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The Calculation Of The Cross-Section Of The Interaction Between Two Yang-Mills Fields, Richard A. Starr

Masters Theses

The Problem and Its Background

This thesis presents a study of the interaction between two arbitrary fields, named Yang-Mills fields¹ for their originators. The basic equations for the calculations of the Yang-Mills interaction are due to modern quantum field theory and its specific application to quantum electrodynamics.²

Much useful information can be obtained from the formulation of the dynamical equations for a classical system: for example, the classical description of the electromagnetic field, based on Maxwell's equations, leads to wave concepts. Then using this formalism as a starting point, one can proceed to the quantum theory of free …

Phase Shift Analysis Of Protons Elastically Scattered By 016 Near EP = 8.3 Mev, Glenn D. Westin

Masters Theses

Chapter I

Introduction

The study of the resonances in the scattering cross section of the p + O¹⁶ reaction can reveal information regarding the energy levels of the compound nucleus F¹⁷. The analysis is simplified because of the zero spin of the O¹⁶ nucleus. Also, the low binding energy of the proton added to O¹⁶ allows examination of the low-lying energy levels in F¹⁷.¹ The reaction has been intensively investigated at the University of Wisconsin in a series of experiments using an electrostatic accelerator as a source of protons.

Cerium Magnesium Nitrate Temperature Scale From Nuclear Orientation, Richard B. Frankel, D. A. Shirley, N. J. Stone

Physics

Systematic deviations were found below 0.003°K in the temperature dependence of nuclear orientation of Ce^137m in cerous magnesium nitrate, using the temperature scale proposed by Daniels and Robinson. The temperature scale below 0.006°K was redetermined using a new method: nuclear orientation. This has the advantage over the 'Y-ray heating method of high sensitivity at the lowest temperature. The most striking result is hat a value of 1/T of 520, rather than the previously accepted 324, is obtained by demagnetization from initial condItions of 18.8 kG deg^-1. The useful absolute temperature range is thus extended by …

Dipion Resonant Systems Produced In 4.5 Gev/C Π⁺D Interactions : Saclay-Orsay-Bologna Collaboration, William J. Fickinger

Faculty Scholarship

This paper presents an analysis of the features observed in the neutral mass spectrum of events of this type: π+d - pp neutrals

Nuclear Magnetic Relaxation And Diffusion In Paraffin Oil, David E. Parker

Masters Theses

Introduction

Since the introduction of the spin echoes technique by E. L. Hahn¹ many studies have been made in the determination of the spin relaxation T₂, spin-lattice relaxation T₁, and the diffusion rates in gases, liquids^2-5, and solids^6-10. Hahn's methods were later improved by Carr and Purcell¹¹. The Carr-Purcell method serves as the basic technique for this study.

Several studies have been published on the relaxation and diffusion rates in hydrocarbons¹². These studies have shown:

1. The spin relaxation time T₂, is independent of the …

A Theoretical Study Of Light Scattering From Water Droplets., Aaron J. Cox

Physics & Astronomy ETDs

No abstract provided.

On The Scintillation Of Stars., Mary Elizabeth Prince Phelan

Physics & Astronomy ETDs

The nature of stellar scintillation is important to the astronomer and to the atmospheric physicist, but little quantitative work has been done in this area. This paper describes the results of an objective study of stellar scintillation. The principle measurements were concerned with a determination of the scintillation pattern and rate of a star which was observed simultaneously in two photoelectric telescopes whose distance could be varied. Other items measured included variations in rate of scintillation with: stellar magnitude, stellar altitude, atmospheric changes, and time of evening.

Ultrasonic Suspension Of Liquid Droplets For Light Scattering Studies, David L. Cutchin

Physics & Astronomy ETDs

The construction and operation of an ultrasonic liquid droplet suspension device are described. The problem of generating intense sonic waves by matching the sonic transducer components is investigated. There is a description and analysis of a light scattering experiment performed on a suspended water droplet. The moat prominent characteristic of the scattered light was a rapid (10 to 100 cycles per second) time fluctuation in intensity. The variation in scattering cross section with droplet diameter predicted by the Mie theory and droplet shape oscillations are investigated as possible mechanisms producing the fluctuations.

Measuring Spin-Lattice Relaxation Times With A Super-Regenerative Spectrometer, Alfred C. Rester Jr.

Physics & Astronomy ETDs

Nuclear quadrupole resonance is a branch of radio frequency spectroscopy which was discovered in 1950 by Dehmelt and Kruger. (1). It is concerned with radio-frequency magnetic resonance absorption in molecular crystals. It results from the interaction of the nuclear quadrupole moment with the electric field gradient of the molecule charge cloud surrounding the nucleus. Different orientations of the nuclear axis relative to the field axis correspond to different energy levels. Resonance absorption takes place when an applied electromagnetic field cause transitions from one energy level to a higher one.

A Gated Digital Integrator And Its Application To The Measurement Of Nuclear Quadrupole Relaxation Times, Jack Curtis Wilcott

Physics & Astronomy ETDs

The thesis is divided into two sections. The first section discusses nuclear quadrupole resonance, relaxation times, experimental procedure, and apparatus, and some data is given. The second section describes the gated digital integrator in detail. The system uses the boxcar integrator technique for analyzing periodic waveforms obscured by noise. The average voltage of a small segment of the waveform is obtained by repeated sampling and is stored in a digital up-down counter. A digital-to-analog converter converts the stored digital number into a voltage to run a recording meter and to provide a feedback signal to compare with the input signal. …

Proton Measurements On A Rocket Probe Into The South Atlantic Radiation Anomaly, Russell G. Herron

Physics & Astronomy ETDs

1. Geomagnetically Trapped Radiation

A summary of results of space measurements during the 1950's has been published by Rossi (reference 1). Foremost among these results was the discovery of geomagnetically trapped radiation observed in increased counting rates in geiger counters on Sputnik II and Explorer I. In 1958, Van Allen (reference 2) correctly interpreted these experiments in terms of belts of geomagnetically trapped particles. In 1961, Singer and Lenchek (reference 3) reviewed progress in the burgeoning field of geomagnetically trapped radiation. In September 1962, Rosen et al. (reference 4) summarized the accepted information on the space radiation environment in a …

An Investigation Of Neutron Collimators And Their Application In Neutron Radiography., Roger A. Morris

Physics & Astronomy ETDs

One of the most important diagnostic tools in the fields of medicine and industry is the use of penetrating radiation to detect flaws, inhomogeneities, and abnormal conditions within an object without permanently changing or destroying the object being inspected. The equipment, technique, and type of radiation employed vary widely between hospital, shop, or laboratory depending upon the particular conditions that are encountered and the results that are expected. Probably the most widely used radiation types are X-rays or gamma-rays and their applications in the above-mentioned fields need no further description. However, beams of thermal neutrons are becoming more and more …

Ua77/1 Alumni Bulletin, Vol. 32, No. 2, Wku Alumni Association

WKU Administration Documents

Alumni newsletter published by WKU. This issue has the following articles:

• President Kelly Thompson Announces Master Plan
• Western to Offer Graduate Degree Program in Engineering Physics
• Summer Session Slated to Open on June 14
• Robertson, Lee. From the Alumni Office
• Class of 1915
• Class of 1925
• Class of 1940
• Class of 1955
• Class of 1964
• Sports in Brief
• William Solly Becomes New Physical Education Head
• Graduate Assistantships Now Available
• James McKee Joins Education Department
• On the Calendar
• Commencement Day Activities

The (He3,D) Reaction On The N=28 Nuclei., Dale D. Armstrong

Physics & Astronomy ETDs

A beam of 22-MeV He3 ions from the Los Alamos variable energy cyclotron was used to investigate the (He3,d) reaction on Ca48, v51, Cr52, and Fe54. A solid-state E-deltaE mass-identification detector system was used. The use of a summing preamplifier for perfoming the coherent addition of the E and 6E pulses allowed the energy resolution to be reduced to the inherent energy spread of the cyclotron beam, which is 100 to 120 keV. Levels or groups of levels were resolvable up to an excitation of 5 to 6 MeV for all the nuclei that were studied, and angular distributions were …

Sign Change Of Induced Hyperfine Fields In The 5p Shell, Richard B. Frankel, J. J. Huntzicker, E. Matthias, S. S. Rosenblum, N. J. Stone

Physics

No abstract provided.

Width Of Ion And Monopole Tracks In Emulsion, Robert Katz, J. J. Butts

Robert Katz Publications

The width of the tracks of ions in emulsion has been calculated from the assumption that a developable image is formed when the energy dosage deposited by delta rays exceeds a threshold value, here found to be 6000 ergs/cm² in G-5 emulsion. The theory agrees with measurements of track width obtained by projecting track images to a magnification of 3000× and tracing around their outline, while truncating isolated delta rays at their bases. Agreement is to within a grain diameter to a range of about 4 cm. From the theory we infer that there is no Z intelligence contained …

The Intentionality Structure Of Complementarity, Patrick A. Heelan

Research Resources

In this article Heelan argues that the return to the concrete and empirical implied in Heisenberg's insight on the importance of observables in physics was not, however, in Heisenberg's case, accompanied by a thorough re-thinking of the rationalist presuppositions of classical physics. The effect on Bohr, however, was to lead him to a complete rejection of rationalism and to the adoption of the contrary extreme, empiricism. The profound – though largely implicit – cause of the disagreement between Bohr and Heisenberg as to the correct interpretation of quantum mechanics, was resolved in the sumnler of 1927, by the common acceptance …

The Discovery Of Quantum Mechanics, Patrick A. Heelan

Research Resources

In this chapter Heelan discusses how Heisenberg's insight of 1925, that physics should concern itself henceforth only with relations between observables, changed the intentionality-structure of physics. This insight led Heisenberg to the construction of a quantum mechanics of observables. Heelan briefly discusses the significance of his insighand of his rejection of Schrödinger's wave mechanics; the novelty of quantum mechanics as a physical theory, and the meaning he attributed to its most surprising result, viz., the Indeterminacy Relations. The crisis was a crisis of the rationalism inherent in the outlook of classical physics, and Heisenberg's insistence on "observable quantities" was a …

Derivation Of The Diffusion Equation And A Revision Of Matsuda's Theory For Polarography, W. Patrick Rahilly

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Many theories have been proposed to yield a current-time relationship in Polarography. The most widely accepted is that of Matsuda. He assumes that the electrolyte can be separated into an inhomogeneous region about the mercury drop and a homogeneous region elsewhere. This assumption leads to a first order , nonlinear, ordinary differential equation directly solvable by substitution of a properly chosen series. But the series solution obtained is only a particular solution; for there exists, as one would expect, a family of solutions depending on a contrast of integration. In the literature, derivation of the diffusion equation has never been …

Spectrographic Study Of The Afterglow Of Mercury, Edward E. Stepp, Richard A. Anderson

Physics Faculty Research & Creative Works

The short duration afterglow of 14 Hg lines was examined, at temperatures of 150°, 200°, 250°, and 300°F, in a cell that had been excited by an rf source. All of the lines exhibited a smooth exponential decay at the lowest temperature. At some temperature above 150°F, however, all of the lines, except the 2537- and 4079- Å lines, exhibited an enhancement of intensity in the time region between 50 and 100 µsec. At the highest temperature all of the lines originating from levels at an energy of 8.84 eV or above, except those originating from the 6¹D …

An Account Of Measurements Of The Mean Range Of Polonium-210 Alpha Particles In Liquid Water, Clyde Eugene Moss Jr.

Master's Theses

A comprehensive account of seven previous measurements of the mean range of Polonum-210 alpha particles in liquid water is presented. Suggestions for obtaining more accurate range measurements are made. The importance of the mean range value to radiobiology is mentioned.

Pair Distribution For A Cell-Model Liquid, James M. Phillips

Doctoral Dissertations

"The pair distribution function for a cell-model liquid has been derived by Lund in the form of an integral equation which depends upon the cell-center distribution function and the cell model. From this integral equation an approximate integral equation is obtained by substituting a function, which is linearly dependent upon the molecular pair distribution function and a variable parameter for the cell-center distribution function. This approximate integral equation is solved for the molecular pair distribution and the variable parameter is shown to depend upon the difference between temperature and the critical temperature. Although the exact numerical solution of the molecular …

A Second Study Of Homogeneous Nucleation Of Water Vapor In Helium, Raymond J. Schmitt

Masters Theses

"Absolute homogeneous nucleation rates in a supersaturated mixture of water vapor and helium are measured using a long sensitive time expansion chamber and a method devised by Kassner and Allard. A pulse technique is employed to produce the nucleation in an effort to suppress disturbing influences of vapor depletion and droplet growth. The time-varying nature of the supersaturation during the nucleation pulse is taken into account by an Integration over the pulse. Observed and theoretically predicted droplet concentrations are related by an assumed nucleation rate law which is adjusted until the total droplet populations predicted by integration of the assumed …

A Measurement Of Dead Space And Its Effect On The Homogeneous Nucleation Rate Of Water Vapor In Helium, Michael A. Grayson

Masters Theses

"The existence of a "dead space" surrounding each nucleated water droplet is demonstrated and measurements of its rate of development are made. The effects of this "dead space" are considered to be due to both the removal of vapor from the helium-water vapor mixture and the evolution of heat about the drop due to its growth. The results confirm the usefulness of the concept of a "dead space" and provide a means for its measurement with respect to time. Recommendations for further study and a method of correcting for dead space effects is given"--page [i].

A Solution To Einstein's Gravitational Field Equation For A Spherically Symmetrical Static Perfect Fluid, Lionel Donnell Hewett

Doctoral Dissertations

"Given spherical symmetry, Einstein's gravitational field equations are reduced to a single, second order, linear, homogeneous differential equation. The solution of this equation for a homogeneous sphere is identical with Schwarzschild's solution...Values of relative density, interior mass, relative pressure, relative and absolute temperature are obtained as functions of radius, r, and are compared with corresponding values for the homogeneous sphere, and for a model sun"--Abstract, page v.

An Instrument For The Measurement Of Anelastic Properties Of Glass, Thomas Frederick Miller

Masters Theses

"An inverted torsion pendulum for measuring the internal friction and dynamic shear modulus of glass fibers over an extended temperature range has been constructed and calibrated. The calibration consists of the determination of the moment of inertia. Extraneous damping losses were investigated and primary sources were found to be (1) the suspension thread, (2) the method of securing the fiber and (3) air damping. Anelastic measurements were made on an annealed vitreous silica fiber and a soda-lime-silica fiber"--Abstract, page ii.

Drop Growth In A Supersaturated Vapor, Roger Buecher

Masters Theses

"Using kinetic theory and the thermodynamics of phase transitions, a method is derived for finding the growth rate and temperature increase of a droplet in water vapor which has been supersaturated by the expansion of a cloud chamber. Calculations are performed for a specific numerical example and compared to other work in this field"--Abstract, page [2].

Operating Characteristics Of A Cloud Chamber Suited For Condensation Measurements, Donald L. Packwood

Masters Theses

"It is the main purpose of this research to investigate the validity of using the adiabatic laws to determine the temperature from the pressure ratio. Some of the effects which might invalidate the use of the adiabatic laws will be studied. Special consideration will be given to the accurate calculation of [gamma]. Carstens' approximate calculation of the heat flow into the chamber due to conduction will be checked. A measurement will be made of how long the chamber remains adiabatic after an expansion when the continuing expansion technique is used. The static temperature gradient throughout the chamber will be measured …

A Study Of Re-Evaporation Nuclei, Ronald Dawbarn

Masters Theses

"Classical considerations of the evaporation of a homogeneously nucleated droplet in an atmosphere of low humidity, indicates complete evaporation of the drop. Experimental results however, show that there is left behind a residual nucleus that is quite stable. Condensation occurs on these nuclei at comparatively low supersaturations. Using a specially instrumented cloud chamber, experimental procedures are described which attempt to investigate some of the properties of these nuclei. Various possibilities causing this stability are examined and compared to the experimental results obtained"--page [ii].

Metrology--An Experiment Where Industry And Education Meet, R. B. Hastings

Journal of the Minnesota Academy of Science

This paper describes a project in which students worked in close cooperation with both the physics department of Macalester College and the gage block laboratory of the Continental Machine Company, manufacturers of ,precision gage blocks. Brief descriptions, including drawings, are given of both the interferometer and the constant temperature laboratory in which all measurements were taken. This constant temperature laboratory is set with precision at those two temperatures between which the average coefficient of linear expansion of a gage block is to be determined. Many such readings were taken and computations of the coefficient of expansion were made. Comparison of …