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Advancing High-Energy Astrophysics Through X-Ray Spectropolarimetry And Balloon-Borne Instrumentation, Sohee Chun
Advancing High-Energy Astrophysics Through X-Ray Spectropolarimetry And Balloon-Borne Instrumentation, Sohee Chun
Arts & Sciences Graduate Student Theses and Dissertations
The strong gravitational field around black holes provides a unique laboratory for investigating the behavior of matter and radiation under extreme conditions. As matter accretes, the interplay between the accretion disk, hot corona, and surrounding stellar environment produces complex spectral and polarimetric X-ray signatures. Thus, X-ray spectropolarimetry has become a powerful tool for constraining the accretion geometry. Building on these advances, this dissertation integrates theoretical modeling, observational data analysis, and instrumentation development to address open questions in high-energy astrophysics. On the theoretical side, relativistic ray-tracing simulations test the truncated disk-hot inner flow accretion geometry against observations of Cygnus X-1, identifying …
Development Of New Technical Approaches To Speed The Search For Axion Dark Matter With Haloscopes, Jonah Harper Hoffman
Development Of New Technical Approaches To Speed The Search For Axion Dark Matter With Haloscopes, Jonah Harper Hoffman
Arts & Sciences Graduate Student Theses and Dissertations
The axion is a hypothetical particle that may solve two major problems in physics: the strong CP problem in quantum chromodynamics (QCD) and the unknown particle nature of the dark matter. Axion haloscopes like the Axion Dark Matter eXperiment (ADMX) are capable of probing the region of parameter space where axions could constitute the dark matter. These experiments use a microwave resonant cavity in a strong magnetic field to convert axions into detectable photons when their Compton wavelength matches the resonant mode of the cavity. By moving a metal rod within the cavity volume, the resonant frequency can be tuned, …
The True Interstellar Anisotropy Of 13 Tev Cosmic Rays, Matthew Conde
The True Interstellar Anisotropy Of 13 Tev Cosmic Rays, Matthew Conde
Aerospace, Physics, and Space Science Student Publications
Cosmic rays (CRs) are high-energy particles; bare atomic nuclei, with varying origins and energy levels. Research in this field is focused on identifying potential origins, understanding transport mechanisms faced on their journey to Earth, and interpreting the angular structure of incident CRs. One obstacle of this research is the trajectory modulation induced by the heliosphere during the CRs’ journey. In this work we employ a method to reconstruct the properties of CRs as they were at the local interstellar medium (LISM) by means of a nonlinear model fit to the map at Earth. Another obstacle is the time-averaging used to …
The Sky Is Not The Limit: Characterizing The Limiting Magnitudes Of The Ortega Observatory Telescopes, Joshua Benveniste
The Sky Is Not The Limit: Characterizing The Limiting Magnitudes Of The Ortega Observatory Telescopes, Joshua Benveniste
Aerospace, Physics, and Space Science Student Publications
Florida Tech’s Ortega Observatory has many high quality telescopes whose limits require empirical characterization. This project aims to do exactly that by calculating the point-source limiting magnitudes for three telescopes, including the Kennedy Space Center Visitor Complex Telescope
Gamma Ray Burst Afterglow Slopes, Brian Robbins
Gamma Ray Burst Afterglow Slopes, Brian Robbins
Aerospace, Physics, and Space Science Student Publications
The standard models for gamma ray bursts (GRBs) typically assume that shockaccelerated electrons follow a power law distribution of energies. However, this behavior is not what some gamma ray bursts show. In this project, it is suggested that the presence of thermal electrons causes temporal and spectral structure across the afterglow, which is significantly different from models assuming a pure power-law distribution of electrons. To model the afterglows, we decide on a large number of samples of GRBs from the Swift database and obtain the temporal and spectral indices at arbitrary times. By finding the temporal and spectral indices at …
Dual-Lev: A Dual-Axis Ultrasonic Acoustic Levitator, Trevor Hennington, Alyx Mason
Dual-Lev: A Dual-Axis Ultrasonic Acoustic Levitator, Trevor Hennington, Alyx Mason
Aerospace, Physics, and Space Science Student Publications
sound waves to create a standing wave, where regions of high and low pressure form stable nodes that can trap small objects. The upward acoustic radiation force at these nodes balances gravity, allowing the object to float in midair. This technology is applicable in various fields such as chemistry, biological engineering, and sub-gravity simulation. It can also be used for drop dynamics studies, crystallization, and
Electron Emission From Unactivated Gaas: Towards The Development Of Novel Sources Of Spin-Polarized Electrons, William Truslow Newman
Electron Emission From Unactivated Gaas: Towards The Development Of Novel Sources Of Spin-Polarized Electrons, William Truslow Newman
Dissertations and Doctoral Documents, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, 2023–
Spin-polarized electrons are commonly emitted from GaAs photocathodes with treated surfaces in a process called negative electron affinity activation. These sources require stringent vacuum conditions that are often hard to achieve and lead to significant downtimes in experiments. In this dissertation, I present new investigations of electron emission from unactivated GaAs towards the development of novel sources of spin-polarized electrons. The work entails two primary directions. The first is the investigation of electron emission using multiphoton ionization processes enhanced by nanoscale surface structures. We explore GaAs electron sources including, shards, nanotip arrays of pyramid structures, wedges, and ion-milled tips. The …
High Performance Ae-Cnn Model Enhanced Via Gaussian Augmentation For Rssi-Dependent Indoor Positioning In Wireless Sensor Networks, Kahlaa K. Al-Nassrawy, Ghaidaa A Al-Sultany
High Performance Ae-Cnn Model Enhanced Via Gaussian Augmentation For Rssi-Dependent Indoor Positioning In Wireless Sensor Networks, Kahlaa K. Al-Nassrawy, Ghaidaa A Al-Sultany
Karbala International Journal of Modern Science
Precise indoor positioning system remains a significant challenge within Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) due to the instability and noise sensitivity of Received Signal Strength Indicator (RSSI) data. This paper proposes an advanced hybrid deep learning framework designed for 2D indoor localization, utilizing RSSI measurements to predict human or object position. Furthermore, to enhance the robustness of the model against signal variance and promote its generalization capability under this uncertainty, a data augmentation strategy is applied using three methods: Gaussian Noise Injection (GNI), Gaussian Mixture Model (GMM), and Bayesian Gaussian Mixture Model (BGMM). The purpose of data augmentation is to simulate …
Optimization Of Pediatric Multidetector Ct Imaging Parameters Using A Machine Learning–Based Monte Carlo Simulation Model, Ali O. Masoud, Adithya Rajnaryanan, Khamis O. Amour, Ahmed M. Jusabani, Justin E Ngaile, Manoj Kumar, Mwingereza John Kumwenda Dr
Optimization Of Pediatric Multidetector Ct Imaging Parameters Using A Machine Learning–Based Monte Carlo Simulation Model, Ali O. Masoud, Adithya Rajnaryanan, Khamis O. Amour, Ahmed M. Jusabani, Justin E Ngaile, Manoj Kumar, Mwingereza John Kumwenda Dr
Tanzania Journal of Science
This study utilized Monte Carlo (MC) simulations to optimize radiation doses in pediatric multidetector computed tomography (MDCT) head scans by analyzing key parameters like tube current (mA), tube voltage (kV), pitch, and slice thickness. The findings indicate that reducing tube current significantly lowers the Computed Tomography Dose Index (CTDIvol) and Dose Length Product (DLP), effectively minimizing patient radiation exposure. Higher pitch values (0.7–0.9) further reduced radiation by decreasing beam overlap, while using a thinner slice thickness (0.6 mm) improved dose efficiency. A comparison highlighted the effectiveness of optimization: simulated parameters kVp 100, mAs 81, pitch 0.98 yielded a CTDIvol of …
Developing Physics And Computing Identities In A Computationally Integrated Physics Course, Elizabeth Hallock
Developing Physics And Computing Identities In A Computationally Integrated Physics Course, Elizabeth Hallock
Engineering & Physics Student Scholarship
No abstract provided.
Patient-Level Breast Cancer Classification From Multi-View Mammography With Side-Specific Evidence For Interpretability, Bushra Intakhab
Patient-Level Breast Cancer Classification From Multi-View Mammography With Side-Specific Evidence For Interpretability, Bushra Intakhab
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Breast cancer remains one of the leading causes of cancer-related death among women. Early detection through screening mammography is therefore very important. However, mammogram interpretation can be difficult because abnormalities may be subtle and spread across different views. The increasing workload of radiologists can also affect timely analysis. Artificial intelligence (AI) has been widely explored to support mammography interpretation by improving speed and consistency. However, many existing AI methods focus on patch-level or image-level analysis rather than the full patient exam. This limits their ability to capture the complete clinical picture, since important information is distributed across multiple views. In …
Spot Scanning Proton Beams Characterization Via Plastic Scintillator Detector, Saad Bin Saeed Ahmed
Spot Scanning Proton Beams Characterization Via Plastic Scintillator Detector, Saad Bin Saeed Ahmed
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
In spot scanning proton therapy, the machine steers magnetically a narrow pencil beam across the target volume, delivering highly conformal dose distributions layer by layer. As beam size is very small, this introduces a dosimetry problem. The beam is dynamic and the dose gradients are steep — conditions that push conventional ionization chambers beyond their reliable operating range. Plastic scintillation detectors offer a potential solution. Their sub-millimeter active volumes avoid the volume-averaging effects over larger chambers, and their very high temporal resolution making real-time monitoring feasible. This thesis characterizes the Blue Physics plastic scintillation detector in spot scanning proton fields …
Development And Flight Of Stratospheric Missions For Hard X-Ray Polarimetry And Hard X-Ray Spectroscopy, Ephraim Gau
Development And Flight Of Stratospheric Missions For Hard X-Ray Polarimetry And Hard X-Ray Spectroscopy, Ephraim Gau
Arts & Sciences Graduate Student Theses and Dissertations
The recent launches of the {\it Imaging X-ray Polarimetry Explorer} ({\it IXPE}\,) and {\it XRISM} have provided significant advances to the realms of polarization and high-resolution spectroscopy in X-ray astrophysics. However, both of these satellite missions conduct measurements in the soft X-rays, below 10 keV. To obtain a complete picture of any astrophysical source, we must extend these capabilities to the hard X-rays, above 10 keV, as well. Thus, in my graduate work, I have directed my efforts in these two regimes: measuring the polarization of hard X-rays with {\it XL-Calibur}, and improving the energy resolution of hard X-ray telescopes …
Techno-Enviro-Economic Analysis Of Precipitated Calcium Carbonate Production From Carbon Dioxide In Cement Industry Flue Gas And Calcium Hydroxide, Natalia Debora Panggabean, Widodo Wahyu Purwanto
Techno-Enviro-Economic Analysis Of Precipitated Calcium Carbonate Production From Carbon Dioxide In Cement Industry Flue Gas And Calcium Hydroxide, Natalia Debora Panggabean, Widodo Wahyu Purwanto
Journal of Materials Exploration and Findings
CCUS is a technological solution to reduce emissions from the cement industry, which is the second largest CO2-intensive industry. This study aims to analyze technical, economic, and environmental performance of Precipitated Calcium Carbonate (PCC) synthesis in cement industry flue gas. The process simulation includes the CO2 capture system from cement plant, CO2 captured used as feedstock for PCC synthesis process through its reaction with calcium hydroxide. The simulation was carried out using ASPEN Plus software. Technical analysis was performed to determine the CO2 capture efficiency and PCC synthesis efficiency. Economic analysis was conducted to calculate CO2 capture cost and production …
Feasibility Analysis Of Thermal Oxidizer To Determine Remaining Life Using Fitness- For-Service Level 3 Method, Yudhi Yudistirawan, Donanta Dhaneswara, Wahyuaji Narottama Putra, Gama Widyaputra, Dewi Kurnia Suci, Agung Putra Mahardhika
Feasibility Analysis Of Thermal Oxidizer To Determine Remaining Life Using Fitness- For-Service Level 3 Method, Yudhi Yudistirawan, Donanta Dhaneswara, Wahyuaji Narottama Putra, Gama Widyaputra, Dewi Kurnia Suci, Agung Putra Mahardhika
Journal of Materials Exploration and Findings
An aged thermal oxidizer (TOX) in the oil and gas industry necessitates a comprehensive evaluation to ensure its continued safe operation. This study presents a Remaining Life Assessment (RLA) and a Fitness for Service (FFS) evaluation for the four main components of the TOX, in accordance with API 510, API 579/ASME FFS-1, and ASME BPVC Section VIII Div-1 standards. The investigation includes the determination of maximum stress and maximum temperature required to assess the operational viability of the reactor. The four components are radiant, convection, transition, and stack sections—were modeled using the finite element method (FEM). Following the geometric modeling, …
Assessing Passenger Electric Vehicle Growth Strategies And Their Impacts On Electricity Demand Load And Co2 Emissions In Aceh Province To Achieve Net Zero Emission Target By 2060, Taufik Hidayat, Widodo Wahyu Purwanto
Assessing Passenger Electric Vehicle Growth Strategies And Their Impacts On Electricity Demand Load And Co2 Emissions In Aceh Province To Achieve Net Zero Emission Target By 2060, Taufik Hidayat, Widodo Wahyu Purwanto
Journal of Materials Exploration and Findings
The electrification of the transport sector is a crucial pathway for achieving Indonesia’s Net Zero Emissions (NZE) target by 2060. This study assesses the potential impact of passenger electric vehicle (EV) penetration on electricity demand and CO2 emissions in Aceh Province through a scenario-based modelling approach. Two policy-aligned scenarios are assessed: a low-penetration (LP) scenario and a high-penetration (HP) scenario. Using the Gompertz model and the ASIF framework, total CO2 emissions were projected from 2020 to 2060. Results show that although higher EV penetration reduces direct emissions from internal combustion engine (ICE) vehicles, total CO2 emissions increase more significantly under …
Bremsstrahlung Photons Emissions Measured At Different Rf Power In 28 Ghz Ecr Ion Source, Mwingereza John Kumwenda
Bremsstrahlung Photons Emissions Measured At Different Rf Power In 28 Ghz Ecr Ion Source, Mwingereza John Kumwenda
Tanzania Journal of Engineering and Technology (TJET)
High-performance electron cyclotron resonance ion sources (ECRISs) generate large amounts of bremsstrahlung photons that affect the cryogenic systems due to the extra heat load that is produced. Thus, this study investigates the bremsstrahlung photons energy spectra at various RF powers, presenting some insight about the trends of the electron heating process inside the plasma. Bremsstrahlung photons from a 28 GHz ECRIS were measured at Busan center of Korean Basic Science Institute (KBSI). The gamma-ray detection system consists of three round-type NaI(Tl) scintillation detectors placed 620 mm radially from the beam axis at the extraction side of the ECRIS, and a …
Correcting Faraday Cup Measurements Using Rutherford Backscattering, Spencer Hughes, A. Bunnell, J. Kim
Correcting Faraday Cup Measurements Using Rutherford Backscattering, Spencer Hughes, A. Bunnell, J. Kim
25th Annual A. Paul and Carol C. Schaap Celebration of Undergraduate Research and Creative Activity (2026)
Faraday cup is a conductive cup that measures the current of an incident beam of charged particles. Faraday cups are frequently used in particle accelerator-based studies where the beam intensity must be measured. A previous study determined the systematic error in Faraday cup measurements for a 3.4 MeV proton beam using Rutherford scattering at large angles. Our study builds upon this previous work to include six different beam energies ranging from 3.0 MeV to 0.6 MeV and two different incident masses (H and He). A silicon surface barrier detector measured the energy of back-scattered ions from a copper target. The …
Eigenmode Decomposition Analysis Of Resistive Magnetic Reconnection, Isaac Q. Evans
Eigenmode Decomposition Analysis Of Resistive Magnetic Reconnection, Isaac Q. Evans
25th Annual A. Paul and Carol C. Schaap Celebration of Undergraduate Research and Creative Activity (2026)
Recent work demonstrates that specific aspects of nonlinear magnetic reconnection in a collisionless regime are directly attributable to linearly damped eigenmodes. In this work, we apply similar eigenmode analysis tools to characterize nonlinear magnetic reconnection driven by resistivity. In contrast to the collisionless case which contains a single unstable/stable eigenmode pair, the resistive case contains an unstable eigenmode and a wide spectrum of stable modes. Calculating eigenmode amplitudes allows for a determination of the significance of each eigenmode in the nonlinearly-evolved resistive reconnection. Linearly stable modes are found to be important in determining properties of nonlinear systems. We discuss how …
Quantum Simulation And Nanoscale Sensing Of Many-Body Phenomena With Solid-State Spin Defects, Guanghui He
Quantum Simulation And Nanoscale Sensing Of Many-Body Phenomena With Solid-State Spin Defects, Guanghui He
Arts & Sciences Graduate Student Theses and Dissertations
Emergent phenomena in interacting quantum systems arise from collective behavior that cannot be reduced to single-particle physics. Understanding these phenomena requires platforms capable of both synthesizing many-body states under controlled conditions and probing them at the microscopic scale where correlations originate. Solid-state spin defects, including nitrogen-vacancy (NV) centers in diamond and negatively charged boron vacancy centers in hexagonal boron nitride (hBN), offer precisely this dual capability. In the first part of this dissertation, a strongly interacting NV ensemble is subjected to periodic and quasi-periodic drives to access a long-lived prethermal regime and realize a discrete time quasicrystal (DTQC). In the …
The Effects Of Solvent Vapor Annealing On Organic Semiconductor Materials, Nicholas Cox
The Effects Of Solvent Vapor Annealing On Organic Semiconductor Materials, Nicholas Cox
Honors Theses
No abstract provided.
Quantum Scattering Of Hc5n And Para-H2 On A New Potential Energy Surface, Shan Gao, François Lique, Ernesto Quintas-Sánchez, Richard Dawes, Jérôme Loreau
Quantum Scattering Of Hc5n And Para-H2 On A New Potential Energy Surface, Shan Gao, François Lique, Ernesto Quintas-Sánchez, Richard Dawes, Jérôme Loreau
Chemistry Faculty Research & Creative Works
In the interstellar medium (ISM), non-local thermodynamic equilibrium situations are common due to low density, and one needs to consider the effect of molecular collisions in order to interpret the observations. Among the species detected in the ISM, cyanopolyynes, with the general molecular formula HC2n+1N (n = 1, 2, …), are characterized by large dipole moments and small rotational constants and constitute an indispensable class of candidates for the sensitive tracers of local density and temperature. We present a study of the collisional (de-) excitation of HC5N by para-H2 (p-H2) in its ground …
The Efficacy Of Manganese Sulfate As A Negative Contrast Agent For Magnetic Resonance Cholangiopancreatography, Zainab Abdulla Mankhi
The Efficacy Of Manganese Sulfate As A Negative Contrast Agent For Magnetic Resonance Cholangiopancreatography, Zainab Abdulla Mankhi
Karbala International Journal of Modern Science
The current study aims to find an alternate oral contrast media for use in magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography (MRCP) that satisfies the following criteria, the greatest imaging quality safety, no or few side effects, and low cost. The present study created an oral contrast agent sample (solution) by dissolving a one tablet of manganese sulfate supplement (taken daily dose) in 200 ml of distilled water. Thirty-three volunteers assessed the sample using MRCP examine pre and post contrast. By evaluating the signal intensity to compute contrast (C), signal to noise ratios (SNR), and contrast to noise ratio (CNR), the resulting MR images …
Fourier Analysis Of Electronic Synthesizer Waveforms, Jiayan Ling, Jack W. Maseberg
Fourier Analysis Of Electronic Synthesizer Waveforms, Jiayan Ling, Jack W. Maseberg
SACAD: Scholarly Activities
We compute Fourier series coefficients for some standard electronic synthesizer waveforms and provide plots of our results.
Design Of Virtual Impedance Controller For Parallel-Connected Converters In A Microgrid, Manyanda Makoye, Francis Mwasilu, Peter M. Makolo, Jackson Justo
Design Of Virtual Impedance Controller For Parallel-Connected Converters In A Microgrid, Manyanda Makoye, Francis Mwasilu, Peter M. Makolo, Jackson Justo
Tanzania Journal of Science
This paper addresses the significant challenge of inaccurate power sharing among Distributed Generators (DGs) in islanded microgrids, which is primarily caused by mismatched feeder and line impedances. Conventional decentralized control solutions often fail to ensure accurate power sharing, especially when line impedances are resistive. To overcome this, the paper proposes a robust, coordinated Virtual Impedance Control (VIC) strategy for DGs. This method implements fixed virtual resistance and virtual inductance to standardize the output impedance characteristics of parallel-connected inverters, thereby minimizing impedance discrepancies and enhancing system stability through increased damping. The theoretical analysis and design of the VIC were validated through …
Measuring Cosmic Rays With Muon Detectors (Quarknet), Jack W. Maseberg
Measuring Cosmic Rays With Muon Detectors (Quarknet), Jack W. Maseberg
SACAD: Scholarly Activities
We report measurements of atmospheric muon particles originating from cosmic rays. Using four QuarkNet project scintillators in a stacked geometry, we recorded muons in coincidence with each other. We observed a change in the muon flux due to a solar Coronal Mass Ejection (CME) event on Jan 19, 2026.
Two-Dimensional Inverse Scattering Solution Using Nurbs Expansion And A Deep Learning Method, Meisam Shafaee
Two-Dimensional Inverse Scattering Solution Using Nurbs Expansion And A Deep Learning Method, Meisam Shafaee
Turkish Journal of Physics
This paper presents a novel framework for solving two-dimensional (2D) inverse scattering problems by integrating nonuniform rational B-spline (NURBS) parameterization with convolutional neural networks (CNNs). Tra ditional pixel/voxel-based deep learning methods often suffer from high dimensionality and discretization artifacts, while purely geometric approaches lack robust inversion mechanisms. To address these limitations, we propose a hybrid frame work where the relative permittivity profile of an unknown scatterer is compactly represented as a NURBS surface, parameterized by a sparse set of control points and weights. This approach reduces the problem dimensionality over 16 times. On the other hand, using NURBS expansion ensures …
From Stability To Spintronics: A Comprehensive High-Throughput Investigation Of 2d Mf4 Lieb Lattices, Uğur Yorulmaz
From Stability To Spintronics: A Comprehensive High-Throughput Investigation Of 2d Mf4 Lieb Lattices, Uğur Yorulmaz
Turkish Journal of Physics
The research on two-dimensional (2D) materials which have intrinsic magnetism and exotic electronic struc tures is an important quest in condensed matter physics. The Lieb lattice offers a unique platform for studying strongly correlated electron phenomena. In this work, we systematically investigated the structural, dynamical, mechanical, electronic, and magnetic properties of monolayer transition metal tetrafluorides (MF4, where M = Ag, Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, Hf, Mn, Mo, Nb, Ni, Pd, Pt, Rh, Ru, Sc, Ta, Ti, V, W, and Y) arranged in a 2D Lieb lattice, using first-principles calculations based on density functional theory (DFT) with Hubbard (U) corrections. Our …
Analytical Solution Of The Green’S Functions For The Poisson Problem Outside A Disk, Mohammad Khorrami
Analytical Solution Of The Green’S Functions For The Poisson Problem Outside A Disk, Mohammad Khorrami
Turkish Journal of Physics
The Poisson problem in the space outside of a disk is investigated. Specifically, the Green’s function corresponding to the problem is calculated. The Green’s function equation is separable in terms of (oblate) ellipsoidal coordinates. Therefore, these coordinates are used to obtain a series expression for the Green’s function. This is done for both the Dirichlet and Neumann problems. The result is used to calculate the electric potential for some examples, with specific boundary conditions on a disk.
Long-Term Measurements Of Global Solar Radiation In Osmaniye, Türkiye (2014–2023), Muhi̇tti̇n Şahan, Hali̇de Şahan, Ramazan Kaya
Long-Term Measurements Of Global Solar Radiation In Osmaniye, Türkiye (2014–2023), Muhi̇tti̇n Şahan, Hali̇de Şahan, Ramazan Kaya
Turkish Journal of Physics
This paper presents the horizontal solar radiation data for Osmaniye (37◦04′N, 36◦22′E), located in Mediterranean region of Türkiye, over the period 2014–2023. Solar radiation variability, recorded at 1-min intervals, was evaluated in terms of hourly, daily, monthly, seasonal, and annual averages. Over the 10-year periods, the mean daily total and daily average global radiations received on a horizontal surface were 1,360,000 W/m2 and 371.47 W/m2, respectively. The monthly averaged daily global radiation (averaged over the 10-year period) ranged from 202.94 W/m2 in December to 496.86 W/m2 in July. The seasonal average values of solar radiations were 452.14 W/m2 in summer, …