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Articles 29401 - 29430 of 34172
Full-Text Articles in Entire DC Network
Epr Studies On The Mono- And Dicobalt(Ii)-Substituted Forms Of The Aminopeptidase From Aeromonas Proteolytica. Insight Into The Catalytic Mechanism Of Dinuclear Hydrolases, Brian Bennett, Richard C. Holz
Epr Studies On The Mono- And Dicobalt(Ii)-Substituted Forms Of The Aminopeptidase From Aeromonas Proteolytica. Insight Into The Catalytic Mechanism Of Dinuclear Hydrolases, Brian Bennett, Richard C. Holz
Physics Faculty Research and Publications
The structure and function of the prototypical dinuclear hydrolase, namely, the aminopeptidase from Aeromonas proteolytica (AAP), was probed by EPR spectroscopy of the mono- and dicobalt(II)-substituted derivatives. A new systematic protocol for the interpretation of Co(II) EPR spectra is described and the S = 3/2 spin states of the Co(II)-substituted forms of the enzyme have been characterized. This protocol allows the simulation of line shape using theoretically allowed geff values corresponding to an isotropic greal value. In addition, the gross distortion of EPR spectra of high-spin S = 3/2 Co(II) ions has been investigated, …
Optical Properties Of Gan Grown On Zno By Reactive Molecular Beam Epitaxy, F. Hamdani, A. Botchkarev, W. Kim, H. Morkoç, M. Yeadon, J. M. Gibson, S.-C. Y. Tsen, David J. Smith, Donald C. Reynolds, David C. Look, K. R. Evans, Cole W. Litton, William C. Mitchel, P. Hemenger
Optical Properties Of Gan Grown On Zno By Reactive Molecular Beam Epitaxy, F. Hamdani, A. Botchkarev, W. Kim, H. Morkoç, M. Yeadon, J. M. Gibson, S.-C. Y. Tsen, David J. Smith, Donald C. Reynolds, David C. Look, K. R. Evans, Cole W. Litton, William C. Mitchel, P. Hemenger
Physics Faculty Publications
High quality wurtzite GaN epilayers have been grown on ZnO(0001) substrates by reactive molecular beam epitaxy. Photoluminescence and reflectivity measurements point to high quality presumably due to the near match of both the crystal lattice parameter and the stacking order between GaN and ZnO. In addition, the good films lack the characteristic yellow photoluminescence band. Any misorientation of the GaN epilayer planes with respect to the ZnO substrate is not detectable with polarized reflectivity. The x-ray double crystal diffraction measurements indicate this misorientation is much smaller than those for GaN epilayers on SiC and Al2O3 . © …
Application Of A Picosecond Soft X-Ray Source To Time-Resolved Plasma Dynamics, J. Workman, M. Nantel, Anatoly Maksimchuk, Donald P. Umstadter
Application Of A Picosecond Soft X-Ray Source To Time-Resolved Plasma Dynamics, J. Workman, M. Nantel, Anatoly Maksimchuk, Donald P. Umstadter
Donald Umstadter Publications
We demonstrate the application of an ultrashort x-ray source as an external probe to measure plasma dynamics. The plasma is generated by a 100-fs Ti: sapphire laser focused onto thin metallic films. Time-resolved spectroscopy of the gold x-ray probe transmission through a perturbed 1000 Å aluminum film reveals redshifts of the L-shell photoabsorption edge. We show that the dynamic behavior of this shift is consistent with the relaxation of the aluminum following the compression generated by a shock wave traveling through the film. An analytic plasma model, with comparison to a numerical hydrodynamics model, indicates compression up to 1.4 …
Blue Light Second Harmonic Generation In The Organic Crystal Ortho-Dicyanovinyl-Anisole, Carl H. Grossman, Samuel Aryeh Schulhofer-Wohl , '98, Erik Robert Thoen , '95
Blue Light Second Harmonic Generation In The Organic Crystal Ortho-Dicyanovinyl-Anisole, Carl H. Grossman, Samuel Aryeh Schulhofer-Wohl , '98, Erik Robert Thoen , '95
Physics & Astronomy Faculty Works
Type I phase matched second harmonic generation (SHG) in the organic crystal ortho-Dicyanovinyl-anisole (DIVA) has been measured for a range of near infrared fundamental wavelengths (855-960 nm). Turning curves for type I phase matched SHG were derived from measured refractive index values and show noncritical phase matching at 860. Measured type I phase matched SHG is in close agreement with the calculated results and gives effective SHG coefficients ranging from 1.9 to 5.9 times as large as d(32) Of potassium niobate. (C) 1997 American Institute of Physics.
On Protostellar Disks In Herbig Ae/Be Stars, Anatoly Miroshnichenko, Željko Ivezić, Moshe Elitzur
On Protostellar Disks In Herbig Ae/Be Stars, Anatoly Miroshnichenko, Željko Ivezić, Moshe Elitzur
Physics and Astronomy Faculty Publications
The spectral shape of IR emission from Herbig Ae/Be stars has been invoked as evidence for accretion disks around high-mass protostars. Instead, we present here models based on spherical envelopes with an r-1.5 dust density profile that successfully explain the observed spectral shapes. The spectral energy distributions of eight primary candidates for protostellar disks are fitted in detail for all wavelengths available, from visual to far-IR. The only envelope property adjusted in individual sources is the overall visual optical depth, and it ranges from 0.3 to 3. In each case, our models properly reproduce the data for IR excess, …
Roughening And Preroughening Of Diamond-Cubic {111} Surfaces, Donald L. Woodraska, John A. Jaszczak
Roughening And Preroughening Of Diamond-Cubic {111} Surfaces, Donald L. Woodraska, John A. Jaszczak
Department of Physics Publications
A solid-on-solid model for {111} surfaces of diamond-cubic materials that correctly takes into account the diamond-cubic crystal structure has been developed for Monte Carlo simulation. In addition to a roughening transition at temperature TR, a distinct preroughening transition at TPR≈0.43TR is indicated by divergences in the surface specific heat and order-parameter susceptibility. Preroughening appears to arise naturally in our nearest-neighbor bond model from the entropic freedom available in the nontrivial crystal structure. Preroughening is shown to dramatically lower the nucleation barrier for growth and etching at low driving forces.
[Fe Iv] In The Orion Nebula, R. H. Rubin, R. J. Dufour, Gary J. Ferland, P. G. Martin, C. R. O'Dell, J. A. Baldwin, J. J. Hester, D. K. Walter, Z. Wen
[Fe Iv] In The Orion Nebula, R. H. Rubin, R. J. Dufour, Gary J. Ferland, P. G. Martin, C. R. O'Dell, J. A. Baldwin, J. J. Hester, D. K. Walter, Z. Wen
Physics and Astronomy Faculty Publications
Using the Goddard High-Resolution Spectrograph on the Hubble Space Telescope, we measured the flux of [Fe IV] (3d5 4P5/2 --> 3d5 6S5/2) λvac = 2836.56 Å in the Orion Nebula, the first detection of an [Fe IV] line in an H II region. A useful upper limit is set on the sum of fluxes of [Fe IV] (3d5 4D5/2, 3/2 --> 3d5 6S5/2) λvac = 2568.4, 2568.2 Å. By comparing these observations with predicted fluxes from simply ``retrofitting'' our two previous photoionization models, …
High Resolution Imaging Of Thin-Film Recording Heads By Superparamagnetic Magnetic Force Microscopy Tips, Sy_Hwang Liou, S.S. Malhotra, John Moreland, P.F. Hopkins
High Resolution Imaging Of Thin-Film Recording Heads By Superparamagnetic Magnetic Force Microscopy Tips, Sy_Hwang Liou, S.S. Malhotra, John Moreland, P.F. Hopkins
Sy-Hwang Liou Publications
We have used superparamagnetic magnetic force microscopy (MFM) tips to obtain high spatial resolution MFM images of recording heads. Profiles of the magnetic field gradient above a thin-film recording head under 3 mA bias current to the head and various tip-head distance conditions are presented. At a low tip-head distance, the gap width, gap location, and gap-field structure can be well resolved in these MFM images. Superparamagnetic tips show promise for the magnetic imaging of recording heads with gap widths below 200 nm.
Raman-Scattering Study Of The Order-Disorder Phase Transition In Kscn, R. Li, John R. Hardy
Raman-Scattering Study Of The Order-Disorder Phase Transition In Kscn, R. Li, John R. Hardy
John R. Hardy Papers
Raman measurements were performed from room temperature to above the phase transition at 413 K on KSCN crystals. The internal mode spectra reveal a sideband above the internal CN stretching vibration which shows softening in frequency approaching the phase transition, while the CN mode shifts toward higher frequencies. Given that the sideband is a two-phonon process, involving an off-zone-center CN stretching mode and a lattice phonon, the substantial softening in its frequency shift indicates the possibility of an off-zone-center lattice instability related to the order-disorder phase transition. An anomalous temperature dependence was also found for the intensity of both the …
The Decision To Reactivate A First-Generation Soviet Nuclear Power Plant: Conceptual And Decision-Analytic Frameworks, John M. Gleason
The Decision To Reactivate A First-Generation Soviet Nuclear Power Plant: Conceptual And Decision-Analytic Frameworks, John M. Gleason
RISK: Health, Safety & Environment (1990-2002)
Explores a variety of factors that led to reopening the Armenian Metsamor facility notwithstanding general agreement that this is unwarranted technologically.
Recurrent Geomagnetic Storms And Relativistic Electron Enhancements In The Outer Magnetosphere: Istp Coordinated Measurements, D. N. Baker, X. Li, N. Turner, J. H. Allen, L. F. Bargatze, J. B. Blake, R. B. Sheldon, Harlan E. Spence, R. D. Belian, G. D. Reeves, S. G. Kanekal, B. Klecker
Recurrent Geomagnetic Storms And Relativistic Electron Enhancements In The Outer Magnetosphere: Istp Coordinated Measurements, D. N. Baker, X. Li, N. Turner, J. H. Allen, L. F. Bargatze, J. B. Blake, R. B. Sheldon, Harlan E. Spence, R. D. Belian, G. D. Reeves, S. G. Kanekal, B. Klecker
Physics & Astronomy
New, coordinated measurements from the International Solar-Terrestrial Physics (ISTP) constellation of spacecraft are presented to show the causes and effects of recurrent geomagnetic activity during recent solar minimum conditions. It is found using WIND and POLAR data that even for modest geomagnetic storms, relativistic electron fluxes are strongly and rapidly enhanced within the outer radiation zone of the Earth's magnetosphere. Solar wind data are utilized to identify the drivers of magnetospheric acceleration processes. Yohkoh solar soft X-ray data are also used to identify the solar coronal holes that produce the high-speed solar wind streams which, in turn, cause the recurrent …
Quantum Coherence In Small Antiferromagnets, S. E. Barnes, R. Ballou, B. Barbara, J. Strelen
Quantum Coherence In Small Antiferromagnets, S. E. Barnes, R. Ballou, B. Barbara, J. Strelen
Physics Articles and Papers
An antiferromagnetic particle with an excess spin j⃗ has 2 degrees of freedom. The one associated with j⃗ is ferromagnetic, while the antiferromagnetic behavior involves Néel vector n⃗. It is shown that the spin-parity effect described by Loss et al. has to do with the ferromagnetic degree of freedom and does not imply the localization of n⃗ for small enough particles for half-integer spin. It is also shown that the tunnel splitting associated with n⃗ is insensitive to applied fields.
Electron-Impact Total Ionization Cross Sections Of Silicon And Germanium Hydrides, M. A. Ali, Y.-K. Kim, W. Hwang, N. M. Weinberger, M. Eugene Rudd
Electron-Impact Total Ionization Cross Sections Of Silicon And Germanium Hydrides, M. A. Ali, Y.-K. Kim, W. Hwang, N. M. Weinberger, M. Eugene Rudd
M. Eugene Rudd Publications
Electron-impact total ionization cross sections of some silicon and germanium compounds have been calculated by applying a new theoretical model that has been found to be reliable for a wide range of molecules. The new theory, the binary-encounter-Bethe (BEB) model, combines the binary-encounter theory and the Bethe theory for electron-impact ionization, and uses simple theoretical molecular orbital data—binding energies, average kinetic energies, and occupation numbers—which are readily available from molecular structure codes. Total ionization cross sections of SiH, SiH2, SiH3, SiH4, Si2H6, Si(CH3)4, GeH, GeH2 …
Atomic And Electronic Structures Of Neutral And Charged Boron And Boron-Rich Clusters, J. Niu, B. K. Rao, P. Jena
Atomic And Electronic Structures Of Neutral And Charged Boron And Boron-Rich Clusters, J. Niu, B. K. Rao, P. Jena
Physics Publications
Ab initio molecular orbital theory based on both density functional formalism and quantum chemical methods has been used to calculate the equilibrium geometries, binding energies, ionization potentials, fragmentation patterns, and electronic structures of neutral and charged boron clusters containing up to six atoms. Calculations have also been performed on restricted geometries for BnX (n=1,5,12; X=Be, B, C) and B20 clusters to see if clusters can be designed so as to increase their stability. Energetics of doubly chargedB++n clusters have also been studied to find the critical size for Coulomb explosion. The results are compared with existing experimental and theoretical data.
Anomalous Flow Profile Due To The Curvature Effect On Slip Length, Alejandro Garcia, K. Tibbs, F. Baras
Anomalous Flow Profile Due To The Curvature Effect On Slip Length, Alejandro Garcia, K. Tibbs, F. Baras
Faculty Publications
No abstract provided.
An Instantaneous Normal Mode Description Of Relaxation In Supercooled Liquids, T. Keyes, G. V. Vijayadamodar, Ulrich Zurcher
An Instantaneous Normal Mode Description Of Relaxation In Supercooled Liquids, T. Keyes, G. V. Vijayadamodar, Ulrich Zurcher
Physics Faculty Publications
Relaxation in supercooled liquids is formulated from the instantaneous normal modes (INM) point of view. The frequency and temperature dependence of the unstable, imaginary frequency lobe of the INM density of states, ⟨ρu(ω,T)⟩ (for simplicity we write ω instead of iω), is investigated and characterized over a broad temperature range, 10⩾T⩾0.42, in the unit density Lennard-Jones liquid. INM theories of diffusion invoke Im-ω modes descriptive of barrier crossing, but not all imaginary frequency modes fall into this category. There exists a cutoff frequency ωc such that modes with ω<ωc correspond to “shoulder potentials,” whereas the potential profiles include barrier-crossing double wells for ω>ωc. Given that only modes with ω>ωc contribute to diffusion, …ωc>
Spinors, Jets, And The Einstein Equations, Charles G. Torre
Spinors, Jets, And The Einstein Equations, Charles G. Torre
All Physics Faculty Publications
Many important features of a field theory, e.g., conserved currents, symplectic structures, energy-momentum tensors, etc., arise as tensors locally constructed from the fields and their derivatives. Such tensors are naturally defined as geometric objects on the jet space of solutions to the field equations. Modern results from the calculus on jet bundles can be combined with a powerful spinor parametrization of the jet space of Einstein metrics to unravel basic features of the Einstein equations. These techniques have been applied to computation of generalized symmetries and “characteristic cohomology” of the Einstein equations, and lead to results such as a proof …
Preferential Bonding Orientations Of Ferrocene On Surfaces, C. Waldfried, D. Welipitiya, C. W. Hutchings, H. S. V. De Silva, Gordon A. Gallup, Peter A. Dowben, W. W. Pai, Jiandi Zhang, J. F. Wendelken, N. M. Boag
Preferential Bonding Orientations Of Ferrocene On Surfaces, C. Waldfried, D. Welipitiya, C. W. Hutchings, H. S. V. De Silva, Gordon A. Gallup, Peter A. Dowben, W. W. Pai, Jiandi Zhang, J. F. Wendelken, N. M. Boag
Peter Dowben Publications
We have measured the molecular orientation and bonding of adsorbed ferrocene on Ag(100) and Cu(100) using angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy (ARPES). The results for molecular adsorption on Ag(100) are complemented by high-resolution electron energy loss spectroscopy (HREELS) measurments and ab initio calculations for the ferrocene vibrational modes. The measurements indicate that ferrocene adsorbs on Ag(100) with the molecular axis perpendicular to the surface. In contrast, as indicated using ARPES and scanning tunneling microscopy, ferrocene adsorbed on the Cu(100) surface is oriented with the molecular axis parallel with the surface. Model calculations allow us to assign all of the observed vibrational modes …
Maximum Individual & Vicinity-Average Dose For A Geologic Repository Containing Radioactive Waste, Thomas H. Pigford
Maximum Individual & Vicinity-Average Dose For A Geologic Repository Containing Radioactive Waste, Thomas H. Pigford
RISK: Health, Safety & Environment (1990-2002)
Explains the basis for his strong dissent to an NAS report on Yucca Mountain.
Constraints On The Production Of Ultra–High-Energy Cosmic Rays By Isolated Neutron Stars, Aparna Venkatesan, M Coleman Miller, Angela V. Olinto
Constraints On The Production Of Ultra–High-Energy Cosmic Rays By Isolated Neutron Stars, Aparna Venkatesan, M Coleman Miller, Angela V. Olinto
Physics and Astronomy
The energetics, spectrum, and composition of cosmic rays with energies below ~1015 eV are fairly well explained by models involving supernova shocks. In contrast, no widely accepted theory exists for the origin of ultra-high-energy cosmic rays (UHECRs), which have energies above 1015 eV. Instead of proposing a specific model, here we place strong constraints on any model of UHECRs involving isolated neutron stars (no companions). We consider the total power requirements and show that the only viable power source associated with isolated neutron stars is rotation. Mechanisms based on accretion from the interstellar medium fall short of the …
Point And Line Disclinations In Models Of The Blue Phases, Peter J. Collings
Point And Line Disclinations In Models Of The Blue Phases, Peter J. Collings
Physics & Astronomy Faculty Works
The model of the liquid crystalline blue phases proposed by Alfred Saupe in 1969 is examined in light of the recent, successful theoretical models for these phases. Such an analysis demonstrates that Saupe's model captures all of the important features of the recent models, differing only in the density of line disclinations. The fact that Saupe proposed this model over ten years before the more recent work and without the benefit of a significant amout of new experimental evidence is testimony for his keen physical insight. Such models continue to be useful as researchers direct their attention to the less …
Astrophysical Bounds On Global Strings, Shane L. Larson, William A. Hiscock
Astrophysical Bounds On Global Strings, Shane L. Larson, William A. Hiscock
All Physics Faculty Publications
Global topological defects produce nonzero stress energy throughout spacetime, and as a result can have observable gravitational influence on surrounding matter. Gravitational effects of global strings are used to place bounds on their cosmic abundance. The minimum separation between global strings is estimated by considering the defects' contribution to the cosmological energy density. More rigorous constraints on the abundance of global strings are constructed by examining the tidal forces such defects will have on observable astrophysical systems. The small number of observed tidally disrupted systems indicates there can be very few of these objects in the observable Universe.
Comparison Of The Projector Augmented-Wave, Pseudopotential, And Linearized Augmented-Plane-Wave Formalisms For Density-Functional Calculations Of Solids, N. A. W. Holzwarth, G. E. Matthews, Rodney Dunning, A. R. Tackett, Y. Zeng
Comparison Of The Projector Augmented-Wave, Pseudopotential, And Linearized Augmented-Plane-Wave Formalisms For Density-Functional Calculations Of Solids, N. A. W. Holzwarth, G. E. Matthews, Rodney Dunning, A. R. Tackett, Y. Zeng
Chemistry & Physics Faculty Publications
The projector augmented-wave (PAW) method was developed by Blöchl as a method to accurately and efficiently calculate the electronic structure of materials within the framework of density-functional theory. It contains the numerical advantages of pseudopotential calculations while retaining the physics of all-electron calculations, including the correct nodal behavior of the valence-electron wave functions and the ability to include upper core states in addition to valence states in the self-consistent iterations. It uses many of the same ideas developed by Vanderbilt in his "soft pseudopotential'' formalism and in earlier work by Blöchl in his "generalized separable potentials,'' and has been successfully …
Structure And Magnetism Of Multiphase Sm0.080co0.645fe0.276 Powders, V. G. Harris, M. Liou, B. N. Das, V. M. Browning, J. E. Snyder, M. Rubinstein, S. H. Lawrence, R. Littleton Iii, D. P. Pappas
Structure And Magnetism Of Multiphase Sm0.080co0.645fe0.276 Powders, V. G. Harris, M. Liou, B. N. Das, V. M. Browning, J. E. Snyder, M. Rubinstein, S. H. Lawrence, R. Littleton Iii, D. P. Pappas
Physics Publications
A Sm-poor mixture of Fe-substituted Sm2Co17, having the nominal stoichiometry of Sm0.080Co0.645Fe0.276, was ball-milled to explore the possibility of enhancing its remanence through direct microstructural refinement. With milling, the Sm2(Co0.7Fe0.3)17 compound disassociates to a body-centered-cubic supersaturated SmCoFe solid solution and a residual SmCoFe amorphous phase. Correspondingly, the coercive field values first increase, peaking at 0.83 kOe after 180 min of milling, then decrease with continued milling to
Ionospheric Response To An Auroral Substorm, Robert W. Schunk, L. Zhu, Jan Josef Sojka, M. D. Bowline
Ionospheric Response To An Auroral Substorm, Robert W. Schunk, L. Zhu, Jan Josef Sojka, M. D. Bowline
All Physics Faculty Publications
The response of the ionosphere to a representative auroral substorm was simulated. The response was found to be significant at all altitudes in a large spatial region near midnight magnetic local time. In this midnight region, there were Te and Ti hot spots, substantial O+ → NO+ composition changes, non‐Maxwellian velocity distributions, transient ion upwellings, a large‐scale lowering of the F‐layer, ionization peaks that occur in the E‐region, and sharp horizontal gradients. Also, during the expansion phase, the E‐region densities increase due to auroral precipitation, while the plasma densities above 300 km decrease due to the …
Model Study Of Ground Magnetic Signatures Of Traveling Convection Vortices, Lie Zhu, P. Gifford, Jan Josef Sojka, Robert W. Schunk
Model Study Of Ground Magnetic Signatures Of Traveling Convection Vortices, Lie Zhu, P. Gifford, Jan Josef Sojka, Robert W. Schunk
All Physics Faculty Publications
We conducted a model study of ground magnetic signatures of traveling convection vortices (TCVs) that included both the ionospheric conductivity enhancement associated with the TCVs and the ground induction effect. We found that the localized conductivity enhancement can cause a significant distortion of the TCV current system and lead to a distortion of the ground magnetic disturbance patterns. The patterns of all three magnetic components are asymmetric, mainly in the E-W direction, and the patterns of the Z component show the strongest asymmetry (20–30%). We also found that the effect of induction currents on ground magnetic signatures of the TCVs …
Plateau Tank Apparatus For The Study Of Liquid Bridges, Andrew Resnick, J. Iwan D. Alexander
Plateau Tank Apparatus For The Study Of Liquid Bridges, Andrew Resnick, J. Iwan D. Alexander
Physics Faculty Publications
An apparatus has been constructed and used to study the equilibrium and dynamical behavior of liquid bridges under reduced effective gravity. Liquid bridges are created and manipulated using six independent computer controlled stepper motors which drive linear motion tables. The bridges are visualized with a high magnification coherent Fourier optical system and in an orthogonal view using incoherent white light. By calibrating a density hydrometer and measuring the interfacial energy between the bridge and bath, reliable Bond numbers as low as 10−4 can be created and held stable for extended periods of time. Dimensional control of the liquid bridges approaches …
An Embedded Ring Approach To The Vibrational Dynamics Of Amorphous Materials, John R. Dennison, T. E. Doyle
An Embedded Ring Approach To The Vibrational Dynamics Of Amorphous Materials, John R. Dennison, T. E. Doyle
All Physics Faculty Publications
A theoretical approach has been developed to model the vibrational modes of amorphous, two-dimensional materials. The method considers that the vibrational density of states is composed primarily of states originating from embedded ring structures of medium-range order. The materials are modeled as continuous random networks comprised of a statistical distribution of symmetric, planar rings with four to eight members. The rings are treated as local structural units embedded in the material, similar to molecules within a solid. The ring potentials are approximated with a valence force model (bond-stretching and bond-angle-bending force constants) modified by a third harmonic, effective force constant …
Handbook Of Liquid Crystal Research, Peter J. Collings, J. S. Patel
Handbook Of Liquid Crystal Research, Peter J. Collings, J. S. Patel
Physics & Astronomy Faculty Works
No abstract provided.
Phase Structures And Transitions In Thermotropic Liquid Crystals, Peter J. Collings
Phase Structures And Transitions In Thermotropic Liquid Crystals, Peter J. Collings
Physics & Astronomy Faculty Works
No abstract provided.