yield: Finding The Optimum Parameters For Correlation, Anh Phan
Student Research Symposium
The surface conditions of a material, such as roughness and cleanliness, can significantly affect its electron yield, thereby influencing the amount of surface charging. This study aims to identify roughness parameters that correlate surface roughness to electron yield. Surface roughness and electron yield of aluminum samples were measured and compared. Four roughness parameters, namely Spc, Sdr, Sa, and Ra, were identified as effective in characterizing surface roughness. Understanding the correlation between surface roughness and electron yield is crucial for predicting the electron yield of a material with a specific roughness and developing effective mitigation approaches.
Light Scattering From Periodic, Conducting Nanostructures, Wesley Mills
Light Scattering From Periodic, Conducting Nanostructures, Wesley Mills
Student Research Symposium
A material with broadband light absorbing capabilities has the potential for much usefulness in devices such as photovoltaics and thermoelectrics. By energy conservation, a non-transparent material with low reflectance will be highly absorbing. Thus, much research has been devoted to understanding what makes material having low reflectance across a wide wavelength spectrum. Here, mode matching at the boundaries is used to solve a plane wave of light scattering from an array of apertures in a perfectly conducting metal. This approach provides numerical solutions of Maxwell’s equations, instead of the commonly used finite-difference-time-domain simulations which provide solutions but can vary with …
Metasurfaces For Holography, Scott Howell
Metasurfaces For Holography, Scott Howell
Student Research Symposium
Using light to store information on photographic plates and metasurfaces that can then be extracted using using the same light source.
The Kp-Index And Behavior Of Quiet Periods, Collette Walbeck
The Kp-Index And Behavior Of Quiet Periods, Collette Walbeck
Student Research Symposium
The Kp-index quantifies the electromagnetic effects in the Earth’s atmosphere and is used in a variety of scientific fields. Higher Kp values tend to be the focus in these fields as they relate to high solar activity and geomagnetic storms. This study aimed to examine the significance, if any, of lower Kp indices. A simple data analysis was performed on continuous sequences of low Kp values, deemed Quiet Periods. Both the daily average of the values and the full set of Kp data were used. A decaying exponential relationship was discovered between the length of these periods and their frequencies …
What Is Love For A Black Hole?, Luis Fernando Temoche
What Is Love For A Black Hole?, Luis Fernando Temoche
Student Research Symposium
One of the many aspects we can characterize for black holes is their behavior under perturbations, like waves for example. This presentation will focus on the study of this dynamics through the obtention of the so-called Love Numbers for Black Holes. Those parameters used to determine the tidal response to perturbations, are known in the literature for vanishing in the case of 4-dimensional solutions. By analyzing different of black holes in 5 dimensions, we attempt to determine if that condition is extrapolable to higher dimensional cases.
E6 Models In Light Of Precision MW Measurements, Vernon Barger, Cash Hauptmann, Peisi Huang, Wai-Yee Keung
E6 Models In Light Of Precision MW Measurements, Vernon Barger, Cash Hauptmann, Peisi Huang, Wai-Yee Keung
Department of Physics and Astronomy: Faculty Publications
We propose a solution to the recent W mass measurement by embedding the Standard Model within E6 models. The presence of a new U(1) group shifts the W boson mass at the tree level and introduces a new gauge boson Z' which has been searched for at collider experiments. In this article, we identify the parameter space that explains the new W mass measurement and is consistent with current experimental Z' searches. As U(1) extensions can be accommodated in supersymmetric models, we also consider the supersymmetric scenario of E6 models, and show that a 125 GeV …